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Pol J Microbiol 2018 ;67(4):431-440

Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University , Lublin , Poland.

Non-diphtherial corynebacteria are Gram-positive rods that cause opportunistic infections, what is supported by their ability to produce biofilm on artificial surfaces. In this study, the characteristic of the biofilm produced on vascular and urological catheters was determined using a confocal microscopy for the most frequently involved in infections diphtheroid species. They were represented by the reference strains of Corynebacterium striatum ATCC 6940 and C. Read More

Wien Med Wochenschr 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Klinisches Institut, Universität Wien, Martinstraße 7, 3400, Klosterneuburg, Österreich.

After his medical studies in Vienna and Graz, Georg von Hofmann-Wellenhof, born in 1860 in Vienna, became an assistant at the Pathology Institute at the University of Graz. In 1887, he described a bacterium in the pharynx which resembled diphtheria bacillus. As it was not pathogenic in animal experiments, he named it Bacillus pseudodiphthericus, now Corynebacterium pseudodiphthericum. Read More

Curr Opin Biotechnol 2018 Dec 8;57:17-24. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK Plus program), KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Institute for the BioCentury, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Corynebacterium glutamicum has been mainly used for industrial production of amino acids, and in recent years, it has also been successfully engineered to broaden its range of substrate and product profiles. In particular, C. glutamicum has been engineered to use non-natural sugar substrates (mainly pentoses) derived from hemicellulosic feedstock, which is the second abundant component of lignocellulosic biomass. Read More

Microb Ecol 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Biology Department, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P. O. Box 36, PC, 123, Al Khoud, Sultanate of Oman.

Although marine biofouling has been widely studied on different substrates, information on biofouling on plastics in the Arabian Gulf is limited. Substrate- and location-specific effects were investigated by comparing the microbial communities developed on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene (PE) with those on steel and wood, at two locations in the Sea of Oman. Total biomass was lower on PET and PE than on steel and wood. Read More

mSystems 2018 Nov-Dec;3(6). Epub 2018 Dec 4.

The Forsyth Institute (Microbiology), Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

The expanded Human Oral Microbiome Database (eHOMD) is a comprehensive microbiome database for sites along the human aerodigestive tract that revealed new insights into the nostril microbiome. The eHOMD provides well-curated 16S rRNA gene reference sequences linked to available genomes and enables assignment of species-level taxonomy to most next-generation sequences derived from diverse aerodigestive tract sites, including the nasal passages, sinuses, throat, esophagus, and mouth. Using minimum entropy decomposition coupled with the RDP Classifier and our eHOMD V1-V3 training set, we reanalyzed 16S rRNA V1-V3 sequences from the nostrils of 210 Human Microbiome Project participants at the species level, revealing four key insights. Read More

J Vet Med 2018 11;2018:3801479. Epub 2018 Nov 11.

Department of Animal Sciences, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.

A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the prevalence and risk factors of subclinical mastitis in dairy goats in Thika East Subcounty, Kenya. Further the bacterial pathogens and their antibiogram were investigated. Farm level data on risk factors were obtained from 41 farmers using questionnaires. Read More

Int J Biol Macromol 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Multiuser Center for Biomolecular Innovation, Department of Physics, Instituto de Biociências Letras e Ciências Exatas (Ibilce), Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São Jose do Rio Preto, SP, 15054-000, Brazil. Electronic address:

Currently no effective treatment is available to combat infections caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis in livestock. Survival of this Gram-positive bacterium in rapidly-growing pathogens in hostile environments is strongly dependent on the existence of a robust DNA repair system to prevent DNA mutations and contribute to bacterial colonization and virulence. The adenine/guanine-specific DNA glycosylase (MutY) is evolutionarily conserved and has been well characterized due to its central role in the prevention of mutagenesis and DNA repair. Read More

J Environ Manage 2018 Dec 3;232:615-624. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Division of Environmental and Water Resources Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore; Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Singapore 637141, Singapore.

