Can Respir J 2017 12;2017:3087505. Epub 2017 Mar 12.

Psychological Department, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.

Purpose. The study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of antipyretic therapy on mortality in critically ill patients with sepsis requiring mechanical ventilation. Methods. Read More

Mil Med 2017 Mar;182(3):e1854-e1857

Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20889-5600.

Introduction: Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is an inherited hypermetabolic condition characterized by uncontrolled calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle, usually from exposure to inhaled general anesthetics and/or the depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent succinylcholine. Multiple case reports now reveal that crises may be precipitated by environmental factors such as exercise or high ambient temperatures. Common signs of an MH crisis include life-threatening hyperthermia, metabolic acidosis, muscle rigidity, and tachycardia. Read More

Rev Port Pneumol (2006) 2017 May - Jun;23(3):117-123. Epub 2017 Mar 1.

Chest Department, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal; Institute of Environmental Health (ISAMB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisboa, Portugal.

Background: An outbreak of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1, with 403 cases was identified on the 7th November 2014 in Vila Franca de Xira, Portugal. Outbreak source was the wet cooling system of a local factory. Hospital Pulido Valente was one of the hospitals receiving patients with Legionnaires' disease (LD). Read More

Gait Posture 2017 Mar 8;53:230-235. Epub 2017 Feb 8.

Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital and UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological disease marked by demyelination and axonal loss. Individuals with MS experience increases in clinical signs and symptoms during heat exposure.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that moderate heat exposure adversely affects postural sway in individuals with MS. Read More

Am J Emerg Med 2017 Jan 30. Epub 2017 Jan 30.

CSA Medical, Inc., 91 Hartwell Avenue, Lexington, MA 02421, USA. Electronic address:

Hyperthermia is a potentially life threatening scenario that may occur in patients due to accompanying morbidities, exertion, or exposure to dry and arid environmental conditions. In particular, heat stroke may result from environmental exposure combined with a lack of thermoregulation. Key clinical findings in the diagnosis of heatstroke are (1) a history of heat stress or exposure, (2) a rectal temperature greater than 40 °C, and (3) central nervous system dysfunction (altered mental state, disorientation, stupor, seizures, or coma) (Prendergast and Erickson, 2014 [1]). Read More

Resuscitation 2017 Apr 31;113:39-43. Epub 2017 Jan 31.

Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Australia; The Alfred Hospital, Australia; Ambulance Victoria, Australia.

Introduction: In December 2013, our institution changed the target temperature management (TTM) for the first 24h in ventricular fibrillation out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (VF-OHCA) patients from 33°C to 36°C. This study aimed to examine the impact this change had on measured temperatures and patient outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of consecutive VF-OHCA patients admitted to a tertiary referral hospital in Melbourne (Australia) between January 2013 and August 2015. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2016 Dec 21. Epub 2016 Dec 21.

Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Purpose: To assess the effect of elevated core body temperature on temporal and spatial contrast sensitivity and retinal vessel diameters.

Methods: The study included 13 healthy volunteers aged 20-37 years. Core body temperature elevation (target +1. Read More

Int J Occup Saf Ergon 2017 Feb 2:1-11. Epub 2017 Feb 2.

a Centre for Sport and Exercise Science and Medicine (SeSAME), Environmental Extremes Laboratory , University of Brighton , UK.

Introduction: Cooling of the body is used to treat hyperthermic individuals with heatstroke or to depress core temperature below normal for neuroprotection. A novel, chemically activated, unpowered cooling device, CAERvest®, was investigated for safety and efficacy.

Methods: Eight healthy male participants (body mass 79. Read More

Ther Hypothermia Temp Manag 2016 Dec 13. Epub 2016 Dec 13.

Department of Neurology, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri.

Fever increases mortality and morbidity and length of stay in neurocritically ill patients. Various methods are used in the neuroscience intensive care unit (NSICU) to control fever. Two such methods involve the Arctic Sun hydrogel wraps and the Gaymar cooling wraps. Read More

Appl Ergon 2017 Mar 20;59(Pt A):442-448. Epub 2016 Oct 20.

