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Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2019 Jan 15. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Divisions of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. Electronic address:

Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a rare but challenging complication of arthroplasty. Herein, we describe the epidemiology and microbiology of PJI, with a focus on analyzing differences between the microbiology of polymicrobial versus monomicrobial infection of hip, knee, and shoulder prostheses. In addition, we report the most frequent co-pathogens in polymicrobial infections, as detected by culture. Read More

BMC Microbiol 2019 Feb 1;19(1):28. Epub 2019 Feb 1.

Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, 85764, Oberschleissheim, Germany.

Background: Diphtheria toxin (DT) is produced by toxigenic strains of the human pathogen Corynebacterium diphtheriae as well as zoonotic C. ulcerans and C. pseudotuberculosis. Read More

Methods 2019 Jan 28. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address:

Serological assays detecting antibodies in serum or plasma samples are useful and versatile instruments to investigate an individual's infection and vaccination history, e.g. for clinical diagnosis, personal risk evaluation, and seroepidemiological studies. Read More

Infect Drug Resist 2019 4;12:161-171. Epub 2019 Jan 4.

Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea,

Purpose: This study investigated the clinical epidemiology, antimicrobial susceptibility, and molecular epidemiology of isolates.

Patients And Methods: An observational study was conducted at a university hospital in the Republic of Korea from August to December 2016. All subjects were patients who tested positive for clinically. Read More

J Small Anim Pract 2019 Jan 17. Epub 2019 Jan 17.

Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Unité de Médecine Interne, 94700 Maisons Alfort, France.

Objectives: To examine the clinical signs, laboratory findings, possible predisposing factors, antimicrobial sensitivity and outcomes of dogs and cats diagnosed with urinary tract infection caused by Corynebacterium urealyticum.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective, observational study of dogs and cats that were diagnosed with urinary tract infection caused by C. urealyticum. Read More

Patient Saf Surg 2019 10;13. Epub 2019 Jan 10.

Orthopaedic Professorship of the University Hospital Jena, Orthopaedic Department of the Waldkliniken Eisenberg, Eisenberg, Germany.

Purpose: Arthrofibrosis after total knee arthroplasty represents a considerable burden for the patient and a therapeutic challenge for the practitioner. One possible cause discussed in the literature is a low-grade infection. This hypothesis should be examined within the scope of this retrospective study. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2019 Jan 3. Epub 2019 Jan 3.

Research Coordinator, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands. Electronic address:

No consensus exists regarding which cleansing technique, solution, and concentration should be used in orthopedic surgery. The aim of this randomized, controlled trial was to compare the effect of chlorhexidine 0.5%/70% alcohol with iodine 1%/70% alcohol on lowering positive cultures before elective foot surgery and to study any wound complications, infections and allergic reactions. Read More

PLoS One 2018 26;13(12):e0209231. Epub 2018 Dec 26.

Tri-Institutional Training Program in Laboratory Animal Medicine and Science, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, and The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, United States of America.

Corynebacterium bovis is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen shown to cause eye and prosthetic joint infections as well as abscesses in humans, mastitis in dairy cattle, and skin disease in laboratory mice and rats. Little is known about the genetic characteristics and genomic diversity of C. bovis because only a single draft genome is available for the species. Read More

Nat Prod Res 2018 Dec 22:1-4. Epub 2018 Dec 22.

a Department of Health Sciences , Institute of Microbiology, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro , Italy.

In this study we determine the in vitro antimicrobial activities of Citrus bergamia distilled extract and compounds isolated from such extract against clinical MDR strains. The activity of these substances were tested using a broth microdilution assay, their MBC and their FBC to evaluate the nature of the interactions in tested components. Among Gram negative bacteria Enterobacter spp, Klebsiella spp and Pseudomonas spp exhibited the higher MBC values range (2. Read More

Pol J Microbiol 2018 ;67(4):431-440

Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University , Lublin , Poland.

