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Clin Podiatr Med Surg 2019 Apr 12;36(2):163-171. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Orthopaedic Center, Gundersen Health System, Mail Stop: CO2-006, 1900 South Avenue, La Crosse, WI 54601, USA. Electronic address:

Performing a thorough clinical evaluation following an acute displaced intra-articular calcaneal fracture is paramount for optimal surgical timing and long-term outcome. Initial survey must entail a comprehensive evaluation to rule out concurrent injuries. Focused lower extremity examination must involve a complete neurovascular and soft tissue evaluation to identify such conditions as compartment syndrome or compromised integument, which necessitate urgent intervention. Read More

Cureus 2018 Dec 4;10(12):e3683. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Internal Medicine, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, USA.

Compartment syndrome is an orthopedic emergency in which the neurovasculature of the extremity is compromised. Typically, it presents unilaterally and is the consequence of major trauma to the extremity in the form of fracture. However, more uncommon etiologies of compartment syndrome have been reported, which includes reperfusion injury, burns, and congenital or acquired bleeding disorders. Read More

NASN Sch Nurse 2019 Feb 9:1942602X18819223. Epub 2019 Feb 9.

Professor, Departments of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine.

Illness and injury associated with sport and physical activities may occur in the school setting. Although most sport-related illness and injury in students are considered minor emergencies, life- and limb-threatening illnesses or injuries may occur, such as sudden cardiac arrest, heat stroke, status asthmaticus, catastrophic brain or cervical spine injuries, hypoglycemia, blunt chest/abdominal injuries, or extremity fractures requiring surgery. It is important for the school nurse to recognize potential life- and limb-threatening emergencies associated with sport and physical activity, to initiate stabilization of the student with life- and limb-threatening symptoms, and to triage these students to an appropriate level of care (back to the classroom, home with their guardian with follow up at their primary healthcare provider's office, or directly to the closest emergency department via emergency medical services). Read More

World J Emerg Surg 2019 4;14. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

7Department of Anaesthesiology and General Intensive Care, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Background: Early diagnosis of acute compartment syndrome (ACS) of the leg is essential to improve the outcome. Direct invasive measurement is currently recommended to measure intracompartmental pressure. A non-invasive and reproducible means of making the diagnosis would be a step forward. Read More

Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2019 Feb 4. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, General and Thoracic Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Steinwiessstrasse 75, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland.

Purpose: Needle manometry is a tool to confirm suspected acute compartment syndrome (ACS). There is scarce evidence of normal pressure values of the lower extremities in children. The aim of this study is to assess the normal compartment pressures in non-injured lower extremities of children. Read More

J Surg Res 2019 Jan 24;237:50-55. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Baltimore, Maryland. Electronic address:

Background: We describe the feasibility and long-term outcomes of using femoral vein (FV) for arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and lower extremity bypass (LEB) creation.

Methods: All patients undergoing AVF or LEB using autogenous FV by a single surgeon (April 2006 to September 2013) were reviewed. Perioperative (30-d) complications and long-term outcomes are described. Read More

J Pediatr Orthop B 2019 Jan 25. Epub 2019 Jan 25.

Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center.

Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is an emergency with potentially devastating consequences. Delayed recognition may be especially concerning for the pediatric population, as children present with a wide variety of etiologies, symptoms, and levels of communication. We sought to determine the average time from injury to diagnosis, most common presentations, the degree to which providers obtained pressure measurements, and outcomes of ACS in the pediatric population. Read More

Arch Plast Surg 2019 Jan 15;46(1):69-74. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.

Background: Local symptoms and signs of snake envenomation mimic the clinical features of compartment syndrome. It is important to measure the intracompartmental pressure to diagnose compartment syndrome. In this study, we present our experiences of confirming compartment syndrome and performing fasciotomy in snakebite patients based on high intracompartmental pressure findings. Read More

Surgery 2019 Jan 21. Epub 2019 Jan 21.

BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Department for Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Microsurgery, Burn Center, University of Heidelberg, Ludwigshafen, Germany. Electronic address:

Background: Burn-induced compartment syndrome is a severe sequela after circumferential burns of the extremities and is avoidable by immediate release of the underlying pressure under the eschar. Although the current gold standard is operative escharotomy, this procedure carries considerable morbidity. Our study evaluates the safety and effectiveness of immediate enzymatic debridement to prevent the need for operative escharotomy because of burn-induced compartment syndrome in selected patients. Read More

J Am Acad Orthop Surg Glob Res Rev 2018 Nov 26;2(11):e077. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

University at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY (Dr. Matthews); and the UBMD Department of Orthopaedics, Buffalo, NY (Dr. Mutty).

In the lower extremity, compartment syndrome has been associated with fractures of the tibial plateau, shaft, and plafond. The patient was an 89-year-old male driver involved in a T-bone type motor vehicle accident. He sustained a closed transverse fibular shaft fracture and initially had fullness in his anterior/lateral compartments but no pain with passive and active range of motion of his ankle. Read More

Injury 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Vito Fazzi Hospital, Lecce, Italy. Electronic address:

Introduction: Floating knee is a flail knee joint resulting from fractures of the shafts or adjacent metaphyses of the femur and the ipsilateral tibia. It is usually associated with several complications and mortality. This study was designed to present our experience with the treatment of this injury. Read More

Arthroplast Today 2018 Dec 3;4(4):421-425. Epub 2018 Nov 3.

Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.

Calcific myonecrosis (CM) is a rare soft tissue condition associated with previous trauma that presents with a large lower extremity mass and can be misdiagnosed as a malignancy. Biopsy, accidental entry, or disturbance to the lesion can be accompanied by a high risk of complications. We present the case of a 72-year-old man with severe post-traumatic knee arthritis, as well as a large pretibial mass consistent with CM, who successfully underwent total knee arthroplasty. Read More

Cureus 2018 Oct 12;10(10):e3443. Epub 2018 Oct 12.

Podiatry and Wound Care, OrthoNeuro, Columbus, USA.

Compartment syndrome is a pathologic condition in which a closed anatomical compartment's pressure, most often in the arms and legs, increases to such an extent that the microcirculation of the tissues in that compartment is diminished either acutely or subacutely over time. Such vascular compromise, if untreated, may result in tissue necrosis and muscle and nerve damage. If limb tissue damage is severe enough, amputation of the involved extremity may be necessary. Read More

Curr Probl Surg 2018 Jul 23;55(7):256-273. Epub 2018 Aug 23.

Professor of Surgery, Emergency Medicine, and Anesthesia Medical Director, Surgical Intensive Care Unit Associate Trauma Medical Director University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA. Electronic address:

Clin Pract Cases Emerg Med 2018 Nov 5;2(4):323-325. Epub 2018 Sep 5.

Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, LAC+USC Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California.

Intraosseous (IO) needles are used in critically ill patients when it is not possible to quickly obtain venous access. While they allow for immediate access, IO infusions are associated with complications including fractures, infections, and compartment syndrome. We present a case where point-of-care ultrasound was used to quickly identify a malfunctioning IO needle that resulted in compartment syndrome of the lower extremity. Read More

Int J Sports Med 2018 Dec 12;39(14):1081-1087. Epub 2018 Nov 12.

Máxima Medical Center, Surgery, Veldhoven, Netherlands.

Exercise-induced lower leg pain may be caused by chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS). Anterior or deep posterior compartments are usually affected. Knowledge about CECS of the lateral compartment (lat-CECS) is limited and outcome after fasciotomy is unknown. Read More

Ann Vasc Dis 2018 Sep;11(3):355-357

Trauma Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkla, Thailand.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major healthcare problem that results in significant mortality, morbidity, and expenditure of resources. It compounds with pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Phlegmasia cerulea dolens (PCD) is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening complication of acute DVT characterized by marked swelling of the extremities with pain and cyanosis, which in turn may lead to arterial ischemia and ultimately gangrene with high amputation and mortality rates. Read More

Burns 2018 Dec 31;44(8):1947-1953. Epub 2018 Oct 31.

Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.

The effects of obesity on resuscitation after severe burn are not well understood. Formulas to calculate 24-h resuscitation volumes incorporate body weight, which in obese patients often leads to excessive fluid administration and potential complications such as pulmonary edema, extremity or abdominal compartment syndrome, and longer mechanical ventilation. We evaluated the impact of obesity on 24-h fluid resuscitation after severe burn using a cohort of 145 adults admitted to the burn ICU from January 2014 to March 2017 with >20% total body surface area burns. Read More

Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown) 2018 Oct 17. Epub 2018 Oct 17.

Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Background And Importance: Acute bilateral brachial plexus injury is rare and usually a result of traction injury. Immediate operative intervention is reserved for rare cases of ongoing compression of the plexus; the role for acute decompression of the brachial plexus secondary to compartment syndrome has not been previously described. In this report, we describe the technique and role for urgent brachial plexus decompression. Read More

Injury 2018 Dec 6;49(12):2244-2247. Epub 2018 Oct 6.

University of Mississippi Medical Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, United States. Electronic address:

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the incidence of neurovascular injuries, compartment syndrome, early postoperative infection as well as the injury factors predictive of neurovascular injury following ballistic fractures of the radius and ulna.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed to identify all ballistic fractures of the radius and ulna in skeletally mature patients over a 5-year period at a single level-1 trauma center. Chart and radiographic review was performed to identify patient and injury demographics, associated neurologic or vascular injuries, and fracture characteristics. Read More

Curr Sports Med Rep 2018 Oct;17(10):347-353

Department of Emergency Medicine, Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, IL.

Exertional limb pain is a common problem encountered in recreational and competitive athletes. Affecting both the upper and lower extremities, this broad entity can be musculoskeletal, vascular, neurologic, oncologic, or infectious in origin. This article focuses on the vascular causes of exercise-related extremity pain, which encompass a cadre of elusive diagnoses. Read More

Exp Clin Transplant 2018 Oct 5. Epub 2018 Oct 5.

From the Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.

Acute compartment syndrome is the physiologic consequence of increasing pressures within an enclosed anatomic space; if left untreated, it can subsequently cause irreversible necrosis, nerve injury, and tissue damage. A number of iatrogenic causes have been reported in the literature; however, to the best of our knowledge, there are no prior reports of upper extremity compartment syndrome in orthotopic liver transplant following arterial line placement. Here, we report a 52-year-old male with a history of end-stage liver disease secondary to primary sclerosing cholangitis who presented for orthotopic liver transplant. Read More

Surg Neurol Int 2018 20;9:190. Epub 2018 Sep 20.

Department of Orthospine, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India.

Background: Compartment syndromes have been reported in nearly every anatomical area of the extremities. Similarly, in the lumbar spine, there is a risk of a compartment syndrome following either direct or indirect injury to the paraspinal muscles. In this study, we present a case of lumbar paraspinal compartment syndrome after percutaneous pedicle screw fixation for a spine fracture. Read More

J Emerg Med 2018 12 2;55(6):e137-e139. Epub 2018 Oct 2.

Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.

Background: Compartment syndrome is often considered in patients with long-bone fractures and soft-tissue injuries, but is not as commonly associated with a period of unconsciousness.

Case Report: A 65-year-old man was brought to our emergency department (ED) because he had lost consciousness for an unknown amount of time after snorting heroin. He had severe pain in his upper right arm. Read More

J Hand Surg Asian Pac Vol 2018 Sep;23(3):395-398

* Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.

A 16-year-old man sustained a minor penetrating injury to his forearm, resulting in pseudoaneurysm formation that caused acute compartment syndrome with muscle contracture. Surgical treatment, including fasciotomy, evacuation of the hematoma and aneurysmectomy, followed by intensive hand therapy provided a successful outcome. Traumatic pseudoaneurysm after penetrating injury is a rare cause of acute forearm compartment syndrome. Read More

J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2019 Jan;27(1):e1-e8

From the Department of Orthopaedics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.