Human Performance Laboratory, University of Arkansas, 155 Stadium Dr HPER 321, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA. Electronic address:

Objective: Evaluate physiological and perceptual responses using a phase change cooling (PCC) garment during simulated work in the heat.

Methods: Twenty males wearing compression undergarments, coverall suit, gloves, and hard-hat, completed two randomly assigned trials (with PCC inserts or control, CON) of simulated industrial tasks in the heat (34.2 ± 0. Read More

J Therm Biol 2016 Dec 30;62(Pt B):150-158. Epub 2016 Jun 30.

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.

This paper aims to evaluate the role of small vessels in heat transfer mechanisms of a tissue-like medium during local intensive heating processes, for example, an interstitial hyperthermia treatment. To this purpose, a cylindrical tissue with two co- and counter-current vascular networks and a central heat source is introduced. Next, the energy equations of tissue, supply fluid (arterial blood), and return fluid (venous blood) are derived using porous media approach. Read More

J Athl Train 2016 Nov 22;51(11):946-951. Epub 2016 Nov 22.

University of Arkansas, Fayetteville.

Context:  Recommended treatment for exertional heat stroke includes whole-body cold-water immersion (CWI). However, remote locations or monetary or spatial restrictions can challenge the feasibility of CWI. Thus, the development of a modified, portable CWI method would allow for optimal treatment of exertional heat stroke in the presence of these challenges. Read More

Ann Emerg Med 2017 Mar 16;69(3):347-352. Epub 2016 Nov 16.

Korey Stringer Institute, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT.

Study Objective: We investigated the efficacy of tarp-assisted cooling as a body cooling modality.

Methods: Participants exercised on a motorized treadmill in hot conditions (ambient temperature 39.5°C [103. Read More

Iran Red Crescent Med J 2016 Aug 5;18(8):e23827. Epub 2016 Jun 5.

Department of Pediatrics, Turgut Ozal University, Ankara, Turkey.

Background: Fever is a reliable sign of illness, but it also evokes fear and anxiety. It is not the fever itself but the fear of possible complications and accompanying symptoms that is important for pediatricians and parents.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate maternal understanding of fever, its potential consequences, and impacts on the treatment of children. Read More

J Occup Environ Hyg 2017 Feb;14(2):124-134

a TRC Environmental , New York , New York.

Legionellae are waterborne bacteria which are capable of causing potentially fatal Legionnaires' disease (LD), as well as Pontiac Fever. Public concern about Legionella exploded following the 1976 outbreak at the American Legion conference in Philadelphia, where 221 attendees contracted pneumonia and 34 died. Since that time, a variety of different control methods and strategies have been developed and implemented in an effort to eradicate Legionella from building water systems. Read More

J Clin Apher 2016 Jul 21. Epub 2016 Jul 21.

Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL.

Background: Although many apheresis centers offer extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP), little is known about current treatment practices.

Methods: An electronic survey was distributed to assess ECP practice internationally.

Results: Of 251 responses, 137 met criteria for analysis. Read More

Int J Hyperthermia 2016 Nov 11;32(7):749-56. Epub 2016 Jul 11.

a Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery , Charité - Campus Benjamin Franklin , Berlin ;

Purpose: Major limitations of conventional RFA are vascular cooling effects. However, vascular cooling effects are supposed to be less pronounced in multipolar RFA. The objective of this ex vivo study was a systematic evaluation of the vascular cooling effects in multipolar RFA. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2016 Jun 29;2016. Epub 2016 Jun 29.

Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, The Royal Belfast Hospital For Sick Children, Belfast, UK.

A 13-year-old boy with a background of Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) was admitted to the regional paediatric intensive care unit, with community-acquired pneumonia. Despite a week of intravenous antibiotics, resolution of inflammatory markers and resolving consolidation on radiograph, he remained feverish. Fever of unknown origin investigations were negative and he was diagnosed with central thermal dysregulation secondary to hypothalamic dysfunction in PWS. Read More

J Athl Train 2016 May 17;51(5):382-8. Epub 2016 May 17.

Korey Stringer Institute, Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs.