With increasing demand for biodiesel, crude glycerol as a by-product in biodiesel production has been generated and oversupplied. This study, therefore, explored the pretreatment and a subsequent two-stage microbial system to convert crude glycerol into high value-added products: 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). After pretreatment, long chain fatty acids (LCFAs) could be effectively removed from crude glycerol to eliminate the inhibition effects on subsequent microbial process. Read More

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2018 Dec;59(15):5752-5761

University of Houston College of Optometry, Houston, Texas, United States.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore differences in genotype, ocular surface microbiome, tear inflammatory markers, and environmental and behavioral exposures in soft contact lens (SCL) wearers with and without a history of corneal infiltrative events (CIEs).

Methods: Nine SCL wearers with a recent CIE and nine age-, sex-, and SCL material- and modality-matched controls were enrolled. The Contact Lens Risk Survey, slit-lamp examination data, basal tears, conjunctival microbial cultures, and peripheral blood samples were collected. Read More

J Agric Food Chem 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Taurine is a biologically and physiologically valuable food additive. However, commercial taurine production mainly relies on environmentally harmful chemical synthesis. Herein, for the first time in bacteria, we attempted to produce taurine in metabolically engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum. Read More

Microb Cell Fact 2018 Dec 3;17(1):192. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Bugworks Research India, Pvt. Ltd, Bengaluru, India.

Introduction: Chemical industries are constantly in search of an expeditious and environmentally benign method for producing chiral synthons. Ketoreductases have been used as catalysts for enantioselective conversion of desired prochiral ketones to their corresponding alcohol. We chose reported promiscuous ketoreductases belonging to different protein families and expressed them in E. Read More

BMC Genomics 2018 Dec 4;19(1):869. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Westmead Hospital, PO Box 533, Wentworthville, NSW, 2145, Australia.

Background: Corynebacterium diphtheriae is the main etiological agent of diphtheria, a global disease causing life-threatening infections, particularly in infants and children. Vaccination with diphtheria toxoid protects against infection with potent toxin producing strains. However a growing number of apparently non-toxigenic but potentially invasive C. Read More

Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao 2018 Nov;34(11):1760-1771

School of Biological Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.

Promoter, an essential regulatory element, is widely used for metabolic engineering of industrial strains. Corynebacterium glutamicum is an important industrial workhorse to produce various amino acids. However, strong constitutive promoters that are applicable to C. Read More

Biotechnol Lett 2018 Nov 29. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.

Objective: To enhance the thermostability and deregulate the hemin inhibition of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) synthase from Rhodopseudomonas palustris (RP-ALAS) by a computer-aided rational design strategy.

Results: Eighteen RP-ALAS single variants were rationally designed and screened by measuring their residual activities upon heating. Among them, H29R and H15K exhibited a 2. Read More

Lab Chip 2018 Nov 29. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany and Multiscale Bioengineering, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.

Interspecies interactions inside microbial communities bear a tremendous diversity of complex chemical processes that are by far not understood. Even for simplified, often synthetic systems, the interactions between two microbes are barely revealed in detail. Here, we present a microfluidic co-cultivation platform for the analysis of growth and interactions inside microbial consortia with single-cell resolution. Read More

J Agric Food Chem 2018 Nov 29. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Resveratrol, a plant-derived polyphenolic compound with various health activities, is widely used in nutraceutical and food additives. Herein, combinatorial optimization of resveratrol biosynthetic pathway and intracellular environment of E. coli was carried out. Read More

Protein Expr Purif 2018 Nov 25;155:66-71. Epub 2018 Nov 25.

Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan. Electronic address:

Cell surface protein B (CspB) from Corynebacterium glutamicum is used as a pH-responsive peptide tag to enable a simple solid-liquid separation method for isolating a CspB fusion protein. Here we demonstrate the first application of a CspB tag for the purification of Teriparatide, which is a biologic drug that is prescribed for osteoporosis. The Teriparatide was constructed as CspB50TEV-Teriparatide, comprising 50 amino acid residues of CspB, the cleavage site of TEV protease, and Teriparatide. Read More

J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2018 Nov 27. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Zymergen Inc., 5980 Horton St #105, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA.

