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Int J Surg Case Rep 2020 Jun 12;72:346-350. Epub 2020 Jun 12.

Fundación Valle del Lili, Cra. 98 ## 18-49, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia; Universidad Icesi, Cl. 18 #122-135, Facultad de Medicina, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Electronic address:

Introduction: Crush syndrome (CS) is a condition with a high morbidity and mortality due to severe electrolyte disorders, circulatory dysfunction and multiple organ failure, secondary to severe rhabdomyolysis and reperfusion injuries. There is controversy about the role of fasciotomy in the treatment of compartment syndromes due to crush injuries and it is still unknown if early amputation has patient-centered benefits.

Case Presentation: This is a 29-year-old patient whose lower body was trapped for 50 h under a 40-meter landslide. Read More

J Pediatr Surg 2020 May 11. Epub 2020 May 11.

Department of Surgery, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE.

Background: Differentiated thyroid carcinomas (DTCs) are rare in young children but represent almost 10% of all malignancies diagnosed in older adolescents.

Methods: This article reviews the recent literature describing surgical therapeutic approaches to pediatric DTC, associated complications, and long-term recurrence and survival outcomes.

Results: Similar to adult thyroid cancers, pediatric DTCs are more common in females and are associated with thyroid nodules, family history of thyroid cancer, radiation exposure, iodine deficiency, autoimmune thyroid disease, and genetic syndromes. Read More

Neurosci Lett 2020 Jun 10;735:135155. Epub 2020 Jun 10.

SPPIN CNRS UMR 8003, Université de Paris, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, Paris, 75006, France.

The extracellular matrix at the neuromuscular junction is built upon components secreted by the motoneuron, the muscle cell and terminal Schwann cells, the cells constituting this specific synapse. This compartment contains glycoproteins, proteoglycans and collagens that form a dense and specialized layer, the synaptic basal lamina. A number of these molecules are known to play a crucial role in anterograde and retrograde signalings that are active in neuromuscular junction formation, maintenance and function. Read More

Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue 2020 Apr;32(4):498-501

Department of Tumor Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037005, Shanxi, China. Corresponding author: Wang Hongye, Email:

Objective: To select the animal model more consistent with the pathophysiology of abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) through the comparative study of the methods of multiple water sacs superimposed compression and gas perfusion.

Methods: Ten experimental pigs were randomly divided into two groups (n = 5): the "constant volume model" (constant volume model group) and the "constant pressure model" (constant pressure model group) of intra-abdominal hypertension. The models were prepared by the method of water sac superposition and pressurization, and artificial pneumoperitoneum respectively. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 Jun;99(23):e20504

Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland.

Rationale: Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is a feared complication following traumatic injuries. We describe the occurrence of silent ACS of the hand in a 2-year old patient with atypical symptoms.

Patient Concerns: Our patient experienced massive swelling but minimal pain of the hand after a heavy bistro table with a stone tabletop had fallen on the right hand. Read More

Arch Bone Jt Surg 2020 Mar;8(2):121-130

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, La Paz University Hospital-IdiPaz, Paseo de la Castellana, Madrid, Spain.

Prevention is essential for avoiding the complications of muscle hematomas (pseudotumors, compartment syndromes and peripheral nerve lesions) in hemophilic patients. This is achieved through early diagnosis of muscle hematomas and proper long-term hematological treatment until they have resolved (confirmed by image studies). Ultrasound-guided percutaneous drainage could be beneficial in terms of achieving better and faster symptom relief. Read More

Trauma Surg Acute Care Open 2020 17;5(1):e000485. Epub 2020 May 17.

Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Emergency Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan.

Wilderness Environ Med 2020 May 24. Epub 2020 May 24.

Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.

Snakebites are a neglected and underestimated global health hazard. In the Brazilian Amazon, Bothrops snakebites are the most prevalent and may lead to severe complications. Here we describe a severe case of Bothrops atrox snakebite that, owing to delayed medical assistance, presented with renal and respiratory failure, compartment syndrome, and tissue necrosis. Read More

Clin Sports Med 2020 Jul;39(3):589-596

The Andrews Institute, The Andrews Research and Education Foundation, 1040 Gulf Breeze Parkway, Suite 203, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA. Electronic address:

When more obvious and common causes of elbow pathology are ruled out, it is important to be aware of uncommon causes of elbow pain in throwers. The Lacertus syndrome can be a debilitating problem when overlooked; however, it can be easily diagnosed with a careful history and physical examination. If the description suggests a postexertional compartment-like problem, consider having the patient throw before the examination, and the diagnosis becomes easier to either confirm or rule out. Read More

J Hum Hypertens 2020 May 18. Epub 2020 May 18.

