Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

J Sci Med Sport 2021 Apr 24. Epub 2021 Apr 24.

Department of Life Sciences, University of Roehampton, United Kingdom. Electronic address:

Objectives: To investigate the effects of pre- and per-cooling interventions on subsequent 15-min time-trial (TT) cycling performance in the heat.

Design: Randomized cross-over design.

Methods: Nine male athletes completed four experimental trials in the heat (40 °C, 50% rh): no-cooling (CON); warm-up per-cooling (PER: neck-cooling collar applied during the preload); pre-cooling (PRE: 30 min of cold water (22 °C) immersion [CWI]); and pre- and per-cooling combined (PRE + PER). Read More

Int J Hyperthermia 2021 ;38(1):679-690

Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.

Purpose: Magnetic resonance guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) treatment of tumors uses inter-sonication delays to allow heat to dissipate from the skin and other near-field tissues. Despite inter-sonication delays, treatment of tumors close to the skin risks skin burns. This work has designed and evaluated an open-source, conformable, skin-cooling system for body MRgFUS treatments to reduce skin burns and enable ablation closer to the skin. Read More

Front Physiol 2021 1;12:636997. Epub 2021 Apr 1.

Human Physiology and Sports Physiotherapy Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.

In individuals with a spinal cord injury thermoregulatory mechanisms are fully or partially interrupted. This could lead to exercise-induced hyperthermia in temperate conditions which can be even more distinct in hot conditions. Hyperthermia has been suggested to impair physiological mechanisms in athletes, which could negatively influence physical performance and subjective well-being or cause mild to severe health issues. Read More

Physiol Rev 2021 Apr 8. Epub 2021 Apr 8.

Human Movement Sciences, VU Amsterdam, Netherlands.

A rise in body core temperature and loss of body water via sweating are natural consequences of prolonged exercise in the heat. This review provides a comprehensive and integrative overview of how the human body responds to exercise under heat stress and the countermeasures that can be adopted to enhance aerobic performance under such environmental conditions. The fundamental concepts and physiological processes associated with thermoregulation and fluid balance are initially described, followed by a summary of methods to determine thermal strain and hydration status. Read More

J Sports Sci Med 2021 03 1;20(1):26-34. Epub 2021 Mar 1.

Exercise Biological Center, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China.

We investigated whether single or combined methods of pre-cooling could affect high-intensity exercise performance in a hot environment. Seven male athletes were subjected to four experimental conditions for 30 min in a randomised order. The four experimental conditions were: 1) wearing a vest cooled to a temperature of 4 ℃ (Vest), 2) consuming a beverage cooled to a temperature of 4 ℃ (Beverage), 3) simultaneous usage of vest and consumption of beverage (Mix), and 4) the control trial without pre-cooling (CON). Read More

BMC Surg 2021 Mar 5;21(1):112. Epub 2021 Mar 5.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, #37 Guo-Xue-Xiang, 610041, Chengdu, China.

Background: Neuroblastoma is the most common malignant extracranial solid tumor in pediatrics patients. Intraoperative hyperthermia is extremely rare in patients with neuroblastoma and can cause a series of complications. Here, we represent a case of neuroblastoma accompanied by hyperthermia during anesthesia, and propose a rational explanation and management options. Read More

Acute Med Surg 2021 Jan-Dec;8(1):e635. Epub 2021 Feb 19.

Department of Emergency Medicine Teikyo University Tokyo Japan.

Background: Heat stroke treatment focuses on rapid cooling because symptom severity correlates with the duration of hyperthermia (i.e., time during which the core body temperature is sustained above the critical threshold). Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2021 Feb 26;13(5). Epub 2021 Feb 26.

Department of Radiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the clinical setting for deep regional hyperthermia of an 8 MHz radiofrequency (RF) capacitively coupled device in the pelvis by using numerical simulations of the electromagnetic field. A three-dimensional patient model of cervical cancer of the uterus in an obese patient was reconstructed with computed tomography data. The specific absorption rate (SAR) and temperature distributions among the various heating settings were evaluated using numerical simulations. Read More

J Athl Train 2021 Feb 4. Epub 2021 Feb 4.