This study details a reliable and efficient method for CRISPR-Cas9 genome engineering in the high amino acid-producing strain of Corynebacterium glutamicum, NRRL-B11474. Our investigation demonstrates that a plasmid-encoded single-guide RNA paired with different edit-encoding fragments is sufficient to generate edits without the addition of an exogenous recombinase. This approach leverages a genome-integrated copy of the cas9 gene for reduced toxicity, in combination with a single plasmid carrying the targeting guide RNA and matching edit fragment. Read More

Redox Biol 2018 Nov 17;20:514-525. Epub 2018 Nov 17.

Freie Universität Berlin, Institute for Biology-Microbiology, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. Electronic address:

Mycothiol (MSH) functions as major low molecular weight (LMW) thiol in the industrially important Corynebacterium glutamicum. In this study, we genomically integrated an Mrx1-roGFP2 biosensor in C. glutamicum to measure dynamic changes of the MSH redox potential (E) during the growth and under oxidative stress. Read More

Sci Total Environ 2018 Nov 22;655:831-841. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, Department of Geology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa. Electronic address:

Recent studies have identified cemeteries as potential environmental reservoirs of multi-drug resistant pathogenic bacteria that could contaminate groundwater sources posing public health threats. However, these findings were based on the identification of culturable bacteria and at times not below burial grounds. Investigation on the bacterial diversity and functional profiles of bacterial communities above and below burial grounds in human cemeteries are few. Read More

Biochem J 2018 Nov 26. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China.

The MarR family is unique to both bacteria and archaea. The members of this family, one of the most prevalent families of transcriptional regulators in bacteria, enable bacteria to adapt to changing environmental conditions, such as the presence of antibiotics, toxic chemicals, or reactive oxygen species, mainly by thiol-disulfide switches. Although the genome of encodes a large number of the putative MarR-type transcriptional regulators, their physiological and biochemical functions have so far been limited to only two proteins, regulator of oxidative stress response RosR and quinone oxidoreductase regulator QosR. Read More

Microb Cell Fact 2018 Nov 24;17(1):185. Epub 2018 Nov 24.

National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China.

Background: Promoters are commonly used to regulate the expression of specific target genes or operons. Although a series of promoters have been developed in Corynebacterium glutamicum, more precise and unique expression patterns are needed that the current selection of promoters cannot produce. RNA-Seq technology is a powerful tool for helping us to screen out promoters with expected transcriptional strengths. Read More

Nat Commun 2018 11 23;9(1):4956. Epub 2018 Nov 23.

The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, 06032, CT, USA.

We developed Growth Rate InDex (GRiD) for estimating in situ growth rates of ultra-low coverage (>0.2×) and de novo-assembled metagenomes. Applying GRiD to human and environmental metagenomic datasets to demonstrate its versatility, we uncovered new associations with previously uncharacterized bacteria whose growth rates were associated with several disease characteristics or environmental interactions. Read More

J Med Microbiol 2018 Nov 22. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

2​Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Sporadic diphtheria cases in Malaysia have remained low in number since the 1990s. However, in 2016 a total of 31 cases were reported nationwide and to investigate this we performed molecular characterization of 30 Corynebacterium diphtheriae isolates collected from 1981 to 2016 using multilocus sequence typing (MLST). C. Read More

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018 Dec 21;115(50):E11623-E11632. Epub 2018 Nov 21.

Center for Structural Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie-Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium;

Hydrogen peroxide (HO) is a strong oxidant capable of oxidizing cysteinyl thiolates, yet only a few cysteine-containing proteins have exceptional reactivity toward HO One such example is the prokaryotic transcription factor OxyR, which controls the antioxidant response in bacteria, and which specifically and rapidly reduces HO In this study, we present crystallographic evidence for the HO-sensing mechanism and HO-dependent structural transition of OxyR by capturing the reduced and HO-bound structures of a serine mutant of the peroxidatic cysteine, and the full-length crystal structure of disulfide-bonded oxidized OxyR. In the HO-bound structure, we pinpoint the key residues for the peroxidatic reduction of HO, and relate this to mutational assays showing that the conserved active-site residues T107 and R278 are critical for effective HO reduction. Furthermore, we propose an allosteric mode of structural change, whereby a localized conformational change arising from HO-induced intramolecular disulfide formation drives a structural shift at the dimerization interface of OxyR, leading to overall changes in quaternary structure and an altered DNA-binding topology and affinity at the catalase promoter region. Read More

Front Microbiol 2018 16;9:2379. Epub 2018 Oct 16.

