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Urol Int 2020 Jul 2:1-5. Epub 2020 Jul 2.

Department of Urology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany,

Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for patients with ESRD. One rare complication after transplantation is the development of renal allograft compartment syndrome (RACS). We present a case of 1 patient who developed RACS due to compression of the transplant vein, which was then treated by salvaging the kidney transplant using urgent decompression surgery with mesh fascial closure. Read More

Clin Rheumatol 2020 Jul 2. Epub 2020 Jul 2.

Complexo Hospital de Clinicas-Universidade Federal do Paraná, Serviço de Neurologia, Serviço de Doenças Neuromusculares, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.

Connect Tissue Res 2020 Jun 30:1-16. Epub 2020 Jun 30.

Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University , Augusta, GA, USA.

Traumatic musculoskeletal injuries are common in both the civilian and combat care settings. Significant barriers exist to repairing these injuries including fracture nonunion, muscle fibrosis, re-innervation, and compartment syndrome, as well as infection and inflammation. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, have attracted attention in the field of musculoskeletal regeneration. Read More

J Hand Surg Am 2020 Jun 26. Epub 2020 Jun 26.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI. Electronic address:

Volkmann ischemic contracture (VIC) is a late sequela of acute compartment syndrome and consists of extensive muscle necrosis, fibrosis, contracture, and variable degrees of neural dysfunction. The outcome depends on successful restoration of muscle and neural function. The timing of surgery is often determined by the development of contractures and is delayed in the interest of observing some spontaneous recovery and infarct maturation. Read More

Cureus 2020 Jun 23;12(6):e8780. Epub 2020 Jun 23.

Orthopaedics, Adiyaman University Faculty of Medicine, Adiyaman, TUR.

Introduction Although closed reduction and percutaneous pinning are the accepted treatment approaches in pediatric humerus supracondylar fractures, the treatment approach in fractures without closed reduction remains unclear. This study compared the results of three different cross-pinning treatment methods. Materials and methods A total of 62 patients (1-13 years old) who were operated for Gartland type 3 humerus supracondylar fractures between 2007 and 2016 were evaluated retrospectively. Read More

Aesthet Surg J 2020 Jun 27. Epub 2020 Jun 27.

Background: The shape of the calf is an essential aesthetic parameter of the legs, and calf atrophy can lead to complex problems. The functional consequences of calf atrophy are generally moderate. Prefilled silicone gel implants represent the vast majority of currently placed prostheses. Read More

Evid Based Dent 2020 Jun;21(2):44-45

Oral Microbiologist, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.

Data sources Experimental investigation.Study design A retrospective review to evaluate the use of a negative-pressure otolaryngology viral isolation drape (NOVID) system to reduce cross-infection through aerosol. The apparatus consists of a plastic drape suspended over the surgical field in the head and neck region with a smoke evacuator suction placed inside the chamber with an ultra-low penetrating air (ULPA) efficiency rating and a fluid suction high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter compartment. Read More

Hum Mol Genet 2020 Jun 26. Epub 2020 Jun 26.

Genomic Medicine Institute, and Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, U.S.A.

Individuals with germline mutations in the gene encoding Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog on chromosome Ten (PTEN) are diagnosed with PTEN Tumor Hamartoma Syndrome (PHTS) and are at high risk for developing breast, thyroid and other cancers and/or autoimmunity or neurodevelopmental issues including autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Although well recognized as a tumor suppressor, involvement of PTEN mutations in mediating such a diverse range of phenotypes indicates a more central involvement for PTEN in immunity than previously recognized. To address this, sequencing of the T-cell receptor variable-region β-chain (TCRVB) was performed on peripheral blood from PHTS patients. Read More

Int Orthop 2020 Jun 26. Epub 2020 Jun 26.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, 351 Yatap-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.

Purpose: Since volar locking plates (VLPs) have the benefits of more stable fixation and fewer complications, VLP osteosynthesis is now the preferred osteosynthesis method in the operative management of distal radius fractures (DRF). Along with the increases in operative management of VLP, the character and frequency of complications have changed. Thus, this multicentre study aimed to identify the characteristics of patients with DRFs who were treated with VLP fixation, describe the complication types and rates related to the procedure, and compare the results with those found in the literature. Read More

Trials 2020 Jun 26;21(1):574. Epub 2020 Jun 26.

