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Pathog Dis 2020 May 28. Epub 2020 May 28.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Gynecological and obstetrical infectious diseases are an important component of women's health. A system approach to gynecological and obstetrical infection helps unify and classify microbial etiology and pathogenesis within a clinical anatomical framework of lower and upper genital tract syndromes. The reproductive system of women includes the vulva, vagina, cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries. Read More

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2020 May 27. Epub 2020 May 27.

Institute of Infection Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Brunswiker Straße 4, D-24105, Kiel, Germany.

Respiratory tract infections (RTI) can take a serious course under immunosuppression. Data on the impact of the underlying pathogens are still controversial. Samples from the upper (n = 322) and lower RT (n = 169) were collected from 136 children and 355 adults; 225 among them have been immunocompromised patients. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2020 May 27;20(1):375. Epub 2020 May 27.

Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Balamand, P.O.Box 166378 Ashrafieh, Beirut, 1100-2807, Lebanon.

Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) cause a major public health problem that affect both men and women in developing and developed countries. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of 11 STIs among women who voluntarily participated in the study, while seeking gynecological checkup. The existence of an association between the presence of pathogens and symptoms and various sociodemographic risk factors was assessed. Read More

Sex Transm Infect 2020 May 26. Epub 2020 May 26.

British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Objective: To explore sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinic client attitudes and preferences towards STI vaccines and STI vaccine programming in an urban clinic setting.

Methods: A 31-item questionnaire was administered during check-in by clinic clerical staff at two STI clinics in Vancouver, Canada. Demographic characteristics and preferences were summarised descriptively. Read More

Sex Transm Infect 2020 May 23. Epub 2020 May 23.

Sexually Transmitted Bacteria Reference Unit, Public Health England, London, UK.

Objectives: Test of cure (TOC) for (NG) and (CT) infection is an important tool in the public health management of STIs. However, there are limited data about the optimal time to perform TOC using nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) for NG and CT infections. A study was performed to assess the feasibility of a larger study to determine the optimal time to TOC using NAATS. Read More

Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020 May 20. Epub 2020 May 20.

Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, PR China. Electronic address:

Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) is an obligate intracellular organism that depends on nutrients from the host cell for their replication and proliferation. Therefore, the interaction between this pathogen and host induces sustained endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the infected cells. Read More

Cell Immunol 2020 May 16;353:104132. Epub 2020 May 16.

Departments of Immunology and Medical Microbiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 471 Apotex Centre, 750 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada. Electronic address:

Protective immune response to chlamydial infection is largely dependent on cell-mediated immune responses with IFN-γ production. Recent studies have shown the critical role of NK cells in bridging innate and adaptive immune responses. In this study, we investigated the effect of NK cells on T cell responses during Chlamydophila pneumoniae (Cpn) lung infection. Read More

Sex Transm Dis 2020 May 20. Epub 2020 May 20.

Department of Pediatrics, Division of Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics, Prisma Health Upstate, Greenville, SC.

Background: We evaluated the clinical management and risk factors for Trichomonas vaginalis-positive adolescents in upstate South Carolina.

Methods: An EPIC electronic medical record report was generated to identify any physician-ordered T. vaginalis test from February 2016 to December 2017 for patients aged 12-18 years within the Prisma Health Upstate system. Read More

Microbes Infect 2020 May 19. Epub 2020 May 19.

Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, North-12, West-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan. Electronic address:

Chlamydia trachomatis LGV (CtL2) causes systemic infection and proliferates in lymph nodes as well as genital tract or rectum producing a robust inflammatory response, presumably leading to a low oxygen environment. We therefore assessed how CtL2 growth in immortal human epithelial cells adapts to hypoxic conditions. Assessment of inclusion forming units, the quantity of chlamydial 16S rDNA, and inclusion size showed that hypoxia promotes CtL2 growth. Read More

Braz J Infect Dis 2020 May 19. Epub 2020 May 19.

Western French Guiana Hospital Center Franck-Joly, Department of Public Health, Saint-Laurent du Maroni, French Guiana; INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et Santé Publique, Paris, France. Electronic address:

The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) infections in western French Guiana and to analyze associated factors with both infections. A retrospective study was conducted in a sexually transmitted infections (STI) clinic in 2017. Women (n=338) were tested by real-time PCR for vaginal, anal and throat CT and NG infections. Read More

Health Serv Res 2020 May 21. Epub 2020 May 21.

RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.

Objective: To evaluate episode-based payments for upper respiratory tract infections (URI) and perinatal care in Arkansas's Medicaid population.

Study Setting: Upper respiratory infection and perinatal episodes among Medicaid-covered individuals in Arkansas and comparison states from fiscal year (FY) 2011 to 2014.

Study Design: Cross-sectional observational analysis using a difference-in-difference design to examine outcomes associated with URI and perinatal episodes of care (EOC) from 2011 to 2014. Read More

Indian J Med Microbiol 2019 Oct-Dec;37(4):557-562

Department of Infectious Diseases Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Background And Objectives: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the causative agent of cervical cancer, a major cause of cancer mortality in Indian women. The current study was undertaken to add information to the existing data on HPV type distribution in Indians, in an attempt to document HPV types for future vaccination programme, if any.

Materials And Methods: HPV infection was screened in 223 cervical cancer cases and 2408 healthy women without cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (control). Read More

Cell Rep 2020 May;31(7):107667

Crystallography, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany; Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany. Electronic address:

Human guanylate binding protein 1 (hGBP1) belongs to the dynamin superfamily of GTPases and conveys host defense against intracellular bacteria and parasites. During infection, hGBP1 is recruited to pathogen-containing vacuoles, such as Chlamydia trachomatis inclusions, restricts pathogenic growth, and induces the activation of the inflammasome pathway. hGBP1 has a unique catalytic activity to hydrolyze guanosine triphosphate (GTP) to guanosine monophosphate (GMP) in two consecutive cleavage steps. Read More

Front Microbiol 2020 5;11:827. Epub 2020 May 5.

Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China.

and human papillomavirus (HPV) are the most common pathogens of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), which can increase the risk of cervical cancer and infertility. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, genotype and risk factors of and/or HPV infection in women attending the annual physical examination, assistant reproductive treatment and visiting the gynecology clinics from Southern Hunan province in China. Cervical-swab samples were collected from 5006 participants. Read More

J Bacteriol 2020 May 18. Epub 2020 May 18.

Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112

Scc4 (formerly CT663) engages the transcription machinery and the pathogenic type III secretion system (T3SS). Both machines are required for infection. These requirements and the limited ability of genetic manipulation in have hampered dissection of Scc4's contributions. Read More

Infect Immun 2020 May 18. Epub 2020 May 18.

Department of Biomedical Sciences, Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University

bacteria are obligate intracellular pathogens which can cause a variety of disease in humans and other vertebrate animals. To successfully complete their life cycle, must evade both intracellular innate immune responses as well as adaptive cytotoxic T cell responses. Here we report on the role of the chlamydial lipooligosaccharide (LOS) in evading the immune response. Read More

PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020 May 18;14(5):e0008226. Epub 2020 May 18.

Trachoma Control Program, The Carter Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Background: After approximately 5 years of SAFE (surgery, antibiotics, facial cleanliness, environmental improvement) interventions for trachoma, hyperendemic (trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) ≥30%) districts remained in Amhara, Ethiopia. This study's aim was to characterize the epidemiology of Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) infection and load among pre-school aged children living under the SAFE strategy.

Methods: Conjunctival swabs from a population-based sample of children aged 1-5 years collected between 2011 and 2015 were assayed to provide Ct infection data from 4 endemic zones (comprised of 58 districts). Read More

J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2020 May 14. Epub 2020 May 14.

Centre hospitalier universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC; École de santé publique de l'Université de Montréal (ESPUM), Montréal, QC; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC. Electronic address:

Objectives: To analyze risk factors for the presence of sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections (STBBIs) in pregnancy and to determine whether pregnant women with STBBIs are more likely to experience adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study involved analyzing the electronic records of 3460 pregnant women followed at Sainte-Justine Hospital in Montréal, Québec, between March 2017 and January 2019. An outcome is defined as a pregnancy where the woman has at least one positive laboratory result for chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, hepatitis B, or hepatitis C (i. Read More

Microb Pathog 2020 May 13;147:104256. Epub 2020 May 13.

Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hengyang, China; Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang, 421001, China. Electronic address:

Chlamydia psittaci is the pathogen of psittacosis, and it has emerged as a significant public health threat. Because most infections are easily overlooked, a vaccine is recognized as the best solution to control the spread of C. psittaci. Read More

Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2020 Jan 1;58(1):21-27. Epub 2020 Jan 1.

Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Departamento de Medicina. Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, México.

Background: Chlamydia trachomatis infection in women has been strongly associated with early membrane rupture and pre-term labor; however, the evidence linking Chlamydia trachomatis infection and early miscarriage is inconsistent.

Objective: To determine if there is an association between Chlamydia trachomatis infection and early abortion in a group of women from Aguascalientes, Mexico.

Material And Methods: 108 early abortion product samples were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction technique, along with 42 samples that belonged to 42 patients with a normal pregnancy, in order to determine the presence of Chlamydia trachomatis. Read More

PLoS One 2020 15;15(5):e0226539. Epub 2020 May 15.

Bluefield State College, Bluefield, WV, United States of America.

A murine model to study the effect of cold-induced stress (CIS) on Chlamydia muridarum genital infection and immune response has been developed in our laboratory. Previous results in the lab show that CIS increases the intensity of chlamydia genital infection, but little is known about the effects and mechanisms of CIS on the differentiation and activities of CD4+ T cell subpopulations and bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). The factors that regulate the production of T helper 1 (Th1) or T helper 2 (Th2) cytokines are not well defined. Read More

Sex Transm Dis 2020 Jun;47(6):361-368

From the Division of STD Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.

Background: Extragenital gonorrhea (GC) and chlamydia (CT) are usually asymptomatic and only detected through screening. Ceftriaxone plus azithromycin is the recommended GC treatment; monotherapy (azithromycin or doxycycline) is recommended for CT. In urethral CT-positive/urethral GC-negative persons who are not screened extragenitally, CT monotherapy can lead to GC undertreatment and may foster the development of gonococcal antimicrobial resistance. Read More

Crit Rev Microbiol 2020 May 15:1-18. Epub 2020 May 15.

Aix-Marseille University, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.

One quarter of all cancers are linked to infectious diseases. The link between viral infection and cancer has been widely studied, but few reports have focused on the carcinogenic role of bacterial infection. Nonetheless, , , , and are bacteria that can be associated with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), the most common haematologic malignancy. Read More

BMJ Paediatr Open 2020 27;4(1):e000640. Epub 2020 Apr 27.

Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

Objectives: To describe critically ill children with respiratory infections, classify them by infection syndrome type and determine the prevalence of detection.

Study Design: A retrospective, single-centre cohort study. All children aged 2 months-18 years with presumed respiratory infection who were admitted to a tertiary hospital paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) between September 2015 and October 2016 were eligible. Read More

NPJ Vaccines 2020 8;5:37. Epub 2020 May 8.

1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Medical Sciences I, Room D440, Irvine, California 92697-4800 USA.

is the most frequently detected sexually transmitted bacterial pathogen in the world. Attempts to control these infections with screening programs and antibiotics have failed and, therefore, a vaccine is the best approach to control this epidemic. The major outer membrane protein (MOMP) is the most protective subunit vaccine so far tested. Read More

JAMA Netw Open 2020 May 1;3(5):e204819. Epub 2020 May 1.

Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.

Importance: Rates of chlamydial and gonococcal infection continue to increase in the United States, as do the associated costs of untreated infections. Improved diagnostic technologies that support testing and treating in 1 clinical visit are critical to advancing efforts to control the rates of chlamydial and gonococcal infection.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical performance of a point-of-care (POC) molecular diagnostic assay for the detection of chlamydia and gonorrhea. Read More

PLoS One 2020 14;15(5):e0232598. Epub 2020 May 14.

Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States of America.

Background: Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) aged 15-24 years have among the highest risk for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STI) across sub-Saharan Africa. A latent class analysis (LCA) was conducted to identify intersecting social- and structural-level determinants of HIV/STI acquisition among AGYW in Ethiopia.

Methods: AGYW were recruited from venues using time-location sampling, completing an interviewer-administered behavioral survey and biological testing for HIV, syphilis, and chlamydia. Read More

Parasitol Res 2020 May 14. Epub 2020 May 14.

Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.

Trichomoniasis is the most prevalent curable sexually transmitted infection (STI) worldwide and a risk factor for the acquisition of other STIs and adverse pregnancy outcomes. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of T. vaginalis and related coinfections in women attending a third-level hospital of Madrid (Spain). Read More

Sex Transm Dis 2020 May 13. Epub 2020 May 13.

Massachusetts General Hospital, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston, MA.