Key Laboratory of Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.

Bovine mastitis continues to be a complex disease associated with significant economic loss in dairy industries worldwide. The incidence rate of subclinical mastitis (IRSCM) can show substantial variation among different farms; however, the milk microbiota, which have a direct influence on bovine mammary gland health, have never been associated with the IRSCM. Here, we aimed to use high-throughput DNA sequencing to describe the milk microbiota from two dairy farms with different IRSCMs and to identify the predominant mastitis pathogens along with commensal or potential beneficial bacteria. Read More

Metab Eng 2018 Nov 17;52:77-86. Epub 2018 Nov 17.

Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Tsinghua Innovation Center in Dongguan, Dongguan 523808, China; Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. Electronic address:

Increasing the availability of NADPH is commonly used to improve lysine production by Corynebacterium glutamicum since 4 mol of NADPH are required for the synthesis of 1 mol of lysine. Alternatively, engineering of enzymes in lysine synthesis pathway to utilize NADH directly can also be explored for cofactor balance during lysine overproduction. To achieve such a goal, enzyme mining was used in this study to quickly identify a full set of NADH-utilizing dehydrogenases, namely aspartate dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PaASPDH), aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase from Tistrella mobilis (TmASADH), dihydrodipicolinate reductase from Escherichia coli (EcDHDPR), and diaminopimelate dehydrogenase from Pseudothermotoga thermarum (PtDAPDH). Read More

Clin Case Rep 2018 Nov 10;6(11):2208-2210. Epub 2018 Oct 10.

Department of Diagnostic Imaging Rhode Island Hospital and Alpert Medical School of Brown University Providence Rhode Island.

Cystic neutrophilic granulomatous mastitis (CNGM) is an increasingly recognized entity in the differential diagnosis of granulomatous inflammation involving the breast. We present the first case report of CNGM mimicking carcinoma of the breast with two mixed bacterial species as the causative pathogens ( and spp.). Read More

Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018 Dec 16;507(1-4):420-425. Epub 2018 Nov 16.

School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China. Electronic address:

Background: Antibiotics and none-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are often taken orally to treat human diseases. The use of these drugs adversely could affect the natural oral microbiota composition and oral immune system. In the meanwhile, it may break the original balance of oral micro-ecosystem. Read More

Biotechnol Bioeng 2018 Nov 18. Epub 2018 Nov 18.

Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences - Biotechnology (IBG-1), Jülich, Germany.

The impact of Sec signal peptides (SPs) from Bacillus subtilis in combination with IPTG concentration and feeding profile was investigated for heterologous protein secretion performance by Corynebacterium glutamicum using cutinase as model enzyme. Based on a comprehensive data set of about 150 bench-scale bioreactor cultivations in fed-batch mode and choosing the cutinase yield as objective, it was shown that relative secretion performance for bioprocesses remains very similar, irrespective of the applied SP enabling Sec mediated cutinase secretion. However, to achieve the maximal absolute cutinase yield, careful adjustment of bioprocess conditions was found to be necessary. Read More

Breast J 2018 Nov 17. Epub 2018 Nov 17.

Department of Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.

Granulomatous mastitis is an uncommon inflammatory disease that typically presents with painful breast lesions. Recent publications have brought to light a specific subset of granulomatous mastitis patients with a distinct histological pattern of disease termed, "cystic neutrophilic granulomatous mastitis" (CNGM). Although many cases of granulomatous lobular mastitis have been thought to be idiopathic, this rare subset of an uncommon disease has been linked to infections with Corynebacterium species. Read More

J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2018 Nov 16. Epub 2018 Nov 16.

Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.

Corynebacterium glutamicum SNK 118 was metabolically engineered with improved L-arginine titer. Considering the crucial role of NADPH level in L-arginine production, pntAB (membrane-bound transhydrogenase) and ppnK (NAD kinase) were co-expressed to increase the intracellular NADPH pool. Expression of pntAB exhibited significant effects on NADPH supply and L-arginine synthesis. Read More

J Biochem 2018 Nov 15. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong-ro, Sejong-si, Korea.

