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Int J Nanomedicine 2020 30;15:4717-4737. Epub 2020 Jun 30.

Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Purpose: The present study was designed to study the gentamycin (GTM)-loaded stimulus-responsive chitosan nanoparticles to treat bacterial conjunctivitis.

Methods: GTM-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (GTM-CHNPs) were prepared by ionotropic gelation method and further optimized by 3-factor and 3-level Box-Behnken design. Chitosan (A), sodium tripolyphosphate (B), and stirring speed (C) were selected as independent variables. Read More

Ecol Evol 2020 Jun 29;10(12):5801-5814. Epub 2020 Apr 29.

Laboratory of Ornithology Cornell University Ithaca New York.

Hosts are typically coinfected by multiple parasite species whose interactions might be synergetic or antagonistic, producing unpredictable physiological and pathological impacts on the host. This study shows the interaction between spp. and spp. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2020 Jun 30;13(6). Epub 2020 Jun 30.

Department of Adolescent and Child Health, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta.

We report an unusual case of an 11-day-old neonate presenting with haemolacria on a background of sticky conjunctival discharge. This was secondary to pseudomembranous conjunctivitis which responded well to systemic erythromycin. Early appropriate treatment is important to prevent progression of the ophthalmic infection, which could lead to blindness, and to prevent other manifestations of neonatal chlamydial infection, particularly pneumonia, which could be fatal. Read More

J Adolesc Health 2020 Jun 24. Epub 2020 Jun 24.

Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon; Department of Internal Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.

The novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. We discuss a less common presentation of COVID-19 in a patient where the use of telemedicine technology prevented the exposure of the healthcare team in an academic general pediatrics clinic. A medically complex 20-year-old male presented via virtual visit for unilateral eye redness and discharge. Read More

Eur J Ophthalmol 2020 Jun 19:1120672120934991. Epub 2020 Jun 19.

University Eye Clinic, IRCCS, Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.

Purpose: To investigate the pre-operative conjunctival flora in patients undergoing cataract surgery with major local and/or systemic risk factors for developing post-operative infection.

Methods: A total of 83 patients underwent bacterial culture and sensitivity testing of conjunctival swabs obtained from both eyes because of local risk factors at the pre-operative visit (i.e. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2020 Jun 15;21:e923135. Epub 2020 Jun 15.

Departmemt of Ophthalmology, State University of New York, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA.

BACKGROUND Neisseria-associated conjunctivitis is a rare cause of bacterial conjunctivitis in adults, with Neisseria gonorrhoeae as the primarily identified infectious strain. Here, we present a rare case of bacterial conjunctivitis due to Neisseria sicca in a 34-year-old immunocompetent man with no prior medical or ocular history. CASE REPORT A 34-year-old man with no significant past medical or ocular history presented with a 3-day history of left periorbital edema, ocular pain, and copious purulent discharge. Read More

Pediatr Dermatol 2020 Jun 13. Epub 2020 Jun 13.

Department of Pediatric Emergency Care, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.

A 6-year-old girl presented with fever, skin rash, anuria, and conjunctivitis that rapidly progressed to toxic shock syndrome. Following hospital discharge, she developed a staphylococcal abscess on the lower extremity. She had recently received the first two doses of the interleukin-17 (IL-17) inhibitor secukinumab for resistant plaque psoriasis. Read More

AAPS PharmSciTech 2020 Jun 5;21(5):167. Epub 2020 Jun 5.

Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia.

Ciprofloxacin is a commonly used antibiotic for treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis. The conventional eye drop dosage form is the widely used mode of treatment, but it has low corneal residence time. This drawback can be overcome by developing a bioadhesive noisome system (chitosan-coated) for enhanced corneal residence time. Read More

Am J Ophthalmol 2020 Jul 25;215:56-65. Epub 2020 Mar 25.

Private Practice, Delray Beach, Florida, USA.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a topical ophthalmic suspension combination of povidone-iodine 0.6% (PVP-I) and dexamethasone 0.1% (DEX) for infectious and inflammatory components of bacterial conjunctivitis. Read More

Int Marit Health 2020 ;71(1):78-84

Department of Epidemiology and Tropical Medicine, Military Institute of Medicine, 128 Szaserów St., 04-141 Warsaw, Poland.