Non-diphtherial corynebacteria are Gram-positive rods that cause opportunistic infections, what is supported by their ability to produce biofilm on artificial surfaces. In this study, the characteristic of the biofilm produced on vascular and urological catheters was determined using a confocal microscopy for the most frequently involved in infections diphtheroid species. They were represented by the reference strains of Corynebacterium striatum ATCC 6940 and C. Read More

Int J Biol Macromol 2019 Mar 7;125:459-468. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Multiuser Center for Biomolecular Innovation, Department of Physics, Instituto de Biociências Letras e Ciências Exatas (Ibilce), Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São Jose do Rio Preto, SP, 15054-000, Brazil. Electronic address:

Currently no effective treatment is available to combat infections caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis in livestock. Survival of this Gram-positive bacterium in rapidly-growing pathogens in hostile environments is strongly dependent on the existence of a robust DNA repair system to prevent DNA mutations and contribute to bacterial colonization and virulence. The adenine/guanine-specific DNA glycosylase (MutY) is evolutionarily conserved and has been well characterized due to its central role in the prevention of mutagenesis and DNA repair. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2018 Dec 5;18(1):628. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Background: When two or more vaccines are administered concurrently, there is concern about safety and immunogenicity from vaccine interaction.

Methods: Subjects aged ≥50 years were randomized 1:1:1 to receive tetanus-diphtheria (Td) + 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13; Group 1), PCV13 alone (Group 2), or Td alone (Group 3). After single or concomitant vaccination, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and opsonophagocytic assay (OPA) were performed to compare immunogenicity for Td and PCV13, respectively. Read More

Rev Saude Publica 2018 Nov 29;52:96. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Saúde Pública. Departamento de Epidemiologia. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.

The successful Programa Nacional de Imunizações do Brasil (Brazilian National Immunization Program) has been experiencing a major challenge with regard to vaccination coverage for children, which has been dropping. Several aspects are related, but certainly vaccine hesitancy has been strengthening itself as one of the main concerns of Brazilian public administrators and researchers. Vaccine hesitancy is the delay in acceptance or refusal despite having the recommended vaccines available in health services, being a phenomenon that varies over time, over location and over types of vaccines. Read More

BMC Genomics 2018 Dec 4;19(1):869. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Westmead Hospital, PO Box 533, Wentworthville, NSW, 2145, Australia.

Background: Corynebacterium diphtheriae is the main etiological agent of diphtheria, a global disease causing life-threatening infections, particularly in infants and children. Vaccination with diphtheria toxoid protects against infection with potent toxin producing strains. However a growing number of apparently non-toxigenic but potentially invasive C. Read More

J Med Microbiol 2019 Jan 22;68(1):105-110. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

2​Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Sporadic diphtheria cases in Malaysia have remained low in number since the 1990s. However, in 2016 a total of 31 cases were reported nationwide and to investigate this we performed molecular characterization of 30 Corynebacterium diphtheriae isolates collected from 1981 to 2016 using multilocus sequence typing (MLST). C. Read More

Breast J 2019 Jan 17;25(1):80-85. Epub 2018 Nov 17.

Department of Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.

Granulomatous mastitis is an uncommon inflammatory disease that typically presents with painful breast lesions. Recent publications have brought to light a specific subset of granulomatous mastitis patients with a distinct histological pattern of disease termed, "cystic neutrophilic granulomatous mastitis" (CNGM). Although many cases of granulomatous lobular mastitis have been thought to be idiopathic, this rare subset of an uncommon disease has been linked to infections with Corynebacterium species. Read More

JMM Case Rep 2018 Sep 6;5(9):e005149. Epub 2018 Apr 6.

Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Cátedra de Microbiología Clínica, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Introduction: is a Gram-stain-positive non-lipophilic coryneform rod first described in blood samples and pleural fluid. There is scarce information about the clinical relevance of and none on complicated urinary tract infections has been described so far.

Case Presentation: A 36-year-old woman with a history of chronic kidney failure, under thrice-weekly haemodialysis since 2014 due to polycystic kidney disease, presented with hypogastric pain, lower left quadrant pain and nausea. Read More

Am J Health Syst Pharm 2018 Nov;75(22):1775-1782

Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Pharmacy, Rockford, IL.