In this study, we analyzed the ahpD gene from Corynebacterium glutamicum, which may function in a H2O2-mediated stress responses. Cells overexpressing C. glutamicum ahpD (P180-ahpD) showed increased sensitivity to H2O2 when exposed to the latter in concentrations of 8 mM or greater while showing reduced expression of katA, which encodes catalase. Read More

Ocul Surf 2018 Nov 13. Epub 2018 Nov 13.

School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.

Purpose: The human eye is composed of numerous microhabitats. The aim of this study was to understand the communality and differences in the microbiomes of various regions of the eye.

Methods: Four ocular sites from different subject groups were assessed including the eyelid margin tissue from patients with lid abnormalities (n = 20), fornix and limbus conjunctival tissue from patients with pterygia (n = 23), ocular (conjunctival) surface swabs (n = 45) and facial skin swabs (n = 16). Read More

JMM Case Rep 2018 Sep 6;5(9):e005149. Epub 2018 Apr 6.

Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Cátedra de Microbiología Clínica, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Introduction: is a Gram-stain-positive non-lipophilic coryneform rod first described in blood samples and pleural fluid. There is scarce information about the clinical relevance of and none on complicated urinary tract infections has been described so far.

Case Presentation: A 36-year-old woman with a history of chronic kidney failure, under thrice-weekly haemodialysis since 2014 due to polycystic kidney disease, presented with hypogastric pain, lower left quadrant pain and nausea. Read More

Front Microbiol 2018 30;9:2594. Epub 2018 Oct 30.

Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea.

A native microbial consortium for the bioremediation of soil contaminated with diesel fuel in Korea was constructed and its biodegradation ability was assessed. Microbial strains isolated from Korean terrestrial environments, with the potential to biodegrade aliphatic hydrocarbons, PAHs, and resins, were investigated and among them, eventually seven microbial strains, DR1, sp. KSS-2, sp. Read More

Front Microbiol 2018 30;9:2589. Epub 2018 Oct 30.

Chair of Genetics of Prokaryotes, Faculty of Biology and CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.

The dicarboxylic acid glutarate is an important building-block gaining interest in the chemical and pharmaceutical industry. Here, a synthetic pathway for fermentative production of glutarate by the actinobacterium has been developed. The pathway does not require molecular oxygen and operates via lysine decarboyxylase followed by two transamination and two NAD-dependent oxidation reactions. Read More

Micromachines (Basel) 2018 Jul 25;9(8). Epub 2018 Jul 25.

Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

Single-cell sequencing is a powerful technology that provides the capability of analyzing a single cell within a population. This technology is mostly coupled with microfluidic systems for controlled cell manipulation and precise fluid handling to shed light on the genomes of a wide range of cells. So far, single-cell sequencing has been focused mostly on human cells due to the ease of lysing the cells for genome amplification. Read More

Trop Anim Health Prod 2018 Nov 12. Epub 2018 Nov 12.

Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), Av. Universitária, s/n, Santa Cecília, Patos, PB, Brazil.

Goat breeding in the Northeast region of Brazil plays an important socioeconomic role. However, there are significant losses caused by sanitary deficits and infectious diseases, particularly caseous lymphadenitis (CL). Although CL is considered endemic in Northeastern Brazil, a comprehensive and up-to-date study of this disease in goat herds in this region is necessary. Read More

J Biosci Bioeng 2018 Nov 9. Epub 2018 Nov 9.

Institute for Innovation, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., 1-1 Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-8681, Japan; Research and Development Center for Precision Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-2 Kasuga, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8550, Japan. Electronic address:

A high copy number mutant plasmid, designated pVC7H1, was isolated from an Escherichia coli-Corynebacterium glutamicum shuttle vector pVC7N derived from cryptic plasmid pAM330 that was originally found in Brevibacterium lactofermentum 2256 (formally C. glutamicum ATCC 13869). The copy number of pVC7N was estimated to be about 11 per chromosome, whereas pVC7H1 displayed a copy number of 112 per chromosome in C. Read More

PLoS One 2018 12;13(11):e0207304. Epub 2018 Nov 12.

