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Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Apr 11. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Federal University of Alagoas, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Av. Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Tabuleiro do Martins, Maceió, AL, Brazil.

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) plays an important role in the therapy of Alzheimer's disease and in the detection of pesticides such as organophosphates which are also widely used in chemical warfare. The aim of this study is the physicochemical and kinetic characterization of brain and muscle ChE from Danio rerio (Zebrafish). Optimal activity was found for brain ChE at alkaline pH 9. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Apr 11. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Laboratório Integrado de Bioquímica Hatisaburo Masuda, NUPEM, Núcleo em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento Ambiental de Macaé, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida São José Barreto, N° 764, Bairro: São José do Barreto, Macaé, RJ CEP: 27.965-045, Brazil. Electronic address:

Roundup® is currently the most widely used and sold agricultural pesticide in the world. The objective of this work was to investigate the effects of Roundup® on energy metabolism during zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryogenesis. The embryo toxicity test was performed for 96 h post-fertilisation and the sublethal concentration of Roundup® was defined as 58. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Apr 11;222:1-10. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; CAS Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266400, China. Electronic address:

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a mycotoxin mainly produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus contaminating food, feed ingredients and products of animal origin. In mammals, this toxin causes widespread organ-specific damage; it is immunotoxicity and could promote hepatotoxicity, alter intestinal functions and so on. In this study, we conducted transcriptome and histomorphology analyses of hepatopancreas and intestinal in Litopenaeus vannamei (L. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Apr 9;221:82-88. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

Hokkaido University, Graduate School and Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, 3-1-1 Minato-cho, Hakodate 041-8611, Japan. Electronic address:

We screened 868 marine extracts in search of hematopoietic molecules resulted in findings of several extracts that proliferated Ba/F3-HuMpl cells but not the cells expressed with other hematopoietic cytokine receptors, EPO and G-CSF. Separation of the most potent extract of a Micronesian sponge Corticium sp., guided by the cell proliferation assay using Ba/F3-HuMpl cells resulted in an isolation of thrombocorticin (ThC), a novel 14 kDa protein as an active principal. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Apr 4;221:89-95. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 201106, China. Electronic address:

Chinese mitten crab, a featured macrobenthos, has been one of the most important economical aquatic species in China. This study assessed the accumulation of an organochlorine pesticide methoxychlor (MXC) in Chinese mitten crab during exposure to 1 mg/L of MXC. The results showed the residual concentration of MXC in the ovary and hepatopancreas reached 55. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Apr 4;221:73-81. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266003, China.

Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei (9.38 ± 0.17 cm, 10. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Mar 30;221:49-58. Epub 2019 Mar 30.

Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China. Electronic address:

The freshwater red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta elegans) is found not only in freshwater but also in coastal saline habitats. Hyperosmotic salinity can induce cell damage. p53, regarded as the guardian of the genome, is very important and versatile in response to the change of environment. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Mar 30. Epub 2019 Mar 30.

CBET Research Group, Dept. Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology PiE, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Basque Country, Spain. Electronic address:

The increasing applications and inputs of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) into aquatic environments have led to a large amount of investigations to assess AgNPs toxicity in waterborne exposed aquatic organisms. However, toxic effects caused by AgNPs ingested through the diet and depending on the season are still unexplored. The first cell response after exposure to xenobiotics occurs at gene transcription level. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Mar 30;221:59-67. Epub 2019 Mar 30.

Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.

The potential role of microplastic particles (MPs) as vectors for lipophilic organic pollutants enhancing their uptake by organisms has repeatedly been discussed in the scientific community. Likewise, several studies indicate an important role of surfactants in pollutant-transfer from MP to organisms. Employing polyethylene particles, the bioavailability of three MP-bound inducers of 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) with variable lipophilicity was quantitatively compared via EROD activity in RTL-W1 cells. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Mar 28;221:21-28. Epub 2019 Mar 28.

North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service, North Carolina State University, Trenton, NC, USA. Electronic address:

During the past decade, the total population and overall reproductive performance of the oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense) in the Anzali international wetland and its basin rivers has been severely reduced. This seems to be caused by an increase in heavy metal pollution from industrial wastewaters. We investigated the effects of chronic levels of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) on reproductive success, hemato-immunology, crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (cHH), Pb/Cd bioaccumulation and histopathology of hepatopancreas of oriental river prawn. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Mar 26;221:68-72. Epub 2019 Mar 26.

Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.

As erythrocytes are continuously exposed to plenty of metabolites and toxicants, the aim of the present work is to show whether erythrocytes from different sources may exhibit different susceptibility to hemolysis induced by two classes of xenobiotics, Cnidaria venoms, acting via pore forming mechanism on cell membrane, and Cd, inducing cell damage mainly via lipid peroxidation. To this end, the hemolytic power of crude venom from stinging cells of the anthozoan Aiptasia mutabilis and from the scyphozoan Pelagia noctiluca has been tested, along with Cd (5 to 20 mM), on erythrocytes (0.05% v/v) obtained from either rabbit, or dog, or chicken, or human source. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Mar 23;221:10-20. Epub 2019 Mar 23.

Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Departmento de Ciência Animal, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, RS, Brazil. Electronic address:

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by varieties of fungi that contaminate food and feed resources and are capable of inducing a wide range of toxicity. This problem is extensively aggravated due to the increasing replacement of fish meal by plant-derived proteins. Among the mycotoxins, aflatoxins have received a great deal of attention owing to their great prevalence in plant feedstuffs and to the detrimental effects on animals. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Mar 21;221:1-9. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Marine Immunobiology Laboratory, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy. Electronic address:

Bivalve molluscs possess effective cellular and humoral defence mechanisms against bacterial infection. Although the immune responses of mussels to challenge with pathogenic vibrios have been largely investigated, the effects at the site of injection at the tissue level have not been so far evaluated. To this aim, mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis were herein in vivo challenged with Vibrio splendidus to assess the responses induced in hemolymph and posterior adductor muscle (PAM), being the site of bacterial infection. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Mar 21;221:29-37. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Centro de Investigaciones en Enfermedades Tropicales - CINTROP, Facultad de Salud, Escuela de Medicina, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Industrial de Santander Parque Tecnológico y de Investigaciones Guatiguara, Km 2 Vía El Refugio, Piedecuesta, Santander, Colombia. Electronic address:

The aim of this research study was to understand the mechanism of action of Salvia officinalis (Lamiaceae) essential oil (EO) on Aedes aegypti larvae. We evaluated the effect on DNA damage, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition and mitochondrial enzymatic alterations. The major components were analyzed in silico using OSIRIS and Molispiration free software. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Mar 21;221:38-48. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA. Electronic address:

Following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, approximately 7 million liters of the dispersant Corexit 9500A were released to promote oil biodegradation by breaking up surface oil slick formation. This process is accomplished via amphipathic anionic surfactants within dispersants that facilitate the mixing of aqueous and lipid phases. However, the amphipathicity of Corexit may also cause it to interact with biological membranes like the gill, impairing gill function and ultimately disrupting physiological processes mediated by it, such as osmoregulation. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Jun 15;220:62-70. Epub 2019 Mar 15.

Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Iran.

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of the organophosphorus pesticide dimethoate and cadmium on biochemical parameters of a freshwater snail, Galba truncatula, in laboratory conditions. In 14 days, snails were exposed to 0, 100, 200, and 400 μg L of dimethoate and 0.0 and 1000 μg L of cadmium chloride. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Jun 13;220:52-61. Epub 2019 Mar 13.

The University of Texas at Austin, 750 Channelview Drive, Port Aransas, TX, USA.

Crude oil and its constituent chemicals are common environmental toxicants in aquatic environments worldwide, and have been the subject of intense research for decades. Importantly, aquatic environments are also the sites of numerous other environmental disturbances that can impact the endemic fauna. While there have been a number of attempts to explore the potential additive and synergistic effects of oil exposure and environmental stressors, many of these efforts have focused on the cumulative effects on typical toxicological endpoints (e. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Jun 6;220:31-35. Epub 2019 Mar 6.

Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA. Electronic address:

During the spring and summer of 2010, the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil well released over three million barrels of crude oil into the Gulf of Mexico. As the oil dispersed it contaminated ecosystems that support numerous Gulf species including mahi-mahi (Coryphaena hippurus). The timing of the spill, and location of the surface slick, coincided with the spawning of many species in the region, raising concerns over embryonic and larval exposure. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Jun 27;220:47-51. Epub 2019 Feb 27.