Purpose: The clinical and microbiological data for urinary tract infections (UTIs) for 6 organisms detected by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) at community health systems were examined.

Summary: The use of precision microbiological diagnostic testing such as MALDI-TOF and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction has increased the ability to detect a wider spectrum of organisms. This has raised questions of the clinical relevance of infrequently encountered organisms, especially when cultured from urine. Read More

J Med Microbiol 2018 Dec 7;67(12):1796-1803. Epub 2018 Nov 7.

Naruto Research Institute, Research and Development Center, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc., Naruto, Tokushima, Japan.

Purpose: We assessed the fast-acting bactericidal activity and substantivity of olanexidine gluconate (OLG) to investigate its remaining bactericidal activity on the skin after rinsing and drying by using an ex vivo Yucatan micropig (YMP) skin model.

Methodology: The fast-acting bactericidal activity was evaluated in pigskin models inoculated with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Staphylococcus epidermidis, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VRE), Acinetobacter baumannii, Corynebacterium minutissimum and Cutibacterium acnes. To evaluate substantivity, the YMP skin piece first had 1. Read More

BMC Res Notes 2018 Oct 25;11(1):760. Epub 2018 Oct 25.

Molecular Diagnostics and Protein Unit, Specialised Diagnostics Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur, 50588, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Objective: There is a lack of study in Corynebacterium diphtheriae isolates in Malaysia. The alarming surge of cases in year 2016 lead us to evaluate the local clinical C. diphtheriae strains in Malaysia. Read More

Malar J 2018 Oct 25;17(1):385. Epub 2018 Oct 25.

ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, Sector 8, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110077, India.

Background: The native gut microbiota of Anopheles mosquitoes is known to play a key role in the physiological function of its host. Interestingly, this microbiota can also influence the development of Plasmodium in its host mosquitoes. In recent years, much interest has been shown in the employment of gut symbionts derived from vectors in the control of vector-borne disease transmission. Read More

Cardiol Res 2018 Oct 7;9(5):314-317. Epub 2018 Oct 7.

International Emerging Infections Program ( IEIP), Thailand MOPH-US CDC, Collabolation, Nontaburi, Thailand.

Infective endocarditis due to non-toxigenic is uncommon. We describe the case of a 42-year-old male with a history of mitral valve replacement with prosthetic valve for 4 years. He presented with fever, weight loss, dyspnea on exertion and orthopnea. Read More

Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2018 09 20;162. Epub 2018 Sep 20.

Centrum Infectieziektebestrijding, RIVM, Bilthoven, Nederland.

Objective: To quantify the impact of long-standing vaccination programmes on notified cases in the Netherlands.

Design: Estimates based on model projections of historical morbidity data.

Method: We collected and digitised previously unavailable monthly case notifications of diphtheria, poliomyelitis, mumps and rubella in the Netherlands over the period 1919-2015. Read More

J Clin Microbiol 2018 Dec 27;56(12). Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

spp. are rarely considered pathogens, but data on spp. as a cause of orthopedic infections are sparse. Read More

Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018 Sep;98(36):2894-2898

Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolian Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China.

To clarify distribution and drug resistance characteristics of anaerobes isolated from clinical infectious samples, and to provide experimental data for guiding on treatment of infections caused by anaerobes. The anaerobes, isolated from 1 057 different clinical specimens from inpatients admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University from March 2016 to November 2017, were identified by VITEK-2 anaerobes and corynebacterium (ANC) card and bacteroides fragilis isolates were further verified by 16S-rRNA sequencing. Meanwhile, broth dilution method was employed to detect the drug sensititities of and PCR method was used to detect the carbapenem resistance gene cfiA. Read More

Euro Surveill 2018 Sep;23(39)

Field Epidemiology Service, Public Health England, Cambridge, United Kingdom.

