87,724 results match your criteria Compartment Syndromes
Bioelectrochemistry 2018 Dec 1;126:105-112. Epub 2018 Dec 1.
McGill University, Bioresource Engineering Department, 21111 Lakeshore Rd., Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada; National Research Council of Canada, 6100 Royalmount Ave, Montreal, QC H4P 2R2, Canada. Electronic address:
This study compares the biosensing performance of a microbial fuel cell (MFC) and a microbial electrolysis cell (MEC). Initial tests provided a qualitative comparison of MFC and MEC currents after the anode compartment liquid (anolyte) was spiked with acetate, or sulphates of NH, Na, Mg, Fe, or a fertilizer solution. Current measurements showed that the MFC sensor had a faster response time, higher sensitivity, and faster recovery time after the spike. Read More
Orthopedics 2018 Dec 11:1-3. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Femoral nerve palsy with concomitant patellar dislocation is a rare clinical entity that has not previously been well documented. The authors present the case of a 16-year-old female ballet dancer who sustained a patellar dislocation with concomitant femoral nerve palsy. She experienced muscle weakness after the initial injury and developed neuropathic symptoms through the anterior left thigh. Read More
Ann Plast Surg 2019 Jan;82(1S Suppl 1):S6-S12
Department of Orthopedics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
De Quervain's disease is a stenosing tenosynovitis of the first dorsal compartment of the wrist. Histopathological studies have reported that the thickening of the first dorsal retinaculum is characterized by degeneration rather than inflammation. However, significant infiltration of mast cells and macrophages was noted in a torn tendon study, which suggested that innate immune pathways are part of the mechanism that mediates early tendinopathy. Read More
Cytokine 2019 Jan 7;113:39-49. Epub 2018 Jul 7.
Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address:
The main objective of this investigation was to determine whether, despite acute (wasting) deficits of dietary nitrogen and energy, weanling mice could respond to the dendritic cell hematopoietin, Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L), in terms of an index of cell-mediated inflammatory competence. Male and female C57BL/6J weanlings were used, initially 19 days of age, and malnutrition was produced using a nitrogen-deficient diet. In preliminary work ten daily subcutaneous 1. Read More
Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Gill Heart and Vascular Institute University of Kentucky Lexington, Kentucky. United States.
Idiopathic edema (IE), is a syndrome involving real or perceived weight gain secondary to the pathological retention of fluid. This syndrome of generalized edema is almost solely reported in women. The diagnosis of IE is one of exclusion and requires a careful history, physical exam, and clinical suspicion. Read More
Curr Drug Targets 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Division of Neuropharmacology and Neurologic Diseases, Yerkes National Primate Research Center; Atlanta, GA. United States.
The plasminogen activation (PA) system was originally thought to exclusively promote the degradation of fibrin by catalyzing the conversion of plasminogen into plasmin via two serine proteinases: tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA). However, experimental evidence accumulated over the last 30 years indicates that tPA and uPA are also found in the central nervous system (CNS), where they have a plethora of functions that not always require plasmin generation or fibrin degradation. For example, plasminogen-dependent and -independent effects of tPA and uPA play a central role in the pathophysiological events that underlie one of the leading causes of mortality and disability in the world: cerebral ischemia. Read More
World J Surg 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Department of Surgery, KUMC Thyroid Center, Korea University Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 73, Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
Background: Endoscopic transoral thyroidectomy is a recently introduced technique of remote access thyroidectomy. We previously reported the feasibility of the robotic approach (TORT). Nevertheless, experience to date is limited, with scant data on outcomes in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Read More
Environ Manage 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Institute of Sanitary Engineering and Waste Management (ISAH), Leibniz Universität Hannover, Welfengarten 1, Hannover, 30167, Germany.
A multi-stage optimization approach for sustainable collection system design for urban municipal solid waste is developed for megacities in Asia's newly industrialized countries. The approach combines four methods-analysis of waste and area characteristics, data acquisition and evaluation by GIS, mathematical projection of existing and future collection systems, and identification of most suitable alternatives through comparative multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA). The approach is applied in Bangalore, India with 1. Read More
Surg Radiol Anat 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Department of Anatomy, Keimyung University School of Medicine, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Daegu, 704-701, Republic of Korea.
