238,358 results match your criteria Childhood Cancer Genetics
Neuropediatrics 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
Department of Medical Genetics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) is a rare inherited neuromuscular disorder associated with mutations in the gene on the Xq28 region. We report a severely affected girl with XLMTM, caused by maternally inherited 661 kb Xq28 microduplication identified by chromosomal microarray analysis and confirmed also on DNA from muscle biopsy with a custom-designed X-chromosome-specific microarray. X-inactivation analysis revealed a skewed inactivation pattern on the proband's muscle biopsy. Read More
Int J Epidemiol 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that breastfeeding benefits children's intelligence, possibly due to long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) present in breast milk. Under a nutritional adequacy hypothesis, an interaction between breastfeeding and genetic variants associated with endogenous LC-PUFAs synthesis might be expected. However, the literature on this topic is controversial. Read More
Horm Res Paediatr 2018 Dec 12:1-14. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
The hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis is a common site of unintended, acquired disease either during or after the treatment of cancer. Children treated with external radiation therapy are at the highest risk for developing a thyroid-related late effect, but thyroid dysfunction and second primary thyroid neoplasms can also occur after treatment with radiopharmaceutical agents such as 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine. Increasingly recognized is the development of early thyroid dysfunction as an off-target consequence of the more novel cancer therapeutics such as the tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Read More
Magy Onkol 2018 Dec 30;62(4):214-221. Epub 2018 Oct 30.
Patológiai Intézet, PTE Klinikai Központ, Pécs, Hungary.
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most frequent malignancy in children. In Hungary 60-70 new cases are diagnosed annually. The survival rate is 85-90% in developed countries with current treatment protocols. Read More
PLoS One 2018 12;13(12):e0208088. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
The Center for Youth Wellness, San Francisco, California, United States of America.
Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are associated with poor health outcomes, underlining the significance of early identification and intervention. Currently, there is no validated tool to screen for ACEs exposure in childhood. To fill this gap, we designed and implemented a pediatric ACEs questionnaire in an urban pediatric Primary Care Clinic. Read More
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Clinical Pharmacology & Digestive Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Vomiting is not only unpleasant for both children and families, but can lead to frequent hospital admission. The persistent vomiting hampers oral intake and increases the risk of dehydration so the proper use of antiemetic drugs can be useful. The pharmacological treatment of vomiting in children remains a challenge for the pediatrician because several antiemetics are prescribed as "off-label", outside their authorized drug label. Read More
J Psychiatry Neurosci 2018 12 12;44(1):1-10. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
From the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (Lange, Goossens, Bakker, Michielse, Leibold, Marcelis, van Os, van Amelsvoort, Schruers); Department of Neuroscience, Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Center for Clinical Psychiatry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (van Winkel); Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA (Lissek); Institute for Mental Health Care Eindhoven (GGzE), Eindhoven, The Netherlands (Marcelis); Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands (Wichers); Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, King’s Health Partners, London, UK (van Os); Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (van Os); Faculty of Psychology, Center for Experimental and Learning Psychology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Schruers).
Background: Childhood maltreatment is a transdiagnostic risk factor for later psychopathology and has been associated with altered brain circuitry involved in the processing of threat and safety. Examining threat generalization mechanisms in young adults with childhood maltreatment and psychiatric symptoms may elucidate a pathway linking early-life adversities to the presence of subclinical psychopathology.
Methods: We recruited youth aged 16–25 years with subclinical psychiatric symptomatology and healthy controls. Read More
Braz J Psychiatr 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.
University of Basel, Psychiatric Clinics, Center for Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders, Basel, Switzerland.
Objective: In Western countries, the prevalence of childhood trauma (CT) ranges from 15 to 25%. CT might be indirectly associated with lower parental socioeconomic status and educational attainments. The aims of this cross-sectional study were fourfold: to assess prevalence of CT in a large sample of Iranian children; to compare the Iranian prevalence rates with those of Western countries; to explore gender-specific patterns; and to explore possible socioeconomic predictors. Read More
Braz J Psychiatr 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.
Instituto de Saúde Coletiva (ISC), Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
Objective: To describe the service use profile of Child and Adolescent Psychosocial Care Centers (Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Infanto-Juvenil [CAPSi]) in Brazil regarding diagnostic categories, sociodemographic aspects, and care modalities between 2008 and 2012.
Methods: A descriptive, ecological study was performed using data from the Unified Health System regarding high-complexity procedure authorizations (Autorização de Procedimentos de Alta Complexidade [APAC]) for the period from 2008-2012. The variables sex, age, diagnosis (F00-F99 of ICD-10), and type of care provided were examined. Read More
Braz J Psychiatr 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.