Context: It has been well established that gastrointestinal temperature (TGI) tracks closely with rectal temperature (TREC) during exercise. However, the field use of TGI pills is still being examined, and little is known about how measurements obtained using these devices compare during recovery after exercise in warm weather.

Objective: To compare TGI and TREC in runners who completed an 11. Read More

Expert Rev Med Devices 2016 May 15;13(5):423-33. Epub 2016 Apr 15.

d Department of Emergency Medicine, Advocate Christ Medical Center , University of Illinois , Chicago, Oak Lawn , IL , USA.

Managing core temperature is critical to patient outcomes in a wide range of clinical scenarios. Previous devices designed to perform temperature management required a trade-off between invasiveness and temperature modulation efficiency. The Esophageal Cooling Device, made by Advanced Cooling Therapy (Chicago, IL), was developed to optimize warming and cooling efficiency through an easy and low risk procedure that leverages heat transfer through convection and conduction. Read More

Case Rep Anesthesiol 2016 25;2016:7306341. Epub 2016 Feb 25.

Welsh Centre for Burns, Morriston Hospital, Swansea SA6 6NL, UK.

Introduction. Burns patients are vulnerable to hyperthermia due to sepsis and SIRS and to hypothermia due to heat loss during excision surgery. Both states are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Read More

Sci Rep 2016 Mar 21;6:23430. Epub 2016 Mar 21.

Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.

Therapeutic hypothermia (HT) is standard care for moderate and severe neonatal hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE), the leading cause of permanent brain injury in term newborns. However, the optimal temperature for HT is still unknown, and few preclinical studies have compared multiple HT treatment temperatures. Additionally, HT may not benefit infants with severe encephalopathy. Read More

Ther Hypothermia Temp Manag 2016 Jun 16;6(2):98-101. Epub 2016 Mar 16.

Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, Texas.

Hyperthermia from a central cause is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Dysfunction of brainstem thermoregulatory pathways may explain the intractable rise in temperature. Antipyretics, dantrolene, bromocriptine, and surface and intravascular cooling devices have been attempted for temperature control. Read More

Dev Period Med 2015 Jul-Sep;19(3 Pt 1):247-53

The first decade of the 21st century saw the worldwide spread of therapeutic hypothermia as a beneficial therapeutic procedure in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. New guidelines for the resuscitation of newborns confirm that therapeutic hypothermia should be the standard method of treatment offered to neonates with acute perinatal hypoxia. The quality of care which an asphyxiated newborn receives during and immediately after resuscitation, as well as the mode of preparation for transport, can have a significant impact on improving the outcome, but it can also result in the deterioration of neonates treated with hypothermia. Read More

Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am 2016 Mar;28(1):125-36

Neuroscience Intensive Care Unit, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, 111 South 11th Street, Gibbon Building, Room 9300, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.

There are many approaches to and opportunities for implementing temperature modulation in critically ill patients, but barriers also exist. Conceptually, the process of cooling is rather straightforward; however, targeted temperature management is anything but simplistic. The need for a collaborative approach (physicians champions, nursing support, respiratory therapists, pharmacists, laboratory personnel, and supply chain representatives) to address definitions of normothermia and fever, patient inclusion/exclusion criteria for therapy based on underlying neurorelated pathologies, determination of methods of induction/maintenance, monitoring required, education planning, and strategies to minimize potential complications are warranted. Read More

World J Crit Care Med 2016 Feb 4;5(1):103-10. Epub 2016 Feb 4.

Kushaharan Sathianathan, Critical Care Unit, Latrobe Regional Hospital, Traralgon, VIC 3844, Australia.

Aim: To identify patient, cardiac arrest and management factors associated with hospital survival in comatose survivors of cardiac arrest.

Methods: A retrospective, single centre study of comatose patients admitted to our intensive care unit (ICU) following cardiac arrest during the twenty year period between 1993 and 2012. This study was deemed by the Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC) of Monash Health to be a quality assurance exercise, and thus did not require submission to the Monash Health HREC (Research Project Application, No. Read More

Eur J Appl Physiol 2016 Apr 18;116(4):687-95. Epub 2016 Jan 18.