Department of Agronomy, State University of Londrina - UEL, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid, PR-445, Km 380, Mailbox: 10.011, 86057-970 Londrina, Paraná State, Brazil. Electronic address:

Euschistus heros is an important pest in many crops in Brazil, and different control strategies, mainly involving chemicals, have been evaluated; however, the side effects of these chemicals on the balance of inorganic element levels in the hemolymph are unknown. Thus, the aim of this work was to determine the concentration of inorganic elements (focusing on macro-elements) in the hemolymph of female and male E. heros adults, after applying pyriproxyfen at a sublethal concentration (LC = 6. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Jun 28;220:20-30. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, Bornova, 35100 Izmir, Turkey. Electronic address:

Animal secretions are of great interest in terms of drug development due to their complex protein and peptide composition. Especially, in the field of therapeutic medications such as anti-cancer drugs snake venoms receive attention. In this study, we address two Viperidae species from various habitats with a particular focus on the cytotoxic potential along with the decomplexation of the venom proteome: the horned desert viper (Cerastes cerastes), native to desert regions of North Africa and the mangrove pit viper (Cryptelytrops purpureomaculatus), found in coastal forests of Southeast Asia. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Jun 27;220:9-19. Epub 2019 Feb 27.

Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

The well-known and effective anthelmintic oxibendazole was recently shown to have a broad spectrum of biological abilities, such as anti-cancer and anti-inflammation activities. In contrast, the mechanism of oxibendazole's anti-proliferative effect via cell signaling pathways and its role in pre-implantation has not been studied. Therefore, in this study we demonstrated the effects of oxibendazole on the proliferation of porcine trophectoderm (pTr) cells and porcine luminal epithelial (pLE) cells, a well-known in vitro model system of the fetal-maternal interface. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 May 22;219:77-86. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, 130 DeSoto Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA. Electronic address:

Caterpillars of the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella, are shown to be a useful invertebrate organism for examining mitochondrial toxicants (inhibitors of electron transport) and testing putative antidotes. Administration of sodium azide, sodium cyanide, or sodium (hydro)sulfide by intra-haemocoel injection (through a proleg) results in a dose-dependent paralysed state in the larvae lasting from <1 to ~40 min. The duration of paralysis is easily monitored, because if turned onto their backs, the larvae right themselves onto their prolegs once they are able to move again. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Jun 22;220:1-8. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Shandong Province 266200, PR China. Electronic address:

Physiological and biochemical responses in bivalves exposed to pollutants have proved a valuable tool to assess the health of organisms in aquatic ecosystems. The single and combined effects of mercury (Hg, 2 and 10 μg/L) and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP, 3 μg/L) on physiological and biochemical biomarkers in Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum were evaluated. Results showed that significant higher oxygen consumption (OR) and ammonia-N excretion rates (NR) together with significant lower ingestion rates (IR) were observed for the 10 μg/L Hg or 3 μg/L BaP treatments compared to controls (P < 0. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 May 22;219:87-94. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan; Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan.

In a previous study, we reported that Curcuma longa strain Ryudai gold (RD) showed antifungal activity against Fusarium solani sensu lato (FSSL) among the different species and varieties of turmeric. The present study focused on isolation, identification and structural elucidation of antifungal compounds in RD. The ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction was eluted with n-hexane and EtOAc with gradually increasing the concentration of EtOAc (n-hexane:EtOAc; 100:0; 80:20; 60:40, 40:60, 20:80 and 0:100). Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Jun 21;220:36-46. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

Research group on Biotechnology and Bioprospecting Applied to Metabolism, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Rodovia Dourados Itahum, Km 12, 79804-970 Dourados, MS, Brazil. Electronic address:

Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi, commonly known as Brazilian peppertree, is a plant species widely used in Brazilian traditional medicine for various purposes. The objective of this study was to assess the microbiological quality, safety, chemical profile as well as antioxidant and antidiabetic potentials of different parts of S. terebinthifolius. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 May 21;219:95-102. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

Dept. of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.