The sartorius muscle (SM) is a long strap muscle originating from the anterior superior iliac spine and inserting onto the medial surface of the proximal tibia. It crosses the anterior compartment of the thigh obliquely and descends towards the medial aspect of the knee. We found an accessory sartorius muscle (ASM) from the inguinal ligament and an original SM bifurcated into medial and lateral heads. Read More
Analyst 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
Faculty of Food Industry and Agriculture, Department of Food Science & Technology, Standard Research Institute (SRI), Karaj, P.O. Box 31745-139, Iran.
In this study, a new chip was designed for simultaneous extraction of acidic and basic drugs by a single chamber on-chip electromembrane extraction (CEME) followed by high performance liquid chromatography. Diclofenac (DIC) and nalmefene (NAL) were selected as acidic and basic model analytes, respectively. In this device, simultaneous extraction of the analytes was carried out using a single compartment. Read More
Biomed Res Int 2018 13;2018:3591086. Epub 2018 Nov 13.
Faculty of Biosciences and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
The relationship between varicocele and fertility has always been a matter of debate because of the absence of predictive clinical indicators or molecular markers able to define the severity of this disease. Even though accumulated evidence demonstrated that the endocannabinoid system (ECS) plays a central role in male reproductive biology, particularly in the testicular compartment, to date no data point to a role for ECS in the etiopathogenesis of varicocele. Therefore, the present research has been designed to investigate the relationship between testicular ECS gene expression and fertility, using a validated animal model of experimental varicocele (VAR), taking advantage of traditional statistical approaches and artificial neural network (ANN). Read More
Open Vet J 2018 22;8(4):445-451. Epub 2018 Nov 22.
Department of Clinical Sciences, Companion and Equine Animals, Ophthalmology, University of Liège, Quartier Vallée 2, Avenue de Cureghem 3, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
Orbital compartment syndrome (OCS) is described in humans as an acute rise in intraorbital pressure following a severe and rapidly evolving orbital affection. It includes orbital oedema, haemorrhage or infection causing a marked reduction in local blood perfusion, and severely affecting the orbital neurovascular structures. If not promptly recognised and treated, it results in irreversible blindness. Read More
Case Rep Orthop 2018 14;2018:2328014. Epub 2018 Nov 14.
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Saiseikai Yokohamashi Tobu Hospital, 3-6-1 Shimosueyoshi, Tsurumi Ward, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0012, Japan.
Well leg compartment syndrome (WLCS) is a rare but severe complication after the surgery in lithotomy position. We present a case of bilateral WLCS that occurred after the prolonged urologic surgery in lithotomy position. A 50-year-old man complained of severe bilateral lower leg pain and swelling sixteen hours after the surgery. Read More
Front Plant Sci 2018 27;9:1755. Epub 2018 Nov 27.
State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.
Potassium (K) distribution is horizontally heterogeneous under the conservation agriculture approach of no-till with strip fertilization. The root foraging strategy of wheat for K heterogeneity is poorly understood. In this study, WinRHIZO, microarray, Non-invasive Micro-test Technology (NMT) and a split-root system were performed to investigate root morphology, gene expression profiling and fluxes of K and O under K heterogeneity and homogeneity conditions. Read More
Front Immunol 2018 27;9:2733. Epub 2018 Nov 27.
Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Macrophages are increasingly recognized as essential players in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis and as key sentinels of the intestinal immune system. However, somewhat paradoxically, they are also implicated in chronic pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and are therefore considered potential targets for novel therapies. In this review, we will discuss recent advances in our understanding of intestinal macrophage heterogeneity, their ontogeny and the potential factors that regulate their origin. Read More
MBio 2018 Dec 11;9(6). Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
is the causative agent of a pneumonia termed Legionnaires' disease. The facultative intracellular bacterium employs the Icm/Dot type IV secretion system (T4SS) and a plethora of translocated "effector" proteins to interfere with host vesicle trafficking pathways and establish a replicative niche, the -containing vacuole (LCV). Internalization of the pathogen and the events immediately ensuing are accompanied by host cell-mediated phosphoinositide (PI) lipid changes and the Icm/Dot-controlled conversion of the LCV from a PtdIns(3)-positive vacuole into a PtdIns(4)-positive replication-permissive compartment, which tightly associates with the endoplasmic reticulum. Read More
Nat Commun 2018 12 6;9(1):5206. Epub 2018 Dec 6.
Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.
Microglia are yolk sac-derived macrophages residing in the parenchyma of brain and spinal cord, where they interact with neurons and other glial. After different conditioning paradigms and bone marrow (BM) or hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation, graft-derived cells seed the brain and persistently contribute to the parenchymal brain macrophage compartment. Here we establish that graft-derived macrophages acquire, over time, microglia characteristics, including ramified morphology, longevity, radio-resistance and clonal expansion. Read More
Environ Microbiol Rep 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.