University of Arkansas, 155 Stadium Dr HPER 321, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.

Purpose: We investigated the effects of mild hypohydration compared to euhydration on the cooling efficacy of cold-water immersion (CWI).

Methods: Fourteen participants (eight male, six female; age 26 ± 5 years; ht 1.77 ± 0. Read More

Ann Intensive Care 2016 Dec 12;6(1). Epub 2016 Jan 12.

Medical-surgical intensive care unit, Saint Luc University Hospital, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.

Background: Therapeutic hypothermia (TH between 32 and 34 °C) was recommended until recently in unconscious successfully resuscitated cardiac arrest (CA) patients, especially after initial shockable rhythm. A randomized controlled trial published in 2013 observed similar outcome between a 36 °C-targeted temperature management (TTM) and a 33 °C-TTM. The main aim of our study was to assess the impact of this publication on physicians regarding their TTM practical changes. Read More

Brain Res 2016 Jun 30;1640(Pt A):94-103. Epub 2015 Dec 30.

Department of Neurological Surgery, The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.

The use of therapeutic hypothermia (TH) and targeted temperature management (TTM) for severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been tested in a variety of preclinical and clinical situations. Early preclinical studies showed that mild reductions in brain temperature after moderate to severe TBI improved histopathological outcomes and reduced neurological deficits. Investigative studies have also reported that reductions in post-traumatic temperature attenuated multiple secondary injury mechanisms including excitotoxicity, free radical generation, apoptotic cell death, and inflammation. Read More

PLoS One 2015 17;10(12):e0144740. Epub 2015 Dec 17.

Division of Critical Care and Trauma Division, The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Background: Strategies to prevent pyrexia in patients with acute neurological injury may reduce secondary neuronal damage. The aim of this study was to determine the safety and efficacy of the routine administration of 6 grams/day of intravenous paracetamol in reducing body temperature following severe traumatic brain injury, compared to placebo.

Methods: A multicentre, randomised, blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial in adult patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Read More

World J Crit Care Med 2015 Nov 4;4(4):296-301. Epub 2015 Nov 4.

Kristine H O'Phelan, Amedeo Merenda, Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, United States.

Aim: To examine complications associated with the use of therapeutic temperature modulation (mild hypothermia and normothermia) in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Methods: One hundred and fourteen charts were reviewed. Inclusion criteria were: severe TBI with Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) < 9, intensive care unit (ICU) stay > 24 h and non-penetrating TBI. Read More

Int J Hyperthermia 2015 5;31(8):813-22. Epub 2015 Nov 5.

a Department of Radiology , University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas , Texas .

Purpose: Localised hyperthermia in rodent studies is challenging due to the small target size. This study describes the development and characterisation of an MRI-compatible high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) system to perform localised mild hyperthermia treatments in rodent models.

Material And Methods: The hyperthermia platform consisted of an MRI-compatible small animal HIFU system, focused transducers with sector-vortex lenses, a custom-made receive coil, and means to maintain systemic temperatures of rodents. Read More

Int J Hyperthermia 2015 2;31(8):930-6. Epub 2015 Nov 2.

b Department of Urology , Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing .

Purpose: A model of in vivo porcine kidneys is used to clarify the characteristics of laparoscopic microwave ablation (MWA) of renal tissue.

Materials And Methods: Six pigs were utilised for the experiment using 18G water circulating-cooling microwave needles. The operating frequency was 2450 MHz, and the independent variables were power (50-60 W) and time (300-600 s). Read More

BMC Pediatr 2015 Oct 19;15:163. Epub 2015 Oct 19.

Department of Pediatric, Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325027, China.

Background: Fever in children is one of the most common clinical symptoms and a chief complaint and a main reason that caregivers took the children to the outpatient service or admitted to hospital. Studies have found that the majority of parents surveyed at a hospital pediatric clinic held unrealistic and unwarranted concerns about fevers, first termed as 'fever phobia' by Schmitt in 1980. In the present study, we explore whether 'fever phobia' exists in Chinese caregivers and investigate whether such phobia is alleviated when admitted to hospital after propaganda of fever related knowledge by doctors and nurses. Read More

BMC Anesthesiol 2015 Oct 19;15:152. Epub 2015 Oct 19.