Cerium nanoparticles (nCeO) are increasingly utilized in a wide variety of industrial, environmental and biomedical applications, and are therefore expected to be released in the aquatic environment. Due to its peculiar redox properties, nCeO may present unique hazards to environmental and human health. Previous data showed that in the hemocytes of the marine bivalve Mytilus galloprovincialis, in vitro exposure to a particular type of nCeO (9 nm, characterized by negative ζ-potential, high HO scavenging capacity and Ce/Ce surface ratio) reduced basal ROS production, lysosomal membrane stability and phagocytic activity in the presence of hemolymph serum; the effects observed were partly ascribed to the formation of a SOD-protein corona in the hemolymph. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 May 21;219:103-115. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal. Electronic address:

The widespread use of Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has been increasing exponentially, leading to a significant potential release into the environment. Nevertheless, the toxic effects of CNTs in natural aquatic systems are related to their ability to interact with abiotic compounds. Considering that salinity variations are one of the main challenges in the environment and thus may influence the behavior and toxicity of CNTs, a laboratory experiment was performed exposing the tube-building polychaete Diopatra neapolitana (Delle Chiaje 1841) for 28 days to pristine multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) and carboxylated MWCNTs, maintained at control salinity 28 and low salinity 21. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 May 14;219:50-58. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, via S. Alberto 163, 48123 Ravenna, Italy.

The emerging paradigm on plastic pollution in marine environments is that microsize particles (MPs) have far more subtle effects than bigger fragments, given their size range overlapping with that of particles ingested by filter-feeders. The impacts include gut blockage, altered feeding and energy allocation, with knock-on effects on widespread physiological processes. This study investigated whether ingestion of polystyrene MPs (PS-MPs) triggers protective processes in marine mussels. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 May 13;219:68-76. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.

The progressive growth of aquaculture implicates a dependence on large water amounts, which are submitted to disinfection processes, namely ozonation. Considering the importance of genomic integrity, it is critical to improve the knowledge on ozone-related genotoxic hazard to organisms reared in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) applying ozonation. Therefore, genetic damage induced by ozone exposure in the Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) was assessed, combining the comet and the erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities (ENA) assays, reflecting different damage levels, i. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 May 10;219:42-49. Epub 2019 Feb 10.

Unilasalle-Universidade Lassalle, Mestrado de Avaliação em Impactos Ambientais, Av. Victor Barreto, 2288, CEP 92010-000 Canoas, RS, Brazil.

This study aims to evaluate the contamination of the water of Lagoa Tramandaí on Genidens genidens and Citharichthys spilopterus residents of Lagoa Tramandaí, a region susceptible to environmental damage due to the release of domestic sewage from the municipalities bathed by the lagoon. Thereby, the biota suffers the interference of heavy metals, affecting their behavior and the metabolism of these individuals. The hepatic and muscular glycogen, glucose and plasma lactate of these species were analyzed, as well as the presence of heavy metals in lagoon water. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 May 7;219:59-67. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China. Electronic address:

The red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta elegans), a freshwater turtle, is an invasive species in many parts of the world where it survives in both freshwater and coastal saline habitats. High salinity can induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and lead to oxidative damage. In this study, we investigate the antioxidant defense mechanisms of T. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 May 6;219:25-34. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092, China.

The present study was to investigate the effects of stocking density on the welfare of juvenile Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) cultured in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) for three months. Fish (average weight 760.86 g) were reared in triplicate under three densities: low density (4. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 May 6;219:35-41. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

University of Texas at Austin, Marine Science Institute, Port Aransas, TX 78373, USA.

Acute exposure to crude oil and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) can severely impair cardiorespiratory function and swim performance of larval, juvenile and adult fish. Interestingly, recent work has documented an oil induced decoupling of swim performance (U) and maximum metabolic rate (MMR) whereby oil causes a decline in U without a parallel reduction in MMR. We hypothesize that this uncoupling is due to impaired mitochondrial function in swimming muscles that results in increased proton leak, and thus less ATP generated per unit oxygen. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 May 2;219:12-24. Epub 2019 Feb 2.

Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.