Departamento de Psiquiatria,Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of early childhood maltreatment and associations with later sexual behavior among adult substance users.
Methods: A cross-sectional study enrolled 134 substance dependents who sought outpatient care in São Paulo, Brazil. Childhood trauma prevalence was assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Read More
Cien Saude Colet 2018 Dec;23(12):4177-4188
Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas. BR 104 Norte Km 97, Tabuleiro do Martins. 57072-900 Maceió AL Brasil.
Analyzing quantitative and qualitative aspects of school meals represents the initial stage to ensure that the National School Food Program (PNAE) is an effective space for the promotion of healthy eating habits and establishing individual rights. The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional adequacy of meals served and consumed, as well as quantifying food waste in Child Daycare Centers in Maceió, in the state of Alagoas. All meals served and consumed by 359 children (aged 17 to 63 months) were analyzed by the direct weighing method for three non-consecutive days in all institutions. Read More
Cien Saude Colet 2018 Dec;23(12):4143-4152
Departamento de Nutrição Social, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal Fluminense. R. Mario Santos Braga 30/4º, Centro. 24020-140 Niterói RJ Brasil.
The study analyzed the initiatives of prevention and control of childhood obesity, especially those of Adequate and Healthy Food Promotion (PAAS) which have been part of the policies of the Brazilian federal government for the last 15 years. All documents that feature PAAS initiatives in the food and nutrition security, as well as public health policy fields, were evaluated according to the following criteria: (1) the approach to PAAS initiatives; (2) the aspects of obesitythat they intend to affect and (3) potential interest disputes. The main PAAS initiatives identified are intended to encourage: food and nutrition education; agroecological production systems; family agriculture; food accessibility; healthy environments and regulatory measures. Read More
Cien Saude Colet 2018 Dec;23(12):4055-4063
Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Campinas SP Brasil.
The study estimated the prevalence of serum lipid alterations among adolescents and investigated its association with excess weight and abdominal obesity. It involved a cross-sectional study with 525 adolescents from Piracicaba (São Paulo state). Anthropometric (body mass index, waist circumference and waist-height ratio) and biochemical information were obtained (total cholesterol and fractions, triglycerides). Read More
Indian J Public Health 2018 Oct-Dec;62(4):305-307
Former SRF, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Dental diseases and other noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) share common risks. Omnipresent and easily available sugars are a contributing risk factor for overweight, obesity, and diabetes. In addition, sugar consumption is known to cause dental caries in early childhood (early childhood caries) and in adults. Read More
Indian J Public Health 2018 Oct-Dec;62(4):253-258
Professor and Head, Department of Community Medicine, North Bengal Medical College and Hospital, Siliguri, West Bengal, India.
Background: Despite evidence regarding the beneficial effects of vaccines, vaccination uptake has not been up to the mark across the globe in various sociocultural and sociodemographic groups. Logistics and workforce have been issues of concern to public health managers, but the latent issue of vaccine hesitancy leading to vaccine delays and refusals has not been widely addressed particularly in the Indian context.
Objectives: The present study was conducted to find out the proportion and factors contributing to vaccine hesitancy for childhood vaccinations in slums of Siliguri, India. Read More
J Cancer Res Ther 2018 Dec;14(Supplement):S1244-S1246
Division of Pediatric Hemato Oncology, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Hypercalcemia is a rare and unusual complication of childhood malignancies. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) presenting with hypercalcemia and lytic bone lesions is very rare in children. Here, we report a case of a 4-year-old girl with ALL who presented with severe hypercalcemia and radiological evidence of osteolytic lesions. Read More
Cytokine 2019 Jan 7;113:177-184. Epub 2018 Jul 7.
Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil. Electronic address:
Asthma and allergy affect hundreds of millions of people from childhood to old age. In most of them, the inflammatory process of respiratory allergies involves the participation of type 2 cytokines, derived from T helper-2 (Th2)-cell, and Group 2 Innate Lymphoid (ILC2) Cells. An efficient memory Th2 cell response is dependent on IL-13 produced by ILC2s, causing allergic lung inflammation and elevated serum levels of immunoglobulin E. Read More
J Pediatr Oncol Nurs 2018 Dec 12:1043454218818067. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
3 University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.
Background: Childhood cancer not only presents challenges to the life of the child with cancer but also to the siblings' daily family life. The aim of the current study was to gain a better understanding of siblings' experiences of living in a family where one child has been diagnosed with blood cancer.