1st Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) constitutes the complex anatomic and physiologic interface between the intravascular compartment and the central nervous system, and its integrity is paramount for the maintenance of the very sensitive homeostasis of the central nervous system. Arterial hypertension is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The BBB has been shown to be disrupted in essential hypertension. Read More

Unfallchirurg 2020 Jun;123(6):479-490

Klinik und Poliklinik für Unfallchirurgie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, München, Deutschland.

Shaft fractures of the tibia and fibula mainly affect younger patients and are therefore of great socioeconomic importance. Due to the high proportion of high-energy direct trauma mechanisms and the thin soft tissue covering layer of the ventromedian tibia, open factures occur in up to 39%. A structured diagnostic and therapeutic approach is essential for successful treatment. Read More

Sci Rep 2020 May 4;10(1):7490. Epub 2020 May 4.

The University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, UK.

Werner Syndrome (WS) and Bloom Syndrome (BS) are disorders of DNA damage repair caused by biallelic disruption of the WRN or BLM DNA helicases respectively. Both are commonly associated with insulin resistant diabetes, usually accompanied by dyslipidemia and fatty liver, as seen in lipodystrophies. In keeping with this, progressive reduction of subcutaneous adipose tissue is commonly observed. Read More

Rev Col Bras Cir 2020 Jan-Fev;47:e20202378

Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Hospital Universitário Gaffrée e Guinle, DECIGE - Rio de janeiro - RJ - Brasil.

Objectives: Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) is a common morbid condition in critically ill patients. Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) is a severe condition that requires surgical treatment, and it is an evolution of undiagnosed and untreated IAH. This study aims to highlight the importance of clinical evidence, and proposes screening as well as medical protocols for IAH and ACS, in intensive care units. Read More

PLoS One 2020 15;15(4):e0230830. Epub 2020 Apr 15.

Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Hospital Bergstrasse, Heppenheim, Germany.

Introduction: Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) is a well-known phenomenon in critically ill patients. Effects of a moderately elevated intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) on lung mechanics are still not fully analyzed. Moreover, the optimal positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in elevated IAP is unclear. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2020 Apr 14;14(1):46. Epub 2020 Apr 14.

Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan.

Background: Fasciotomy is a life-saving procedure to treat acute compartment syndrome, a surgical emergency. As fasciotomy dramatically improves wound pain, it should be performed as soon as possible. Moreover, delays in the use of fasciotomy can increase the rate of wound infections. Read More

Res Gerontol Nurs 2020 Apr 13:1-12. Epub 2020 Apr 13.

The purpose of this study was to examine genetic variability and knee pain in persons with osteoarthritis (OA). Seventy-five participants with medial compartment knee OA were recruited from a large Midwestern tertiary care center. Participants exhibited a mean age of 56. Read More

Sci Adv 2020 04 1;6(14):eaay4472. Epub 2020 Apr 1.

Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Departamento de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

The potassium channel Kv7.1 associates with the KCNE1 regulatory subunit to trigger cardiac currents. Although the Kv7. Read More

Unfallchirurg 2020 Jul;123(7):564-570

Klinik und Poliklinik für Unfallchirurgie am Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Deutschland.

This article reports the case of an 81-year-old male patient under treatment with oral anticoagulation who suffered delayed compartment syndrome of the upper arm from arterial capillary hemorrhage after shovelling snow. The diagnosis was made 48 h after the initial symptoms in the emergency surgical department of the Klinikum rechts der Isar (München) with the presence of clear neurological deficits. Following computed tomography angiography (CTA) imaging an emergency dermatofasciotomy was carried out as well as a vascular ligature via a medial approach. Read More

Am Surg 2020 Mar;86(3):e150-e152

Am Surg 2020 Feb;86(2):e67-e68

Prog Retin Eye Res 2020 Mar 10:100848. Epub 2020 Mar 10.

Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Iatrogenic ophthalmic artery occlusion (IOAO) is a rare but devastating ophthalmic disease that may cause sudden and permanent visual loss. Understanding the possible etiologic modalities and pathogenic mechanisms of IOAO may prevent its occurrence. There are numerous medical etiologies of IOAO, including cosmetic facial filler injection, intravascular procedures, intravitreal gas or drug injection, retrobulbar anesthesia, intraarterial chemotherapy in retinoblastoma. Read More

Sports Health 2020 May/Jun;12(3):304-309. Epub 2020 Mar 12.

Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.

Background: Chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) is primarily seen in running athletes. Previous outcomes of surgical treatment with fasciotomy have suggested moderate pain relief, but evidence is lacking regarding postoperative return to running.

Hypothesis: Running athletes with limiting symptoms of CECS will show high rates of return to running after fasciotomy. Read More

N Z Med J 2020 03 13;133(1511):86-89. Epub 2020 Mar 13.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Middlemore Hospital, Counties Manukau District Health Board, Auckland.

Cancers (Basel) 2020 03 5;12(3). Epub 2020 Mar 5.

Cystic Fibrosis Center, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti, 60126 Ancona, Italy.

Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS) is a rare inherited bone marrow failure syndrome, resulting in neutropenia and a risk of myeloid neoplasia. A mutation in a ribosome maturation factor accounts for almost all of the cases. Lymphoid involvement in SDS has not been well characterized. Read More

Clin Ter 2020 Mar-Apr;171(2):e156-e160

Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Disciplines, University of Palermo, Palermo.

Background: Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) is a clinical condition caused by an increase in intra-abdominal pressure. The incidence is variable, based on the type of patients taken into consideration, increasing exponentially in critical conditions, such as traumatized, burned patients in shock. The syndrome can also follow surgical procedures like transplantation of abdominal organs, for example configuring rare pictures such as RACS (post-transplant kidney syndrome). Read More

Unfallchirurg 2020 Jun;123(6):496-500

Klinik für Allgemeine, Unfall- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Klinikum der Universität München, Campus Innenstadt und Großhadern, Marchioninistraße 17, 81377, München, Deutschland.

This article reports the case of a 42-year-old male patient, who sustained a gluteal compartment syndrome after drug-induced immobilization with subsequent rhabdomyolysis and sciatic nerve palsy. Unlike compartment syndrome of the forearm or lower leg, this is a rare condition. After immediate surgical decompression and installation of negative pressure wound treatment, hemofiltration in acute renal failure could be averted using forced diuresis. Read More

Ital J Pediatr 2020 Feb 18;46(1):25. Epub 2020 Feb 18.

Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, AOUP "P. Giaccone" Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Via Alfonso Giordano n. 3, 90127, Palermo, Italy.

Background: Aplasia cutis congenita (ACC), classified in nine groups, is likely to be underreported, since milder isolated lesions in wellbeing newborns could often be undetected, and solitary lesions in the context of polymalformative syndromes could not always be reported. Regardless of form and cause, therapeutic options have in common the aim to restore the deficient mechanical and immunological cutaneous protection and to limit the risk of fluid leakage or rupture of the exposed organs. We aimed to review our institutional prevalence, comorbidities, treatment and outcome of newborns with ACC. Read More

Einstein (Sao Paulo) 2020 27;18:eRC4778. Epub 2020 Jan 27.

Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

This is a case report of a previously healthy athlete who did not use oral anticoagulant, suffered a rupture of the distal biceps brachii tendon, and evolved with arm compartment syndrome. An emergency fasciotomy and the repair of the tendon were performed. After surgery the patient had a good recovery of the paresthesia and sensibility. Read More

Platelets 2020 Jan 27:1-10. Epub 2020 Jan 27.

Pittsburgh Trauma Research Center and Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Platelets are damage sentinels of the intravascular compartment, initiating and coordinating the primary response to tissue injury. Severe trauma and hemorrhage induce profound alterations in platelet behavior. During the acute post-injury phase, platelets develop a state of impaired agonist responsiveness independent of platelet count, associated with systemic coagulopathy and mortality risk. Read More

Diagnostics (Basel) 2020 Jan 21;10(2). Epub 2020 Jan 21.

Cardiology Division, Elias Emergency University Hospital, 011416 Bucharest, Romania.