University of Texas Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) is a promising biofuel crop native to the United States with genotypes that are adapted to a wide range of distinct ecosystems. Various plants have been shown to undergo symbioses with plant growth promoting bacteria and fungi, however, plant-associated microbial communities of switchgrass have not been extensively studied to date. We present 16S ribosomal RNA gene and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) data of rhizosphere and root endosphere compartments of four switchgrass genotypes to test the hypothesis that host selection of its root microbiota prevails after transfer to non-native soil. Read More
J Clin Pharmacol 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.
Organ Transplantation Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
The aim of the present study is to establish a population pharmacokinetic (PPK) model of mycophenolic acid (MPA) and limited sampling strategy models for the estimation of MPA exposure in Chinese adult renal allograft recipients following oral administration of enteric coated mycophenolate sodium (EC-MPS). A total of 74 sets of full pharmacokinetic profiles and 47 sets of MPA-sparing samples were collected from 102 renal transplant recipients who received oral EC-MPS. The MPA concentration was determined by an enzyme-multiplied immunoassay technique, and the pathophysiologic data were recorded. Read More
J Clin Pharmacol 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Established Products, Janssen Research & Development, Titusville, NJ, USA.
Dacogen, the formulated product of the pharmaceutically active agent decitabine (5 aza-2'-deoxycytidine), is approved for treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The current analysis was performed to characterize the pharmacokinetics of decitabine in pediatric patients with AML and evaluate their consistency with the PK in adult patients. A population pharmacokinetic model was developed by pooling decitabine concentration-time data from 5 adult (AML and MDS) and 2 pediatric (AML) studies. Read More
J Clin Pharmacol 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Global Clinical Pharmacology, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, PA, USA.
Population pharmacokinetics (PK) and exposure-response (E-R) analyses were conducted to compare the PK and E-R relationships of golimumab between children and adults with ulcerative colitis. PK data following subcutaneous golimumab administration to children with ulcerative colitis (6-17 years) in the PURSUIT-PEDS-PK study, adults with ulcerative colitis in the PURSUIT study, and children with pediatric polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (2-17 years) in the GO-KIDS study, were included in the population PK analysis. E-R analysis was conducted using logistic regression to link serum golimumab concentration and Mayo score-based efficacy outcomes in pediatric and adult ulcerative colitis. Read More
CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108.
A major challenge in population pharmacokinetic (popPK) modeling is handling data with missing or potentially incorrect dosing records. Leaving such records untreated or 'commented out' will cause bias in parameter estimates. Several approaches were previously developed to address this challenge. Read More
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2018 Nov;22(22):7891-7898
Internal Medicine and Health Sciences CHC-UFPR, Curitiba, Brazil.
Objective: Body's lean mass compartment is a strong predictor of morbidity and mortality risk in various clinical conditions. This paper proposes a simple and easily applied reference table for lean body mass (LBM) and lean body mass index (LBMI) for the Italian population.
Patients And Methods: Retrospective analysis of a database containing anthropometric and DXA body composition measurements obtained from a cross-sectional study conducted between 2002 and 2009 with Italian individuals. Read More
Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.
Department of Pharmacy, Fukuoka University Hospital, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Zyounan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan.
Background And Objective: Lithium, which is used to treat bipolar disorder, has a narrow therapeutic blood concentration range and quickly reaches clinically toxic levels. We performed a population pharmacokinetic analysis with a lithium tubular reabsorption model including urinary pH and investigated the relationship between blood lithium concentration and tremor as a side effect.
Methods: Routine clinical data, including 389 serum concentrations, were collected from 214 patients orally administered an adjusted amount of lithium carbonate. Read More
World J Surg 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.
Department of Ultrasound, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 197 Ruijin 2 Rd, 200025, Shanghai, China.
Background: Our purpose is to assess the effectiveness and safety of ultrasound-guided percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA) for lymph node metastases (LNMs) from papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC).
Methods: In total, 14 patients with recurrent PTC were enrolled in this retrospective study. The vascularity within the ablation zone was evaluated by contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) after MWA. Read More
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.
Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Department, University Hospital of Modena, Largo del Pozzo, 71, 41125, Modena, Italy.
Purpose: Locoregional recurrence of thyroid carcinoma is relatively common and reported rate are between 5 and 20%. Cervical nodes are usually involved, especially at the central compartment. The management of recurrent thyroid carcinoma at central compartment still remains challenging because of higher incidence of complication rate. Read More
Orthopade 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.