High-voltage electrical injuries are relatively rare injuries that pose unique challenges to the treating physician, yet the initial management follows well-established life-saving, trauma- and burn-related principles. The upper extremities are involved in most electrical injuries because they are typically the contact points to the voltage source. The amount of current that passes through a specific tissue is inversely proportional to the tissue's intrinsic resistance with electricity predominantly affecting the skeletal muscle secondary to its large volume in the upper extremity. Read More

J Bone Joint Surg Am 2018 Oct;100(19):1645-1652

Departments of Health Policy and Management (K.P.F. and E.M.) and Biostatistics (J.D. and V.Z.), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.

Background: We recorded measurements of muscle perfusion using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and intramuscular pressure (IMP) in a study designed to develop a decision rule for predicting acute compartment syndrome (ACS). The purpose of this study was to report our experience measuring NIRS data in the context of this broader investigation and to explore factors related to variations in data capture.

Methods: One hundred and eighty-five patients with lower-leg injuries had data consisting of continuous NIRS measurement of the O2 saturation in the anterior compartment of the injured limb and the contralateral (control) limb, and continuous IMP recording in the anterior and deep posterior compartments of the injured leg as part of their participation in an institutional review board-approved multicenter trial. Read More

Phys Sportsmed 2019 02 15;47(1):27-30. Epub 2018 Oct 15.

b Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Warren Alpert School of Medicine , Brown University , Providence , RI , USA.

Chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) is an overuse injury characterized by increased intracompartmental pressure during exercise. CECS has been described in the foot, thigh, and trunk, but 95% of cases occur in the lower leg. Interestingly, CECS may also affect the upper extremities and has been best described in the forearms. Read More

Surg Clin North Am 2018 Oct;98(5):1081-1096

Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Tennessee, 1940 Alcoa Highway, Building E, Suite 120, Knoxville, TN 37920, USA.

This article details the classification of limb ischemia, outlines the numerous causes of limb ischemia, highlights the diagnosis with treatment options and describes common postoperative conditions after limb ischemia intervention. The acute limb ischemia causes in the article are divided into sections including the presentation, diagnosis, and therapy for each cause. The broad limb ischemia causes include embolism, thrombosis, venous obstruction, trauma, and upper-extremity unique pathologic condition. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Sep 15;2018. Epub 2018 Sep 15.

Department of Urology, Niigata Prefectural Central Hospital, Joetsu, Japan.

Common iliac artery (CIA) thrombosis is a rare surgical complication which may cause serious leg damage and may occasionally be fatal. We experienced two cases of CIA thrombosis in nephroureterectomy with the pluck technique for upper tract urothelial carcinoma. Patients were treated using emergent femoro-femoral bypass, and one patient was treated with fasciotomy of the lower extremity for compartment syndrome. Read More

J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2018 Dec;85(6):1038-1042

From the Department of Surgery (J.R.W., J.C., K.I.), LAC/USC Hospital, Los Angeles, California; Department of Surgery (J.R.W., A.S.T., R.S.), Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana; Department of Surgery (E.M.C., C.C.), Denver Health, Denver, Colorado; Department of Surgery, Shock Trauma (J.M., M.B.), Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Surgery (J.A.H., M.L.C.), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas; Department of Surgery (MJS, J.L., M.T.), Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and Department of Surgery (M.M.M.), Louisiana State University, New Orleans, Louisiana.

Background: There exists a long established but not validated practice of placing temporary intravascular shunts (TIVS) in cases of combined vascular and orthopedic extremity trauma. Though logical to prioritize blood flow, large-scale data to support this practice is lacking. We hypothesize that the order of repair yields no difference in outcomes in combined vascular and orthopedic extremity trauma and offer a larger-scale analysis than is previously available. Read More

Mil Med 2018 Sep;183(suppl_2):105-107

Joint Trauma System, 3698 Chambers Pass, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, TX.

