Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

FEBS J 2019 Apr 19. Epub 2019 Apr 19.

Department of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.

Low molecular weight hyaluronan (LMW-HA) is believed to accumulate in tumors and to exert pro-tumor effects. This study aimed to identify colorectal cancer (CRC)-associated LMW-HA, precisely determine its molecular weight and elucidate its role in predicting tumor progression. The molecular weight distribution of hyaluronan extracted from CRC and paired non-cancerous tissues was evaluated. Read More

Clin Cancer Res 2019 Apr 19. Epub 2019 Apr 19.

Molecular Biology, Genentech Inc.

Purpose: Four consensus molecular subtypes (CMS1-4) of colorectal cancer (CRC) were identified in primary tumors and found to be associated with distinctive biological features and clinical outcomes. Given that distant metastasis largely accounts for CRC-related mortality, we examined the molecular and clinical attributes of CMS in metastatic CRC (mCRC).

Experimental Design: We developed a CRC-focused Nanostring based CMS classifier that is ideally suited to interrogate archival tissues. Read More

Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Department of Immunology, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medical of State Administration of TCM, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China. Electronic address:

Background: Disulfiram (DSF), a drug widely used to control alcoholism, which has anticancer activity by inducing apoptosis in a copper (Cu)-dependent manner. Numerous evidences from mouse experiments indicated that some anti-cancer agents of chemotherapeutic drugs favor the induction of immunogenic cancer cell death (ICD) leading to tumor-specific immune responses. However, whether DSF could induce the colorectal tumor cells death and the mechanism involved in ICD regulatory remains elusive. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2019 Apr 18;20(8). Epub 2019 Apr 18.

School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Natural products, explicitly medicinal plants, are an important source of inspiration of antitumor drugs, because they contain astounding amounts of small molecules that possess diversifying chemical entities. For instance, (formerly ), a genus of the Lamiaceae (formerly Labiatae) family, has been reported as a rich source of natural diterpenes. In the current study, we evaluated the in vitro anti-proliferative property of flexicaulin A (FA), an diterpenoid with an -kaurane structure, in human carcinoma cells, by means of cell viability assay, flow cytometric assessment, quantitative polymerase chain reaction array, Western blotting analysis, and staining experiments. Read More

Int J Pharm 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1, Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan. Electronic address:

Liposomal anticancer drugs have been developed with improved clinical effects and reduced side effects. We have developed a PEGylated liposomal formulation of oxaliplatin that has anticancer effects in animal models of colorectal cancer with a favorable toxicity profile. To move this formulation into clinical development, a formulation that is stable during long term storage is needed, which has similar pharmacokinetics and therapeutic activity against solid tumors to the original formulation. Read More

PLoS One 2019 19;14(4):e0215513. Epub 2019 Apr 19.

Department of Surgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Background: Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a clonal change in the number of repeated DNA nucleotide units in microsatellites. High-frequency MSI (MSI-H) colorectal cancers (CRCs) are known to have different clinicopathological features compared with microsatellite stable (MSS) CRCs. In addition, previous studies have shown that type2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor for malignant tumors including CRCs. Read More

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2019 Apr;23(7):3080-3087

Department of Gastroenterology, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong, China.

Objective: The phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) acts as a tumor suppressor gene by inhibiting the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway. DJ-1, a negative regulator of PTEN, is associated with the pathogenesis of a variety of tumors. Curcumin (Cur) is a phenolic compound that is extracted from various plant rhizomes with various anti-tumor pharmacological effects. Read More

Cancer Res Treat 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea.

Purpose: Malnutrition and a loss of muscle mass are frequent in cancer patients and have a negative effect on clinical outcome. Nutrition risk screening aims to increase awareness and allow early recognition and treatment of cancer cachexia. Therefore, screenings should be brief, inexpensive, highly sensitive, and have good specificity. Read More

Oncology 2019 Apr 18. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark.