Travelling has been growing in popularity over the last several decades. Eye diseases, e.g. Read More

Am J Clin Exp Immunol 2020 25;9(1):1-5. Epub 2020 Feb 25.

Department of Microbiology, Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan, Indonesia.

The aim of this study is to determine the antibacterial activity of Piper betle L. leaf extract on inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus in conjunctivitis patient. This study follows a post-test only group experimental design. Read More

Clin Ophthalmol 2020 12;14:805-813. Epub 2020 Mar 12.

Department of Ophthalmology, Sue Anschutz-Rodgers Eye Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.

The diagnosis of acute infectious conjunctivitis can be difficult. Clinical ambiguity exists between the acute viral and bacterial as well as the allergic forms, which can confound diagnosis. Also, discrimination between viral or bacterial origins of infectious conjunctivitis based on historical, nonspecific, clinical signs and symptoms contributes to a high rate of misdiagnosis and overuse of antibiotic treatment. Read More

Front Pharmacol 2020 5;11:219. Epub 2020 Mar 5.

Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa.

is an evergreen shrub belonging to the Rosaceae family with previous studies that indicated that extracts exhibited strong anti-bacterial properties against , showing potential as a cosmeceutical. The plant is traditionally used as a vermifuge, as an astringent and to treat conjunctivitis. Commercial production is, however, not possible as no information is available on cultivation and the effect of external environmental factors such as seasonal variation on the medicinal properties of the plant. Read More

Pharm Nanotechnol 2020 ;8(2):133-147

Department of Pharmaceutics, Annasaheb Dange College of B Pharmacy, Ashta, Tal-Walwa, Dist. Sangli-415301, MS, India.

Background: Bacterial conjunctivitis is a serious ocular infection if left untreated. It is caused by several species of bacteria like Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus and Mycobacterium.

Objective: The present investigation explores the development and characterization of moxifloxacin hydrochloride and ketorolac tromethamine combination loaded Eudragit RL 100 nanosuspension for ocular drug delivery in order to overcome the problems associated with conventional dosage forms. Read More

Clin Infect Dis 2020 Mar 4. Epub 2020 Mar 4.

The Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.

Background: Bacterial conjunctivitis is most commonly caused by nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi), followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae. No population-based data on the impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) on the incidence of bacterial conjunctivitis have been published. We assessed rate dynamics of overall, pneumococcal and NTHi conjunctivitis in children aged 2-23 months in southern Israel before and after PCV implementation. Read More

Clin Infect Dis 2020 Mar 4. Epub 2020 Mar 4.

Department of Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States.

J Prim Care Community Health 2020 Jan-Dec;11:2150132720907430

University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria.

Vision screening in infants is an important part of the medical care of children as some eye abnormalities, if not treated in the first few months or years of life, can lead to irreversible vision loss. The objective of this cross-sectional, descriptive study was to identify ocular anomalies among infants attending immunization clinics in Nigeria and refer promptly and appropriately. Infants were screened across 6 immunization clinics. Read More

Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020 May 11;189:110859. Epub 2020 Feb 11.

Business Operation Division, Osaka Organic Chemical Industry Ltd., Osaka 541-0052, Japan.

Contact lens users very often become patients of allergic conjunctivitis, which is caused by protein and bacteria adsorption to the eye, because contact lenses easily adsorb proteins and bacteria. However, even if contact lens users develop eye diseases such as allergic conjunctivitis, most of them continue to use contact lenses to avoid interference to daily life or a decrease in their quality of life. If novel contact lenses able to prevent and additionally cure eye diseases can be manufactured, they could improve the quality of life of contact lens users worldwide. Read More

Life Sci 2020 May 19;248:117444. Epub 2020 Feb 19.

Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA. Electronic address:

Aims: Nonhuman primates have been used to investigate pathogenic mechanisms and evaluate immune responses following Chlamydia trachomatis inoculation. This study aimed to systemically profile antibody responses to C. trachomatis infection in nonhuman primates. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 Feb;99(7):e18570

Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER, Chandigarh.

Acute conjunctivitis is inflammation of conjunctiva of less than 3 to 4 weeks duration, characterized by cellular infiltration and exudation. It may also result into corneal, lid or orbital involvement which may lead to various complications.A hospital based prospective study was conducted in Assam Medical College and Hospital with 110 culture proven acute bacterial conjunctivitis cases. Read More

Iran J Vet Res 2019 ;20(4):308-312

Graduated from Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai-600 007, India.

