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Med Mycol 2022 Jun 24. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

The University of Toronto, Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Toronto, Canada.

Fungal keratitis is a devastating and difficult-to-treat ocular infection with high morbidity. Understanding geographic microbiological and clinical trends helps to guide rapid and effective treatment. We therefore report the characteristics and outcomes of fungal keratitis in Toronto, Canada over a twenty-year period. Read More

Diagnostics (Basel) 2022 May 28;12(6). Epub 2022 May 28.

Biomedical Systems and Medical Informatics Engineering, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan.

A corneal ulcer is an open sore that forms on the cornea; it is usually caused by an infection or injury and can result in ocular morbidity. Early detection and discrimination between different ulcer diseases reduces the chances of visual disability. Traditional clinical methods that use slit-lamp images can be tiresome, expensive, and time-consuming. Read More

Vet Ophthalmol 2022 Jun 21. Epub 2022 Jun 21.

College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Korea.

A fledgling feral pigeon with systemic protozoal infection was referred with corneal protrusion in the right eye after being treated for a corneal ulcer for 12 days. Ophthalmic examination revealed a corneal bulla covering almost the entire central cornea and preventing the eyelids from closing. Gelatinous corneal stroma with numerous heterophils surrounding the corneal bulla was also detected on cytologic examination. Read More

Eye Contact Lens 2022 Jul 3;48(7):303-305. Epub 2022 Jun 3.

Department of Ophthalmology (D.N., S.S.M.F.), University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and Department of Ophthalmology (D.N.), Banphaeo General Hospital, Samut Sakhon, Thailand.

Abstract: A 4-year-old boy presented with right neurotrophic corneal ulcer, lagophthalmos, and facial palsy 8 months after neurosurgery for synchronous brain tumors. Initial treatment with topical antibiotics, topical corticosteroids, lubrication, and lateral tarsorrhaphy successfully treated the corneal epithelial defect; however, the cornea continued to demonstrate diffuse epitheliopathy and a dense stromal opacity and remained insensate on Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometry. After a course of topical cenegermin, central corneal sensation normalized, and the corneal epitheliopathy was markedly improved. Read More

Vet Ophthalmol 2022 Jun 17. Epub 2022 Jun 17.

Dick White Referrals, Six Mile Bottom, Cambridgeshire, UK.

Objective: To assess in vitro antibacterial efficacy of three cross-linking (XL) protocols on bacteria associated with canine ulcerative keratitis.

Methods: Three XL protocols: UVA 3 mW/cm for 60 min, UVA 3 mW/cm for 30 min, and UVA 30 mW/cm for 3 min with and without application of riboflavin and a riboflavin-only protocol were performed in vitro on the four most common bacterial genera isolated from cases of canine ulcerative keratitis treated at Dick White Referrals, UK. Zones of bacterial growth inhibition (GIZ) associated with treatment were measured and compared. Read More

Front Med (Lausanne) 2022 30;9:920688. Epub 2022 May 30.

Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ophthalmology Clinic, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.

Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence, clinical ocular presentation and corneal healing in moderate and severe neurotrophic keratopathy (NK) caused by systemic diseases and treated with rh-NGF.

Setting: Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Ophthalmology Clinic, University of Messina, Italy.

Design: Retrospective observational study of case series. Read More

Eye Contact Lens 2022 Jun;48(6):272-275

Departments of Ophthalmology (P.K.M., G.S., S.N., R.P.V., R.N., R.S., T.A., N.S., J.S.T.), and Ocular Microbiology (N.H.), Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Purpose: To report the clinical profile and treatment outcomes of patients with culture-positive Acremonium keratitis.

Methods: This is a retrospective observational study. Medical records of all patients treated in a tertiary eye hospital for culture positive infective keratitis from March 2016 to February 2021 were screened, of which those positive for Acremonium species on fungal culture were reviewed. Read More

Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2022 Jun;58(6):461-466

The Ophthalmology Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.

Keratopathy is one of the most important blinding eye diseases in the world. Corneal opacity caused by keratopathy can seriously damage visual function. For example, corneal ulcer can lead to perforation and even loss of the eyeball. Read More

Exp Eye Res 2022 Jun 7;221:109127. Epub 2022 Jun 7.

Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.

One of the most prevalent eye disorders is dry eye disease (DED), described by ocular dryness due to the tear insufficiency. Prolonged dry eye causes damage and ulcer to the surface of the cornea. The core of the DED mechanism is inflammation which is a biological response of the body to pathogens. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2022 Jun;70(6):1990-1996

Department of Medical Microbiology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.