Method: Ten siblings of children with leukemia or non-Hodgkin lymphoma completed a semistructured interview about their everyday family life experiences postdiagnosis. Read More
Psychol Health Med 2018 Dec 12:1-10. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
a Faculdade de Medicina do ABC , Santo Andre , Brazil.
Negative health outcome and its relationship with length and severity of Childhood Sexual Abuse is well established in the literature. Until recently, this literature consisted disproportionately of studies of adults recalling past events. For guidelines for the treatment of childhood survivors, research focused on child victims may be more relevant. Read More
Methods Mol Biol 2019 ;1901:197-203
Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
Appearance of autoantibodies to tissue transglutaminase (TGA) is the most reliable biomarker to identify celiac disease autoimmunity. A nonradioactive assay of determination of TGA was newly developed using electrochemiluminescence (ECL) technology. This ECL assay has been demonstrated to be more sensitive than current standard radio-binding assay (RBA) in detecting TGA and can detect TGA earlier among high-risk young children followed from birth. Read More
Arch Gynecol Obstet 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Campinas, Rua Alexander Fleming 101, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-891, Brazil.
Purpose: To assess the association between maternal potentially life-threatening conditions (PLTC), maternal near miss (MNM), and maternal death (MD) with perinatal outcomes.
Methods: Cross-sectional study in 27 Brazilian referral centers from July, 2009 to June, 2010. All women presenting any criteria for PLTC and MNM, or MD, were included. Read More
Qual Life Res 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Purpose: Having independent versions of the PROMIS® scales (for Pediatric and Adults) is problematic as scores cannot be evaluated longitudinally as individuals move from childhood into adulthood. The primary aim of this research project is to use item response theory (IRT) to develop a transitional scoring link (or "crosswalk") between the PROMIS adult and pediatric physical health measures.
Setting: Sample 1 was collected at 6 rehabilitation hospitals in the U. Read More
Neurol Sci 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Objective: Narcolepsy is a lifelong disease, manifesting with excessive daytime sleepiness and cataplexy, arising between childhood and young adulthood. The diagnosis is typically made after a long delay that burdens the disease severity. The aim of the project, promoted by the "Associazione Italiana Narcolettici e Ipersonni" is to develop Red Flags to detect symptoms for early referral, targeting non-sleep medicine specialists, general practitioners, and pediatricians. Read More
Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Department of Biostatistics and Computation Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
Aim: Of this prospective cohort study was to assess early childhood caries (ECC) incidence and, based on the data, build a model that not only predicts future ECC onset in clinically caries-free children, but also is prognostic for children with ECC.
Methods: ECC incidence was assessed at the 12-month follow-up examination on a cohort of 291 preschool children. Weighted general estimation equation (WGEE) was used to estimate the effects of covariates on ds (decayed primary tooth surfaces) and dfs (decayed and filled primary tooth surfaces). Read More
World J Surg 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Department of Surgery, KUMC Thyroid Center, Korea University Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 73, Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
Background: Endoscopic transoral thyroidectomy is a recently introduced technique of remote access thyroidectomy. We previously reported the feasibility of the robotic approach (TORT). Nevertheless, experience to date is limited, with scant data on outcomes in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Read More
Front Public Health 2018 27;6:327. Epub 2018 Nov 27.
Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.
Few studies have investigated longitudinal associations between early life phthalate exposure and subsequent obesity and cardiovascular risks in children with inconsistent results. We aimed to evaluate the associations between phthalate exposure during gestation and childhood with offspring obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors in 500 mother-child pairs from the Rhea pregnancy cohort in Crete, Greece. Seven phthalate metabolites [monoethyl phthalate (MEP), mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP), monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP), mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP), and mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP)] were quantified in spot urine samples collected from mothers (1st trimester) and their children at 4 years of age. Read More
Front Oncol 2018 27;8:553. Epub 2018 Nov 27.
College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom.
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) remains the most frequent cause of cancer-related mortality in children and novel therapies are needed for the treatment of relapsed/refractory childhood ALL. One approach is the targeting of ALL blasts with the immunotoxin CAT-8015. Although CAT-8015 has potent anti-leukemia activity, with a 32% objective response rate in a phase 1 study of childhood ALL, haemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) and vascular leak syndrome (VLS), major dose-limiting toxicities, have limited the use of this therapeutic approach in children. Read More
J Pharm (Cairo) 2018 14;2018:1784645. Epub 2018 Nov 14.
