Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

J Speech Lang Hear Res 2019 Apr 17:1-13. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, California State University, Northridge.

Purpose The goal of this study was to investigate vowel detection and identification in noise and provide baseline data regarding how vowel perception changed with signal-to-noise ratios. Psychometric functions of vowel detection and identification for 12 American English isolated vowels in long-term speech-shaped noise were examined for young listeners with normal hearing in this study. Method Vowel detection was measured at sensation levels from -10 to +5 dB (re: thresholds of vowel detection from the study of Liu and Eddins, 2008a ) with a 4-interval forced-choice procedure. Read More

Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch 2019 Apr 17:1-14. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Department of Communicative Disorders and Sciences, University at Buffalo, NY.

Purpose The current study used a case review diagnostic assessment task to examine the diagnostic decisions speech-language pathologists (SLPs) working in the United States made after reviewing child language cases. Method Fourteen SLPs were given 5 case studies that presented either congruent or incongruent results between standardized testing and informal measures. After reviewing the assessment data, SLPs were asked to make a diagnostic decision. Read More

Autism 2019 Apr 17:1362361319839151. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

2 University of Vermont, USA.

This study tested international similarities and differences in scores on a scale comprising 12 items identified by international mental health experts as being very consistent with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.) category of autism spectrum disorder. Participants were 19,850 preschoolers in 24 societies rated by parents on the Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 1½-5; 10,521 preschoolers from 15 societies rated by caregivers/teachers on the Caregiver-Teacher Report Form, and 7380 children from 13 societies rated by both types of informant. Read More

Autism 2019 Apr 17:1362361319841312. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA.

The broader autism phenotype refers to sub-clinical autism spectrum disorder characteristics involving socially and emotionally aloof and rigid personality traits and social communication difficulties. Relatives of individuals with autism spectrum disorder, including parents, evidence an increased rate of broader autism phenotype. The goal of this study was to evaluate the association between actor (one's own) and partner (their partner's) broader autism phenotype and the self-reported, observed, and physiological (i. Read More

Cardiovasc Eng Technol 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, 144011, India.

Purpose: T-wave in electrocardiogram (ECG) is a vital wave component and has potential of diagnosing various cardiac disorders. The present work proposes a novel technique for T-wave peak detection using minimal pre-processing and simple root mean square based decision rule.

Methods: The technique uses a two-stage median filter and a Savitzky-Golay smoothing filter for pre-processing. Read More

Trends Microbiol 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Biochemistry and Genetics of Microorganisms (BGM), Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology (LIBST), UCLouvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Syngulon, rue du Bois Saint-Jean 15/1, 4102, Seraing, Belgium. Electronic address:

With the specter of resurgence of pathogens due to the propagation of antibiotic-resistance genes, innovative antimicrobial strategies are needed. In this review, we summarize the beneficial aspects of bacteriocins, a set of miscellaneous peptide-based bacterium killers, compared with classical antibiotics, and emphasize their use in cocktails to curb the emergence of new resistance. We highlight that their prey spectrum, their molecular malleability, and their multiple modes of production might lead to specific and personalized treatments to prevent systemic disorders. Read More

Health Commun 2019 Apr 16:1-9. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

a Department of Communication , Texas A&M University.

Diagnoses of attention-deficit-disorders and stimulant prescriptions to treat these disorders (e.g., Adderall) are on the rise. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2019 Apr 2;20(7). Epub 2019 Apr 2.

VA Puget Sound Healthcare System, Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Seattle, WA 98108, USA.

Age is associated with altered immune functions that may affect the brain. Brain barriers, including the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and blood-CSF barrier (BCSFB), are important interfaces for neuroimmune communication, and are affected by aging. In this review, we explore novel mechanisms by which the aging immune system alters central nervous system functions and neuroimmune responses, with a focus on brain barriers. Read More

J Speech Lang Hear Res 2019 Apr;62(4):965-978

Department of Linguistics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge.