Background: Duck rearing is one of the important livelihoods of rural people. Duck plague is one of the diseases causing heavy mortality resulting in economic losses.

Case Description: An outbreak of duck plague in a farm in Kadavakathi Village near Tenkasi, Tirunelveli Dt. Read More

Ann Dermatol Venereol 2019 Dec;146(12S3):12S67-12S75

Clinique dermatologique, Hôpitaux universitaires et université de Strasbourg, 1, place de l'Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg Cedex, France. Electronic address:

Atopic dermatitis is associated with an increased risk of asthma (10 to 30% according to age), allergic rhinitis and conjunctivitis and food allergy. Other comorbidiies are globally lest frequent than in psoriasis. There is no increased risk of solid cancer. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2020 Jan 24;21:e919822. Epub 2020 Jan 24.

Department of Ophthalmology, Legnago Hospital, Legnago, Verona, Italy.

BACKGROUND Corneal ulceration is caused by various corneal diseases, including infection, inflammatory disease, neurotrophic keratitis, dry-eye, autoimmune disease, and blepharitis. Treatment should be based on the etiology. In cases of infection, corneal scraping and pathogen culture should be carried out before treatment. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020 01 20;1:CD011628. Epub 2020 Jan 20.

Hôpital Henri Mondor, Department of Dermatology, 51 avenue du Général de Lattre de Tassigny, Créteil, France, 94010.

Background: Palmoplantar pustulosis is a chronic inflammatory disease in which sterile, relapsing pustules appear on the palms and soles, possibly in conjunction with other symptoms. The previous Cochrane Review on this topic was published in 2006, before biological treatments were extensively used.

Objectives: To assess the effects of interventions for chronic palmoplantar pustulosis to induce and maintain complete remission. Read More

Talanta 2020 Mar 2;209:120532. Epub 2019 Nov 2.

School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.

Besifloxacin is an important antimicrobial agent, belonging to the class of fluoroquinolones, used in the treatment of infectious conjunctivitis. Quality control of this active pharmaceutical ingredient is essential, since poor quality antimicrobials may contribute to the aggravation of the worrying picture of bacterial resistance. Thus, analytical methods need to be developed, validated and improved for that purpose. Read More

Eur J Ophthalmol 2019 Dec 25:1120672119896419. Epub 2019 Dec 25.

Microbiology and Virology Unit, University Hospital Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy.

Purpose: Bacterial ocular infections can result in loss of all or part of the ocular structures, contributing to a high disability charge. Local surveillance of etiology and susceptibility patterns is crucial for an appropriate empiric management of ocular infections. The aim of this study was to analyze of bacterial spectrum in culture-proven ocular infections and trends of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. Read More

PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019 12 23;13(12):e0007834. Epub 2019 Dec 23.

Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.

Background: Trachoma, a conjunctivitis caused by repeated infections with Chlamydia trachomatis, remains a significant cause of blindness worldwide. While mass treatments with azithromycin decreases disease and infection, re-emergence occurs, indicating that elimination may require other sustainable interventions. Environmental changes largely focus on facial hygiene and latrines, but further work to identify other possible transmission targets are needed. Read More

Orbit 2019 Dec 18:1-4. Epub 2019 Dec 18.

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.

This report presents two cases of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC)-associated dacryocystitis. Both patients presented with preseptal edema. Orbital computed tomography (CT) scans were performed out of concern for orbital cellulitis and revealed soft tissue edema involving the preseptal aspect of the eyelids and also the lacrimal sac. Read More

Int J Ophthalmol 2019 18;12(12):1898-1907. Epub 2019 Dec 18.

Shaanxi Ophthalmic Medical Center, Xi'an No.4 Hospital, Affiliated Guangren Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China.

Aim: To evaluate the relative efficacy and safety of besifloxacin for treatment of acute bacterial conjunctivitis.

Methods: A comprehensive search in PubMed, EMBASE Web of Science, Cochrane Central Database and CNKI was undertaken for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing besifloxacin with other treatments or placebo. The primary outcome measures were clinical resolution, rates of bacterial eradication, individual clinical outcomes, cure rates, and bacterial eradication rates of different kinds of pathogens. Read More

PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019 12 16;13(12):e0007924. Epub 2019 Dec 16.