Fractures continue to account for a large proportion of combat-related injuries. The basic tenets of irrigation, debridement, soft tissue care, and vigilant monitoring/fasciotomy for acute compartment syndrome persist. Closed management of fractures with splinting or casting is acceptable. Read More

Mil Med 2018 Sep;183(suppl_2):108-111

Joint Trauma System, 3698 Chambers Pass, Joint Base San Antonio, Fort Sam Houston, TX.

Acute compartment syndrome (CS) is a frequent and potentially devastating complication of blunt and penetrating extremity injuries. Extremity war injuries are particularly susceptible to CS due to associated vascular injuries; high Injury Severity Score; extensive bone and soft tissue injury; and frequent transportation that may limit close monitoring of the injured extremity. Treatment consists of prompt fasciotomy of all compartments in the involved segment, over their full length. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 08 29;2018. Epub 2018 Aug 29.

Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.

Systemic capillary leak syndrome (SCLS), also known as Clarkson syndrome, is a rare disease with potential fatal outcome. The clinical picture involves leakage of fluid and protein from the bloodstream into peripheral tissues, resulting in hypoalbuminaemia, elevated haematocrit, oedema and hypotension. The spectrum of the symptoms ranges from discrete swelling/oedema of extremities to fulminant cardiogenic shock. Read More

Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 2019 Feb 25;29(2):479-485. Epub 2018 Aug 25.

Avon Orthopaedic Centre, Southmead Hospital, Westbury-on-Trym, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK.

Background: Chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) is an overuse disorder typically affecting an athletic population. CECS is a diagnosis based on history and intracompartmental pressure (ICP) testing. CECS patients can be treated surgically by fasciotomy; however, research on the relationship between ICP and patient symptoms and also between ICP and patient-reported outcome post-fasciotomy is limited. Read More

BMC Anesthesiol 2018 08 18;18(1):114. Epub 2018 Aug 18.

Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon City, Ehime, Japan.

Background: Decreased perfusion in the lower extremities is one of the several adverse effects of placing patients in a lithotomy or Trendelenburg position during surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of patient positioning in lower limb perfusion patients undergoing robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RARP) using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).

Methods: This observation study comprised 30 consenting males with American Society of Anaesthesiologists physical status classes I and II (age range, ≥20 to < 80 years). Read More

Clin Pract Cases Emerg Med 2018 Aug 12;2(3):197-199. Epub 2018 Jun 12.

University of California, Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, California.

A 38-year-old female seasoned marathon runner presented to the emergency department (ED) with increasing right lower extremity pain after running two mid-distance races in one weekend. The patient had previously run many two-day races and longer distances, but recently had gained weight and had not been training. This case report details her presenting symptoms, evaluation, review of the literature, and treatment with attention to the factors that led to the development of her pathologies. Read More

J Pediatr Orthop 2019 Jan;39(1):e1-e7

Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.

Background: Optimal management for a pulseless supracondylar humerus fracture associated with anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) or median nerve injury is unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of pulseless supracondylar humerus fractures associated with AIN or median nerve injury, to assess open versus closed surgical management, to determine factors associated with the need for neurovascular intervention, and to report the outcome.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed at 4 pediatric trauma hospitals on all patients who sustained a Gartland III or IV supracondylar humerus fracture with the combination of absent distal palpable pulses and AIN or median nerve injury between 2000 and 2014. Read More

Am J Surg 2018 Oct 26;216(4):736-739. Epub 2018 Jul 26.

Grady Memorial Hospital and Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States. Electronic address:

Introduction: Morbidity from the treatment of extremity compartment syndrome is underappreciated. Closure technique effectiveness has yet to be definitively established.

Methods: A randomized non-blinded prospective study was performed involving patients who underwent an extremity fasciotomy following trauma. Read More

Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2018 Jul 16. Epub 2018 Jul 16.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Steinwiessstrasse 75, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland.