Purpose The effects of animation on identification of graphic symbols for verbs were studied using the Autism Language Program Graphic Symbols Set in children diagnosed with mild-to-severe autism spectrum disorder between the ages of 3 and 7 years. Method The participants were randomly assigned to an animated symbol condition or a static symbol condition. Static symbols were spliced from the animated symbols to ensure that the symbols differed only in terms of the absence or presence of movement. Read More

J Speech Lang Hear Res 2019 Apr;62(4):993-1014

Faculty of Education, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.

Purpose We investigated the cognitive and linguistic processes that underlie reading in Arabic in relation to a well-defined theoretical framework of reading and the factors that underlie reading. Method The sample was 201 (101 boys, 100 girls) 3rd-grade Arabic-speaking children. Children were administered measures of Vocabulary, Phonological Awareness (PA), Naming Speed, Orthographic Processing, Morphological Awareness (MA), Memory, Nonverbal Ability, and 5 reading outcomes. Read More

J Speech Lang Hear Res 2019 Apr;62(4):896-908

Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, MGH Institute of Health Professions, Boston, MA.

Purpose The aim of this study was to determine whether parents of children with developmental language disorder (DLD) were aware of their children's language difficulties and whether a brief, classroom-based language screen can reliably identify children at risk for DLD, including those with both good and poor word reading skills. Method First- and second-grade students ( N = 97) completed a language screen and assessments of nonverbal intelligence, word reading, and language designed for linguistically diverse students. Their parents completed a questionnaire. Read More

J Speech Lang Hear Res 2019 Apr;62(4):932-943

Department of Speech Language and Hearing Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC.

Purpose Scholars have long noted that retention improves significantly when learners frequently test themselves on the new material rather than engage in continuous study with no intermittent testing. In this study, we apply the notion of repeated testing or retrieval to the process of word learning in preschool-age children with and without developmental language disorder (DLD). Method Novel words and their meanings were taught to 10 children with DLD and 10 typically developing (TD) children matched on age (DLD, M = 63. Read More

J Speech Lang Hear Res 2019 Apr;62(4):884-895

Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders, University of Nebraska-Lincoln.

Purpose Preschoolers born preterm are at an increased risk for the development of language impairments. The primary objective of this study was to document the expressive language skills of preschoolers born preterm through 2 assessment procedures, language sample analysis, and standardized assessment. A secondary objective was to investigate the role of nonlinguistic factors in standardized assessment scores. Read More

J Speech Lang Hear Res 2019 Apr 15:1-5. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

School of Education, University of Delaware, Newark.

Purpose The aim of this study was to estimate the frequency and severity of common errors and inefficiencies of language and cognition in the general population. Method Item-response theory parameters were analyzed from the Neuro-QOL Cognitive Function Item Bank v2.0, which references a large normative sample that mirrors the demographics of the U. Read More

J Nerv Ment Dis 2019 May;207(5):410-416

ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and Its Disorders, Department of Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Different dimensions of formal thought disorder (FTD) are distinguished by different patterns of cognitive dysfunction and cortical variability in patients with schizophrenia; however, inconsistent findings may relate to patient-related confounds. Investigating FTD in nonpatient samples with elevated levels of schizotypal traits avoids these confounds, but its utility to FTD research is unknown. Thus, we performed principal components analysis (PCA) of FTD ratings using the Scale for the Assessment of Thought, Language, and Communication (TLC) and the Thought and Language Index (TLI) in a general-community sample with elevated schizotypal traits. Read More

J Nerv Ment Dis 2019 Apr 9. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and Its Disorders, Department of Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Different dimensions of formal thought disorder (FTD) are distinguished by different patterns of cognitive dysfunction and cortical variability in patients with schizophrenia; however, inconsistent findings may relate to patient-related confounds. Investigating FTD in nonpatient samples with elevated levels of schizotypal traits avoids these confounds, but its utility to FTD research is unknown. Thus, we performed principal components analysis (PCA) of FTD ratings using the Scale for the Assessment of Thought, Language, and Communication (TLC) and the Thought and Language Index (TLI) in a general-community sample with elevated schizotypal traits. Read More

J Med Internet Res 2019 Apr 15;21(4):e11756. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.