Purpose: To study the clinical presentation, mycological profile, and risk factors of fungal keratitis (FK) cases presenting at two tertiary-care centers, one each at North (Chandigarh) and Northeast (Assam) India, and to compare the spectrum of fungi recovered from the clinical and environmental samples at both locations.

Methods: All patients with suspected FK were enrolled from both the centers between January 2018 and December 2019. Corneal samples were collected and processed as per standard laboratory protocols. Read More

World J Clin Cases 2022 Apr;10(12):3923-3929

Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan.

Background: () is an opportunistic pathogen that can lead to severe ocular infections. In previous reports, penetrating keratoplasty (PK) was usually adopted for the treatment of persistent corneal ulcers. This report describes an unusual case of nonhealing descemetocele caused by treated by antibiotics plus amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT). Read More

Front Med (Lausanne) 2022 13;9:896393. Epub 2022 May 13.

Eye Institute and Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.

Background: Trichilemmal carcinoma (TLC) is a rare malignant adnexal tumor most commonly found in the elderly, usually affecting the scalp, eyelids, neck and face. Here, we first reported a rare case of corneal perforation caused by eyelid margin TLC.

Case Presentation: A 68-year-old female presented with 2 months history of unprovoked redness, pain and blurred vision in the left eye. Read More

BMC Vet Res 2022 May 30;18(1):209. Epub 2022 May 30.

Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the efficiency of topically applied pycnogenol (PYC) in healing the standardized alkaline corneal ulcer in diabetic and normal rats.

Materials And Methods: The corneal alkali-burn injury (CA-I) model was unilaterally developed in Wistar rats by filter paper saturated with 0.01 M of NaOH and touching the eyes for 45 s. Read More

Pathogens 2022 Apr 29;11(5). Epub 2022 Apr 29.

Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan.

: Corneal infection of is uncommon and usually limited to the anterior stroma. However, we observed a case of corneal stromal perforation caused by this fungus under a compromised condition. : A 73-year-old woman consulted us with a severe corneal ulceration. Read More

Medicina (Kaunas) 2022 May 13;58(5). Epub 2022 May 13.

Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44037 Kaunas, Lithuania.

Neurotrophic keratitis is a rare degenerative disease of the cornea that can lead to corneal ulceration, scarring, and significant visual impairment. It most commonly occurs in adults and is rarely diagnosed in children. Congenital corneal anesthesia is an extremely rare condition that requires appropriate ophthalmologists' attention in making diagnosis and treatment decisions. Read More

Case Rep Ophthalmol 2022 Jan-Apr;13(1):191-195. Epub 2022 Mar 17.

Department of Ophthalmology, Cipto Mangunkusomo - Kirana Hospital, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.

A 5-year-old girl had a 2-week history of protruding bilateral eye with blurred vision. The patient had a history of low-grade fever. Bilateral proptosis with a markedly severe protrusion of the conjunctival palpebral and infraorbital tissues was observed. Read More

J Korean Med Sci 2022 May 23;37(20):e165. Epub 2022 May 23.

Department of Ophthalmology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea.

There are several reports that herpes zoster characterized by reactivation of varicella zoster virus (VZV) following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines can occur. Herein, we report VZV meningitis, herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO), and late neurotrophic keratitis after receiving a second dose of messenger RNA (mRNA) COVID-19 vaccine. A 74-year-old man developed a vesicular skin rash on the forehead, scalp, nose, and left upper eyelid with a severe headache. Read More

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2022 May 23. Epub 2022 May 23.

Orbital, Plastic and Lacrimal Unit, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Purpose: To determine the frequency and significance of corneal complications at presentation of involutional entropion in an Australian population. Patient demographics and duration of symptoms were collated to assess how these factors related to presentations.

Methods: Case records were retrospectively interrogated at an Oculoplastic Ophthalmology practice over a 15-year period to identify patients with lower eyelid involutional entropion. Read More

Cornea 2022 May 13. Epub 2022 May 13.

Cornea and Anterior Segment Service, The Cornea Institute, LV Prasad Eye Institute, GMR Varalakshmi Campus, Visakhapatnam, India; and.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to report the clinical features, risk factors, antibiotic susceptibility, and treatment outcomes in a series of Enterobacter cloacae keratitis.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed of the electronic medical records of microbial keratitis caused by E. cloacae identified by the Vitek 2 system (BioMerieux, Craponne, France). Read More

Eye Contact Lens 2022 Jul 17;48(7):283-288. Epub 2022 May 17.