The term allergic angina, introduced for the first time by Nicholas Kounis in 1991, initially referred to the coexistence of acute coronary syndromes with allergy or hypersensitivity. At present, it is believed that Kounis syndrome is a particular case of systemic disease, with multiorgan arterial involvement generated during immediate hypersensitivity reactions. Myocardial bridging (MB), a condition that can induce coronary artery spasm, has long been regarded as a benign condition. Read More

Unfallchirurg 2020 Jan;123(Suppl 1):1-2

Department of Surgery Máxima Medical Center, De Run 4600, P.O. Box 7777, 5500 MB, Veldhoven, The Netherlands.

Int J Sports Med 2020 Mar 14;41(3):196-202. Epub 2020 Jan 14.

Grenoble University Hospital, Sports and Pathology Unit, Alpes Hypoxie and physiopathology Grenoble University, INSERM U 1042, Echirolles, France.

This study aimed to assess prevalence and incidence of chronic exertional compartmental syndrome as well as functional outcomes after surgery in elite Nordic skiers. An exhaustive list of 294 elite Nordic skiers from the French national teams between 1994 and 2014 was analyzed through their individual medical files in order to identify cases of chronic exertional compartmental syndrome. Eighteen athletes had confirmed diagnosis and performed a structured interview to identify factors associated with chronic exertional compartmental syndrome and surgery outcomes. Read More

Int Immunopharmacol 2020 Mar 10;80:106192. Epub 2020 Jan 10.

Division of Clinical Evaluation and Pharmacology/Toxicology, Office of Tissue and Advanced Therapies (OTAT), Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food & Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002, USA.

Background: Immunoglobulin products are widely used across multiple therapeutic areas such as immunodeficiency syndromes, infection and autoimmune diseases. The pharmacokinetics (PK) of immunoglobulins are well characterized in adults, but very little is known about the PK of immunoglobulins in neonates and infants (<2 years of age).

Objective: The objectives of the present study were: (1) characterize the PK of immunoglobulin intravenous preparation using model-independent (non-compartmental analysis), and (2) develop and evaluate a population PK model with extensive blood samples (8 blood samples) and sparse blood samples (2-3 blood samples). Read More

Cytometry B Clin Cytom 2020 Mar 9;98(2):131-145. Epub 2020 Jan 9.

Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.

Background: We sought to enhance the cytometric analysis of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) by performing a pilot study of a single cell mass cytometry (MCM) assay to more comprehensively analyze patterns of surface marker expression in patients with MDS.

Methods: Twenty-three MDS and five healthy donor bone marrow samples were studied using a 34-parameter mass cytometry panel utilizing barcoding and internal reference standards. The resulting data were analyzed by both traditional gating and high-dimensional clustering. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Dec 23;12(12). Epub 2019 Dec 23.

Department of Neurological Surgery, Radiology and Mechanical Engineering and Stroke and Applied Neuroscience Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Access site complications from transradial approaches for endovascular interventions are uncommon and many are preventable. Complications described in the literature include hematoma, radial artery occlusion, vasospasm, and even compartment syndrome. Mild post-procedure discomfort reported by patients is typically self-limited and managed symptomatically with oral analgesics. Read More

Trauma Case Rep 2019 Dec 19;24:100249. Epub 2019 Nov 19.

Trauma Services, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Whilst post-traumatic respiratory failure is the most common indication for use of VV-ECMO in trauma patients, its use in traumatic thoracic compartment syndrome is not yet well described. Thoracic compartment syndrome, a rare complication of thoracic trauma, occurs in the setting of chest wall injuries, impaired chest wall compliance, pulmonary contusions and subsequent high ventilatory pressures. This in turn impairs venous return and increases risk of circulatory arrest due to obstructive shock. Read More

Khirurgiia (Mosk) 2019 (12):132-136

Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russia, Burdenko Clinic of Faculty-Based Surgery, Moscow, Russia.

The problem of giant chest tumors is still actual despite the progress in diagnostics of intrathoracic cancer. Surgical treatment of giant tumors should always be considered as a part of combined antitumor treatment. Large tumor is not a contraindication for surgery per se. Read More

Surgery 2020 02 6;167(2):478-483. Epub 2019 Dec 6.