Servizio Formazione, Ricerca e Innovazione, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Ospedale Policlinico, Modena, Italy.

Objectives: To assess whether high doses of Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH) (i.e. Enoxaparin 70 IU/kg twice daily) compared to standard prophylactic dose (i. Read More

Acta Neuropathol Commun 2020 Jun 24;8(1):89. Epub 2020 Jun 24.

Paris Brain Institute (ICM), CNRS UMR7225, INSERM U1127, Sorbonne Université, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.

Enlarged early endosomes have been visualized in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Down syndrome (DS) using conventional confocal microscopy at a resolution corresponding to endosomal size (hundreds of nm). In order to overtake the diffraction limit, we used super-resolution structured illumination microscopy (SR-SIM) and transmission electron microscopies (TEM) to analyze the early endosomal compartment in DS.By immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy, we confirmed that the volume of Early Endosome Antigen 1 (EEA1)-positive puncta was 13-19% larger in fibroblasts and iPSC-derived neurons from individuals with DS, and in basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCN) of the Ts65Dn mice modelling DS. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2020 Jun 24;62(1):35. Epub 2020 Jun 24.

Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 8146 Dep, 0033, Oslo, Norway.

Background: Respiratory diseases are major health concerns in the pig production sector worldwide, contributing adversely to morbidity and mortality. Over the past years there was a rise in reported incidents of respiratory disease in pigs in Norway, despite population wide freedom from Aujeszky´s disease, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, porcine respiratory corona virus and enzootic pneumonia. The main objective of this study was to investigate acute outbreaks of respiratory disease in conventional Norwegian fattening pig herds. Read More

PLoS One 2020 24;15(6):e0235307. Epub 2020 Jun 24.

Communications and Transport Systems, ITN, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden.

We extend the classical SIR epidemic spread model by introducing the "quarantined" compartment. We solve (numerically) the differential equations that govern the extended model and quantify how quarantining "flattens the curve" for the proportion of infected population over time. Furthermore, we explore the potential of using drones to deliver tests, enabling mass-testing for the infection; we give a method to estimate the drone fleet needed to deliver the tests in a metropolitan area. Read More

Arthroplast Today 2020 Jun 17;6(2):227-230. Epub 2020 Mar 17.

Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá, Colombia.

Vascular injuries after total knee arthroplasty are highly infrequent, especially in the femoral artery. These lesions can cause severe damage. Early diagnosis is important to prevent catastrophic complications (such as loss of limb) and to offer adequate treatment. Read More

Am J Med Genet A 2020 Jun 23. Epub 2020 Jun 23.

Rare Diseases and Clinical Genetics Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is an overgrowth syndrome, caused by alterations in a cluster of imprinted genes located within the chromosome region 11p15.5. Common clinical features are overgrowth, macroglossia, lateralized overgrowth, abdominal wall defects, neonatal hypoglycemia and an increased risk of embryonal tumors, such as hepatoblastomas. Read More

Genet Med 2020 Jun 23. Epub 2020 Jun 23.

National Ehlers Danlos Syndrome Service, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, Harrow, London, UK.

Purpose: Currently, 31 patients with classical-like EDS (clEDS) due to tenascin-X deficiency have been reported in the literature. We report on the clinical and molecular characteristics of 20 additional patients with clEDS to expand knowledge and to enable improved management of this rare genetic disorder.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with clEDS by the national EDS service in the UK (n = 21) and abroad (n = 1) were asked for consent for publication of their clinical and molecular data. Read More

Oxid Med Cell Longev 2020 3;2020:6286105. Epub 2020 Jun 3.

Research Department, Asociación para Evitar la Ceguera, IAP, México City 04030, Mexico.

There are different pathologies associated with amyloidogenic processes caused by the increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the overactivation of inflammatory responses. These alterations are present in different regions of the anterior segment of the eye, and they have been associated with the development and progression of ocular pathologies, such as glaucoma, dry eye syndrome, keratitis, and cataracts among other pathologies. . Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2020 Jun 21;13(6). Epub 2020 Jun 21.

Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.