Department of General Biology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Phylogenomics and genome scale positive selection analyses were performed on 29 Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis genomes that were isolated from different hosts, including representatives of the Ovis and Equi biovars. A total of 27 genes were identified as undergoing adaptive changes. An analysis of the clades within this species and these biovars, the genes specific to each branch, and the genes responding to selective pressure show clear differences, indicating that adaptation and specialization is occurring in different clades. Read More

Front Microbiol 2018 26;9:2523. Epub 2018 Oct 26.

Department of Biotechnology, The Catholirc University of Korea, Bucheon, South Korea.

, a soil-derived gram-positive actinobacterium, has been widely used for the production of biochemical molecules such as amino acids (i.e., L-glutamate and L-lysine), nucleic acids, alcohols, and organic acids. Read More

Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2018 Nov 8. Epub 2018 Nov 8.

Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, España; Servicio de Microbiología Clínica, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, España.

Biotechnol Adv 2018 Dec 9;36(8):2264-2283. Epub 2018 Nov 9.

Induced Resistance and Plant Bioprotection, Faculty of Sciences University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, PO Box 1039, EA 4707, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Reims Cedex 51687, France.

Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies on biological activities of phytostilbenes have brought to the fore the remarkable properties of these compounds and their derivatives, making them a top storyline in natural product research fields. However, getting stilbenes in sufficient amounts for routine biological activity studies and make them available for pharmaceutical and/or nutraceutical industry applications, is hampered by the difficulty to source them through synthetic chemistry-based pathways or extraction from the native plants. Hence, microbial cell cultures have rapidly became potent workhorse factories for stilbene production. Read More

Vet World 2018 Sep 17;11(9):1272-1276. Epub 2018 Sep 17.

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.

Background: Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) is a serious disease affects sheep and goat, caused by . Due to it is non-treatable disease, so the effective preventive vaccines are considered a significant way to combat the disease. All strains of have several virulence factors that associated with their cell invasion, survival, and proliferation such as phospholipase D (PLD), outer lipid coat, and secreted proteases. Read More

Front Microbiol 2018 24;9:2564. Epub 2018 Oct 24.

Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.

Analyses of intracellular NADPH concentrations are prerequisites for the design of microbial production strains and process optimization. mBFP was described as metagenomics derived, blue fluorescent protein showing NADPH-dependent fluorescence. Characterization of mBFP showed a high specificity for binding of NADPH ( 0. Read More

Am J Health Syst Pharm 2018 Nov;75(22):1775-1782

Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Pharmacy, Rockford, IL.

Purpose: The clinical and microbiological data for urinary tract infections (UTIs) for 6 organisms detected by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) at community health systems were examined.

Summary: The use of precision microbiological diagnostic testing such as MALDI-TOF and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction has increased the ability to detect a wider spectrum of organisms. This has raised questions of the clinical relevance of infrequently encountered organisms, especially when cultured from urine. Read More

J Med Microbiol 2018 Dec 7;67(12):1796-1803. Epub 2018 Nov 7.

Naruto Research Institute, Research and Development Center, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc., Naruto, Tokushima, Japan.

Purpose: We assessed the fast-acting bactericidal activity and substantivity of olanexidine gluconate (OLG) to investigate its remaining bactericidal activity on the skin after rinsing and drying by using an ex vivo Yucatan micropig (YMP) skin model.

Methodology: The fast-acting bactericidal activity was evaluated in pigskin models inoculated with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Staphylococcus epidermidis, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VRE), Acinetobacter baumannii, Corynebacterium minutissimum and Cutibacterium acnes. To evaluate substantivity, the YMP skin piece first had 1. Read More

Plant Physiol 2018 Nov 5. Epub 2018 Nov 5.

Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH CITY: Juelich POSTAL_CODE: 52425 Germany [DE]

Edible berries are considered to be among nature's treasure chests as they contain a large number of (poly)phenols with potentially health-promoting properties. However, as berries contain complex (poly)phenol mixtures, it is challenging to associate any interesting pharmacological activity with a single compound. Thus, identification of pharmacologically interesting phenols requires systematic analyses of berry extracts. Read More

Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2018 Nov 2. Epub 2018 Nov 2.

Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.