DNA integrity and stability are essential to organisms' health and survival. However, it has been neglected in what concerns to fish farming, disregarding the potential impact of endogenous/ exogenous factors. As marine macroalgae constitute a source of natural compounds with a large spectrum of biological activities, this study, situated in the interface of nutritional-genetic research and development of algae practical applications, aimed to evaluate the genoprotective properties of a macroalgae-enriched diet (total percentage of 5%, incorporating equal percentages of Ulva rigida, Gracilaria gracilis and Fucus vesiculosus) in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 May 25;219:1-11. Epub 2019 Jan 25.

Department of Chemistry, Montréal University, Montréal, QC H2V 2B8, Canada.

The release of engineered nanoparticles in the aquatic environment could pose a threat to the biota. The purpose of the study was to examine the influence of surface water characteristics on zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO) and ZnS0 toxicity to the freshwater mussel Dreissena polymorpha. Mussels were exposed to an equivalent concentration of 25 μg/L Zn as either nZnO or ZnSO for 96 h at 15 °C in 4 types of surface waters: green water (high conductivity and pH with low natural organic matter content), brown water (low conductivity and pH with high natural organic matter content), diluted municipal effluent (high conductivity and pH with high urban organic matter content) and aquarium water (treated green water with organic matter removed). Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Apr 17;218:81-87. Epub 2019 Jan 17.

I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194223 Saint-Petersburg, Russia. Electronic address:

Previously we showed that arginine-vasotocin (AVT)-stimulated osmotic water permeability (OWP) of the frog urinary bladder was decreased if the mucosal side of the bladder has been naturally colonized by Gram-negative bacteria, or if bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was introduced into the lumen of the isolated bladder (J. Exp. Zool. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Apr 15;218:88-95. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Developmental and Integrative Biology Division, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, United States. Electronic address:

Mitochondrial function is critical to support aerobic metabolism through the production of ATP, and deficiencies in mitochondrial bioenergetics will directly impact the performance capacity of highly aerobic tissues such as the myocardium. Cardiac function in fish has been shown to be negatively affected by crude oil exposure, however, the mechanism for this adverse response is largely unexplored. We hypothesized that lipophilic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) found in crude oil disrupt the electron transport system (ETS) ultimately leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Apr 15;218:70-80. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.

Analyzing effects of metal mixtures is important to obtain a realistic understanding of the impact of mixed stress in natural ecosystems. The impact of a one-week exposure to a sublethal metal mixture containing copper (4.8 μg/L), cadmium (2. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Apr 11;218:62-69. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran. Electronic address:

This study evaluated the potential toxic effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and silver nanowires (AgNWs) on saltwater microcrustacean Artemia salina nauplii under ISO TS 20787 guideline. To investigate the acute toxicity of these nanomaterials, the nauplii were exposed to different concentrations of 0 (control), 0.39, 1. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Apr 27;218:36-45. Epub 2018 Dec 27.

Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address:

Sea weeds are valuable natural assets in aquaculture due to the presence of various bioactive active metabolites in them. Successful fish production and maintenance of disease free culturing systems in aquaculture with environment friendly practices is often affected by various environmental factors. Disease causing pathogens is one of the major factors. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Apr 26;218:46-54. Epub 2018 Dec 26.

Instituto de Oceanografia (IO), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil; Laboratório de Nutrição de Organismos Aquáticos (LANOA), IO, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Aquicultura, FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil. Electronic address:

This research evaluated the effect of the simultaneous substitution of fish meal and fish oil at 0, 30, 50, 70 and 100% (termed SS0, SS30, SS50, SS70 and SS100, respectively) with both Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) and linseed oil. The effect on growth, colour, fatty acid (FA) profile, and liver and muscle antioxidant response in mullets (Mugil liza) were evaluated. A full substitution was not possible due to a final body weight reduction (p < 0. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Apr 20;218:55-61. Epub 2018 Dec 20.