Background: In case of response to chemotherapy, unresectable liver metastases from colorectal cancer can be converted to resectable and thereby obtain a chance of cure. The primary aim of this trial was to evaluate the response rate with intrahepatic oxaliplatin in combination with systemic 5-FU +/- cetuximab. Secondary aims were to evaluate the conversion rate from unresectable to resectable liver metastases, median progression-free survival, median overall survival, and toxicity. Read More

PLoS One 2019 18;14(4):e0215453. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich-Campus Großhadern, Munich, Germany.

Background And Objective: The revised World Health Organization classification of 2016 for myeloid neoplasms and acute leukemia added a section of myeloid neoplasms with germline predisposition. The main objective of our study was to evaluate the frequency of hematologic and solid malignancies in the family history of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) by using a systemic pedigree interview. The family history was taken of 50 patients between 24 and 80 years. Read More

Asian J Endosc Surg 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Department of Surgery, The University Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.

Introduction: Laparoscopic colorectal resection is becoming the gold standard for treating colorectal cancers because it offers superior short-term and comparable long-time outcomes compared to open surgery. Intraoperative colonoscopy (IOC) is increasingly performed for tumor localization and mucosal assessment. The aim of this report was to review the safety and efficacy of IOC in laparoscopic colorectal surgery. Read More

J Cancer Prev 2019 Mar 30;24(1):48-53. Epub 2019 Mar 30.

Cancer Prevention Center, Yonsei Cancer Center, Seoul, Korea.

Background: The National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) and NELSON trial showed that low-dose chest computed tomography (LDCT) screening significantly reduced the mortality form lung cancer. Although cancer survivors are known to have high risk for second malignant neoplasm (SMN), the usefulness of LDCT screening for lung cancer in cancer survivors is not clear.

Methods: Between August 2016 and August 2017, 633 long-term colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors visited the survivorship clinic in Cancer Prevention Center, Yonsei Cancer Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Read More

Fam Cancer 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Department of Internal Medicine and Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, P. O. Box 208019, 333 Cedar Street/LMP 1080, New Haven, CT, 06520-8019, USA.

Many colorectal cancers (CRCs) that exhibit microsatellite instability (MSI) are not explained by MLH1 promoter methylation or germline mutations in mismatch repair (MMR) genes, which cause Lynch syndrome (LS). Instead, these Lynch-like syndrome (LLS) patients have somatic mutations in MMR genes. However, many of these patients are young and have relatives with cancer, suggesting a hereditary entity. Read More

Clin Cancer Res 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Medical Oncology, Georgetown University

Background: NRG1 gene fusions are rare but potentially actionable oncogenic drivers present in some solid tumors. Details regarding the incidence of these gene rearrangements are lacking. Here, we assessed the incidence of NRG1 fusions across multiple tumor types and described fusion partners. Read More

Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2019 Mar 26. Epub 2019 Mar 26.

Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Electronic address:

Background: Central hepatectomy (CH) is more difficult than extended hepatectomy (EH) and is associated with greater morbidity. In this modern era of liver management with aims to prevent post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF), there is a need to assess outcomes of CH as a parenchyma-sparing procedure for centrally located liver tumors.

Methods: A total of 178 major liver resections performed by specialist surgeons from two Australian tertiary institutions between June 2009 and March 2017 were reviewed. Read More

J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2019 Apr 15;38(1):161. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China.

Background: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified to play an important role in the development and progression of various tumors, including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the regulatory molecular mechanism by lncRNA in CRC initiation and progression has not been fully clarified.

