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PLoS Genet 2019 Feb 15;15(2):e1007916. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America.

In the U.S., more than 80% of African-American smokers use mentholated cigarettes, compared to less than 30% of Caucasian smokers. Read More

J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2018 Oct 29. Epub 2018 Oct 29.

Stony Brook University, NY.

Objective: The two primary - seemingly contradictory - strategies for classifying child psychiatric syndromes are categorical and dimensional; conceptual ambiguities appear to be greatest for polythetic syndromes such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Recently, a compelling alternative has emerged that integrates both categorical and dimensional approaches (ie, hybrid model) thanks to the increasing sophistication of analytic procedures. This study aimed to quantify the optimal phenotypic structure of ASD by comprehensively comparing categorical, dimensional, and hybrid models. Read More

OMICS 2019 Feb;23(2):98-110

7 Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore, India.

Eye disorders and resulting visual loss are major public health problems affecting millions of people worldwide. In this context, the sclera is an opaque, thick outer coat covering more than 80% of the eye, and essential in maintaining the shape of the eye and protecting the intraocular contents against infection and the external environment. Despite efforts undertaken to decipher the scleral proteome, the functional and structural picture of the sclera still remain elusive. Read More

Pediatr Blood Cancer 2019 Feb 15:e27673. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Perini Family Survivors Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.

Background: Adolescent and young adult patients with cancer (AYAs) identify sexual and reproductive health (SRH) as an important but often neglected aspect of their comprehensive cancer care. The purpose of this study was to explore AYA perceptions and experiences of SRH communication with oncology clinicians.

Methods: Twenty-three AYA patients and survivors ages 15-25 years from a large academic oncology center participated in semistructured qualitative interviews investigating their experiences discussing SRH issues, including specific topics discussed, conversation barriers and facilitators, suggestions for clinicians on how to improve conversations, and education and resource needs. Read More

Neural Comput 2019 Feb 14:1-27. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Institute of Information and Communication Technologies, Electronics and Applied Mathematics, University of Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve 1348, Belgium

Compensating for sensorimotor noise and for temporal delays has been identified as a major function of the nervous system. However, the aspects have often been described separately in the frameworks of optimal cue combination or motor prediction during movement planning. But control-theoretic models suggest that these two operations are performed simultaneously, and mounting evidence supports that motor commands are based on sensory predictions rather than sensory states. Read More

Ir J Psychol Med 2019 Feb 14:1-4. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

2College Health Centre,Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is frequently identified in children but is often unrecognised in adults. ASD is characterised by difficulties in social interaction, communication and restricted interests, but other presentations are common, especially in adults. This report describes a 34-year-old man with a history of multiple psychiatric diagnoses including generalised anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder and panic disorder. Read More

Nano Lett 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Exosomes, nano-vesicles that are secreted by different cell types, enable intercellular communication at local or distant sites. Though they have been found to cross the blood brain barrier, their migration and homing abilities within the brain remain unstudied. We have recently developed a method for longitudinal and quantitative in vivo neuroimaging of exosomes, based on the superior visualization abilities of classical X-ray computed tomography (CT), combined with gold nanoparticles as labeling agents. Read More

Minerva Pediatr 2019 Feb 13. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari ''Aldo Moro'', Bari, Italy.

Background: The aim of current study was to examine the nature and prevalence of feeding problems and mealtime behavior problems in children with ASD comparing to children with other neurodevelopmental disorders (NNDs) and TD children. We also investigated the impact of intelligence quotient (IQ) and/or emotional and behavioral problems on feeding and mealtime behavior problems.

Methods: Participants completed the following tests: Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ), Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Brief Autism Mealtime Behavior Inventory (BAMBI) and Behavioral Pediatric Feeding Assessment Scale (BPFAS). Read More

Curr Drug Targets 2019 Feb 12. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Laboratory of Technological Development in Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-360. Brazil.

Background: Extracellular purines and pyrimidines have important physiological functions in mammals. Purines and pyrimidines act on P1 and P2 purinergic receptors, which are widely expressed in the plasma membrane in various cell types. P2 receptors act as important therapeutic targets and are associated with several disorders, such as pain, neurodegeneration, cancer, inflammation, and thrombosis. Read More

J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2019 Feb 13. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Elmira College, Elmira, USA.