Background: Delivery of behavioral health interventions on the internet offers many benefits, including accessibility, cost-effectiveness, convenience, and anonymity. In recent years, an increased number of internet interventions have been developed, targeting a range of conditions and behaviors, including depression, pain, anxiety, sleep disturbance, and eating disorders. Human support (coaching) is a common component of internet interventions that is intended to boost engagement; however, little is known about how participants interact with coaches and how this may relate to their experience with the intervention. Read More

Front Immunol 2019 29;10:628. Epub 2019 Mar 29.

Human Anatomy, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.

The wealth of recent evidence about a bi-directional communication between nerve- and immune- cells revolutionized the traditional concept about the brain as an "immune-privileged" organ while opening novel avenues in the pathophysiology of CNS disorders. In fact, altered communication between the immune and nervous system is emerging as a common hallmark in neuro-developmental, neurodegenerative, and neuro-immunological diseases. At molecular level, the ubiquitin proteasome machinery operates as a sentinel at the crossroad between the immune system and brain. Read More

Biling (Camb Engl) 2019 Mar 7;22(2):300-330. Epub 2018 May 7.

Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts.

The present study examines the influence of language proficiency and language combination on bilingual lexical access using category fluency in 109 healthy speakers. Participants completed a category fluency task in each of their languages in three main categories (, , ), each with two subcategories, as well as a language use questionnaire assessing their proficiency. Five language combinations were examined (Hindi-English, Kannada-English, Mandarin-English, Spanish-English, and Turkish-English). Read More

Aging Ment Health 2019 Apr 14:1-8. Epub 2019 Apr 14.

a Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University , Chongqing , China.

Objectives: In the present study, we explored the age differences of mood states and memory performance between younger and older adults after one night of sleep disruption.

Method: Twenty-nine younger adults and 30 older adults completed mood states assessments and memory tasks before and after sleep disruption. Participants' sleep was disrupted by periodical phone calls once per hour. Read More

Brain Connect 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

University of Maryland School of Medicine, Diagnostic Radiology & Nuclear Medicine , 22 S Greene St , Baltimore, United States , 21043 ;

Mild traumatic brain Injury (mTBI) is one of the most common neurological disorders for which a subset of patients develops persistent post concussive symptoms. Previous studies discovered abnormalities and disruptions in the brain functional networks of mTBI patients principally using static functional connectivity measures which assume that neural communication across the brain is static during resting state conditions. In this study, we examine the differences in dynamic neural communication between mTBI and control participants through the application of a combination of dynamic functional analysis and graph theoretic algorithms. Read More

J Cell Mol Med 2019 Apr 13. Epub 2019 Apr 13.

College of Medicine, Touro University Nevada, Henderson, Nevada.

The intercellular communication mediated by extracellular vesicles (EVs) has gained international interest during the last decade. Interfering with the mechanisms regulating this cellular process might find application particularly in oncology where cancer cell-derived EVs play a role in tumour microenvironment transformation. Although several mechanisms were ascribed to explain the internalization of EVs, little is our knowledge about the fate of their cargos, which are crucial to mediate their function. Read More

Neuropsychologia 2019 Apr 11. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, MGH Institute of Health Professions, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address:

The study examined the effect of feedback timing on the FRN and N170 ERP components in the context of feedback-based learning, by manipulating feedback timing and presenting auditory feedback. Previous studies reported that the FRN was modulated by feedback timing when feedback was visual. Additionally, the N170 ERP component was recently found to be sensitive to the timing of visual feedback (Arbel et al. Read More

Hear Res 2019 Mar 29;377:189-195. Epub 2019 Mar 29.