Methods: TCGA database was used to identify the involvement of LINC01354 in CRC. Read More

Mol Pharm 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFRβ) is overexpressed in a variety of malignant cancers and plays critical role in tumor angiogenesis, and has been proven as a valuable target for cancer treatment. In this pilot study, a dimeric affibody molecule ZPDGFRβ, was prepared and radiolabeled with positron emission radionuclide zirconium-89 for PET imaging of colorectal tumors by targeting PDGFRβ expression in vivo. The PDGFRβ-binding capability of dimeric affibody was evaluated by flow cytometry, immunofluorescent staining and whole-body optical imaging. Read More

Anal Chem 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

A newly developed microscale protocol for profiling serum O-glycans has been validated here with multiple serum samples obtained from different cohorts of colorectal cancer patients. The simultaneous cleavage and permethylation steps in this procedure preserve the integrity of released minor O-glycans, so that 39 O-linked oligosaccharides could be reliably recorded in a profile. This is far more detected components than shown in any previous studies. Read More

J Immunother Cancer 2019 Apr 15;7(1):101. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Translational Oncogenomics Laboratory, Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JB, UK.

Background: The T cell bispecific antibody cibisatamab (CEA-TCB) binds Carcino-Embryonic Antigen (CEA) on cancer cells and CD3 on T cells, which triggers T cell killing of cancer cell lines expressing moderate to high levels of CEA at the cell surface. Patient derived colorectal cancer organoids (PDOs) may more accurately represent patient tumors than established cell lines which potentially enables more detailed insights into mechanisms of cibisatamab resistance and sensitivity.

Methods: We established PDOs from multidrug-resistant metastatic CRCs. Read More

Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019 Apr;53(4):398-404

National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medial Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.

To systematically review the quality and reporting quality of colorectal cancer screening guidelines, and to provide reference for the update of colorectal cancer screening guidelines and colorectal cancer screening in China. "Colorectal cancer", "colorectal tumor", "screening", "screening", "guide", "consensus", "Colorectal cancer", "Colorectal neoplasms", "Screening", "Early Detection of Cancer", "Guideline" and "recommendation" were used as search keywords. The literature retrieval for all the Chinese and English guidelines published before April 2018 was conducted by using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, China Biology Medicine disc (CBMdisc), Cochrane Library, Guideline International Network, China Guidelines Clearinghouse (CGC) and the official website of the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), the American Cancer Society (ACS), International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Australia Cancer Council (ACC) and Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain & Ireland (ACPGBI). Read More

Digestion 2019 Apr 12:1-8. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.

Background: The Japan narrow-band imaging Expert Team (JNET) classification of colorectal polyps based on magnifying endoscopy is used in Japan, but not worldwide. The objective of this study was to clarify differences of diagnostic accuracy between JNET users in Japan and non-JNET users in other countries.

Methods: A total of 185 colorectal tumors were assessed. Read More

Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. Electronic address:

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant neoplasms with high mortality worldwide. Oridonin, a diterpenoid isolated from the Chinese medicinal herb Rabdosia rubescens, has been proved to have anticancer effect on various types of cancer cells. However, the detailed mechanisms of oridonin in CRC cells remain unclear and if oridonin can overcome 5-FU resistance have not been investigated yet. Read More

Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2019 Apr 13. Epub 2019 Apr 13.

Department of Medical Biotechnology Research Center, School of Medicine, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 91779-48564, Mashhad, Iran.

Background: Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is involved in tumor progression, invasion, migration and metastasis. EMT is a process by which polarized epithelial cells acquire motile mesothelial phenotypic features. This process is initiated by disassembly of cell-cell contacts through the loss of epithelial markers and replacement of these markers by mesenchymal markers. Read More

Virchows Arch 2019 Apr 13. Epub 2019 Apr 13.

Department of Pathology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan.