Orthopädie und Traumatologie, Bürgerspital Solothurn, 4500, Solothurn, Schweiz.
Background: The mechanisms of anterior cruciate ligament (ACR) rupture may include a pivoting mechanism, which is responsible for concomitant lesions of the anterolateral structures. This anterolateral complex is the main stabilizer of tibial internal rotation and therefore accountable for a persisting pivot shift despite technical improvement of ACR reconstruction. For this reason, knee surgeons' interest in addressing anterolateral stabilization in addition to ACR reconstruction has been renewed. Read More
Exp Suppl 2018 ;109:319-350
Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
The interaction between intracellular bacterial pathogens with the host immune response can result in multiple outcomes that range from asymptomatic clearance to the establishment of infection. At its core, these interactions result in multiple metabolic adaptations of both the pathogen and its host cell. There is growing evidence that the host metabolic response plays a key role in the development of immune responses against the invading pathogen. Read More
Calcif Tissue Int 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.
Orthopaedic Research and Biotechnology Unit, Kids Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Locked Bag 4001, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia.
Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) of healthy donor cells has been postulated as a strategy for treating osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) and other bone fragility disorders. The effect of engraftment by tail vein injection and/or marrow ablation by 6 Gy whole body irradiation were tested in Col1a2 (OI) mice as a model of mild-moderate OI. Dual-emission X-ray absorptiometry, microCT, and 4-point bending were used to measure bone volume (BV), bone mineral density (BMD), and biomechanical strength. Read More
J Antimicrob Chemother 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.
Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry and Clinical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, Ghent, Belgium.
Objectives: Altered linezolid pharmacokinetics (PK) in obese individuals has been hypothesized in previous studies. However, specific dosing recommendations for this population are still lacking. The main goal of this study was to evaluate PK/pharmacodynamic (PKPD) target attainment when using a 600 mg intravenous q12h linezolid dose against MRSA in obese patients with pneumonia. Read More
Rom J Morphol Embryol 2018 ;59(3):787-802
Department of Occlusology and Fixed Prosthetics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania;
Aim: Occlusal trauma causes major modifications of the coverage periodontium, which in turn reflect on the dental unit. The aim of the present study is to evaluate some of the morphological modifications occurred in the marginal periodontium surrounding teeth affected by occlusal trauma.
Materials And Methods: Fragments of marginal periodontium coming from 51 patients with occlusal trauma were processed using classical histological techniques (formalin fixation and paraffin embedment) and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE), Masson's trichrome and anti-CD34 antibody immunostaining, in order to highlight the epithelial and connective tissue changes of gingival mucosa. Read More
Plant Methods 2018 5;14:107. Epub 2018 Dec 5.
1UNIROUEN, Laboratoire Glyco-MEV EA4358, Normandie Univ, 76000 Rouen, France.
Background: Protein -glycosylation is initiated within the endoplasmic reticulum through the synthesis of a lipid-linked oligosaccharides (LLO) precursor. This precursor is then transferred on neo-synthesized proteins through the action of the oligosaccharyltransferase giving birth to glycoproteins. The -linked glycans bore by the glycoproteins are then processed into oligomannosides prior to the exit of the glycoproteins from the endoplasmic reticulum and its entrance into the Golgi apparatus. Read More
Microb Cell 2018 Oct 18;5(12):525-544. Epub 2018 Oct 18.
Division of Cellular and Applied Infection Biology, Institute of Biology II, RWTH Aachen University, Germany.
Host cell exit is a critical step in the life-cycle of intracellular pathogens, intimately linked to barrier penetration, tissue dissemination, inflammation, and pathogen transmission. Like cell invasion and intracellular survival, host cell exit represents a well-regulated program that has evolved during host-pathogen co-evolution and that relies on the dynamic and intricate interplay between multiple host and microbial factors. Three distinct pathways of host cell exit have been identified that are employed by three different taxa of intracellular pathogens, bacteria, fungi and protozoa, namely (i) the initiation of programmed cell death, (ii) the active breaching of host cellderived membranes, and (iii) the induced membrane-dependent exit without host cell lysis. Read More
Arthrosc Tech 2018 Nov 29;7(11):e1215-e1219. Epub 2018 Oct 29.
Taos Orthopaedic Institute, Taos, New Mexico, U.S.A.