A 62-year-old patient was admitted with an acute unprovoked portal vein thrombosis with splenic and mesenteric extension. His progress was complicated by progressive small bowel ischaemia and increasing clot burden despite systemic anticoagulation. This case report describes the use of catheter-directed thrombolysis via a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, with the disease and its treatment complicated by a ruptured iatrogenic pseudoaneurysm, abdominal compartment syndrome and small bowel infarction necessitating extensive small bowel resection. Read More

J Autoimmun 2020 Jun 18:102500. Epub 2020 Jun 18.

Program in Craniofacial Biology, Department of Cell & Tissue Biology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. Electronic address:

Autoimmune-mediated dry eye disease is a pathological feature of multiple disorders including Sjögren's syndrome, lupus and rheumatoid arthritis that has a life-long, detrimental impact on vision and overall quality of life. Although late stage disease outcomes such as epithelial barrier dysfunction, reduced corneal innervation and chronic inflammation have been well characterized in both human patients and mouse models, there is little to no understanding of early pathological processes. Moreover, the mechanisms underlying the loss of cornea homeostasis and disease progression are unknown. Read More

Injury 2020 Jun 10. Epub 2020 Jun 10.

University of Washington Burn Center, Harborview Medical Center, 325 Ninth Ave, Seattle, WA, 98104, USA.

Background: Escharotomy is the primary effective intervention to relieve constriction and impending vascular compromise in deep, circumferential or near-circumferential burns of the extremities and trunk. Training on escharotomy indications, technique and pitfalls is essential, as escharotomy is both an infrequent and high-risk procedure in civilian and military medical environments, including low-resource settings. Therefore, we aimed to validate an educational strategy that combines video-based instruction with a low-cost, low-fidelity simulation model for teaching burn escharotomy. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2020 Jun 12;72:346-350. Epub 2020 Jun 12.

Fundación Valle del Lili, Cra. 98 ## 18-49, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia; Universidad Icesi, Cl. 18 #122-135, Facultad de Medicina, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Electronic address:

Introduction: Crush syndrome (CS) is a condition with a high morbidity and mortality due to severe electrolyte disorders, circulatory dysfunction and multiple organ failure, secondary to severe rhabdomyolysis and reperfusion injuries. There is controversy about the role of fasciotomy in the treatment of compartment syndromes due to crush injuries and it is still unknown if early amputation has patient-centered benefits.

Case Presentation: This is a 29-year-old patient whose lower body was trapped for 50 h under a 40-meter landslide. Read More

Zentralbl Chir 2020 Jun 18. Epub 2020 Jun 18.

Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Thoraxchirurgie, Städtisches Klinikum Dresden-Friedrichstadt, Deutschland.

Background: 15 to 20% of patients with acute pancreatitis develop necrosis of the pancreatic parenchyma or extrapancreatic tissue. The disease is associated with a mortality rate of up to 20%. The mainstays of treatment consist of intensive medical care and surgical and interventional therapy. Read More

J Pediatr Surg 2020 May 11. Epub 2020 May 11.

Department of Surgery, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE.

Background: Differentiated thyroid carcinomas (DTCs) are rare in young children but represent almost 10% of all malignancies diagnosed in older adolescents.

Methods: This article reviews the recent literature describing surgical therapeutic approaches to pediatric DTC, associated complications, and long-term recurrence and survival outcomes.

Results: Similar to adult thyroid cancers, pediatric DTCs are more common in females and are associated with thyroid nodules, family history of thyroid cancer, radiation exposure, iodine deficiency, autoimmune thyroid disease, and genetic syndromes. Read More

Paediatr Child Health 2020 Jun 11;25(4):228-234. Epub 2019 Mar 11.

The Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Orthopaedics, Department of Surgery, Toronto, Ontario.

Background: Supracondylar humerus (SCH) fractures are the most common operatively treated paediatric fracture in Canada. Previous literature describing the low-energy (Gartland type II) subtype reports varying complication rates from a variety of practice settings. We sought to examine complications of type II SCH fractures treated at a Canadian specialized paediatric centre. Read More

Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020 Jun 13. Epub 2020 Jun 13.

Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Stanford University Hospital, Stanford, CA. Electronic address:

Retrobulbar haemorrhage (RBH) is a potentially blinding consequence of craniofacial trauma, but timely ophthalmic evaluation is difficult to obtain in some settings and clear standards for canthotomy/cantholysis are lacking. We have sought to develop an algorithm to identify vision-threatening traumatic RBH that requires emergent decompression. We retrospectively reviewed 42 consecutive consultations for RBH at a level-one trauma centre. Read More

Can J Urol 2020 Jun;27(3):10270-10272

Department of Urology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore.

Wunderlich syndrome (WS) is a rare triad of flank pain, flank mass and hypovolemic shock and is classically attributed to angiomyolipomata or neoplasms. Treatment is guided by clinical severity: conservative, selective arterial embolization, or nephrectomy. We report an atypical case of a 69-year old man with a pre-existing 9 cm left renal tumor who developed WS secondary to anticoagulation and simple cyst rupture from his contralateral kidney, complicated by abdominal compartment syndrome with hemodynamic instability despite inotropic support and robust resuscitation. Read More

JAMA Neurol 2020 Jun 15. Epub 2020 Jun 15.

Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Center (BASIC), University of California, San Francisco.

Importance: Intracranial pressure (ICP) elevation is a compartment syndrome that impairs blood flow to the brain. Despite the importance of ICP values in neurocritical care, normal ICP values and the precise ICP threshold at which treatment should be initiated remain uncertain.

Objective: To refine our understanding of normal ICP values and determine the ICP threshold most strongly associated with outcome. Read More

Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2020 Mar 20;8(3):e2678. Epub 2020 Mar 20.

Division of Hand Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 1520 San Pablo Street - Suite 200, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA.

There is no current literature examining iatrogenic nerve injury resulting from orthopedic procedures across subspecialties and anatomic areas. This study uses a single peripheral nerve surgeon's experience to investigate the variable time to presentation of adult patients with iatrogenic nerve injury after orthopedic surgery.

Methods: A retrospective review of patients examined in Peripheral Nerve Clinic (PNC) from January 1, 2012, to April 1, 2018, at a single, private, university hospital was performed. Read More

Am J Emerg Med 2020 May 22. Epub 2020 May 22.

121 Field Hospital, Camp Humphreys, Republic of Korea.

Intrinsic plus hand describes a rare and painful contracture of the intrinsic hand muscles with excessive flexion at the metacarpophalangeal joints and extension at the interphalangeal joints. Resulting from many causes to include trauma and neurologic injury, intrinsic plus hand can involve any number of fingers. Emergency department (ED) assessment should include evaluation for cerebrovascular injury, infection, compartment syndrome, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Read More

Neurosci Lett 2020 Jun 10;735:135155. Epub 2020 Jun 10.

SPPIN CNRS UMR 8003, Université de Paris, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, Paris, 75006, France.

The extracellular matrix at the neuromuscular junction is built upon components secreted by the motoneuron, the muscle cell and terminal Schwann cells, the cells constituting this specific synapse. This compartment contains glycoproteins, proteoglycans and collagens that form a dense and specialized layer, the synaptic basal lamina. A number of these molecules are known to play a crucial role in anterograde and retrograde signalings that are active in neuromuscular junction formation, maintenance and function. Read More

J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020 Jun 12. Epub 2020 Jun 12.

Centro Oncologico ad Alta Tecnologia Diagnostica, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.

In 2009, snakebites were included in the list of the World Health Organization (WHO) neglected diseases. Dermatological literature lacks current and up to date articles about snakebites and their management, despite the fact that dermatologists, especially from rural hospitals, can be called into the emergency room to consult the management of suspected snakebites. In this systematic review, we highlighted the main clinical and laboratory aspects of snakebites from Vipera spp. Read More

Haematologica 2020 Jun 11. Epub 2020 Jun 11.