The anticancer effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors against CTLA4 and CD274-PDCD1 axes are evident. However, these immunotherapies for colorectal cancers (CRCs) are now limited to a small subset of patients with microsatellite unstable tumors. Thus, therapeutics targeting other types of CRCs is desired. Read More

Phytomedicine 2019 Apr 2:152912. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Medical University Vienna, Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria. Electronic address:

Background: Metaxya rostrata C.Presl (Metaxyaceae) is a tree fern widespread in Central and South America and the dried rhizome is used in ethnic medicine against intestinal ulcers or tumors. An activity-guided isolation resulted in two structurally related xanthones: 2-deprenyl-rheediaxanthone B (XB) and 2-deprenyl-7-hydroxy-rheediaxanthone B (OH-XB). Read More

HPB (Oxford) 2019 Apr 9. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA. Electronic address:

Background: A major response to pre-hepatectomy chemotherapy has been associated with improved survival in patients who undergo resection of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). However, the role of tumor biology, as exemplified by overall and codon-specific KRAS mutational status, in predicting response to chemotherapy is not well defined.

Methods: Pathologic response was characterized as minor or major depending on the percentage of remnant viable cells (>50% vs <50%, respectively). Read More

J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2019 Apr 12;38(1):159. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, 200001, China.

Background: Tripartite motif 47 (TRIM47), a member of the TRIM family proteins, plays a key role in many types of cancers including colorectal cancer (CRC). We found that levels of TRIM47 mRNA and protein were increased significantly in colorectal tumors compared with nontumor tissues and the increased levels were associated with advanced tumor stage and poor outcome.

Methods: We used quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot to measure levels of TRIM47 mRNA and protein in human colorectal cancer and paired normal tissues. Read More

Cancer Lett 2019 Apr 9. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, And Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China. Electronic address:

Lysine-specific demethylase1 (LSD1) plays a crucial role in cancer and has become a promising target for cancer therapy. However, the mechanism underlying the role of LSD1 in oncogenesis is poorly understood, and more effective LSD1 inhibitors are needed. Here we report the biological activity of a novel LSD1 inhibitor named ZY0511. Read More

GE Port J Gastroenterol 2019 Mar 8;26(2):125-127. Epub 2018 Jun 8.

aGastroenterology Department, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal.

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease present a higher risk of colorectal cancer, especially patients with a high degree of disease activity. Although rare, carcinoid tumors can also be associated with inflammatory bowel disease. Mixed adenoneuroendocrine tumor is defined as a neoplasm with dual differentiation (neuroendocrine and adenoma) with each component accounting for at least 30% of the tumor. Read More

Gastrointest Tumors 2019 Feb 24;5(3-4):117-124. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.

Background/aim: The optimal treatment strategy for elderly patients with stage IV colorectal cancer (CRC) remains controversial due to limited research data. The purpose of this study was to evaluate treatment results and to clarify the prognostic factors, especially poor prognosis factors, in elderly patients with stage IV CRC.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 82 elderly patients (aged ≥75 years) with stage IV CRC who underwent surgical treatment at our hospital between April 2001 and March 2017. Read More

Gastrointest Tumors 2019 Feb 22;5(3-4):82-89. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

Department of Gastroenterology AMNCH, Dublin, Ireland.

Background And Study Aim: The European guidelines for colorectal cancer screening state that snare resection should remove any polyps ≥5 mm. This study aimed to investigate if these new guidelines are adhered to in clinical practice.

Patients And Methods: This study consists of patients who underwent colonoscopies in Tallaght Hospital, Dublin (AMNCH), between 2012 and 2015. Read More

Gastrointest Tumors 2019 Feb 5;5(3-4):77-81. Epub 2018 Nov 5.

Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, SUS Malmö, Malmö, Sweden.