Department of Pharmaceutics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
Background: The study was undertaken to elicit the knowledge, views, and perceptions of key stakeholders on malaria, its bioburden, and treatment options, in order to ascertain the knowledge gabs and challenges, especially in the use of oral quinine in childhood malaria.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a well-structured Likert Scale and self-administered questionnaire. The principal site of the study was a government-run children's hospital located in the Ashiedu Keteke Sub-Metro of Accra. Read More
Lupus Sci Med 2018 17;5(1):e000275. Epub 2018 Nov 17.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Division of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Objective: To determine the measurement properties of the Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Disease Area and Severity Index (CLASI) and the paediatric adaptation of the Skindex29 (pSkindex27) when used in childhood-onset SLE (cSLE).
Methods: Patients with mucocutaneous involvement of cSLE were evaluated at the study entry and 6 months later. Besides the CLASI and pSkindex27, the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Generic Core scale (PedsQL-GC), its Rheumatology Module (PedsQL-RM), the SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) and the SLE Damage Index (SDI) were completed. Read More
Front Psychol 2018 27;9:2350. Epub 2018 Nov 27.
Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience significant challenges with their motor coordination. It is not, however, well understood how motor coordination may impact the behavioral functioning of children with ASD. Therefore the purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between motor coordination and adaptive behavior in 7-12-year-old children with ASD. Read More
Front Psychiatry 2018 27;9:623. Epub 2018 Nov 27.
Center for Population Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Child Maltreatment is a concerning worldwide problem. The population of distressed mothers with their highly disturbed children, in middle-childhood, often present to child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS). Finding effective therapies for this population has proved elusive. Read More
Front Psychiatry 2018 27;9:610. Epub 2018 Nov 27.
Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany.
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a complex psychiatric condition with different subtypes and etiologies. Exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACE) is an important risk factor for the development of MDD later in life. Evidence suggests that pro-inflammatory processes may convey this risk as both MDD and ACE have been related to increased levels of inflammation. Read More
Ther Clin Risk Manag 2018 23;14:2283-2291. Epub 2018 Nov 23.
Development Endocrinology Research Group, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK,
Childhood-onset growth hormone deficiency (CO-GHD) is an endocrine condition associated with a broad range of health issues from childhood through to adulthood, which requires particular attention during the transition period from adolescence to young adulthood. There is uncertainty in the clinical practice of the management of CO-GHD during transition regarding the clinical assessment and management of individual patients during and after transition to obtain optimal follow-up and improved health outcomes. Despite the availability of clinical guidelines providing the framework for transition of young adults with CO-GHD, there remains substantial variation in approaching transitional care among pediatric and adult services. Read More
Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2018 23;14:3169-3178. Epub 2018 Nov 23.
Practise and Research Center for Fight Againist Addiction, University of Health Sciences,
Objective: The objectives of this study are, first, to explore the prevalence of lifetime violent and criminal behaviors among alcohol, opioid, and synthetic cannabinoid (SC) users in the treatment program; second, to examine and compare sociodemographic characteristics, childhood traumatic experiences, and impulsivity of these groups.
Patients And Method: This cross-sectional cohort study includes 110 male patients who received inpatient treatment in AMATEM (Alcohol and Substance Addiction Treatment Center) Clinic of Erenköy Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatry and Neurology between October 2014 and May 2015, diagnosed with alcohol, opioid, SC use disorder. The patients who were included in the study were given Data Collection Form, APIsoft (Addiction Profile Index), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-28), and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11). Read More
Mol Psychiatry 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Department of Psychology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
Dimensions of irritability and defiant behavior, though correlated within the structure of ODD, convey separable developmental risks through adolescence and adulthood. Irritability predicts depression and anxiety, whereas defiant behavior is a precursor to antisocial outcomes. Previously we demonstrated that a bifactor model comprising irritability and defiant behavior dimensions, in addition to a general factor, provided the best-fitting structure of ODD symptoms in five large datasets. Read More
J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2018 Dec 12:appineuropsych18040094. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
From the Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (GIG, AP); the Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Santé Mentale de Montréal, Département de Psychiatrie et Addictologie, Université de Montréal (MPR, SH); the Groupe de Recherche sur l'Inadaptation Sociale, Montréal (FV, RET, SH); and the School of Health Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalens University, Västerås, Sweden (PL).
Objective:: The authors aimed to elucidate the links between traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) and criminal convictions in a sample of 724 Canadian males with and without criminal records followed up to age 24.