In early 2017, a United Kingdom (UK)-born person in their 20s presented with a skin ulcer on the foot 3 weeks after returning from Ghana. The patient had last received a diphtheria-containing vaccine in 2013, completing the recommended course. MALDI-TOF of a cutaneous swab identified . Read More

Biomater Res 2018 21;22:23. Epub 2018 Sep 21.

4Department of Ilmul Advia (Unani Pharmacy), Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002 India.

Background: Biogenic fabrication of silver nanoparticles from naturally occurring biomaterials provides an alternative, eco-friendly and cost-effective means of obtaining nanoparticles. It is a favourite pursuit of all scientists and has gained popularity because it prevents the environment from pollution. Our main objective to take up this project is to fabricate silver nanoparticles from lichen, and explore their properties. Read More

Vet Dermatol 2018 Dec 24;29(6):465-e158. Epub 2018 Sep 24.

Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, 4467 TAMU, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.

Background: The pathogenesis and treatment of cutaneous malodour in dogs have not been investigated previously. Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium spp. are associated with human axillary malodour. Read More

J Biochem 2019 Jan;165(1):1-8

Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.

The protein translation elongation factor eEF2 undergoes a unique posttranslational modification called diphthamidation. eEF2 is an essential factor in protein translation, and the diphthamide modification has been a famous target of the diphtheria toxin for a long time. On the other hand, the physiological function of this rare modification in vivo remains unknown. Read More

Otol Neurotol 2018 Oct;39(9):e837-e842

Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire.

Objective: Ciprofloxacin resistance has been reported in 4.5% of patients with otorrhea and is increasing in prevalence. Due to ototoxicity, only fluoroquinolones are Food and Drug Administration approved for topical therapy in the middle ear. Read More

Vaccine 2018 10 7;36(42):6325-6333. Epub 2018 Sep 7.

GSK, 20 Avenue Fleming, 1300 Wavre, Belgium. Electronic address:

Background: Over the last decades, pertussis showed periodic increases in its incidence among adults, despite being a vaccine-preventable disease.

Methods: This phase III, multicenter, extension study (NCT00489970) was conducted in adults from the United States, followed at Year (Y) 5 and Y9 post-vaccination with a dose of reduced-antigen-content tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis vaccine containing either 3 (Tdap-B group) or 5 pertussis components (Tdap-A group). Willing participants in Tdap groups and newly-recruited participants (Control group) received one Tdap-B dose at Y9. Read More

BMC Microbiol 2018 09 4;18(1):106. Epub 2018 Sep 4.

Microbiology Division, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.

Background: Corynebacterium diphtheriae is the etiologic agent of diphtheria and different systemic infections. The bacterium has been classically described as an extracellular pathogen. However, a number of studies revealed its ability to invade epithelial cells, indicating a more complex pathogen-host interaction. Read More

Front Microbiol 2018 17;9:1743. Epub 2018 Aug 17.

Institute of Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland.

is the etiological agent of diphtheria, a disease caused by the presence of the diphtheria toxin. However, an increasing number of records report non-toxigenic infections. Here, a strain was recovered from a patient with a past history of bronchiectasis who developed a severe tracheo-bronchitis with multiple whitish lesions of the distal trachea and the mainstem bronchi. Read More

J Comp Pathol 2018 May 1;161:11-19. Epub 2018 Jun 1.

Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Valle d'Aosta Department, National Reference Centre for Wildlife Diseases, Regione Amerique 7G, Quart, Italy.

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is the causative agent of caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) in domestic and wild ruminants. Here we describe CLA in alpine chamois (Rupicapra r. rupicapra) based on a series of 98 cases of C. Read More

J Dairy Sci 2018 Nov 29;101(11):10191-10205. Epub 2018 Aug 29.

Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3T 2N2; Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. Electronic address:

Antimicrobial dry cow therapy (DCT) is an important component of mastitis control programs aimed to eliminate existing intramammary infections and prevent the development of new ones during the dry period. However, to what extent the microbiota profiles of different niches of the udder change during the dry period and following administration of DCT remains poorly understood. Therefore, the main objective of the present study was to qualitatively evaluate dynamics of the microbiota of teat canal (TC) and mammary secretions (i. Read More

Rev Sci Tech 2017 Dec;36(3):965-970

Equatorial Guinea (EG) is a country in Central Africa with typical tropical weather. Sheep are an important source of food in EG, but the absence of information regarding infectious diseases that affect the native flocks of small ruminants is a concern. The country is currently implementing several new practices in the sheep industry associated with the importation of sheep from other countries. Read More

Pediatr Infect Dis J 2018 Nov;37(11):1176-1183

Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Ann and Robert Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL.

Background: Nasopharyngeal colonization precedes infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. A more detailed understanding of interactions between S. pneumoniae and the nasopharyngeal microbiota of children could inform strategies to prevent pneumococcal infections. Read More

Vaccine 2018 09 14;36(38):5685-5691. Epub 2018 Aug 14.

Third Department of Paediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, General University Hospital "ATTIKON", Athens, Greece. Electronic address:

Background: Pneumococcus is a common cause of invasive and non-invasive infections in children. In areas with high vaccination coverage, universal infant vaccination with conjugated pneumococcal vaccine (PCV) has significantly decreased the incidence of vaccine type nasopharyngeal carriage and invasive pneumococcal disease. The aim of this study is to examine immunization coverage rate and timely administration of the recently introduced PCV and compare to the established diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis vaccine (DTaP) with similar schedule. Read More

J Glaucoma 2018 Oct;27(10):e174-e176

Departments of Ophthalmology.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to report a rare case of posttrabeculectomy bleb-related infection associated with Corynebaterium macginleyi, a rare conjunctival pathogen.

Methods: Case description including clinical imaging and microbiology data, and literature review of Corynebacterium macginleyi-related infections.

Results: A 60-year-old glaucomatous female patient presented with a bleb-related infection 6 years after trabeculectomy in her right eye, suggestive of blebitis. Read More

Isr Med Assoc J 2018 Jul;20(7):433-437

Department of Infectious Diseases, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel.

Background: Skin colonization of microorganisms in blood cultures (BCs) are generally considered clinically non-significant and can be the source of a true infection, particularly in immunosuppressed patients.

Objectives: To study the epidemiology and risk factors for bacteremia caused by contaminants.

Methods: This retrospective, descriptive study is based on adult BCs collected (2004-2013) and categorized as positive (True bacteremia [TrueB] or contamination) or negative. Read More

Braz J Infect Dis 2018 Jul - Aug;22(4):347-351. Epub 2018 Aug 11.

Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Laboratório de Difteria e Corynebacteria de Relevância Clínica, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Ministério da Saúde, Fundação Nacional de Saúde, Centro de Referência e Pesquisa em Difteria, Brasília, DF, Brazil.

Bloodstream and venous catheter-related corynebacterial infections in paediatric patients with haematological cancer were investigated from January 2003 to December 2014 at the Brazilian National Cancer Institute in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. We observed that during cancer treatment, invasive corynebacterial infections occurred independent of certain factors, such as age and gender, underlying diseases and neutropenia. These infections were ssscaused by Corynebacterium amycolatum and other non-diphtherial corynebacteria. Read More

J Dairy Sci 2018 Oct 9;101(10):9430-9438. Epub 2018 Aug 9.

Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF), a culture-dependent assay, has recently been implemented for routine identification of non-aureus staphylococci (NAS) species from milk, but the assay has never been investigated for NAS from nonmilk or environmental samples. The objective of this study was to evaluate the typeability of the MALDI-TOF assay for the identification and differentiation of bovine-associated NAS species on aseptically collected quarter milk and teat skin samples in dairy herds. In 8 herds, 14 to 20 cows with elevated somatic cell count were randomly selected for teat skin swabs and foremilk samples from right hind and left front quarters. Read More

Gene 2018 Nov 8;677:349-360. Epub 2018 Aug 8.