Background: Knowledge of STI prevalence and risk factors is important to the development of tenofovir-based pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and safer conception programming. We introduced STI screening among women at risk for HIV exposure, participating in a safer conception study in southwestern Uganda.

Methods: We enrolled 131 HIV-uninfected women, planning for pregnancy with a partner living with HIV or of unknown HIV-serostatus (2018-2019). Read More

Sex Transm Infect 2020 May 13. Epub 2020 May 13.

Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium

Objectives: As (CT) and (NG) are the most commonly reported STIs in Belgium and the majority of women infected are asymptomatic, targeted screening of patients in specified risk groups is indicated. To prevent long-term complications and interrupt transmission, extragenital samples should be included. As this comes with a substantial extra cost, analysis of a pooled sample from vaginal and extragenital sites could be a solution. Read More

Int J STD AIDS 2020 May 13:956462420915395. Epub 2020 May 13.

Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada.

Partner notification and treatment are essential components of sexually transmitted infection (STI) management, but little is known about such practices among adolescents and young adults. Using data from a prospective cohort study (AYAZAZI) of youth aged 16-24 years in Durban, South Africa, we assessed the STI care cascade across participant diagnosis, STI treatment, partner notification, and partner treatment; index recurrent STI and associated factors; and reasons for not notifying partner of STI. Participants completed laboratory-based STI screening (, , ) at enrollment and at 12 months. Read More

Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2020 May 10. Epub 2020 May 10.

Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Donostia, Osakidetza, San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, España.

Curr Urol 2020 Mar 20;14(1):1-13. Epub 2020 Mar 20.

East and North Hertfordshire NHS Trust, Department of Urology, Lister Hospital, Stevenage.

Background: It is estimated that between 50 and 89% of non-gonococcal urethritis is not caused by . Associations between non-chlamydial non-gonococcal urethritis (NCNGU) with balanoposthitis, epididymo-orchitis and reactive arthritis have been suggested, but evidence to support these often-theoretical relationships is sparse and further investigation is called for. Concerns over increasing antimicrobial resistance has rendered the need for clarity over this question ever more pressing in recent years. Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2020 May 8;12(5). Epub 2020 May 8.

Institute of Virology, Department of Hygiene, Microbiology, Social Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Peter-Mayr-Strasse 4b, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.

: Certain high-risk (hr) types of human papillomavirus (HPV) can cause cervical cancer in women and penile cancer in men. Hr-HPV can also cause cancers of the oropharynx and anus in both sexes. In the anal and cervical region, a contribution of co-infections with Ureaplasma spp. Read More

Open Forum Infect Dis 2019 Nov 11;6(11):ofz470. Epub 2019 Nov 11.

Department of Medicine, Callen-Lorde Community Health Center, New York, USA.

We report 2 cases of neovaginal infection in transgender women who underwent penile-inversion vaginoplasty procedures with integrated peritoneum and urethral grafts. These tissue types may have facilitated infection. Medical providers should implement neovaginal screening for bacterial sexually transmitted infections in transgender patients at risk for infection. Read More

Am J Trop Med Hyg 2020 May 11. Epub 2020 May 11.

Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.

Nucleic acid amplification tests are increasingly used to detect ocular chlamydia infection in trachoma research and programs. To evaluate the reliability of detection by the Abbott RealTime CT/NG assay on the m2000 platform, three conjunctival samples were collected from each of 200 children aged 0-9 years in Ethiopia: two from the right eye and one from the left eye. Four aliquots were processed for each child: two from the first right eye sample, one from the second right eye sample, and one from the left eye sample. Read More

Sex Transm Infect 2020 May 11. Epub 2020 May 11.

Applied Diagnostic Research and Evaluation Unit, Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's University of London, London, UK

Objectives: Azithromycin treatment of (CT) may not be adequate to treat concomitant (MG) infection, and particularly if MG has macrolide resistance-associated mutations (MG-MRAMs). We estimated prevalence of coinfections of CT with MG carrying MRAM, and risk factors for MG-MRAM among a sexual health clinic population.

Study Design And Setting: Among symptomatic and STI-contact clinic attendees in London, prevalence of CT-MG coinfection and MG-MRAM were estimated using nucleic acid amplification testing and Sanger sequencing, respectively, and their associated risk factors analysed using logistic regression. Read More

BMC Health Serv Res 2020 May 11;20(1):404. Epub 2020 May 11.

Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Faculty of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa.