Hydration, Environment, and Thermal Stress Lab, Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro.

Context: Cold-water immersion (CWI) may not be feasible in some remote settings, prompting the identification of alternative cooling methods as adjunct treatment modalities for exertional heat stroke (EHS).

Objective: To determine the differences in cooling capacities between CWI and the inspiration of cooled air.

Design: Randomized controlled clinical trial. Read More

MedEdPORTAL 2021 01 29;17:11092. Epub 2021 Jan 29.

Director of Cook County Simulation Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Cook County Health; Co-Executive Director, Rush Center for Clinical Skills and Simulation.

Introduction: MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) is a popular drug of abuse associated with a variety of clinical manifestations. There are a number of life-threatening sequelae, including, but not limited to, agitated delirium, cardiac dysrhythmias, and hyperthermia. Similar to other substances that cause sympathomimetic toxidromes, MDMA also induces a syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion-like state resulting in hyponatremia. Read More

Int J Hyperthermia 2021 ;38(1):95-104

Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.

Purpose: Computer simulations of hepatic radio-frequency ablation (RFA) were performed to: () determine the dependence of the vessel wall heat transfer coefficient on geometrical parameters; () study the conditions required for the occurrence of the directional effect of blood; and () classify blood vessels according to their effect on the thermal lesion while considering blood coagulation. The information thus obtained supports the development of a multi-scale bio-heat model tailored for more accurate prediction of hepatic RFA outcomes in the vicinity of blood vessels.

Materials And Methods: The simulation geometry consisted of healthy tissue, tumor tissue, a mono-polar RF-needle, and a single cylindrical blood vessel. Read More

Int J Hyperthermia 2021 ;38(1):13-21

State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.

Magnetic hydrogels (MHGs) have been proposed to avoid the redistribution and loss of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) when administrated by intratumoral injection. However, the requirement of complex cooling systems and temperature monitoring systems still hinder the clinical application of MHGs. This study investigates the feasibility of developing an MHG to realize the self-regulation of hyperthermia temperature. Read More

Medicina (Kaunas) 2020 Nov 5;56(11). Epub 2020 Nov 5.

Korey Stringer Institute, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-1110, USA.

The purpose of this systematic review is to synthesize the influence cooling modality has on survival with and without medical complications from exertional heat stroke (EHS) in sport and military populations. All peer-reviewed case reports or series involving EHS patients were searched in the following online databases: PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, Medline, CINAHL, Academic Search Premier, and the Cochrane Library: Central Registry of Clinical Trials. Cooling methods were subdivided into "adequate" (>0. Read More

Sensors (Basel) 2020 Oct 31;20(21). Epub 2020 Oct 31.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Electric permeabilization of cell membranes is the main mechanism of irreversible electroporation (IRE), an ablation technique for treatment of unresectable cancers, but the pulses also induce a significant temperature increase in the treated volume. To investigate the therapeutically thermal contribution, a preclinical setup is required to apply IRE at desired temperatures while maintaining stable temperatures. This study's aim was to develop and test an electroporation device capable of maintaining a pre-specified stable and spatially homogeneous temperatures and electric field in a tumor cell suspension for several clinical-IRE-settings. Read More

Resuscitation 2020 Nov 21;156:A240-A282. Epub 2020 Oct 21.

This is the summary publication of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation's 2020 International Consensus on First Aid Science With Treatment Recommendations. It addresses the most recent published evidence reviewed by the First Aid Task Force science experts. This summary addresses the topics of first aid methods of glucose administration for hypoglycemia; techniques for cooling of exertional hyperthermia and heatstroke; recognition of acute stroke; the use of supplementary oxygen in acute stroke; early or first aid use of aspirin for chest pain; control of life- threatening bleeding through the use of tourniquets, haemostatic dressings, direct pressure, or pressure devices; the use of a compression wrap for closed extremity joint injuries; and temporary storage of an avulsed tooth. Read More

Circulation 2020 Oct 21;142(16_suppl_1):S284-S334. Epub 2020 Oct 21.