School of Communication Sciences & Disorders, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA; Institute for Intelligent Systems, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA; University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Memphis, TN, USA. Electronic address:

Previous studies have reported better speech-in-noise (SIN) recognition in musicians relative to nonmusicians while others have failed to observe this "musician SIN advantage." Here, we aimed to clarify equivocal findings and determine the most relevant perceptual and cognitive factors that do and do not account for musicians' benefits in SIN processing. We measured behavioral performance in musicians and nonmusicians on a battery of SIN recognition, auditory backward masking (a marker of attention), fluid intelligence (IQ), and working memory tasks. Read More

Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2019 Apr 9. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

Department of Psychology I, University of Würzburg, Germany.

Background: People who survive severe brain damage may eventually develop a prolonged consciousness disorder. Others can regain full consciousness but remain unable to speak or move because of the severity of the lesions, as for those with locked-in syndrome (LIS). Brain-computer interface techniques can be useful to disentangle these states by detecting neurophysiologic correlates of conscious processing of information to enable communication with these individuals after the diagnosis. Read More

J Theor Biol 2019 Apr 9. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Canterbury, New Zealand.

Neuronal activity evokes a localised increase in cerebral blood flow through neurovascular coupling (NVC), a communication system between a group of cells known as a neurovascular unit (NVU). Dysfunctional NVC can lead to pathologies such as cortical spreading depression (CSD), characterised by a slowly propagating wave of neuronal depolarisation and high extracellular potassium (K) levels. CSD is associated with several neurological disorders such as migraine, stroke, and traumatic brain injury. Read More

Clin Chim Acta 2019 Apr 9;495:139-147. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Av. de los Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address:

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways with a complex pathophysiology, making the development of diagnostic and therapeutic tools a challenge. Exosomes are extracellular membranous nanovesicles implicated in intercellular communication. Exosome composition and cargo are highly heterogeneous depending on their cellular origin and physiological state. Read More

Disabil Rehabil 2019 Apr 12:1-10. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

l University of Cincinnati , College of Medicine , Cincinnati , OH , USA.

Purpose: To examine the long-term consequences of early childhood traumatic brain injury (TBI), approximately 6.8 years post-injury, on cognitive communication competency within a complex interplay of individual, contextual, and psychosocial factors. Additionally, we were interested in looking at the association of communication competence with social competence and overall functioning. Read More

Acta Paediatr 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Department of Pediatrics C, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.

Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) is the leading cause of congenital infections, affecting approximately 0.7% of live births worldwide. Although, 85%-90% of infected children are asymptomatic at birth, 10%-15% will develop late onset hearing impairment (1). Read More

Sci Rep 2019 Apr 11;9(1):5927. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Bio-information College, ChongQing University of Posts and Telecommunications, ChongQing, 400065, China.

There is growing evidence that the amygdala serves as the base for dealing with complex human social communication and emotion. Although amygdalar networks plays a central role in these functions, causality connectivity during the human lifespan between amygdalar subregions and their corresponding perception network (PerN), affiliation network (AffN) and aversion network (AveN) remain largely unclear. Granger causal analysis (GCA), an approach to assess directed functional interactions from time series data, was utilized to investigated effective connectivity between amygdalar subregions and their related networks as a function of age to reveal the maturation and degradation of neural circuits during development and ageing in the present study. Read More

Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2019 Apr 11:1049909119839983. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

4 Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.

Background: Pediatric palliative care (PPC) education is lacking in pediatric critical care medicine (PCCM) fellowships, despite the desire of many program directors and fellows to expand difficult conversation training. Simulation-based training is an experiential method for practicing challenging communication skills such as breaking bad news, disclosing medical errors, navigating goals of care, and supporting medical decision-making.

Methods: We describe a simulation-based PPC communication series for PCCM fellows, including presimulation session, simulation session, debriefing, and evaluation methods. Read More

J Autism Dev Disord 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet & Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.