Laboratory of Biochemistry Hatisaburo Masuda, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, NUPEM - UFRJ/Macaé, Av. São José do Barreto 764, São José do Barreto, Macaé, RJ CEP 27971-550, Brazil; Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology -Molecular Entomology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Electronic address:

The cattle tick R. microplus is the biggest obstacle to livestock rearing in tropical countries. It is responsible for billions of dollars in losses every year, affecting meat and milk production, beef and dairy cattle, and the leather industry. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Apr 11;218:8-13. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether rupture on blood-brain barrier (BBB) can be a pathway for trichlorfon-induced neurotoxic effects, and to investigate its implications on oxidative status, cell viability and brain neurotransmitters in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). The BBB permeability was increased in fish exposed for 24 h to 22 mg/L of trichlorfon compared to the control group, as well as in those exposed to 11 and 22 mg/L of trichlorfon for 48 h. Compared to the control group, brain reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxide levels were higher when exposed to 22 mg/L of trichlorfon and 11 and 22 mg/L of trichlorfon after 24 h and 48 h, respectively, while the antioxidant capacity against peroxyl radical levels was lower. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Apr 10;218:14-20. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, South Australia, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, South Australia, Australia.

In an effort to overcome the palatability issues currently constraining the effective delivery of praziquantel (PZQ) via feed to treat monogenean parasites in yellowtail kingfish, this study compared the bioavailability and palatability of PZQ in hydrogenated castor oil (HCO) solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) against pure PZQ in this species. Improving bioavailability would facilitate lower dietary inclusion levels to achieve the same therapeutic dose and therefore reduce the bitterness of feeds containing PZQ. Bioavailability was determined by co-administering feed with either pure PZQ, HCO-SLN or HCO-SLN coated with chitosan via intubation and quantifying the pharmacokinetics response. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Apr 11;218:30-35. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal de Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul-FURG, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas -FAC, ICB, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Rede de Nanotoxicologia (MCTI/CNPq), Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Nanomateriais de Carbono (CNPq), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Electronic address:

Given the increasing use of carbon nanotubes (CNT) in several industries and technological applications, it is essential to perform in vivo toxicological studies with these nanomaterials to evaluate their potential ecotoxicity. Dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5HT) are key neurotransmitters for brain functions and behavioral responses. Determination of DA and 5HT were performed in brain samples from zebrafish Danio rerio exposed i. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Apr 4;218:1-7. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Joel Montes Camarena s/n, Mazatlán 82040, Sinaloa, Mexico; El Colegio de Sinaloa, Centro, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico. Electronic address:

This study investigated acute arsenic toxicity and bioconcentration capacity in Litopenaeus vannamei because it has been frequently exposed to lower salinities than its isosmotic point (25 g L). Juveniles (9.9 ± 0. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Apr 4;218:21-29. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China. Electronic address:

A 30-days feeding trail was conducted to determine the sensitivity of Carassius auratus to the toxicological effects of elevated dietary Selenomethionine (Se-Met). C. auratus averaging 23. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Mar 4;217:98-105. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China. Electronic address:

Antioxidant enzymes play essential roles against oxidative stress caused by 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47), which is ubiquitous in marine environment and organisms. However, research on antioxidant responses to BDE-47 in marine bivalves is scarce. In this study, we identified the full-length cDNA of catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the clam Mactra veneriformis. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Mar 4;217:114-121. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática: Invertebrados Nativos (EAIN), Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Nuñez, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Electronic address:

This work aimed to study in the freshwater gastropod Planorbarius corneus the effects of acute (2 days) and subchronic (14 days) exposures to an environmental concentration of the organophosphate azinphos-methyl on different reproductive parameters, offspring survival and B-esterase activities in gonads and in the whole organism soft tissue. The acute exposure inhibited only carboxylesterase activity in both tissues while the subchronic exposure also inhibited cholinesterase activity, decreased the number of hatched-eggs and increased offspring lethality (92%). On the other hand, B-esterases in gonads were more effective biomarkers than B-esterases in the whole organism due their inhibition appeared earlier in time (cholinesterase activity) and their activity remained inhibited for a longer time (carboxylesterase activity) when recovery studies were performed. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Mar 4;217:106-113. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China. Electronic address:

Tetrabromoethylcyclohexane (TBECH), as one emerging brominated flame retardants, is ubiquitous in the environment, including water and aquatic organisms. TBECH was found to exhibit endocrine-disrupting effects in different models, whereas a survey of comprehensive toxic effects of TBECH on zebrafish is limited. In the present study, zebrafish (Danio rerio) were waterborne exposed continuously to TBECH from embryonic stage (3 h post-fertilization (hpf)) to the time when the respective parameters were evaluated. Read More