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Hepatology 2019 Apr 20. Epub 2019 Apr 20.

Corporal Michael J Crescenz VA Medical Center, Pathology, 3900 Woodland Avenue, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.

Nivolumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor that acts by preventing programmed-death ligand 1 (PD-L1) from binding to the programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) receptor, is utilized to treat a variety of cancers including renal cell carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer, and metastatic melanoma. Currently, nivolumab is FDA-approved as a second-line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after showing efficacy in patients who progressed on or were intolerant to sorafenib. This article is protected by copyright. Read More

J Vasc Interv Radiol 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, 525 East 68th Street, P-518, New York, New York 10065. Electronic address:

This article demonstrates the use of a representative commercially available automated vessel-tracking software originally intended for liver-only application (Vessel Assist Flight Plan for Liver; GE) in 4 patients. Treatment settings included embolization of small bowel hemorrhage source, treatment of renal cell carcinoma, management of symptomatic benign prostate hypertrophy, and detection with subsequent closure of a mesenteric pseudoaneurysm. All patients were treated successfully. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2019 Apr 20;13(1):95. Epub 2019 Apr 20.

Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey.

Background: Papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common endocrine malignancy. Distant metastasis from differentiated thyroid carcinoma is infrequent and the metastasis rate of papillary thyroid carcinoma is lower than that of follicular thyroid carcinoma. Distant metastases from differentiated thyroid carcinoma are usually seen in the lungs and bones; however, renal metastasis is very rare. Read More

Bioorg Chem 2019 Mar 7;87:838-850. Epub 2019 Mar 7.

Sakarya University of Applied Sciences, Pamukova Vocational Highschool, Pamukova, Turkey.

A series of novel bis-coumarin derivatives containing triazole moiety as a linker between the alkyl chains was synthesized and their inhibitory activity against the human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) isoforms I, II, IX and XII were evaluated. In addition, cytotoxic effects of the synthesized compounds on renal adenocarcinoma (769P), hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) and breast adeno carcinoma (MDA-MB-231) cell lines were examined. While the hCA I and II isoforms were inhibited in the micromolar range, the tumor-associated isoform hCA IX and XII were inhibited in the high nanomolar range. Read More

Oncol Rep 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT‑10257 Vilnius, Lithuania.

Metallothioneins are low‑weight cysteine‑rich proteins responsible for metal ion homeostasis in a cell and, thus, capable of regulating cell proliferation and differentiation. Deregulation of metallothionein genes has been reported in various human tumors. However, their role in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has been poorly investigated. Read More

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2019 Apr;23(7):2750-2755

Department of Urology, Dongyang People's Hospital, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China.

Objective: Gene mutation is closely related to the occurrence of tumor. Renal cell carcinoma is a malignant tumor, seriously threatening patients' life quality. Regulatory T cells (Treg) play important roles in the development of several cancers. Read More

Carcinogenesis 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.

Obesity is one of modifiable risk factors for clear cell renal cell cancer (ccRCC). We aim to identify the association between obesity-driven biomarkers and ccRCC risk. This is a retrospective, two-phases, case-control study involving 682 cases and 733 controls. Read More

Case Rep Urol 2019 14;2019:7102504. Epub 2019 Mar 14.

Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.

Renal cell carcinoma, particularly the most common clear cell type, is one of the most aggressive of urological cancers with significant risk of metastatic spread. It also has a propensity for venotropism with a proportion of tumors developing thrombi up to the right atrium. The response with newly adopted targeted therapy has been considered to be in the evolutionary stage with no clear role with respect to debulking or reducing the size of the inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombus. Read More

Cell Death Dis 2019 Apr 18;10(5):339. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, Radiation Oncology and The Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.

Recent studies have demonstrated that the androgen receptor (AR) could play important roles to promote renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cell proliferation, and other studies have also indicated that suppressing the argininosuccinate synthase 1 (ASS1) could promote proliferation of various tumors. The potential of AR promoting cell proliferation in RCC via altering ASS1, however, remains unclear. Here we found that the expression of ASS1 was lower in RCC tissues than in adjacent normal renal tissues, and a lower ASS1 expression was linked to a worse prognosis in RCC patients. Read More

Clin Cancer Res 2019 Apr 18. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

Urology, UT Southwestern Medical Center

Purpose: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is known to be highly radio-resistant but the mechanisms associated with radio-resistance have remained elusive. We found DAB2IP frequently down-regulated in RCC, is associated with radio-resistance. In this study, we investigated the underlying mechanism regulating radio-resistance by DAB2IP and developed appropriate treatment. Read More

Clin Genitourin Cancer 2019 Mar 23. Epub 2019 Mar 23.

Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH. Electronic address:

Background: Systematic pathology reviews in patients who experienced a clinical "recurrence" after partial nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are anecdotal; therefore, definitions of "recurrence" varies considerably. We aimed to better define local recurrence by re-evaluation of surgical specimens of patients who experienced "recurrences" after partial nephrectomy at our institution.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective analysis of our institutional partial nephrectomy data set was performed. Read More

Clin Genitourin Cancer 2019 Mar 27. Epub 2019 Mar 27.

Department of Health Policy and Administration, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA; Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA; Department of Surgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA.

Purpose: To estimate the association between a hospital's risk-adjusted emergency department (ED) visit rate and its risk-adjusted mortality rate and costs among kidney cancer patients undergoing initial nephrectomy.

Patients And Methods: Using 2007-2012 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare data, we used logistic regression to model ED visit occurrence within 30 and 365 days for all kidney cancer patients receiving initial surgery. Our model controlled for demographics, stage, histology, systemic targeted therapy, and comorbidities. Read More

Clin Genitourin Cancer 2019 Mar 27. Epub 2019 Mar 27.

Northampton General Hospital NHS Trust, Cliftonville, Northampton, United Kingdom.

Background: Elderly metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients are under-represented in clinical trials, whose results are therefore difficult to translate into routine management of older patients. We aimed at exploring treatment outcomes and prognostic factors in our real-life elderly mRCC cohort receiving first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) monotherapy.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed demographic and clinicopathological characteristics, and treatment data of elderly (≥ 70 years old at first-line start) mRCC patients starting either pazopanib or sunitinib as first-line treatment in our institution between March 2012 and April 2018. Read More

Cancer Res Treat 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Purpose: Temsirolimus is effective in the treatment for metastatic non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma (nccRCC) with poor prognosis. We aim to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of temsirolimus in treatment of naïve Asian patients with metastatic/recurrent nccRCC.

Materials And Methods: From January 2008 to July 2017, data of treatment-naïve, metastatic/recurrent nccRCC patients, who were treated with temsirolimus according to the standard protocol, were collected. Read More

J Clin Med 2019 Apr 17;8(4). Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, MS 39216, USA.

Background: The incidence and mortality of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) after kidney transplantation (KTx) remain unclear. This study's aims were (1) to investigate the pooled incidence/incidence trends, and (2) to assess the mortality/mortality trends in KTx patients with RCC.

Methods: A literature search was conducted using the MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane databases from inception through October 2018. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2019 Apr 17;20(8). Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Medical Oncology Department, The Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), CIBERONC, Alcalá University, University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the seventh most frequently diagnosed tumor in adults in Europe and represents approximately 2.5% of cancer deaths. The molecular biology underlying renal cell carcinoma (RCC) development and progression has been a key milestone in the management of this type of tumor. Read More

Endocr Connect 2019 Apr 1. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

H Reis, Institute of Pathology , University of Essen-Duisburg, Essen, Germany.

Recently, a neuroendocrine-like molecular subtype has been discovered in muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer (BC). Chromogranin A (CGA) is a widely used tissue and serum marker in neuroendocrine tumors. Our aim was to evaluate serum CGA (sCGA) concentrations and their associations with clinical and follow-up data in BC and renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2019 Apr 5;58:33-36. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

University of Sulaymaniyah, Faculty of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Iraq.

Introduction: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is known to metastasize to almost every organ. A well-recognized phenomenon in RCC is late metastatic recurrence after nephrectomy which is arbitrarily defined as more than 10 years. The incidence of solitary ipsilateral and contralateral adrenal metastasis is 3% and 0. Read More

Med Glas (Zenica) 2019 Aug 1;16(2). Epub 2019 Aug 1.