Deep medial collateral ligament (MCL) injury leads to meniscal lift-off and extrusion of the medial meniscus, resulting in instability and increased medial compartment pressures with subsequent cartilage damage. Repair of the deep MCL meniscotibial ligament in concert with superficial MCL repair or reconstruction is intended to restore the native anatomy , stability, and function of the medial meniscus. We present an arthroscopically assisted technique using standard arthroscopy portals and a medial open approach. Read More
Arthrosc Tech 2018 Nov 15;7(11):e1167-e1171. Epub 2018 Oct 15.
Laredo Arthroscopy Center, Laredo, Texas, U.S.A.
Hip arthroscopy has been increasing tremendously in the past decade and is a very common surgical procedure to repair femoroacetabular impingement. To access the hip joint, distraction is mandatory to treat intra-articular disorders such as labral tears, cartilage loose bodies, and ligamentum teres tears and to evaluate the condition of the femoral head and acetabular cartilage. To distract the hip, counterdistraction is needed, and this is achieved with placement of a bulky and cushioned perineal post. Read More
PeerJ 2018 4;6:e6041. Epub 2018 Dec 4.
Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Engineering Research, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
Background: The nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation (N-DAMO) pathway, which plays an important role in carbon and nitrogen cycling in aquatic ecosystems, is mediated by "Candidatus " () of the NC10 phylum. -like bacteria are widespread in nature, however, the presence, spatial heterogeneity and genetic diversity of in the rhizosphere of aquatic plants has not been widely reported.
Method: In order to simulate the rhizosphere microenvironment of submerged plants, was cultivated using the rhizobox approach. Read More
Indian J Anaesth 2018 Nov;62(11):851-857
Department of Orthopaedics, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India.
Background And Aims: Perineural and intravenous dexmedetomidine as a local anaesthetic adjunct has not been compared previously in fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB). The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and side effect profile of dexmedetomidine as an adjunct to bupivacaine in single dose FICB for femur surgeries in two different routes i.e. Read More
Sci Rep 2018 Dec 7;8(1):17723. Epub 2018 Dec 7.
Institute of Public Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
Plasma clearance of iohexol is a key tool to precisely determine glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in clinical research and clinical practice. Despite evidence that iohexol pharmacokinetics are described best by three-compartment models, two-compartment approaches (Schwartz approach) are customary, which might result in avoidable bias and imprecision. We aimed to provide a population pharmacokinetic (popPK) model of iohexol by re-evaluating data from the Berlin Initiative Study (BIS) to compare respective clearance estimates to the Schwartz approach and to assess the impact of revised clearance estimates on the BIS equations. Read More
Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.
Kidney Institute of New Mexico.
Purpose Of Review: The hegemony of gadolinium-based contrast agent-induced adverse events stretches beyond those who have renal impairment. 'Nephrogenic' systemic fibrosis is a misnomer: gadolinium-based contrast agents are the known trigger for the disease; kidney impairment is a risk factor. Impaired (true) glomerular filtration may be one catalyst for gadolinium-based contrast agent-induced adverse events, but it is increasingly evident that the same cluster of symptoms occurs in patients with normal renal function. Read More
Clin Orthop Relat Res 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.
T. J. Shelton, M. L. Hull Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA S. M. Howell, M. L. Hull Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA M. L. Hull Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
Background: Four mechanical alignment force targets are used to predict early patient-reported outcomes and/or to indicate a balanced TKA. For surgeons who use kinematic alignment, there are no reported force targets. To date the usefulness of these mechanical alignment force targets with kinematic alignment has not been reported nor has a specific force target for kinematic alignment been identified. Read More
Neural Regen Res 2019 Jan;14(1):114-123
Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences and Dartmouth Brain Imaging Center, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
Multiple sclerosis is a neurodegenerative and inflammatory disease, a hallmark of which is demyelinating lesions in the white matter. We hypothesized that alterations in white matter microstructures can be non-invasively characterized by advanced diffusion magnetic resonance imaging. Seven diffusion metrics were extracted from hybrid diffusion imaging acquisitions via classic diffusion tensor imaging, neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging, and q-space imaging. Read More
J Nucl Med 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.
Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
Beta-secretase 1 (BACE1) is a key enzyme in the generation of beta-amyloid, which is accumulated in the brain of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. PF-06684511 was identified as a candidate PET ligand for imaging BACE1 in the brain, and showed high specific binding in an initial assessment in a non-human primate (NHP) PET study utilizing F-PF-06684511. In this effort, we aimed to quantitatively evaluate the regional brain distribution of F-PF-06684511 in NHPs under baseline and blocking conditions as well as assess the target occupancy of BACE1 inhibitors. Read More
J Environ Manage 2018 Dec 6;232:875-886. Epub 2018 Dec 6.