Light for the World International, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Background: Trachoma is a contagious infection of the eye by specific strains of the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis. It is the leading cause of blindness worldwide. Mass drug administration (MDA) with azithromycin is a cornerstone of World Health Organization (WHO)'s global effort to eliminate trachoma by 2020. Read More

Minerva Pediatr 2019 Dec;71(6):500-504

Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, ASST-FBF-Sacco, Milan, Italy -

Background: Neonatal conjunctivitis is frequent and could benefit from daily cleansing with saline. Anyway super infections can occur and therefore antibiotics are frequently needed. Recently alternative therapies (e. Read More

Cleve Clin J Med 2019 12;86(12):780-781

Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA.

Bull World Health Organ 2019 Dec 1;97(12):854-856. Epub 2019 Nov 1.

Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, 243 Charles Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114 United States of America (USA).

Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Ophthalmol 2019 1;8(4):266-271. Epub 2019 Oct 1.

Department of Pediatrics, ''Karamandaneio'' General Pediatric Hospital, Patras, Greece.

Acute bacterial conjunctivitis is a common, highly contagious infection in children and is usually treated empirically with broad spectrum topical antibiotics. In the current study we investigated bacteriology and antibiotic susceptibility patterns in childhood acute bacterial conjunctivitis in Western Greece. We conducted a retrospective analysis of presumed acute bacterial conjunctivitis cases in ''Karamandaneio'' Pediatric General Hospital of Patras, Western Greece, between February 1, 2013 and January 31, 2018. Read More

Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2019 Nov 27. Epub 2019 Nov 27.

School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Canada. Electronic address:

Purpose: Contact lens (CL) practice is relatively new in Ghana; a country where the geographical location (warm climate) lends itself to harsh environmental conditions (high humidity) known to influence CL wear. Recent studies suggest an increase in CL wear (corrective and cosmetic), yet, there are no studies about CL-related complications. This study sought to determine the complications associated with CL wear in Ghana. Read More

Microbiol Resour Announc 2019 Nov 27;8(48). Epub 2019 Nov 27.

Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses (IBIZ), Jena, Germany

Here, we announce the draft genome sequence of strain 161514, which was recovered from a horse with conjunctivitis, and determine the genetic basis of its antimicrobial resistance phenotype. The genome has a size of 3,839,365 bp and a G+C content of 38.93% and is predicted to contain 3,529 coding sequences. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2019 Nov 28;13(1):362. Epub 2019 Nov 28.

Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Background: Leptospirosis is a reemerging zoonosis with a worldwide distribution and a wide range of clinical manifestations. We report a case of leptospirosis meningitis in a previously healthy woman infected by her pet mouse.

Case Presentation: A 27-year-old Caucasian woman with pet mice presented to our institute with a 1 week history of fever, headache, myalgia, vomiting, diarrhea, and dark urine. Read More

Med Lett Drugs Ther 2019 Dec;61(1586):187-194

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019 11;60(14):4805-4810

Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.

Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020 Feb;70(2):995-1006

Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China.

Three bacterial strains, HKU70, HKU71 and HKU72, were isolated from the conjunctival swab, blood and sputum samples of three patients with conjunctivitis, bacteraemia and respiratory infection, respectively, in Hong Kong. The three strains were aerobic, Gram-stain positive, catalase-positive, non-sporulating and non-motile bacilli and exhibited unique biochemical profiles distinguishable from currently recognized species. 16S rRNA, , and gene sequence analyses revealed that the three strains shared 99. Read More

Microorganisms 2019 Nov 7;7(11). Epub 2019 Nov 7.

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.

Some tissues of the eye are susceptible to damage due to their exposure to the outside environment and inability to regenerate. Immune privilege, although beneficial to the eye in terms of homeostasis and protection, can be harmful when breached or when an aberrant response occurs in the face of challenge. In this review, we highlight the role of the PMN (polymorphonuclear leukocyte) in different bacterial ocular infections that invade the immune privileged eye at the anterior and posterior segments: keratitis, conjunctivitis, uveitis, and endophthalmitis. Read More

PLoS One 2019 7;14(11):e0224324. Epub 2019 Nov 7.

Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå Centre for Microbial Research, Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.