Department of Thoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Turkey.

Aim To evaluate the efficacy, safety and feasibility of mediastinoscopy in 107 cases with mediastinal lesions that could not be diagnosed histopathologically with other methods. Methods A total of 107 cases (73 males, 34 females; mean age 57.4, range 30-88 years) with mediastinal lymphadenopathy, who underwent mediastinoscopy between 12 September 2012 and 29 November 2018 were examined retrospectively. Read More

Chin J Cancer Res 2019 Feb;31(1):29-48

Hum Exp Toxicol 2019 Apr 17:960327119842241. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

2 Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China.

To investigate the effects of EH domain containing protein 2 (EHD2) on clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and provide new insights for the clinical treatment of rental cancer. Forty patients (26 males and 14 females, 62.4 ± 5. Read More

Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

g Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham , Birmingham , UK.

Introduction: Patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) are commonly treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). An adverse effect frequently suffered by patients is lethargy, which often leads to dose reduction or drug cessation. We aimed to assess whether hypogonadism is related to treatment with TKIs. Read More

AJR Am J Roentgenol 2019 Apr 17:1-10. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

1 Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 2201 Inwood Rd, Ste 210, Dallas, TX 75225.

Renal masses comprise a heterogeneous group of pathological conditions, including benign and indolent diseases and aggressive malignancies, complicating management. In this article, we explore the emerging role of imaging to provide a comprehensive noninvasive characterization of a renal mass-so-called "virtual biopsy"-and its potential use in the management of patients with renal tumors. Percutaneous renal mass biopsy (RMB) remains a valuable method to provide a presurgical histopathologic diagnosis of renal masses, but it is an invasive procedure and is not always feasible. Read More

Korean J Radiol 2019 May;20(5):791-800

Department of Radiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.

Objective: To compare various models of diffusion-weighted imaging including monoexponential apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), biexponential (fast diffusion coefficient [D], slow diffusion coefficient [D], and fraction of fast diffusion), stretched-exponential (distributed diffusion coefficient and anomalous exponent term [α]), and kurtosis (mean diffusivity and mean kurtosis [MK]) models in the differentiation of renal solid masses.

Materials And Methods: A total of 81 patients (56 men and 25 women; mean age, 57 years; age range, 30-69 years) with 18 benign and 63 malignant lesions were imaged using 3T diffusion-weighted MRI. Diffusion model selection was investigated in each lesion using the Akaike information criteria. Read More

Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Genitourinary Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.

Over the past decade, the treatment landscape for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has evolved dramatically. The therapeutic options available have expanded and now include immune-checkpoint inhibitors, novel targeted agents and combination strategies, and thus optimal patient selection and treatment sequencing are increasingly pertinent for optimizing clinical outcomes. A better understanding of the underlying biology of the tumour and its microenvironment continues to drive the inception of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Read More

Mol Cell Proteomics 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Tsinghua University, China

BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) is a member of the ubiquitin C‑terminal hydrolase family of deubiquitinating enzymes and is implicated in transcriptional regulation. The BAP1 gene is mutated in about 10% of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), the most common form of renal cancer, suggesting that BAP1 is a tumor suppressor. However, whether BAP1 influences the progression of ccRCC tumors expressing WT BAP1 is unclear. Read More

BMC Cancer 2019 Apr 16;19(1):360. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China, 610041.

Background: In clinical practice, the detection of biomarkers is mostly based on primary tumors for its convenience in acquisition. However, immune checkpoints may express differently between primary and metastatic tumor. Therefore, we aimed to compare the differential expressions of PD-1, PD-L1 and PD-L2 between the primary and metastatic sites of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2019 Apr 15;11(4). Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Department of Urology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.

To investigate the association of serum uric acid (SUA) levels along with statin use in Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC), as statins may be associated with improved outcomes in RCC and SUA elevation is associated with increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Retrospective study of patients undergoing surgery for RCC with preoperative/postoperative SUA levels between 8/2005-8/2018. Analysis was carried out between patients with increased postoperative SUA vs. Read More

J Endourol 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

University of Montreal Health Center, Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Introduction Institutional studies suggested that tumor size (TS) might be an independent predictor of recurrence after local tumor ablation (LTA). However, limited data exist to ascertain whether larger TS may also predispose to worse cancer-specific mortality (CSM). Materials and methods Patients treated with LTA for T1a non-metastatic RCC were identified within the SEER database (2004-2015). Read More

J Pharm Pharmacol 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.