Department of Medicine, Division of Critical Care, University of Western Ontario, London Health Sciences Centre, University Hospital, 339 Windermere Road, London, N6A 5A5, ON, Canada.

Background: Mild hypothermia and fever control have been shown to improve neurological outcomes post cardiac arrest. Common methods to induce hypothermia include body surface cooling and intravascular cooling; however, a new approach using an esophageal cooling catheter has recently become available.

Methods: We report the first three cases of temperature control using an esophageal cooling device (ECD). Read More

Crit Care Med 2016 Mar;44(3):e158-67

1Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.2Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.3Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.4Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.5Department of Cardiology, Charité Berlin Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany.

Objectives: The results from the recent Targeted Temperature Management trial raised the question whether cooling or merely the avoidance of fever mediates better neurologic outcome in resuscitated patients. As temperature per se is a major determinant of cardiac function, we characterized the effects of hyperthermia (40.5°C), normothermia (38. Read More

NMR Biomed 2015 Nov 24;28(11):1463-70. Epub 2015 Sep 24.

Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.

The T1 and T2 temperature dependence of female breast adipose tissue was investigated at 1.5 T in order to evaluate the applicability of relaxation-based MR thermometry in fat for the monitoring of thermal therapies in the breast. Relaxation times T1 , T2 and T2TSE (the apparent T2 measured using a turbo spin echo readout sequence) were measured in seven fresh adipose breast samples for temperatures from 25 to 65 °C. Read More

Resuscitation 2015 Nov 16;96:268-74. Epub 2015 Sep 16.

Department of Intensive Care, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik, 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium. Electronic address:

Aim: Spontaneous alterations in temperature homeostasis after cardiac arrest (CA) are associated with worse outcome. However, it remains unclear the prognostic role of temperature variability (TV) during cooling procedures. We hypothesized that low TV during targeted temperature management (TTM) would be associated with a favourable neurological outcome after CA. Read More

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2015 Sep 15;11:67. Epub 2015 Sep 15.

Herbal Institute, The University of Trinidad and Tobago, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.

Background: An ethnobotanical survey was conducted on the Caribbean island of Trinidad to identify medicinal plants commonly used in traditional medicine to treat a variety of medical conditions.

Methods: A pilot survey was conducted to identify the top ten most common ailments where medicinal plants were used. The results of the foregoing study guided a wider national survey conducted between October 2007 and July 2008. Read More

Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2015 Oct 28;9(5):536-42. Epub 2015 Aug 28.

National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,Pittsburgh,Pennsylvania.

Objective: Experience with the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) ensembles by health care workers responding to the Ebola outbreak in the hot, humid conditions of West Africa has prompted reports of significant issues with heat stress that has resulted in shortened work periods.

Methods: A sweating thermal manikin was used to ascertain the time to achievement of a critical core temperature of 39 °C while wearing 4 different PPE ensembles similar to those recommended by the World Health Organization and Médecins Sans Frontières (Doctors Without Borders) at 2 different ambient conditions (32 °C/92% relative humidity and 26 °C/80% relative humidity) compared with a control ensemble.

Results: PPE ensembles that utilized coveralls with moderate to high degrees of impermeability attained the critical core temperature in significantly shorter times than did other ensembles. Read More

J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2015 Aug;29(4):1104-13

Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.

Unlabelled: In order to improve our understanding of the evidence-based literature supporting temperature management during adult cardiopulmonary bypass, The Society of Thoracic Surgeons, the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiology and the American Society of ExtraCorporeal Technology tasked the authors to conduct a review of the peer-reviewed literature, including: 1) optimal site for temperature monitoring, 2) avoidance of hyperthermia, 3) peak cooling temperature gradient and cooling rate, and 4) peak warming temperature gradient and rewarming rate. Authors adopted the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association method for development clinical practice guidelines, and arrived at the following recommendations: CLASS I RECOMMENDATIONS: a)The oxygenator arterial outlet blood temperature is recommended to be utilized as a surrogate for cerebral temperature measurement during CPB. (Class I, Level C) b)To monitor cerebral perfusate temperature during warming, it should be assumed that the oxygenator arterial outlet blood temperature under-estimates cerebral perfusate temperature. Read More

Ther Hypothermia Temp Manag 2015 Sep 31;5(3):116-20. Epub 2015 Jul 31.