The ability to introduce targeted genetic modifications in microbial genomes has revolutionized our ability to study the role and mode of action of individual bacterial virulence factors. Although the fastidious lifestyle of obligate intracellular bacterial pathogens poses a technical challenge to such manipulations, the last decade has produced significant advances in our ability to conduct molecular genetic analysis in Chlamydia trachomatis, a major bacterial agent of infertility and blindness. Similar approaches have not been established for the closely related veterinary Chlamydia spp. Read More

Parasit Vectors 2019 Nov 4;12(1):518. Epub 2019 Nov 4.

Clinical Research Department, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.

Background: Trachoma, caused by ocular Chlamydia trachomatis, is the leading infectious cause of blindness worldwide. Sudan first reported trachoma in the 1930s and has since been consistently endemic. Ocular C. Read More

J Infect 2019 12 25;79(6):490-494. Epub 2019 Oct 25.

Immunisation and Countermeasures Division, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, United Kingdom; Paediatric Infectious Diseases Research Group, St. George's University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, United Kingdom. Electronic address:

Background: Neisseria meningitidis is a rare cause of acute bacterial conjunctivitis but can progress to invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) in the case and their close contacts. There is, however, a lack of consensus on the clinical and public health management of primary meningococcal conjunctivitis (PMC).

Methods: We searched Ovid MEDLINE via PubMed, EMBASE and NHS evidence (up to June 2019) for all publications relating to meningococcal conjunctivitis to provide an evidence-base for developing guidelines for the management of PMC cases and their close contacts. Read More

Health Qual Life Outcomes 2019 Oct 30;17(1):163. Epub 2019 Oct 30.

Shire, a Takeda company, 300 Shire Way, Lexington, MA, 02421, USA.

Background: Acute infectious conjunctivitis is a common condition most frequently caused by viruses or bacteria. Clinical outcome assessments have been used to assess signs and symptoms of bacterial and viral conjunctivitis, but have not been evaluated for content validity. We aimed to develop content-valid patient- (PRO) and observer-reported outcome (ObsRO) instruments to assess symptoms of ocular discomfort associated with viral or bacterial conjunctivitis in adult and pediatric patients. Read More

PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019 10 28;13(10):e0007749. Epub 2019 Oct 28.

College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi.

Background: Following one to five years of antibiotic mass drug administration (MDA) for the elimination of trachoma as a public health problem, programmes must conduct impact surveys to inform decisions on whether MDA is still needed. These decisions are currently based on the prevalence of trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF), which, after MDA, correlates poorly with prevalence of ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection.

Methodology/principal Findings: Impact surveys in six evaluation units (EUs) of Malawi were used as a platform to explore associations between the prevalence of TF, ocular C. Read More

Parasit Vectors 2019 Oct 22;12(1):497. Epub 2019 Oct 22.

London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.

Background: Mass drug administration (MDA) with azithromycin is a cornerstone of the trachoma elimination strategy. Although the global prevalence of active trachoma has declined considerably, prevalence persists or even increases in some communities and districts. To increase understanding of MDA impact, we investigated the prevalence of active trachoma and ocular C. Read More

J Vet Intern Med 2019 Nov 12;33(6):2786-2793. Epub 2019 Oct 12.

Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa.

Background: Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) in beef cattle has major welfare and production implications. Effective vaccination against IBK would also reduce antibiotic use in beef production.

Objective/hypothesis: To evaluate the efficacy of a conditionally licensed commercial IBK vaccine containing Moraxella bovoculi bacterin. Read More

PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019 10 7;13(10):e0007637. Epub 2019 Oct 7.

London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.

Importance: Trichiasis surgery programs globally have faced high rates of poor surgical outcomes. Identifying correctable risk factors for improving long-term outcomes is essential for countries targeting elimination of trachoma as a public health problem.

Objective: To determine whether the location of trichiatic eyelashes prior to surgery influences development of post-operative trichiasis (PTT) within two years after surgery. Read More

Vet Ophthalmol 2020 Mar 28;23(2):234-244. Epub 2019 Sep 28.

Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate a group of young commercially available Skinny pigs, to gain information regarding ocular findings in this breed of guinea pig. Comparisons of ocular findings are to be made between Skinny pigs and haired guinea pigs.

Animal Studied: Ten haired guinea pigs and ten Skinny pigs were examined. Read More