Alterations in social cognition (SC) are hypothesized to underlie social communication and interaction challenges in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The aetiological underpinnings driving this association remain unclear. We examined SC in 196 twins with ASD, other neurodevelopmental disorders or typical development using the naturalistic Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition. Read More

Neurotherapeutics 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 304 Barkley Memorial Center, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA.

Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) have shown potential as therapeutic molecules for the treatment of inner ear dysfunction. The peripheral sensory organs responsible for both hearing and equilibrium are housed within the inner ear. Hearing loss and vestibular balance problems affect a large portion of the population and limited treatment options exist. Read More

Nat Hum Behav 2019 Apr;3(4):327-328

Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Moody College of Communication, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.

Sci Rep 2019 Apr 10;9(1):5863. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Department of Computer Science, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA.

Identification of functional pathways mediating molecular responses may lead to better understanding of disease processes and suggest new therapeutic approaches. We introduce a method to detect such mediating functions using topological properties of protein-protein interaction networks. We define the concept of pathway centrality, a measure of communication between disease genes and differentially expressed genes. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019 Apr 9;16(7). Epub 2019 Apr 9.

Katowice Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Katowice 40-326, Poland.

The main research objective was seeking for the predictive role of such personal resources as resilience, sense of coherence, and coping with stress in psychological well-being of schizophrenia patients and their treatment. The study group comprised 201 individuals with schizophrenia, aged between 18 and 62. The following instruments were used: The sense of coherence scale SOC-29, The resilience scale for adults, polish adaptation of the stress appraisal measure, semistructured clinical interview, the positive and negative syndrome scale, the mood scale, and the general health questionnaire. Read More

J Am Acad Audiol 2019 Mar 7. Epub 2019 Mar 7.

Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, College of Allied Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK.

Background: The interaction of audition and cognition has been of interest to researchers and clinicians, especially as the prevalence of hearing loss and cognitive decline increases with advancing age. Cognitive screening tests are commonly used to assess cognitive status in individuals reporting changes in memory or function or to monitor cognitive status over time. These assessments are administered verbally, so performance may be adversely affected by hearing loss. Read More

Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch 2019 Apr 10:1-25. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Pearson Education, San Antonio, TX.

Purpose The speech-language pathologist's (SLP's) role for the specific language impairment (SLI) population is to provide specialized intervention targeting underlying deficits. However, children with SLI are often underrepresented on caseloads despite a high prevalence of the disorder and known long-term impacts. This study explored how SLPs use research to inform clinical decision making for SLI under neutral workplace circumstances. Read More

J Speech Lang Hear Res 2019 Apr;62(4):979-992

Department of Community, Systems and Mental Health Nursing, Rush University, Chicago, IL.

Purpose Attention and language are hypothesized to interact in bilingual children and in children with developmental language disorder (DLD). In children who are bilingual, attentional control may be enhanced by repeated experience regulating 2 languages. In children with DLD, subtle weaknesses in sustained attention may relate to impaired language processing. Read More

J Speech Lang Hear Res 2019 Apr;62(4):783-801

NYU Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development, New York, NY.

Purpose Research in communication sciences and disorders frequently involves the collection of clusters of observations, such as a series of scores for each individual receiving treatment over the course of an intervention study. However, little discipline-specific guidance is currently available on the subject of building and interpreting multilevel models. This article offers a tutorial on multilevel models, using notation from the R statistical software, and discusses their implications for research in communication sciences and disorders. Read More

Methods Mol Biol 2019 ;1947:3-19

Department of Chemistry, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.

Class B G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) comprise a family of 15 peptide-binding members, which are crucial targets for endocrine, metabolic, and stress-related disorders. While their protein structures and dynamics remain largely unclear, computer modeling and simulations represent a promising means to help solve such puzzles. Herein, we present a basic introduction to the methodology of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and two analytical methods to assess the conformational ensembles and transitions of Class B GPCRs, using our recent studies of the human pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PAC) receptor as an example. Read More

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2019 Apr 9. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa,, Japan.