This is the summary publication of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation's . It addresses the most recent published evidence reviewed by the First Aid Task Force science experts. This summary addresses the topics of first aid methods of glucose administration for hypoglycemia; techniques for cooling of exertional hyperthermia and heatstroke; recognition of acute stroke; the use of supplementary oxygen in acute stroke; early or first aid use of aspirin for chest pain; control of life-threatening bleeding through the use of tourniquets, hemostatic dressings, direct pressure, or pressure devices; the use of a compression wrap for closed extremity joint injuries; and temporary storage of an avulsed tooth. Read More

Medicina (Kaunas) 2020 Oct 14;56(10). Epub 2020 Oct 14.

Korey Stringer Institute, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.

Exertional heat stroke (EHS) is a potentially lethal, hyperthermic condition that warrants immediate cooling to optimize the patient outcome. The study aimed to examine if a portable cooling vest meets the established cooling criteria (0.15 °C·min or greater) for EHS treatment. Read More

Biomed Phys Eng Express 2020 01 27;6(1). Epub 2019 Nov 27.

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to design and characterize a 2.45 GHz microwave hyperthermia applicator for delivering hyperthermia in experimental small animals to 2 - 4 mm diameter targets located 1 - 3 mm from the skin surface, with minimal heating of the surrounding tissue, under 14.1 T MRI real-time monitoring and feedback control. Read More

iScience 2020 Oct 14;23(10):101561. Epub 2020 Sep 14.

Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, CRMBM, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France.

Control of temperature variation is of primordial importance in particular areas of biomedicine. In this context, medical treatments such as hyperthermia and cryotherapy, and also the development and use of hydrogel-based biomaterials, are of particular concern. To enable accurate temperature measurement without perturbing or even destroying the biological tissue or material to be monitored, contactless thermometry methods are preferred. Read More

Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2020 Dec 8;197:105698. Epub 2020 Aug 8.

Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, 15 Pardis St., Tehran 1991943344, Iran. Electronic address:

Background And Objectives: High intensity focused ultrasound is an emerging non-invasive technique for the thermal ablation of cancer. Modeling of high intensity focused ultrasound as a method to induce hyperthermia, by considering non-equilibrium convective heat transfer has been under-represented in the previous studies. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to study the effect of blood vessels during high intensity focused ultrasound ablation of thyroid cancer. Read More

Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med 2020 08 5;28(1):76. Epub 2020 Aug 5.

SAMU de Paris, Hôpital Universitaire Necker - Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, AP-HP, 149 rue de Sèvres, 75015, Paris, France.

Therapeutic controlled cooling is routinely practiced on neonates with core temperatures of 33-34 °C attained during cooling for birth related hypoxic-ischaemia encephalopathy (HIE). Rewarming after therapeutic cooling in clinical trials for HIE takes place at 0.25-0. Read More

ACS Omega 2020 Jul 17;5(29):18091-18104. Epub 2020 Jul 17.

School of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.

In the quest for optimal heat dissipaters for magnetic fluid hyperthermia applications, monodisperse M Fe O (M = Fe, Mg, Zn) spinel nanoferrites were successfully synthesized through a modified organic-phase hydrothermal route. The chemical composition effect on the size, crystallinity, saturation magnetization, magnetic anisotropy, and heating potential of prepared nanoferrites were assessed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) techniques. TEM revealed that a particle diameter between 6 and 14 nm could be controlled by varying the surfactant ratio and doping ions. Read More

J Therm Biol 2020 Jul 16;91:102602. Epub 2020 May 16.

Department of Automation, Biocybernetics and Robotics, Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.