Behavioral health issues like anxiety and depression negatively impact numerous aspects of primary care, including medical regimen adherence, communication, physical well-being, and engagement in beneficial health behaviors. This study aimed to examine internal and family medicine residents': (1) patterns of addressing mental health concerns (e.g. Read More

Codas 2019 Feb 11;31(1):e20180083. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre (RS), Brasil.

Purpose: To describe the presence of speech-language therapists (SLT) in the primary health care (PHC) in Brazil and its association with socioeconomic inequalities.

Methods: Cross-sectional study with 17,157 PHC services in all Brazilian states. Based on the NASF External Assessment Questionnaire sub-item "speech-language therapist", which was used to answer the question "What NASF professionals support your PHC service?", in addition to contextual data (regional population, number of registered SLP, speech therapy college courses, city HDI and Gini Index). Read More

JMIR Res Protoc 2019 Feb 12;8(2):e12121. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.

Background: Efficacious psychiatric treatments are not consistently deployed in community practice, and clinical outcomes are attenuated compared with those achieved in clinical trials. A major focus for mental health services research is to develop effective and cost-effective strategies that increase the use of evidence-based assessment, prevention, and treatment approaches in community settings.

Objective: The goal of this program of research is to apply insights from behavioral economics and participatory design to advance the science and practice of implementing evidence-based practice (EBP) for individuals with psychiatric disorders across the life span. Read More

Adv Exp Med Biol 2019 ;1118:253-269

Department of Genomics, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, Kerala, India.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a severe neurodevelopmental or neuropsychiatric disorder with elusive etiology and obscure pathophysiology. Cognitive inabilities, impaired communication, repetitive behavior pattern, and restricted social interaction and communication lead to a debilitating situation in autism. The pattern of co-occurrence of medical comorbidities is most intriguing in autism, compared to any other neurodevelopmental disorders. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2019 Feb 6;120:20-24. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.

Objective: Quantify the rates influenza vaccination and RSV prophylaxis for children with airway stenosis and/or other disorders and assess impact on resource utilization.

Methods: This was a retrospective study with data extracted from Duke Enterprise Data Unified Content Explorer (DEDUCE) between January 1, 2006 and December 1, 2017. Children aged 18 years and younger with at least one diagnosis code for airway stenosis and/or disorders were included. Read More

Infant Behav Dev 2019 Feb 8;54:120-132. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.

The current study examined maternal language and prosody production during feeding (milk vs. solid foods) and playing with their infant compared to an adult-directed speech (ADS) baseline in 12 healthy full-term infants (6-13 months old). We recorded maternal language during 10 min of spontaneous speech across the four conditions. Read More

Otol Neurotol 2019 Mar;40(3):e316-e325

The Department of Communication Disorders, Steyer School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel.

Background: Speech perception in noise remains a significant challenge for cochlear implant (CI) users in everyday life. It has been argued that training to use the information provided by the CI is as important as technological advances. So far, however, only few studies have trained speech perception in noise, most (if not all) included postlingually deafened CI adult users using non-sentence training material. Read More

Otol Neurotol 2019 Mar;40(3):e290-e297

Iowa Cochlear Implant Clinical Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa.

Background: Music engagement (the active making of music, e.g., music lessons and ensembles) is a common part of educational and community experiences. Read More

Otol Neurotol 2019 Mar;40(3):e267-e276

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery.

Objective: The goal of this investigation was to determine if a short electrode in one ear and standard electrode in the contralateral ear could be an option for infants with congenital profound deafness to theoretically preserve the structures of the inner ear. Similarities in performance between ears and compared with a control group of infants implanted with bilateral standard electrodes was evaluated.

Study Design: Repeated-measure, single-subject experiment. Read More

Otol Neurotol 2019 Mar;40(3):321-327

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati (UC) College of Medicine and Neurosensory Disorders Center at UC Gardner Neuroscience Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio.

Outcome Objectives: STUDY DESIGN:: Retrospective chart review.

Setting: Single tertiary care center, 2001 to 2016.

Patients: Adult CI recipients were assessed. Read More

Autism Res 2019 Feb 11. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.

Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit significant impairments in adaptive functioning that impact on their ability to meet the demands of everyday life. A recurrent finding is that there is a pronounced discrepancy between level of cognitive ability and adaptive functioning, and this is particularly prominent among higher-ability individuals. However, the key clinical and demographic associations of these discrepancies remain unclear. Read More

Int J Lang Commun Disord 2019 Feb 10. Epub 2019 Feb 10.

Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel.