Purpose: Hartmann's procedure is a well-established alternative in colorectal surgery when a primary anastomosis is contraindicated. However, the rectal remnant may cause complications. This study was designed to investigate the occurrence of pelvic sepsis after Hartmann's procedure and identify possible risk factors. Read More

Nat Commun 2019 04 11;10(1):1670. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, 518035, Shenzhen, PR China.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) ranks fourth among cancer-related deaths in China due to the lack of actionable molecules. We performed whole-exome and T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire sequencing on multi-regional tumors, normal tissues and blood samples from 39 ESCC patients. The data revealed 12. Read More

Gene 2019 Apr 8. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, 116 Zuodaoquan South Road, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Colorectal Cancer Clinical Research Center of Wuhan, 116 Zuodaoquan South Road, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Colorectal Cancer Clinical Research Center of Hubei Province, 116 Zuodaoquan South Road, Wuhan, Hubei, China. Electronic address:

Lynch syndrome (LS) is a common cancer syndrome that is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. Its pathogenesis is thought to be closely related to germline mutations of mismatch repair (MMR) genes such as the MLH1, MSH2, PMS2 and MSH6 genes. This study identifies a Chinese family with LS clinically diagnosed according to the Amsterdam II criteria. Read More

Cancer Sci 2019 Apr 11. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Department of Gastroenterology and Oncology, University of Tokushima, Faculty of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan.

To overcome the problem of overlooking colorectal tumors, a new and highly sensitive modality of colonoscopy is needed. Moreover, it is also important to establish a new modality to evaluate the viable tumor volume in primary lesions of colorectal cancer (CRC) during chemotherapy. Therefore, we performed molecular imaging of colorectal tumors targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which is highly expressed on tumor cells, for evaluating chemotherapeutic efficacy and for endoscopic detection of colorectal adenomas. Read More

Int J Cancer 2019 Apr 11. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.

5-year overall survival of stage III colorectal cancer (CRC) patients treated with standard adjuvant chemotherapy (ACHT) is highly variable. Genomic biomarkers and/or transcriptomic profiles identified lack of adequate validation. Aim of this study was to identify and validate molecular biomarkers predictive of ACHT response in stage III CRC patients by a transcriptomic approach. Read More

JAMA Oncol 2019 Apr 11. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Importance: Chemoradiotherapy (CRT), followed by surgery, is the recommended approach for stage II and III rectal cancer. While CRT decreases the risk of local recurrence, it does not improve survival and leads to poorer functional outcomes than surgery alone. Therefore, new approaches to better select patients for CRT are important. Read More

Tumour Biol 2019 Apr;42(4):1010428319843042

1 Department of Surgery, São Paulo State Civil Servant Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil.

Inflammation is an important etiological factor of colorectal carcinoma and may be related to colorectal carcinoma growth and proliferation. This study aimed to verify whether the presence of chronic inflammation represented by tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-2, interleukin-6, and interleukin-10 gene expression is related to hMLH1, hMSH2, hMSH6, and PMS2 gene expression and the corresponding protein levels of these genes from the DNA repair system. A total of 83 patients were operated on for curative or palliative colorectal carcinoma. Read More

EJNMMI Res 2019 Apr 11;9(1):33. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.

Background: The goal of targeted radiotherapy (TRT) is to administer radionuclides to tumor cells, while limiting radiation exposure to normal tissues. 3'-Deoxy-3'-[F]-fluorothymidine (F-FLT) is able to target tumor cells and emits a positron with energy appropriate for local (~ 1 mm range) radiotherapy. In the present work, we investigated the potential of TRT with a local administration of F-FLT alone or in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5FU), which acts as a chemotherapeutic agent and radiosensitizer. Read More

Gut Liver 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea.

Background/aims: : Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide with poor prognosis due to a lack of effective treatment modalities. Recent research showed that a long noncoding RNA named N-BLR modulates the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in colorectal cancer. However, the biological role of N-BLR in gastric cancer still remains to be explored. Read More

J Biol Chem 2019 Apr 9. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

University of Maryland School of Medicine, United States.

The farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily of bile acid-activated transcription factors and an important regulator of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and Wnt signaling. Down-regulated expression of FXR plays an important role in some malignancies such as colon cancer, and in rodent models of intestinal neoplasia, FXR knockout increases the size and number of colon tumors. These previous observations implicate FXR as a tumor suppressor, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. Read More

Clin Cancer Res 2019 Apr 9. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

Department of Medicine, University of Padua.

