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Pediatr Dermatol 2022 May 9. Epub 2022 May 9.

Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.

Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis (CARP) is a dermatosis that often presents during adolescence. Prior studies have linked CARP to metabolic syndrome and comorbidities associated with insulin resistance, such as acanthosis nigricans and type 2 diabetes. Despite this, few studies have evaluated the clinical relationship between glucose dysmetabolism and CARP. Read More

Clin Case Rep 2022 Feb 4;10(2):e05394. Epub 2022 Feb 4.

Department of Dermatology The Military Hospital of Tunis Tunis Tunisia.

Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis (CRP) is an underdiagnosed skin condition of uncertain etiology. The antibacterial and most importantly the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of some antibiotics seem to explain the effectiveness of these medications. Other measures such as reducing weight and treating an underlying endocrine disorder may be helpful. Read More

Pediatr Dermatol 2021 Sep 24;38(5):1202-1209. Epub 2021 Sep 24.

Section of Dermatology, Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.

Background/objectives: Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis is a skin condition with unclear etiology and limited understanding of risk factors, comorbidities, and treatment strategies in the pediatric population. This study aims to describe the varied presentations and outcomes of confluent and reticulated papillomatosis and report associated comorbidities in pediatric patients.

Methods: In this retrospective single-institution case-control study, pediatric patients with a diagnosis of confluent and reticulated papillomatosis seen between 2012 and 2020 were matched approximately 1:5 with an acne vulgaris cohort based on diagnosis, setting, and time period when seen. Read More

JAAD Int 2021 Jun 10;3:79-87. Epub 2021 Apr 10.

Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Background: Prurigo pigmentosa (PP) is a rare inflammatory dermatosis characterized by pruritic erythematous papules that coalesce to form a reticulate pattern. PP is often misdiagnosed, and patients are treated with ineffective therapies. Although the majority of reports about PP are from East Asia, patients of all backgrounds can be affected. Read More

Int J Dermatol 2022 Jan 7;61(1):7-19. Epub 2021 Jul 7.

Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Dermoscopy has traditionally been used for the diagnosis of neoplasms and more recently in the evaluation of inflammatory conditions. Recent observational studies have suggested a role for dermoscopy in identifying and differentiating acquired pigmentary disorders. This comprehensive review will summarize the growing literature on the use of dermoscopy for pigmentary disorders. Read More

Semergen 2021 09 8;47(6):e43-e44. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

Servicio de Dermatología y Venereología, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, España.

Dermatol Pract Concept 2021 Mar 12;11(2):e2021006. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Department of Dermatology, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia.

JAAD Case Rep 2021 Jan 18;7:11-13. Epub 2020 Jul 18.

Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.

J Am Acad Dermatol 2021 Mar 10;84(3):825-829. Epub 2020 Nov 10.

Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Dermatology, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address:

JAMA Dermatol 2021 01;157(1):121-123

Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC.

Clin Obes 2021 Feb 8;11(1):e12427. Epub 2020 Nov 8.

IDEAL Clinic, Children's National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.

Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis (CARP), a rare dermatologic disorder characterized by hyperpigmented papules that subsequently develop into plaques with reticulated margins, is frequently confused with acanthosis nigricans. The aetiology and pathogenesis of CARP is not yet fully understood, but it is often present in individuals with obesity and PCOS. This case report describes an African American adolescent female with obesity with a rash diagnosed as CARP after unsuccessful treatment with antifungals and corticosteroids. Read More

An Bras Dermatol 2019 Nov - Dec;94(6):717-720. Epub 2019 Oct 26.

Dermatology Service, Hospital Universitário Polyodoro Ernani de São Thiago, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.

Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis of Gougerot and Carteaud is a rare dermatosis with onset during puberty, more prevalent in females than in males. The pathogenesis is unknown, but some theories suggest either a keratinization or endocrine disorder. The lesions are verrucous, brownish, hyperkeratotic papules or spots that coalesce in a confluent and/or reticulated pattern. Read More

Oxf Med Case Reports 2019 Oct 31;2019(10):omz099. Epub 2019 Oct 31.

Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1-9BH, UK.

This is the case of a 29-year-old male newly diagnosed with advanced HIV (CD < 35cells/mm), presenting to us with hyperpigmented and scaly non-pruritic macules over his chest and upper abdomen of several weeks duration. Woodlamp examination was negative, but a skin biopsy suggested confluent and reticulated papillomatosis (CRP). Given his lack of any of the condition's identifiable triggers and the unusually rapid resolution of his lesions shortly after antiretroviral therapy initiation, an immunodeficiency-related etiology for his CRP was entertained. Read More

J Pediatr Health Care 2019 Nov - Dec;33(6):727-737

Children with skin of color represent a large proportion of the pediatric population. There are numerous skin conditions that commonly occur in this population, including but not limited to acne, atopic dermatitis, pityriasis alba, tinea versicolor, progressive macular hypomelanosis, traction alopecia, and confluent and reticulated papillomatosis. This article highlights the clinical presentations of these conditions in skin of color and briefly addresses pathophysiology and treatment modalities. Read More

Dermatol Online J 2019 Mar 15;25(3). Epub 2019 Mar 15.

Texas A & M University College of Medicine, College Station, Texas.

Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) is an autosomal recessive genodermatosis characterized by susceptibility to beta-genus human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Owing to TMC6/EVER1 and TMC8/EVER2 mutations that lead to abnormal transmembrane channels in the endoplasmic reticulum involved in immunological pathways, keratinocytes cannot combat infection from non-pathogenic HPV strains. Mutations involving RHOH, MST-1, CORO1A, and IL-7 have also been associated with EV in patients without TMC6 or TMC8 mutations. Read More

Cureus 2019 Jan 25;11(1):e3956. Epub 2019 Jan 25.

Dermatology, San Diego Family Dermatology, San Diego, USA.

Polycystic ovarian syndrome is an endocrine disorder diagnosed commonly in young women. Various cutaneous manifestations can include acanthosis nigricans, acne, hirsutism, and alopecia. Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis is a rare skin condition that may be associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome. Read More

Med J Malaysia 2018 10;73(5):338-339

Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Department of Dermatology, Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia.

Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis (CRP) was first described in 1927 by Gougerot and further characterised by Carteud.1 It is relatively rare, and the exact pathophysiology was not well known. Over the years, multiple treatment modalities were proposed. Read More

Ann Dermatol 2018 Oct 28;30(5):550-555. Epub 2018 Aug 28.

Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea.

Background: Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis (CRP) is an uncommon dermatosis characterized by hyperpigmented scaly macules or papillomatous papules coalescing into confluent patches or plaques centrally with a reticular pattern peripherally. Few studies regarding this have been reported in the literature.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical and histologic characteristics of CRP in Korean patients according to anatomic site and age. Read More

J Cutan Med Surg 2018 May/Jun;22(3):330-332. Epub 2018 Apr 22.

1 Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.

JAAD Case Rep 2018 Jan 19;4(1):77-80. Epub 2017 Dec 19.

Department of Dermatology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida.

J Clin Aesthet Dermatol 2017 Sep 1;10(9):30-35. Epub 2017 Sep 1.

Dr. Fite is with Shenandoah Dermatology in Staunton, Virginia.

Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a common endocrine disorder with a variety of dermatologic manifestations among young women. Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis is a rare dermatosis of unknown etiology that is seldom reported in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome. We describe the case of a young woman with obesity, confluent and reticulated papillomatosis, and concurrent acanthosis nigricans. Read More

Pan Afr Med J 2017;26:207. Epub 2017 Apr 17.

Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Cadi Ayyad, Service de Dermatologie et Vénéréologie, CHU Mohammed VI, Marrakech, Maroc.

J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2017 Aug 30;15(8):836-838. Epub 2017 May 30.

Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Dermatology, University of Udine, Italy.

Rev Med Chil 2016 Nov;144(11):1494-1496

Family Medicine Department, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.

Gougerot and Carteaud confluent and reticulated papillomatosis (CARP) is an uncommon dermatosis characterized by hyperpigmented scaly macules or papillomatous papules coalescing into confluent patches or plaques centrally with a reticular pattern peripherally. We report a 28-year-old woman presenting at 16 weeks of gestation with an itchy rash that was biopsied and turned out to be consistent with CARP. Options for treatment were discussed but the woman refused to take any systemic therapy and used only moisturizers throughout her pregnancy. Read More

J Dermatol 2017 Aug 11;44(8):954-958. Epub 2017 Mar 11.

Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.

Concomitant confluent and reticulated papillomatosis (CRP) and acanthosis nigricans (AN) is rare. We present a case of concomitant CRP and obesity-associated AN in a 12-year-old obese Japanese girl. Curiously, oral minocycline therapy, which has been shown to be effective for CRP, was effective against both CRP and AN. Read More

Actas Dermosifiliogr (Engl Ed) 2018 Mar 3;109(2):e7-e11. Epub 2017 Mar 3.

E.S.E Centro Dermatológico Federico Lleras Acosta, Bogotá D.C., Colombia; Fundación Universitaria Sanitas, Bogotá D.C., Colombia.

Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis, also known as Gougerot-Carteaud Syndrome, is a rare chronic disease typically affecting young adults. Of unknown etiology, the condition is characterised by oval grayish-brown or erythematous papules that coalesce to form a reticular pattern, usually on the trunk, especially in the intermammary or interscapular region and on the neck. Diagnosis is primarily clinical, based on the appearance of the lesions, the areas affected, and the response to treatment with minocycline. Read More

J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2016 Dec;14(12):1303-1305

Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.

Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2016 25;9:217-23. Epub 2016 Aug 25.

Department of Dermatology, National Skin Centre.

Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis (CRP) of Gougerot and Carteaud was first typified in 1927. With the help of electron microscopy, it has been elucidated that CRP arises due to aberrant keratinization. However, till date, there is no clear consensus on the etiologic trigger for CRP. Read More

Case Rep Dermatol Med 2016 5;2016:2507542. Epub 2016 Apr 5.

Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Teaching Hospital of Treichville, BP 3, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.

Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis of Goujerot-Carteaud is a rare and benign skin disease characterized by flat papules taking a reticulated appearance. It is a skin disease of unknown etiology and nosology that is always discussed. This disease preferentially involves the chest and interscapular regions. Read More