Department of Ophthalmology (Y.L., C.M.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Ophthalmology (J.M.), University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; and Faculty of Medicine (Y.L., C.M.), University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.

Objective: Peripheral ulcerative keratitis (PUK) can cause significant ocular morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to review the effects of systemic immunosuppression on visual outcomes.

Methods: A state-wide, retrospective case series based in Queensland, Australia, was performed. Read More

Front Med (Lausanne) 2022 27;9:836873. Epub 2022 Apr 27.

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

Purpose: To provide a perspective and surgical video demonstration of peripheral corneal ulceration and perforation managed with multilayered amniotic membrane transplantation.

Case Reports: Case 1 describes a 48-year-old female with progressive redness and pain, and an inferonasal corneal thinning and perforation in the left eye from peripheral ulcerative keratitis. She underwent conjunctival recession with amniotic membrane inlay and onlay (Sandwich technique) transplantation. Read More

J Infect Dev Ctries 2022 04 30;16(4):729-732. Epub 2022 Apr 30.

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Serbia.

Fungal keratitis, an infective disease of the cornea, represents a serious diagnostic and therapeutic problem that, if not recognized on time, could lead to irreversible eye damage. Herein we report a case of fungal keratitis due to Fusarium spp. infection. Read More

Rom J Ophthalmol 2022 Jan-Mar;66(1):69-74

Ophthalmology Policlinic Anda, Zagreb, Croatia.

Treating fungal keratitis is always a challenge due to limited antifungal medication, their poor penetration, and often, the delay in diagnosis. The purpose of this study is to present new routes of medication delivery, such as intrastromal application for advanced cases not responding to topical therapy. A 60-year-old female presented with fungal keratitis, complaining of decreased vision, redness in her left eye followed by frequent pain, which got worse a few days prior. Read More

Sci Rep 2022 05 5;12(1):7331. Epub 2022 May 5.

Department of Ophthalmology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Korea.

This study sought to describe the use of deep-frozen donor corneal remnants preserved after keratoplasty procedures for therapeutic or tectonic keratoplasty without subsequent optical keratoplasty. This single-center retrospective consecutive case series analyzed the electronic medical records of patients who had undergone therapeutic or tectonic keratoplasty using deep-frozen donor remains preserved in Optisol-GS, for the past 11 years at Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center. Fifty-five surgical cases in 46 patients were included. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2022 05;70(5):1578-1581

Department of Cornea, Ruby Eye Hospital, Berhampur, Odisha, India.

Purpose: To report a new entity called "toxic non-inflammatory fungal keratitis."

Methods: Eyes manifesting infective keratitis with a history of prior administration of topical steroids were included in the study. The details pertaining to the type of injury, duration of injury, and primary treatment for corneal trauma were meticulously documented. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2022 05;70(5):1571-1577

Department of Ophthalmology, Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Government M. D. Eye Hospital, Prayagraj (Allahabad), Uttar Pradesh, India.

Purpose: To assess Photo Activated Chromophore for Infective Keratitis-Cross Linking (PACK-CXL) and its efficacy as a treatment modality in managing microbial keratitis.

Methods: Single Centre prospective interventional study in infectious keratitis. A total of eleven patients were taken who had corneal thickness (CT) more than 400μm. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2022 05;70(5):1475-1490

Cornea, Lens and Refractive Surgery Services, Dr. R. P. Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute for Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Infectious keratitis is a medical emergency resulting in significant visual morbidity. Indiscriminate use of antimicrobials leading to the emergence of resistant or refractory microorganisms has further worsened the prognosis. Coexisting ocular surface diseases, delay in diagnosis due to inadequate microbiological sample, a slow-growing/virulent organism, or systemic immunosuppressive state all contribute to the refractory response of the ulcer. Read More

Ocul Surf 2022 Apr 27;25:40-48. Epub 2022 Apr 27.

Department of Ophthalmology, Duke Eye Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA. Electronic address:

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and safety of plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) eyedrops in the management of patients with ocular surface diseases in North America.

Methods: Multicenter interventional case series of patients using PRGF eyedrops for the first time. A cohort of patients was analyzed for corneal staining score at initial visit and at 3 months of therapy with PRGF. Read More

Turk J Ophthalmol 2022 04;52(2):75-85

Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Adana, Turkey

Objectives: To present the demographic, etiological, clinical, and mycological characteristics and treatment results of fungal keratitis patients admitted to our clinic.

Materials And Methods: The medical records of patients diagnosed with fungal keratitis between October 2012 and 2018 were reviewed. The diagnosis of fungal keratitis was confirmed mycologically and/or cytologically. Read More