Section of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL. Electronic address:

Background: Abdominal compartment syndrome has been linked to detrimental hemodynamic side effects that include increased intracranial pressure and diminished renal function, but the mechanisms behind this continue to be elucidated. In this study, we sought to investigate any direct association between acute elevations in intra-abdominal pressure and intracranial hypertension during experimentally induced abdominal compartment syndrome and between acutely elevated intracranial pressure and the hemodynamic response that might be elicited by a vasopressin-induced Cushing reflex affecting urine osmolality and urine output. The aim of this study is to explain the Cushing reflex and the vasopressin-mediated hemodynamic response to intracranial pressure during acute elevations in intra-abdominal pressure. Read More

Pediatr Emerg Care 2019 Dec;35(12):874-878

Assistant Professor and Director of Ultrasound (Gottlieb), Assistant Professor (Davenport), and Resident Physician (Adams, Chien), Department of Emergency Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL.

Abdominal compartment syndrome is an emergent condition caused by increased pressure within the abdominal compartment. It can be caused by a number of etiologies, which are associated with decreased abdominal wall compliance, increased intraluminal or intraperitoneal contents, or edema from capillary leak or fluid resuscitation. The history and physical examination are of limited utility, and the criterion standard for diagnosis is intra-abdominal pressure measurement, which is typically performed via an intravesical catheter. Read More

Bull Hosp Jt Dis (2013) 2019 Dec;77(4):230-232

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to present one institution's experience managing chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) and to identify patient and surgical characteristics associated with better outcomes following open surgical management of CECS with specific emphasis on return to sports.

Methods: Fifteen patients (10 male, 5 female) who underwent open fasciotomy for CECS with a minimum of 1-year follow-up were included. Chart review was performed to obtain patient demographics, medical and surgical history, presenting symptomatology, and surgical details of fasciotomy. Read More

JAAPA 2019 Dec;32(12):40-45

At the time this article was written, Rebecca L. Dodd was a student in the doctor of medical science program at the University of Lynchburg in Lynchburg, Va. She now practices pulmonary and critical care medicine in the cardiac ICU at Mercy General Hospital in Sacramento, Calif. Mark E. Archambault is an associate professor in the doctor of medical science program, physician assistant education concentration, at the University of Lynchburg. The authors have disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.

The global epidemiologic burden of sepsis is difficult to ascertain. Sepsis affects more than 31.5 million people worldwide every year, potentially resulting in 5 million deaths. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Nov;98(48):e18158

Department of Cardiovascular Medicine.

Rationale: Acute myocardial infarction is usually caused by coronary atherosclerotic plaque disruption (rupture or erosion), also including other uncommon etiologies. Pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (PEH) is a rare low to intermediate malignant vascular tumor originating from vascular endothelial cells. Here, we report a rare case of acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) due to extrinsic compression of left coronary artery from PEH. Read More

J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 2019 Jul;109(4):312-316

Compartment syndromes associated with arthroscopy have been rarely reported. Compartment syndrome after knee arthroscopy has been reported in some case reports, whereas we could find only one case report of acute compartment syndrome following ankle arthroscopy after Maisonneuve fracture. However, there has been no previous report of a case of acute compartment syndrome after ankle arthroscopy in an atraumatic patient. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2020 Jan - Feb;59(1):201-205. Epub 2019 Nov 20.

Attending Physician, Emergency and Hyperbaric Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN.

Acute compartment syndrome is a critical condition, most commonly arising as the result of high-energy trauma, fracture, and crush injury. Early diagnosis and treatment are imperative to avoid permanent functional damage to the affected extremity. Although isolated pedal compartment syndrome is well studied in adults, in the pediatric population, it has been seldom reported. Read More

Emerg Med J 2019 Dec;36(12):715-721

Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, North District Hospital, Sheung Shui, Hong Kong, China.

Shock 2020 01;53(1):5-15

Department of Anesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.

Sepsis is a complex host response triggered by an infection, with the patient's immune system between hyper- and hypo-responsiveness being the main reason for the syndromes' development and propagation. Studies conducted in peripheral blood mononuclear cells uncovered an association between an impaired immunometabolism and the severity and outcome of the disease. With this prospective observational study, we aimed to evaluate the immunometabolic phenotype of monocytes and B cells and its association with the cell function. Read More

Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2019 Aug 5;19(3):e192-e200. Epub 2019 Nov 5.

Department of Surgery, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia.

Compartment syndrome is a surgical emergency that could be resolved by a fasciotomy. However, performing substantial skin incisions may lead to life-threatening complications. This narrative review aimed to present the available methods of wound closure and preferential factors for using each technique. Read More