Background: While HIV Testing Services (HTS) have increased, many South Africans have not been tested. Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the top cause of death worldwide. Integrated NCD-HTS could be a strategy to control both epidemics. Read More

Clin Lab 2020 May;66(5)

Background: Chlamydia trachomatis is the leading cause of bacterial sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) world-wide. The aim of this study was to characterize the C. trachomatis genetic profiles of clinical isolates in the Korean population by sequence analysis of the ompA gene. Read More

Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf 2020 Mar 12. Epub 2020 Mar 12.

Background: Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is a highly prevalent sexually transmitted infection in adolescents that can lead to serious complications. San Francisco has one of the highest rates of CT infections in the United States. At baseline, screening rates at the Children's Health Center were significantly below national and network levels. Read More

Vaccine 2020 Apr 30. Epub 2020 Apr 30.

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical Sciences I, Room D440, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-4800, USA. Electronic address:

A new vaccine formulated with the Chlamydia muridarum native major outer membrane protein (nMOMP) and amphipols was assessed in an intranasal (i.n.) challenge mouse model. Read More

P R Health Sci J 2020 Mar;39(1):28-33

Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico; University of Puerto Rico Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center.

Objective: There is a high prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in Puerto Rico, but little is known about the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection in healthy Puerto Rican women. Thus we aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence and association and the association between HPV and CT.

Methods: This was a secondary data analysis from a cross-sectional, populationbased, study of HPV infection in women aged 16-64 years in Puerto Rico (2010-2013). Read More

J Infect Dev Ctries 2020 Apr 30;14(4):341-348. Epub 2020 Apr 30.

Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, 'Iuliu Haţieganu' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

Introduction: Most sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are curable, but inappropriate treatment can lead to serious complications. The importance of setting up STI screening programs has been highlighted in various studies, the absence of such national programs accounting for the lack of STI statistics in Romania. The purpose of our study was to evaluate multiplex PCR as a screening method for the most common 6 STIs and establish their frequency in a group of symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. Read More

Diagn Cytopathol 2020 May 7. Epub 2020 May 7.

Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.

Background: The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of Human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infections among adolescents and young adult women and to identify the risk factors associated.

Methods: This study included 276 sexually active participants, classified as adolescents (15-19 years) and young adult women (20-24 years) that realized conventional cytology and were tested for 27 HPV genotypes and for CT. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the factors associated with both infections. Read More

Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2020 Mar;40(3):388-393

School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.

Objective: To explore the role of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in immune response to urogenital chlamydial infection and urogenital pathology in mice.

Methods: Fifteen female wild-type (WT) C57BL/6J mice and 15 TNF-α receptor knockout (TNF-αR KO) mice were inoculated intravaginally with 1×10 inclusion forming units (IFUs) of live . At 56 days after the first inoculation, 8 mice from each group were subjected to a second inoculation at the same dose. Read More

Z Naturforsch C J Biosci 2020 May 6. Epub 2020 May 6.

Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei, PR China.

The purpose of this study is to purify the LpxA protein of Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) and prepare the polyclonal antibody against LpxA protein, so as to lay a foundation for studying the function of LpxA protein. The LpxA gene was amplified by PCR. The expression plasmid pET28a-LpxA was constructed by using pET28a as the vector. Read More

J Am Coll Radiol 2020 May;17(5S):S113-S124

Specialty Chair, University of Toronto and Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

The most common known causes of female infertility are male factor (26%), ovulatory failure (21%), and tubal damage (14%), while in 28% a couple's infertility remains unexplained. Female-specific causes of infertility include deterioration of oocyte quality with increasing maternal age; ovulatory disorders, most notably polycystic ovarian syndrome; history of salpingitis such as that caused by chlamydia infection; endometriosis; and uterine cavity abnormalities interfering with implantation causing inability to become pregnant or causing recurrent pregnancy loss. These potential causes of female infertility are discussed in this document and the appropriate imaging recommendations for each variant are provided. Read More

BMC Public Health 2020 May 4;20(1):616. Epub 2020 May 4.

Human Nature Lab, Department of Sociology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.

Background: Men who have sex with men (MSM) globally have a high burden of curable sexually transmitted infections (STIs). MSM do not frequently receive rectal STI testing because of several barriers, such as not being out (disclosure of sexual behavior). We evaluate whether Chinese MSM select an STI test (rectal vs urethral) appropriate for their sexual behavior (insertive and/or receptive), and the interactions with being out. Read More