MRC Molecular Haematology Unit WIMM, University of Oxford, UK;

The megakaryocyte/erythroid Transient Myeloproliferative Disorder (TMD) in newborns with Down Syndrome (DS) occurs when N-terminal truncating mutations of the hemopoietic transcription factor GATA1, that produce GATA1short protein (GATA1s), are acquired early in development. Prior work has shown that murine GATA1s, by itself, causes a transient yolk sac myeloproliferative disorder. However, it is unclear where in the hemopoietic cellular hierarchy GATA1s exerts its effects to produce this myeloproliferative state. Read More

Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue 2020 Apr;32(4):498-501

Department of Tumor Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037005, Shanxi, China. Corresponding author: Wang Hongye, Email:

Objective: To select the animal model more consistent with the pathophysiology of abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) through the comparative study of the methods of multiple water sacs superimposed compression and gas perfusion.

Methods: Ten experimental pigs were randomly divided into two groups (n = 5): the "constant volume model" (constant volume model group) and the "constant pressure model" (constant pressure model group) of intra-abdominal hypertension. The models were prepared by the method of water sac superposition and pressurization, and artificial pneumoperitoneum respectively. Read More

J Child Neurol 2020 Jun 12:883073820931253. Epub 2020 Jun 12.

Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Objective: Parry-Romberg syndrome (PRS) and en coup de sabre (ECDS) are subtypes of craniofacial localized scleroderma. Systematic analyses of central nervous system imaging findings and their clinical associations in children are lacking. Here, we aim to characterize neuroimaging findings and associated neurological symptoms in these conditions. Read More

Scand J Med Sci Sports 2020 Jun 11. Epub 2020 Jun 11.

Department of Surgery, Alrijne Hospital, Leiderdorp, the Netherlands.

Objective: Surgery is the gold standard in the management of Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome (CECS) of the lower extremity, although recent studies also reported success following gait retraining. Outcome parameters are diverse and reporting is not standardized. The aim of this systematic review is to analyze the current evidence regarding treatment outcome of CECS in the lower leg. Read More

Int Angiol 2020 Jun 9. Epub 2020 Jun 9.

Faculty of Medicine of Porto, Porto, Portugal.

Introduction: Endovascular aneurysm repair for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (r-EVAR) sometimes complicates with abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) due to extensive retroperitoneal hematoma, with significant prognostic implications. This systematic review aimed to analyze the incidence of the syndrome and assess the impact of ACS on mortality. Mortality after decompressive laparotomy was also assessed. Read More

Viruses 2020 Jun 5;12(6). Epub 2020 Jun 5.

Unit of Epidemiology and Physiopathology of Oncogenic Viruses, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France.

Infections due to arboviruses (arthropod-borne viruses) have dramatically increased worldwide during the last few years. In humans, symptoms associated with acute infection of most arboviruses are often described as "dengue-like syndrome", including fever, rash, conjunctivitis, arthralgia, and muscular symptoms such as myalgia, myositis, or rhabdomyolysis. In some cases, muscular symptoms may persist over months, especially following flavivirus and alphavirus infections. Read More

Curr Sports Med Rep 2020 Jun;19(6):217-222

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD.

Rehabilitation from musculoskeletal injuries is challenging with multiple intrinsic and extrinsic factors influencing athletes, conditions, and length of recovery. Multidisciplinary treatment strategies aim to address pathophysiology, mechanical, and psychosocial factors of injuries. An essential element in the recovery from musculoskeletal injuries is pain control and the return of physiologic function. Read More

Injury 2020 May 23. Epub 2020 May 23.

Department of Orthopaedics, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, 386, Da-Chung 1st Road, Kaohsiung City, 813, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Orthopaedics, National Defense Medical Center, 161, Section 6, Minquan E Rd, Neihu District, Taipei City, Taiwan 114 Taipei city, Taiwan Republic of China. Electronic address:

Introduction: Soft tissue swelling after acute fracture surgery is a challenge which may increase wound dehiscence, delay early range of motion, and increase infection rate postoperatively. This study investigates closed incision negative pressure therapy (ciNPT) using wide-range cover over the incision site and the peripheral swelling trauma zone to promote early active motion and to mitigate joint stiffness, bulla formation, and tendon adhesion.

Methods: Twenty-nine patients were enrolled between January 2018 and December 2018. Read More

Ann Vasc Surg 2020 Jun 4. Epub 2020 Jun 4.

Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hakodate Municipal Hospital, Hakodate, Japan.

Background: The Fitzgerald classification expresses the extension of hematoma from the ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA) and is related to a patient's preoperative status. The objective of this study was to propose a new decision-making method for emergency surgeries, endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) or open repair (OR) for rAAA based on Fitzgerald classification using preoperative CT images.