4 University of Maryland , Baltimore, Maryland.

Adv Emerg Nurs J 2015 Jul-Sep;37(3):209-22

Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California.

Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a high-risk, low-occurrence medical emergency with symptoms that include a severe increased rate of metabolic activity and rigid skeletal muscles. Clinicians should be knowledgeable and prepared for an MH event because it can occur in areas outside the operating room and without anesthetic triggers. Patients who have this rare genetic condition may come to the emergency department (ED) presenting with symptoms of heat stroke. Read More

Intensive Care Med 2015 Oct 23;41(10):1800-8. Epub 2015 Jul 23.

Unité de recherche clinique, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou-APHP, Paris, France.

Purpose: We previously showed that external cooling decreases day 14 mortality in febrile septic shock. Because cooling may participate in heart rate control, we studied the respective impact of heart rate and temperature lowering on mortality.

Methods: Post hoc analysis of the Sepsiscool randomized controlled trial database (NCT00527007). Read More

Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2015 Dec 27;38(6):430-4. Epub 2015 Jun 27.

Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, The University of Auckland, New Zealand. Electronic address:

Purpose: To compare temperature profile characteristics (on and off eye) of two patient-applied heat therapies for meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD): an eye mask containing disposable warming units (EyeGiene(®)) and a microwave-heated flaxseed eye bag(®) (MGDRx EyeBag(®)).

Methods: In vitro evaluation: surface temperature profiles of activated eye masks and heated eye bags(®) (both n=10), were tracked every 10s until return to ambient temperature. Heat-transfer assessment: outer and inner eyelid temperature profiles throughout the eye mask and eye bag(®) treatment application period (10min) were investigated in triplicate. Read More

Circulation 2015 Jul 19;132(3):152-7. Epub 2015 Jun 19.

From The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA.

J Athl Train 2015 Aug 19;50(8):792-9. Epub 2015 Jun 19.

School of Rehabilitation and Medical Sciences, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant.

Context: Current treatment recommendations for American football players with exertional heatstroke are to remove clothing and equipment and immerse the body in cold water. It is unknown if wearing a full American football uniform during cold-water immersion (CWI) impairs rectal temperature (Trec) cooling or exacerbates hypothermic afterdrop.

Objective: To determine the time to cool Trec from 39. Read More

J Cosmet Laser Ther 2016 20;18(1):31-7. Epub 2016 Jan 20.

e UCLA Medical School , Los Angeles , CA , USA.

Objective: This study presents clinical results of Tixel, a new fractional skin resurfacing system based on thermo-mechanical ablation technology. Tixel employs a hot (400°C) metallic tip consisting of 81 pyramids. Treatment is performed by rapidly advancing the tip to the skin for a preset tip-skin contact duration. Read More

J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2015 Jun 14;14(2):154-61. Epub 2014 Jan 14.

Renai Medicity, Kochi, Kerala India.

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to review the pathophysiology of thermoregulation mechanism, various causes of fever after maxillofacial surgery and the different treatment protocols advised in the literature.

Discussion: Fever is one of the most common complaints after major surgery and is also considered to be an important clinical sign which indicates developing pathology that may go unnoticed by the clinician during post operative period. Several factors are responsible for fever after the maxillofacial surgery, inflammation and infection being the commonest. Read More

Int J Hyperthermia 2015 22;31(5):538-50. Epub 2015 May 22.

Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford , UK and.

Purpose: A sensitivity analysis has been performed on a mathematical model of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in the liver. The purpose of this is to identify the most important parameters in the model, defined as those that produce the largest changes in the prediction. This is important in understanding the role of uncertainty and when comparing the model predictions to experimental data. Read More