Purpose: No clear consensus on the optimal treatment of fasciotomy wounds due to acute compartment syndrome of the lower leg in children exists. We therefore compared two commonly used methods to close fasciotomy wounds, Epigard, a temporary synthetic skin replacement (SSR) and the vacuum-assisted closure (V.A. Read More

Med Sante Trop 2018 May;28(2):206-211

Service de chirurgie orthopédique, traumatologie et chirurgie réparatrice, Hôpital d'instruction des armées Percy, 101 avenue Henri Barbusse, 92140 Clamart, France, École du Val-de-Grâce, Paris, France.

Management of acute compartment syndrome is well known and based on emergent and generous fasciotomies. In absence of such fasciotomies, or if they are performed too late, the compartment syndrome leads to a Volkmann's syndrome or to a dramatic septic myonecrosis raising the question of an amputation. However, salvage treatment of these extreme clinical presentations may be preferable at the upper extremity, particularly in developing countries where access to sophisticated prosthetic devices is limited. Read More

Am Surg 2018 Jun;84(6):971-977

Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) is a temporizing maneuver used to decrease hemorrhage, and thus perfusion, below the level of aortic occlusion (AO). We sought to investigate lower extremity ischemia in patients who received REBOA. Between February 2013 and September 2016 patients at a tertiary center that received REBOA and survived more than six hours were enrolled. Read More

J Pediatr Orthop 2018 Sep;38(8):e434-e439

Pediatric Orthopedics and Scoliosis Center, Rady Children's Hospital.

Background: Skeletal trauma is a primary tenet of pediatric orthopaedics. Many high-quality studies have been published over the last few years with substantial relevance to the clinical practice of pediatric orthopaedic trauma. Because of the volume of literature on the subject, this review excludes upper extremity trauma and focuses on the publications affecting the lower extremity. Read More

Zhongguo Gu Shang 2018 06;31(6):493-496

Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, China;

The miminally-invasive techniques of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) uses different types of acupuncture needles to treat diseased locations with special techniques. These techniques include different methods of insertion and closed incision (press cutting, sliding cutting, scrape cutting, etc.). Read More

Foot Ankle Spec 2018 Oct 22;11(5):471-477. Epub 2018 Jun 22.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (JMM, EM Brook, CC, JS, EM Bluman, EGM).

Background: Lower extremity chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) can negatively affect exercise and activity and may require operative intervention to release the fascia. Few studies have evaluated or compared patient-reported outcomes for bilateral versus single-leg staged fasciotomy and number of compartments released.

Methods: A total of 27 eligible patients who underwent a fasciotomy procedure for CECS at a single institution were identified. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Jun 20;2018. Epub 2018 Jun 20.

General and Endocrine Surgery, Footscray Hospital, Footscray, Victoria, Australia.

Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality requiring prompt treatment. We report a rare case of a 57-year-old man who developed acute lower limb ischaemia, severe metabolic acidosis and renal impairment from massive faecal impaction of unknown aetiology resulting in ACS causing occlusion of the right common iliac artery. This was treated with faecal disimpaction, which eventually resulted in slow but full recovery. Read More

J Pediatr Orthop 2018 Sep;38(8):e470-e474

Children's Orthopaedic Center, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.

Background: Although postoperative cast immobilization is routinely used in children, it is not without complications. Few studies have focused on interventions to decrease their frequency. The purpose of this study was to determine if foam padding in postoperative lower extremity casts decreased the rate of cast complications. Read More

Rofo 2019 Jan 18;191(1):25-32. Epub 2018 Jun 18.

Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, Germany.

Background:  Contrast extravasation events in daily radiological routine may lead to serious complications, especially during CT examinations. The resulting symptoms may vary from local pain up to skin ulcers, necrosis or even acute compartment syndrome.There are no uniformly accepted radiological guidelines or recommendations regarding detection and treatment of extravasation events and immanent complications in a timely manner. Read More