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have trouble with non-verbal communication, which is strongly associated with poor social function. There are few evidence-based interventions for children with ASD, so tutors find it difficult to teach non-verbal communication skills. This article is protected by copyright. Read More

Transl Psychiatry 2019 Apr 9;9(1):130. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

The Cognitive Neurophysiology Laboratory, Ernest J. Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.

Rett syndrome (RTT), a rare neurodevelopmental disorder caused by mutations in the MECP2 gene, is typified by profound cognitive impairment and severe language impairment, rendering it very difficult to accurately measure auditory processing capabilities behaviorally in this population. Here we leverage the mismatch negativity (MMN) component of the event-related potential to measure the ability of RTT patients to decode and store occasional duration deviations in a stream of auditory stimuli. Sensory memory for duration, crucial for speech comprehension, has not been studied in RTT. Read More

J Speech Lang Hear Res 2019 Apr;62(4):868-882

Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL.

Purpose The coordination of respiration with swallowing is critical for facilitation of airway protection and the efficiency of movements that propel ingested material through the upper aerodigestive tract. Confirmation of a predominant pattern in healthy adults provides a platform for comparison to aberrant patterns observed in the population with swallowing impairment (dysphagia). Method A comprehensive search of published research in MEDLINE via PubMed 1946-2018, Embase 1947-2018, and Proquest Dissertations & Theses Global 1861-2018 was completed. Read More

Laryngoscope 2019 Apr 8. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts.

Objectives/hypothesis: Histopathological analysis of hair cell survival in human temporal bone sections has historically been binarized such that each hair cell row is rated as either present or absent, thereby greatly underestimating the amount of hair cell loss. Here, we describe and validate a technique to reliably assess fractional hair cell survival in archival sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) using high-resolution light microscopy and optical sectioning.

Study Design: Technique validation. Read More

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2019 Apr 5. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Department of Health Sciences and Research, College of Health Professions, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.

Objective: To assess ischemic stroke patients regarding the relationship between lesion locations, swallowing impairment, medical and demographic factors and (1) oral intake improvement and (2) feeding tube dependency at discharge from their acute hospital stay.

Methods: We conducted an exploratory, retrospective observational longitudinal cohort study of acute, first-ever, ischemic stroke patients. Patients who had an initial nonoral feeding recommendation from a speech and language pathologist and who underwent a modified barium swallow study within their hospital stay were included. Read More

Encephale 2019 Apr 5. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Clinique Pôle Santé Sud, 72000 Le Mans, France; Section psychiatrie légale de l'AFPBN, 75014 Paris, France.

Introduction: The injunction to care (IC) is a new compulsory treatment created by the Act of June 17, 1998. Initially, this judicial tool concerned mainly sex offenders, but then the number of overall crimes requiring an IC began to dramatically rise. The judge can order this measure only if a psychiatric expertise has concluded to its potential opportunity. Read More

J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2019 Apr 8:891988719841727. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

2 Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.

Objectives: Theory of Mind (ToM), the ability to understand other people's mental states, is essential in everyday social interactions. The relationship between cognitive domains and ToM impairment in Parkinson disease (PD) has been receiving growing attention with ambiguous findings. The objective of the current study was to ascertain which cognitive domain predicts understanding of intentions and the impact of PD-specific clinical measures on ToM performance. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2019 Apr 2;122:47-51. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Speech Therapy Department, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.

Introduction: When identifying the auditory performance of children with phonological disorders, researchers assume that this population has normal peripheral hearing. However, responses at more central levels might be atypical.

Objective: To investigate the effect of phonological disorders on Frequency-Following Responses (FFRs) in the time domain. Read More

Am J Speech Lang Pathol 2019 Apr 8:1-11. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Carolina, Columbia.

Background and Purpose The severity of aphasic impairment in chronic stroke survivors is typically thought to be stable by 6 months postonset. However, a recent study showed that stroke survivors with aphasia experience language improvement or decline in the chronic phase, years beyond onset. Little is known about why some individuals improve whereas others remain stable or decline. Read More