Objectives: Kidney cancer is a highly lethal cancer, of which the most common type is renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The targeted drugs used in treating RCC clinically have a lot of side effects. Therefore, it is urgent to find out effective agents with little toxic effects. Read More

Hormones (Athens) 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT Center, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland.

Introduction: Thyroid incidentaloma is defined as a thyroid lesion incidentally and newly detected by imaging techniques performed for an unrelated purpose and especially for a non-thyroid disease. The aim of this review is to evaluate the prevalence and clinical significance of focal incidental radiolabelled prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) uptake in the thyroid gland [PSMA thyroid incidentaloma (PTI)] revealed by PET/CT or PET/MRI.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search of the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Embase databases was conducted to find relevant published articles about the prevalence and clinical significance of PTIs detected by PET/CT or PET/MRI in patients studied for other oncologic purposes. Read More

Oncol Lett 2019 May 12;17(5):4566-4574. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, 701 85 Örebro, Sweden.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most commonly diagnosed renal tumor, consisting of ~3% of all malignancies worldwide. The prognosis of RCC can vary widely, and detecting patients at risk of recurrence at an early stage of disease may improve patient outcome. The factors presently used in a clinical setting cannot reliably predict the natural history of the disease. Read More

Oncol Lett 2019 May 8;17(5):4321-4328. Epub 2019 Mar 8.

Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Langdong Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common and lethal renal malignant tumor in adults. The aim of the present study was to identify the key genes involved in ccRCC metastasis. Expression profiling data for ccRCC patients with metastasis and without metastasis were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Read More

Exp Ther Med 2019 May 1;17(5):3814-3822. Epub 2019 Mar 1.

Department of Urology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China.

Recent studies have identified several microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) that are dysregulated in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), and their dysregulation may serve important roles in the occurrence and development of ccRCC. Therefore, understanding the expression pattern and functional roles of miRNAs in ccRCC may facilitate the identification of novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of ccRCC. In the current study, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to determine miR-508 expression levels in ccRCC tissue samples and cell lines. Read More

Clin Cancer Res 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Medical Oncology, Georgetown University

Background: NRG1 gene fusions are rare but potentially actionable oncogenic drivers present in some solid tumors. Details regarding the incidence of these gene rearrangements are lacking. Here, we assessed the incidence of NRG1 fusions across multiple tumor types and described fusion partners. Read More

Clin Genitourin Cancer 2019 Feb 20. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

Clinical Hospital Number 1 of Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.

Background: Cabozantinib is an approved treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). This report presents an analysis of the safety profile and efficacy of cabozantinib in an unselected population from Poland.

Patients And Methods: Patients with mRCC, who had been treated with at least 1 previous agent targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor pathway, were eligible to receive cabozantinib at a once-daily dose of 60 mg orally, according to the Managed Access Program (MAP). Read More

Pathology 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Aquesta Specialised Uropathology, Brisbane, Qld, Australia; University of Queensland School of Medicine, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.

Heterogeneity of tumour grading is common in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). WHO/ISUP grading specifies that RCC should be graded based on the highest grade present in at least one high power field. This does not take into account the proportion of high grade tumour present in a cancer, which may itself influence outcome. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2019 Apr 4;20(7). Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Department of Pathology, University Hospital, 35000 Rennes, France.

Renal cell carcinoma encompass distinct diseases with different pathologic features and distinct molecular pathways. Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting the programmed death receptor ligand 1 (PD-L1)/programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) pathway alone or in combination have greatly changed clinical management of metastatic renal cell carcinoma, now competing with antiangiogenic drugs in monotherapy for first-line treatment. However, long-term response rates are low, and biomarkers are needed to predict treatment response. Read More

Genes (Basel) 2019 Apr 2;10(4). Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group-Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common malignancy affecting the kidney. Current therapies are mostly curative for localized disease, but do not completely preclude recurrence and metastization. Thus, it is imperative to develop new therapeutic strategies based on RCC biological properties. Read More

Am J Surg Pathol 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with leiomyomatous stroma is a provisional category of RCC in the 2016 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Urinary System. Microscopic examination of hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections reveals this entity to be well-circumscribed with tubulopapillary growth of cells with clear cytoplasm in a background of leiomyomatous stroma. Herein we describe the genetic features of 15 University of Chicago Medical Center archived cases with hematoxylin and eosin histology matching the provisional diagnosis. Read More

PLoS One 2019 15;14(4):e0215072. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Department of Human Stress Response Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan.