Background: Bilingual children and children diagnosed with developmental language disorder (DLD) are characterized by reduced lexical-retrieval abilities. Few studies examined their joint contribution and the mechanisms underlying these effects in the lexical domain.

Aims: To explore the joint effects of bilingualism and DLD by adopting a four-group comparison in which the difference between bi- and monolingual children with DLD is directly compared with that of bi- and monolingual children with typical language development (TLD). Read More

J Voice 2019 Feb 6. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

Corporación Universitaria Iberoamericana, Department Communication Sciences and Disorders, Vocology Center, Bogotá, Colombia.

Purpose: The present study aimed at observing the possible differential effects of eight semioccluded vocal tract exercises (SOVTE) on vocal economy measured by the Quasi Output Cost Ratio (QOCR).

Methods: Thirty-six participants were included in this study. They were divided into two groups: an experimental group of subjects diagnosed with mild hyperfunctional dysphonia (n = 17) and a control group of vocally healthy subjects (n = 19). Read More

Atten Percept Psychophys 2019 Feb 8. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Boston University, 635 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.

Speech processing is slower and less accurate when listeners encounter speech from multiple talkers compared to one continuous talker. However, interference from multiple talkers has been investigated only using immediate speech recognition or long-term memory recognition tasks. These tasks reveal opposite effects of speech processing time on speech recognition - while fast processing of multi-talker speech impedes immediate recognition, it also results in more abstract and less talker-specific long-term memories for speech. Read More

Encephale 2019 Feb 5. Epub 2019 Feb 5.

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Charles-Nicolle, University of Normandie, 76000 Rouen, France.

Asperger's syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder which is part of the large family of autism spectrum disorders. People with Asperger's syndrome have difficulties in social interactions, verbal and non-verbal communication, and may display behavioural oddities, with stereotypies and limited interests. They show no language delay and their cognitive development is not marked by an overall delay but by specific impairments in certain areas such as the executive functions. Read More

Neuropsychologia 2019 Feb 5;125:116-128. Epub 2019 Feb 5.

Department of Linguistics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.

In fMRI, increased activation for combinatorial syntactic and semantic processing is typically observed in a set of left hemisphere brain areas: the angular gyrus (AG), the anterior temporal lobe (ATL), the posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS), and the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). Recent work has suggested that semantic combination is supported by the ATL and the AG, with a division of labor in which AG is involved in event concepts and ATL is involved in encoding conceptual features of entities and/or more general forms of semantic combination. The current fMRI study was designed to refine hypotheses about the angular gyrus processes in question. Read More

Dev Sci 2019 Feb 8:e12807. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TXUSA.

Socioeconomic status (SES) has been shown to influence language skills, with children of lower SES backgrounds performing worse on language assessments compared to their higher SES peers. While there is abundant behavioral research on the effects of SES, whether there are differences in the neural mechanisms used to support language skill is less established. In the current study, we examined the relation between maternal education (ME), a component of SES, and neural mechanisms of language. Read More

J Intellect Disabil Res 2019 Feb 8. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.

Background: Older people with intellectual disability have high multimorbidity and poor physical and mental health compared with the general population. Consequently, they have a greater need for health care. Hospital readmissions may be an indicator of the quality of health care. Read More

J Autism Dev Disord 2019 Feb 4. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

Uppsala Child and Baby Lab, Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, 751 42, Uppsala, Sweden.

To fulfill the criteria for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), symptoms must be present across domains and contexts. We assessed preschool staff's ratings of social communication and interaction (SCI) and restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) in 3-year-old siblings of children with ASD, either diagnosed (n = 12) or not diagnosed (n = 36) with ASD, and typically developing siblings with no family history of ASD (n = 16). Ratings of SCI were more accurate than RRBs in differentiating the ASD group from the two other groups, and only the SCI ratings correlated with clinical assessment of social behavior. Read More

Autism Dev Lang Impair 2018 Jan-Dec;3. Epub 2018 Oct 9.

Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders and the Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison.

Background & Aims: Anecdotal evidence suggests that individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) prefer non-fiction books over fiction books. The current study was the first to investigate parent-reports of children with ASD's fiction and non-fiction book preferences and whether these relate to individual differences in social communication, oral language, and/or reading abilities.