Materials And Methods: A multicenter observational study was performed with a questionnaire survey of rAAA from August 2010 to July 2015 in Hokkaido, Japan, sent to 20 institutions participating in the Hokkaido Society of Aortic Stent Graft. Read More

BMC Endocr Disord 2020 Jun 5;20(1):80. Epub 2020 Jun 5.

Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Luzerner Kantonsspital Luzern, P.O. Box, Spitalstrasse, 6000, Lucerne, Switzerland.

Background: Acute compartment syndrome is a rare complication of severe hypothyroidism. If the symptoms are not recognized promptly and treatment initiated immediately, there is a high risk of permanent damage. Only few other cases of compartment syndrome due to hypothyroidism have been published and the exact pathophysiological mechanism remains unknown. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 Jun;99(23):e20504

Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland.

Rationale: Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is a feared complication following traumatic injuries. We describe the occurrence of silent ACS of the hand in a 2-year old patient with atypical symptoms.

Patient Concerns: Our patient experienced massive swelling but minimal pain of the hand after a heavy bistro table with a stone tabletop had fallen on the right hand. Read More

J Pediatr Orthop 2020 Jul;40(6):288-293

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.

Introduction: Timing of wound closure in pediatric Gustilo-Anderson grade II and IIIA open long bone fracture remain controversial. Our aims are (1) to determine the proportion of patients with these fractures whose wounds can be treated with early primary wound closure (EPWC); (2) to compare the complication rates between EPWC and delayed wound closure (DWC); and (3) to determine factors associated with higher likelihood of undergoing DWC.

Patients And Methods: At a level-1 pediatric trauma center, 96 patients (younger than 18 y) who sustained Gustilo-Anderson grade II and IIIA open long bone fractures (humerus, radius, ulnar, femur, or tibia) within a 10-year period (2006-2016) were included for this study. Read More

J Pediatr Orthop 2020 Jun 2. Epub 2020 Jun 2.

University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI.

Background: Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is not commonly associated with pediatric Monteggia fractures or Monteggia equivalents (MF/ME). The aims of this study were: (1) To document a rate of ACS among children with operatively managed MF/ME, comparing this to the rate of ACS in classically associated Type 3 supracondylar humerus (T3-SCH) fractures at the same institution; (2) To determine which patients with MF/ME are at highest risk for ACS.

Methods: Children ages 2 to 12 with MF/ME requiring operative management at an academic institution over a 14-year period were identified. Read More

Arch Bone Jt Surg 2020 Mar;8(2):121-130

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, La Paz University Hospital-IdiPaz, Paseo de la Castellana, Madrid, Spain.

Prevention is essential for avoiding the complications of muscle hematomas (pseudotumors, compartment syndromes and peripheral nerve lesions) in hemophilic patients. This is achieved through early diagnosis of muscle hematomas and proper long-term hematological treatment until they have resolved (confirmed by image studies). Ultrasound-guided percutaneous drainage could be beneficial in terms of achieving better and faster symptom relief. Read More

Neoreviews 2020 Jun;21(6):e383-e391

Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO.

The 2 most common congenital abdominal wall defects are gastroschisis and omphalocele. Both are usually diagnosed prenatally with fetal ultrasonography, and affected patients are treated at a center with access to high-risk obstetric services, neonatology, and pediatric surgery. The main distinguishing features between the 2 are that gastroschisis has no sac and the defect is to the right of the umbilicus, whereas an omphalocele typically has a sac and the defect is at the umbilicus. Read More

Trauma Surg Acute Care Open 2020 17;5(1):e000485. Epub 2020 May 17.

Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Emergency Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan.

Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2020 Jun 1:1-11. Epub 2020 Jun 1.

Campinas Poison Control Center, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.

To report a near-fatal poisoning after intentional injection of ricin from a castor bean () extract. A 21 year-old man self-injected ∼3 mL of a castor bean extract intramuscularly and subcutaneously in the left antecubital fossa. Upon admission to our ED (1 h post-exposure; day 1, D1) he was awake and alert, but complained of mild local pain and showed slight local edema and erythema. Read More