The possibility that anesthesia during cancer surgery may affect cancer recurrence, metastasis, and patient prognosis has become one of the most important topics of interest in cancer treatment. For example, the volatile anesthetic isoflurane was reported in several studies to induce hypoxia-inducible factors, and thereby enhance malignant phenotypes in vitro. Indeed, these transcription factors are considered critical regulators of cancer-related hallmarks, including "sustained proliferative signaling, evasion of growth suppressors, resistance to cell death, replicative immortality, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. Read More

Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2019 Apr;23(4):264-269

1 Clinical Laboratory, Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.

Background: Qualitative and quantitative detection of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a liquid biopsy technology used for early cancer diagnosis. However, the plasma ctDNA content is extremely low, so it is difficult to detect somatic mutations of tumors using conventional sequencing methods. Target region sequencing (TRS) technology, through enrichment of the target genomic region followed by next generation sequencing, overcomes this challenge and has been widely used in ctDNA sequencing. Read More

Curr Opin Oncol 2019 May;31(3):194-199

Division of Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Purpose Of Review: In addition to the provision of nutrients and growth factors that facilitate tumor cell proliferation and metastasis, the tumor microenvironment (MEV) restricts immune surveillance of tumor-associated antigens and limits the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors, tumor vaccines, and other immune therapies. This review will focus on the immunosuppressive mechanisms operative within the tumor MVE of renal cell carcinoma.

Recent Findings: Several of the immunosuppressive mechanisms within the tumor MEV have been identified and are potentially druggable. Read More

Clin Nucl Med 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Nephrology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

Multiple-myeloma (MM) is a malignant plasma cell proliferation disorder and the second most common blood malignancy after non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The chemokine (CXCR-4) receptor analogues are the newer agents being postulated for myeloma imaging and have shown good diagnostic performance. We report a case of plasmacytoma with suspicious renal cell carcinoma, in whom Ga CXCR-4 PET/CT revealed tracer-avid lesion in the left perinephric region. Read More

Front Oncol 2019 29;9:199. Epub 2019 Mar 29.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.

There is increasing use of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) across multiple cancer types, including in patients at risk for vertebral metastases and cord compression. These patients are often treated with palliative radiotherapy (PRT); however, data evaluating the combination of PRT and ICB in patients with vertebral metastases is limited. Furthermore, patients with cord compression are generally excluded from prospective clinical trials. Read More

Front Immunol 2019 29;10:602. Epub 2019 Mar 29.

Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.

Neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy (nRCT) can significantly influence the tumor immune architecture that plays a pivotal role in regulating tumor growth. Whereas, various studies have investigated the effect of nRCT on tumor-infiltrating T cells, little is known about its impact on the frequency and activation status of human dendritic cells (DCs). Plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) essentially contribute to the regulation of innate and adaptive immunity and may profoundly influence tumor progression. Read More

Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2019 Apr 13. Epub 2019 Apr 13.

a Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation - Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit , University of Bari , Bari , Italy.

Introduction: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a metabolic disease, of which the incidence rate is increasing worldwide. Renal carcinoma is characterized by mutations in target genes involved in metabolic pathways. Metabolic reprogramming covers different processes such as aerobic glycolysis, fatty acid metabolism, and the utilization of tryptophan, glutamine, and arginine. Read More

Environ Toxicol 2019 Apr 14. Epub 2019 Apr 14.

Graduate Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.

Licochalcone A is widely studied in different fields and possesses antiasthmatic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and anticancer properties. Its antimalignancy activity on renal, liver, lung, and oral cancer has been explored. However, limited studies have been conducted on the inhibitory effects of licochalcone A in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Read More