Purpose BRAF mutations are grouped in activating RAS-independent signaling as monomers (class 1 - V600E) or as dimers (class 2 - codons 597/601), and RAS-dependent with impaired kinase activity (class 3 - codons 594/596). While clinical, pathological and molecular features of V600E BRAF mutated metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) are well known, limited data are available from the two other classes. Experimental Design Data from 117 BRAF (92 class 1, 12 class 2, and 13 class 3) mutated mCRC patients were collected. Read More

BMC Med Genet 2019 Apr 9;20(Suppl 1):52. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.

Background: CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) is found in 15-20% of malignant colorectal tumors and is characterized by strong CpG hypermethylation over the genome. The molecular mechanisms of this phenomenon are not still fully understood. The development of CIMP is followed by global gene expression alterations and metabolic changes. Read More

Int J Biol Markers 2019 Apr 9:1724600819837210. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

1 Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.

Background: The prognostic value of Stathmin 1 (STMN1) in malignant solid tumors remains controversial. Thus, we conducted this meta-analysis to summarize the potential value of STMN1 as a biomarker for predicting overall survival in patients with solid tumor.

Methods: We systematically searched eligible studies in PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE from the establishment date of these databases to September 2018. Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2019 Apr 8;11(4). Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Translational Research Center for Protein Function Control, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.

Treatment of advanced gastric cancer patients with current standard chemotherapeutic agents frequently results in resistance, leading to poor overall survival. However, there has been no success in developing strategies to overcome it. We showed the expression levels of both β-catenin and were significantly increased and correlated in tissues of 756 gastric cancer (GC) patients and tissues of primary- and acquired-resistance patient-derived xenograft tumors treated with 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin modulated with leucovorin (FOLFOX). Read More

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2019 Mar;23(6):2417-2426

Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Objective: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequent malignant tumors worldwide. Colon cancer and rectal cancer are two different malignant types, and it is important to distinguish these two cancers. However, the physiological function of microRNA-3174 (miR-3174) in rectal cancer remains unknown. Read More

Surg Today 2019 Apr 8. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, 1-1, Kanokoden, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8681, Aichi, Japan.

Purpose: This study aimed to clarify the prognosis of patients after resection of stage IV colorectal cancer and synchronous peritoneal metastasis (no residual disease: R0 status) based on histopathologic findings.

Methods: The subjects of this study were 26 patients who underwent radical resection of synchronous peritoneal metastases of stage IV colorectal cancer. Only patients with one synchronous peritoneal metastasis were included in this study. Read More

Eur Radiol 2019 Apr 8. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

St Mark's Academic Institute, St Mark's Hospital, Harrow, UK.

Objectives: To determine if polyp detection at computed tomographic colonography (CTC) is associated with (a) the number of CTC examinations interpreted per day and (b) the length of time spent scrutinising the scan.

Methods: Retrospective observational study from two hospitals. We extracted Radiology Information System data for CTC examinations from Jan 2012 to Dec 2015. Read More

Cancer Manag Res 2019 22;11:2349-2362. Epub 2019 Mar 22.

Department of Proctology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China,

Background: The incidence of colorectal cancer ranks among the top three malignant tumors, attributing to more than 50,000 deaths in the United States every year. Survival rate is directly correlated with TNM stage at diagnosis, and identifying the molecules involved in the cancer development process will provide directions to better investigate the mechanisms of colorectal cancer.

Materials And Methods: Bioinformatics analysis of differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), survival analysis, cell proliferation assay, migration assay, and Western blot analysis were performed. Read More

Mol Cancer Ther 2019 Apr 8. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen

Recognition of immunoactive oligonucleotides by the immune system, such as Toll-like receptor ligand CpG leads to increased antibody and T cell responses. Systemic application often results in unwanted generalized non-antigen specific activation of the immune system. Nanoparticles are ideal carriers for small and large molecules. Read More