Laboratory of Genomic and Bioinformatics, Center of Genomics and System Biology, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Para, Belém, Pará, Brazil, Rua Augusto Corrêa, Belém 66.075-110, Brazil. Electronic address:

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis has been widely studied in an effort to understand its biological evolution. Transcriptomics has revealed possible candidates for virulence and pathogenicity factors of strain 1002 (biovar Ovis). Because C. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 08 9;8:CD010720. Epub 2018 Aug 9.

Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College Cork, 4th Floor, Western Gateway Building, Western Road, Cork, Ireland.

Background: This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in 2015. The conclusions have not changed.Hypodermic needles of different sizes (gauges and lengths) can be used for vaccination procedures. Read More

mSphere 2018 08 8;3(4). Epub 2018 Aug 8.

Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences & Systems Biology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA

Daptomycin, a last-line-of-defense antibiotic for treating Gram-positive infections, is experiencing clinical failure against important infectious agents, including The recent transition of daptomycin to generic status is projected to dramatically increase availability, use, and clinical failure. Here we confirm the genetic mechanism of high-level daptomycin resistance (HLDR; MIC = >256 µg/ml) in , which evolved within a patient during daptomycin therapy, a phenotype recapitulated In all 8 independent cases tested, loss-of-function mutations in phosphatidylglycerol synthase () were necessary and sufficient for high-level daptomycin resistance. Through lipidomic and biochemical analysis, we demonstrate that daptomycin's activity is dependent on the membrane phosphatidylglycerol (PG) concentration. Read More

Vaccine 2018 09 4;36(37):5609-5616. Epub 2018 Aug 4.

Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address:

Background: Pertussis cases have increased worldwide and knowledge on immune response and cytokine profile after Tdap vaccine in immunodeficient adolescents is scarce.

Objective: To evaluate the immune response after Tdap in HIV-infected (HIV) and in healthy adolescents (CONTROL).

Methodology: Thirty HIV adolescents with CD4 cell counts >200 and 30 CONTROLs were immunized with Tdap, after a prior whole-cell DTP vaccine primary scheme. Read More

Sci Rep 2018 Jul 30;8(1):11411. Epub 2018 Jul 30.

University of Virginia, School of Medicine, P.O. Box 800386, Barringer Building, Room 4441, Hospital Drive, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.

The role of nasal and fecal microbiota in viral respiratory infections has not been established. We collected nasal swabs and washes, and fecal samples in a clinical study assessing the effect of probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bl-04 on experimental rhinovirus infection. Read More

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2018 Sep 22;37(9):1725-1733. Epub 2018 Jul 22.

Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Bd Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.

The nasopharynx is the primary site of colonization by respiratory pathogen that constitutes the port of entrance in the respiratory tract. The role of mucosal respiratory microbiota in infection has been recently emphasized; therefore, we aimed to assess if a specific respiratory microbiota profile was associated with symptomatic infection and/or with presence of respiratory viruses. We performed a case-control study to characterize the healthy respiratory microbiota and its alteration during acute viral infections. Read More

J Bone Jt Infect 2018 11;3(3):123-129. Epub 2018 Jun 11.

Consultant Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgeon, Northumbria Specialist Emergency Healthcare Centre, Northumbrian Road, Cramlington, NE23 6NZ, United Kingdom.

The incidence of fractured neck of femur (FNOF) is increasing yearly. Many of these patients undergo hip hemiarthroplasty. High dose dual-antibiotic cement (HDDAC) has been shown to reduce rates of deep surgical site infection (SSI) when compared to the current standard low dose single-antibiotic cement (LDSAC) in a quasi-randomised controlled trial. Read More

New Microbes New Infect 2018 Sep 25;25:7-13. Epub 2018 May 25.

Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, England, UK.

is an important zoonotic pathogen which is causing diphtheria-like disease in humans globally. In this study, the genomes of three recently isolated strains, 4940, 2590 and BR-AD 2649, respectively from an asymptomatic carrier, a patient with pharyngitis and a canine host, were sequenced to investigate their virulence potential. A comparative analysis was performed including the published genome sequences of 16 other isolates. Read More