Exercise heat acclimation (HA) is known to magnify the sweating response by virtue of a lower threshold as well as increased gain and maximal capacity of sweating. However, HA has been shown to potentiate the shivering response in a cold-air environment. We investigated whether HA would alter heat loss and heat production responses during water immersion. Read More

J Dairy Sci 2020 Sep 26;103(9):8587-8600. Epub 2020 Jun 26.

Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611. Electronic address:

Although dairy calves are more thermotolerant relative to mature cows, they are still susceptible to heat stress, as demonstrated by elevated physiological responses and reduced feed intake under high ambient temperature and relative humidity. However, indicators of heat stress have not been well-characterized in calves. Herein, we evaluated associations between environmental and thermoregulatory and productive animal-based indicators of heat stress in dairy calves exposed to chronic heat stress or continuous cooling in a subtropical climate. Read More

Am J Emerg Med 2020 11 1;38(11):2488.e1-2488.e2. Epub 2020 Jun 1.

Centre of Emergency Medicine, University Medicine Essen, Germany.

Intranasal cooling by the evaporation of perflourcarbon is almost exclusively used for the induction of therapeutic hypothermia in post-resuscitation care. This method has proven to be effective and safe. This case presents a successful application to a patient with external heatstroke. Read More

Int J Hyperthermia 2020 ;37(1):668-676

Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.

To explore various microwave (MW) time/power combinations to achieve maximum single-probe system performance in a live pig liver model. Fifty-one microwave ablations performed in 12 female pigs using the following time/power combinations: 65 W for 10 min (65W 10MIN), ramped from 20 to 65 W (RAMPED), 95 W pulses with cooling periods (95W PULSED), 40 W for 16 min 15 s (LOW POWER), 1 min 95 W pulse then 8 min 65 W then a second 1 min 95 W pulse (BOOKEND 95W) and 65 W for 15 min (65W 15MIN). Temperatures 1. Read More

Int J Hyperthermia 2020 ;37(1):634-650

Ascend Technologies Ltd., Southampton, UK.

The thermally-induced urine flow can generate cooling that may alter the treatment outcome during hyperthermic treatments of bladder cancer. This paper investigates the effects of natural convection inside the bladder and at skin surface during gold nanorods (GNR) - assisted photothermal therapy (PTT) of bladder cancer in mice. 3D models of mouse bladder at orientations corresponding to the mouse positioned on its back, its side and its abdomen were examined. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020 04 24;17(8). Epub 2020 Apr 24.

Department of Functional Biology, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain.

The current systematic review evaluated the effects of different pre-cooling techniques on sports performance in highly-trained athletes under high temperature conditions. PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, CENTRAL, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus databases were searched from inception to December 2019. Studies performing pre-cooling interventions in non-acclimatized highly-trained athletes (>55 mL/kg/min of maximal oxygen consumption) under heat conditions (≥30 °C) were included. Read More

J Therm Biol 2020 Jan 13;87:102481. Epub 2019 Dec 13.

USDA-ARS Livestock Behavior Research Unit, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA. Electronic address:

Rapid cooling after acute hyperthermia may cause a sustained increase in body temperature and exacerbate intestinal damage in pigs. Therefore, the study objective was to evaluate the temporal effects of rapid and gradual cooling on body temperature response and intestinal integrity after acute hyperthermia in pigs. In three repetitions, 54 pigs [83. Read More

Br J Sports Med 2020 Aug 28;54(16):1003-1007. Epub 2020 Jan 28.

Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar.

Purpose: Assess the health status and heat preparation strategies of athletes competing in a World Cycling Championships held in hot ambient conditions (37°C, 25% relative humidity, wet-bulb-globe-temperature 27°C) and monitor the medical events arising during competition.

Methods: 69 cyclists (~9% of the world championships participants) completed a pre-competition questionnaire. Illnesses and injuries encountered by the Athlete Medical Centre (AMC) were extracted from the race reports. Read More