Method: Children (ages 8-14 years, = 10. Read More

J Trace Elem Med Biol 2019 Mar 6;52:100-110. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Para, Belem, Brazil. Electronic address:

The mercury-related central nervous system disorders have been extensively studied on animal models and human beings. However, clinical evidences of which neurological changes are in fact associated with mercury exposure remains controversial. This systematic review (Prospero registration under the number CRD42016041760) aimed to elucidate the association of methylmercury (MeHg) exposure with neurological alteration in populations living in MeHg-endemic risk area. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Feb;98(6):e14404

Research Unit for Neonatal Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, Medical University of Graz.

Children born preterm (PT) have a higher risk of language delays than children born full-term (FT). Expressive vocabulary plays a central role in language development, as later grammar ability can be predicted from earlier vocabulary size.To determine the effects of preterm birth on expressive vocabulary at the age of 36 to 41 months. Read More

PLoS One 2019 7;14(2):e0209978. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.

There is increasing evidence that mastering handwriting skills play an important role on academic achievement. This is a slow process that begins in kindergarten: at this age, writing is very similar to drawing (i.e. Read More

J Thromb Haemost 2019 Feb 7. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire, UK.

The WHO International Standard (WHO IS) for Factor V in plasma defines the International Unit (IU) for factor V clotting activity and thereby supports the quantification, harmonisation and long-term continuity of measurements internationally. Measurement of factor V in plasma is pertinent to the diagnosis of rare bleeding disorders as well as being a quality control marker for solvent-detergent treated fresh, frozen human plasma [1,2]. Declining stocks of the WHO 1st IS (NIBSC code: 03/116) has made it necessary to prepare a replacement standard and this report describes the value assignment of the WHO 2nd IS Factor V plasma (16/374) for clotting activity and a new analyte, factor V antigen. Read More

Glia 2019 Feb 7. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Laboratory for Enteric NeuroScience (LENS), Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.

Coordination of gastrointestinal function relies on joint efforts of enteric neurons and glia, whose crosstalk is vital for the integration of their activity. To investigate the signaling mechanisms and to delineate the spatial aspects of enteric neuron-to-glia communication within enteric ganglia we developed a method to stimulate single enteric neurons while monitoring the activity of neighboring enteric glial cells. We combined cytosolic calcium uncaging of individual enteric neurons with calcium imaging of enteric glial cells expressing a genetically encoded calcium indicator and demonstrate that enteric neurons signal to enteric glial cells through pannexins using paracrine purinergic pathways. Read More

Semin Hear 2019 Feb 5;40(1):49-67. Epub 2019 Feb 5.

Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Florida Sarasota-Manatee, Sarasota, Florida.

Hearing aids are a demonstrated efficacious intervention for age-related hearing loss, and research suggests that good hearing loss self-management skills improve amplification satisfaction and outcomes. One way to foster self-management skills is through the provision of patient education materials. However, many of the available resources related to the management of hearing loss do not account for health literacy and are not suitable for use with adults from varying health literacy backgrounds. Read More

Semin Hear 2019 Feb 5;40(1):3-6. Epub 2019 Feb 5.

Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.

Semin Hear 2019 Feb 5;40(1):1-2. Epub 2019 Feb 5.

Communication Science and Disorders, University of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, Eye and Ear Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Cochlear Implants Int 2019 Feb 6:1-11. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

b Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders , The University of Texas at Dallas , Dallas , TX , USA.

Adolescents with severe to profound hearing loss who wear cochlear implants (CIs) experience significantly more peer problems compared to peers with typical hearing (TH). Differences in peer social dynamics may relate to perception not only of message content, but also message intent based on a speaker's emotion from visual (e.g. Read More

Mov Disord 2019 Feb 6. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

Background: In 2017, the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society put forward new clinical criteria for the diagnosis of PSP, recognizing diverse PSP phenotypes. In this study, we compared the sensitivity and specificity of the new criteria with the National Institutes of Neurological Disease and Society for Progressive Supranuclear Palsy criteria at different times.

Methods: Patients with clinical parkinsonism, clinical and/or neuropathological diagnosis of PSP, were identified from the Society for Progressive Supranuclear Palsy brain bank. Read More

PLoS One 2019 6;14(2):e0209265. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America.

Early cognitive development relies on the sensory experiences that infants acquire as they explore their environment. Atypical experience in one sensory modality from birth may result in fundamental differences in general cognitive abilities. The primary aim of the current study was to compare visual habituation in infants with profound hearing loss, prior to receiving cochlear implants (CIs), and age-matched peers with typical hearing. Read More

Int J Speech Lang Pathol 2019 Feb 6:1-11. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

a Department of Special Education , The Kidtalk Project, Vanderbilt University , Nashville , TN , USA.