National Research Centre, Water Pollution Research Department, Giza, 12622, Egypt. Electronic address:
In this study, compartment-wise investigation of an anammox baffled reactor (AnBR) was performed. The AnBR achieved steady-state conditions after a start-up period of ∼50 days and achieved NH and NO conversion percentages of 88.5 and 99. Read More
Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2018 Nov 24;61:84-94. Epub 2018 Nov 24.
Mayo Clinic Biomechanics Laboratories, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Sports Medicine Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between tibial slope angle and ligament strain during in vitro landing simulations that induce ACL failure through the application of variable external loading at the knee. The hypothesis tested was that steeper posterior tibial slope angle would be associated with higher ACL strain during a simulated landing task across all external loading conditions.
Methods: Kinetics previously derived from an in vivo cohort performing drop landings were reproduced on 45 cadaveric knees via the mechanical impact simulator. Read More
J Environ Manage 2018 Dec 5;232:818-828. Epub 2018 Dec 5.
Embrapa Informática Agropecuária, CEP: 13083-886, Campinas, SP Brazil. Electronic address:
The Brazilian Cerrado is the second largest biome in Latin America, extending over more than 200 million ha and hosts some of the most intensive agricultural activities for grain and beef production in the world. Because of the biodiversity richness and high levels of endemism, Cerrado is considered one of world's hotspot for biodiversity conservation. The objectives of this study are three-fold: to present a comprehensive division of Cerrado into different ecoregions that reflect the environmental heterogeneity within the biome; to analyze the ecoregions in terms of biophysical characteristics, protected areas, environmental liability in riparian permanent protection areas along watercourses, and priorities for biodiversity conservation; and to rank the ecoregions in terms of endangerment for biodiversity conservation and restoration. Read More
Curr Opin Microbiol 2018 Dec 4;47:45-51. Epub 2018 Dec 4.
Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Illinois-Chicago, United States; Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois-Chicago, United States; Jesse Brown Veterans Administration Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States. Electronic address:
After uptake by epithelial cells or engulfment by macrophages, Salmonella resides in an acidic vacuole. Salmonella senses this acidic compartment through the action of the EnvZ/OmpR two-component regulatory system. OmpR, in turn, represses the cadC/BA system, preventing neutralization of the bacterial cytoplasm. Read More
Neurosci Lett 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.
The MIND Research Network, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States.
Diffusion MRI studies characterizing the changes in white matter (WM) due to vascular cognitive impairment, which includes all forms of small vessel disease are reviewed. We reviewed the usefulness of diffusion methods in discriminating the affected WM regions and its relation to cognitive impairment. These studies were categorized based on the diffusion MRI techniques used. Read More
EBioMedicine 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.
State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China. Electronic address:
Background: Type I IFN-based therapies against solid malignancies have yielded only limited success. How IFN affects tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) compartment to impact the therapeutic outcomes are not well understood.
Methods: The effect of an IFN-inducer poly(I:C) on tumor-infiltrating monocytes and TAMs were analyzed using a transplantable mouse tumor model (LLC). Read More
Am J Emerg Med 2018 Nov 24. Epub 2018 Nov 24.
University of Cincinnati, Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America. Electronic address:
Compartment syndrome is a potentially limb-threatening disease process, leading to decreased tissue perfusion and cellular death [1]. The following presentation is believed to be the first reported case of thenar compartment syndrome, which occurred without an identifiable cause. A 67-year-old male presented with 12 h of left-hand pain, located at the base of the thumb and worsened with movement. Read More
J Biomech 2018 Nov 29. Epub 2018 Nov 29.
Biorobotics and Biomechanics Lab (BRML), Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel.
Prominent conservative treatment options for medial-compartment knee osteoarthritis include footwear that reduces knee adduction moment (KAM) correlated with detrimental loads in the medial compartment of the knee, thus providing clinical benefit. The proposed mechanism by which they reduce KAM is a lateral shift in foot center of pressure (COP) and a consequent shortening of the knee lever arm (KLA), thereby reducing KAM, which can be simply calculated as KLA multiplied by the frontal plane ground reaction force (FP-GRF). The present study investigated this mechanism for a unique biomechanical device capable of shifting COP by means of moveable convex elements attached to the shoe. Read More