Purpose: Efficient and effective interventions are required to meet the communication needs of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). However, most children with ASD living in South Africa do not receive individualised interventions.

Method: This multiple baseline study examined the effects of therapist-implemented enhanced milieu teaching (EMT) on the diversity and frequency of spoken language of three children with ASD in South Africa. Read More

Clin Cancer Res 2019 Feb 5. Epub 2019 Feb 5.

Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH

Purpose: To identify deregulated and inhibitory microRNAs (miRNA, miR), and generate novel mimics for replacement nanomedicine for head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC).

Experimental Design: We integrated miRNA and mRNA expression, copy number variation, and DNA methylation results from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), with a functional genome-wide screen.

Results: We reveal that the miR-30 family is commonly repressed, and all 5 members sharing these seed sequence similarly inhibit HNSCC proliferation in vitro. Read More

Int J Pharm 2019 Feb 2;559:360-372. Epub 2019 Feb 2.

Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon 200704, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Adamas University, Barasat-Barrackpore Rd, Kolkata, West Bengal 700126, India. Electronic address:

The blood brain barrier (BBB) offers protection to the central nervous system (CNS) by maintaining homeostasis. Besides restricting the entry of harmful xenobiotics and endogenous molecules to CNS, BBB also limits the entry of therapeutic agents. Nanotechnology offers the possibility to deliver small molecules/drugs against CNS disorders across BBB. Read More

Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2019 Feb 5. Epub 2019 Feb 5.

3 The Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Mailcode MDYMI, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon.

Energy homeostasis is coordinated by bidirectional communication pathways between the brain and peripheral organs, including adipose tissue, muscle, the pancreas, liver, and gut. Disruption of the integrated chemical, hormonal, and neuronal signals that constitute the gut-brain axis significantly contributes to disorders of metabolism and body weight. Initial studies of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), a gut hormone released in response to the ingestion of nutrients, focused on its incretin actions to improve postprandial glucose homeostasis by enhancing meal-induced insulin secretion. Read More

Elife 2019 Feb 5;8. Epub 2019 Feb 5.

Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, United States.

One output arm of the sleep homeostat in appears to be a group of neurons with projections to the dorsal fan-shaped body (dFB neurons) of the central complex in the brain. However, neurons that regulate the sleep homeostat remain poorly understood. Using neurogenetic approaches combined with Ca imaging, we characterized synaptic connections between dFB neurons and distinct sets of upstream sleep-regulatory neurons. Read More

Elife 2019 Feb 5;8. Epub 2019 Feb 5.

McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States.

Identifying low-dimensional features that describe large-scale neural recordings is a major challenge in neuroscience. Repeated temporal patterns (sequences) are thought to be a salient feature of neural dynamics, but are not succinctly captured by traditional dimensionality reduction techniques. Here, we describe a software toolbox-called seqNMF-with new methods for extracting informative, non-redundant, sequences from high-dimensional neural data, testing the significance of these extracted patterns, and assessing the prevalence of sequential structure in data. Read More

Birth Defects Res 2019 Feb 4. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

Center for Behavioral Teratology and Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California.

Background: Adaptive function and general intellectual function are two important and often correlated domains. While youth with prenatal alcohol exposure frequently demonstrate impairments in both domains, it is not clear whether the relation between these domains is consistent across levels of ability or whether, for example, adaptive function is less affected by intellectual function at higher ability levels. The aim of the current study was to test this relation in youth with and without prenatal alcohol exposure. Read More

Eur J Neurosci 2019 Feb 5. Epub 2019 Feb 5.

Exercise& Memory Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi.

Interhemispheric functional connectivity is associated with cognitive functioning. Although previous work has evaluated the association of cardiorespiratory fitness on cognitive function, there has been a limited investigation of the association of cardiorespiratory fitness on the functional connectivity of memory-related brain structures. As such, the objective of this study was to examine the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and parahippocampal- and hippocampal interhemispheric functional connectivity. Read More

Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2019 Jun 21;13:77-85. Epub 2018 Dec 21.

Section for Translational Research on Retinal and Macular Degeneration, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector-mediated gene delivery is a promising approach for therapy, but implementation in the eye currently is hampered by the need for delivering the vector underneath the retina, using surgical application into the subretinal space. This limits the extent of the retina that is treated and may cause surgical injury. Vector delivery into the vitreous cavity would be preferable because it is surgically less invasive and would reach more of the retina. Read More