Methods:: Prospectively collected data were analyzed to determine whether prior TBIs predicted subsequent criminal convictions after taking account of family social status (FSS) and childhood disruptive behaviors. At age 24, diagnoses of TBIs were extracted from health records and convictions from official criminal records. Read More
Adapt Phys Activ Q 2018 Dec 11:1-14. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
1 University of South Carolina.
The purpose of this study was to examine differences in motor competence, perceived motor competence (PMC), body mass index, and physical activity (PA) and to assess factors that predict PA behaviors of preschool children with and without disabilities. A total of 59 children with (n = 28) and without (n = 31) disabilities participated in the study. Results revealed that children with disabilities had significantly greater amounts of PA than peers without disabilities. Read More
Am J Perinatol 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Objective: To verify the prevalence of systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) and to identify possible early predictors of SAH at ages 2 and 4 years in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants.
Study Design: This is a prospective cohort study including inborn children with birth weight (BW) <1,500 g. Arterial blood pressure measurements were performed at 2 and 4 years. Read More
Klin Padiatr 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
General University Hospital, Paediatric Rheumatology and Autoinflammatory Diseases Unit, Praha, Czech Republic.
Epilepsy Behav 2018 Dec 8;90:148-153. Epub 2018 Dec 8.
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Health Systems, 10 Union Square East, Suite 5G, New York, NY 10003, USA. Electronic address:
Background: The complex clinical presentation and progression of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) can complicate the accurate diagnosis of this severe, lifelong, childhood-onset epilepsy, often resulting in suboptimal treatment. The Refractory Epilepsy Screening Tool for LGS (REST-LGS) was developed to improve the identification of patients with LGS.
Methods: Using the Modified Delphi Consensus, a group of experts developed and tested the REST-LGS Case Report Form (CRF) comprising 8 criteria (4 major, 4 minor) considered potentially indicative of LGS. Read More
Psychoneuroendocrinology 2018 Dec 1;102:105-113. Epub 2018 Dec 1.
Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Stichting Conrisq Groep, the Netherlands; Stichting Jeugdzorg Sint Joseph, the Netherlands; Maastricht University, the Netherlands.
Inconsistent findings have been found on the relation between oxytocin levels and psychopathy or callous-unemotional (CU) traits in humans, potentially because the role of trauma in oxytocin secretion and the distinction between primary and secondary psychopathy have been overlooked so far. Primary psychopathy has a stronger biological background, whereas secondary psychopathy mainly develops due to environmental adversity, such as childhood trauma. This study investigated the interaction effects of CU traits and childhood trauma on daily salivary oxytocin levels in 57 males living in residential youth care facilities. Read More
Environ Int 2018 Dec 8;123:224-230. Epub 2018 Dec 8.
Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, People's Republic of China. Electronic address:
Background: Thallium (Tl) exposure remains a public health problem with potential impacts on humans. Studies have suggested that prenatal exposure to thallium may be associated with fetal growth, but no studies are known have explored its association with early childhood anthropometry.
Objective: To investigate the effects of prenatal Tl exposures on early child growth and development aged 0-2 years in a prospective birth cohort study. Read More
Child Abuse Negl 2018 Dec 8;88:212-224. Epub 2018 Dec 8.
Institute of Psychology, Renmin University of China, No. 59 Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100872, China. Electronic address:
Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization is a serious public health problem in the world. It is imperative to examine risk factors for IPV victimization.
Objective: This meta-analysis aimed to explore the relationship between childhood maltreatment (CM) and IPV victimization and investigate the moderating effects of gender and marital status. Read More
Neuroimage 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.
Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Background: Adaptive emotion processing is critical for nearly all aspects of social and emotional functioning. There are distinct developmental trajectories associated with improved emotion processing, with a protracted developmental course for negative or complex emotions. The specific changes in neural circuitry that underlie this development, however are still scarcely understood. Read More
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.
Oral Health Services Research Core, Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
Introduction: Epidemiologic studies of risk and protective factors for poor oral health have mostly been among children and adults, seldom focusing on adolescents. The aims of this study were to examine whether serum cotinine, a marker of tobacco exposure, and serum vitamin D are independently associated with dental caries experience among adolescents.
Methods: Cross-sectional data from 2579 adolescent participants in the 2005-2008 National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey were analysed. Read More
Pediatr Obes 2018 Dec 10:e12486. Epub 2018 Dec 10.
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
Objective: In adults, hypothalamic gliosis has been documented using quantitative T2 neuroimaging, whereas functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has shown a defective hypothalamic response to nutrients. No studies have yet evaluated these hypothalamic abnormalities in children with obesity.
Methods: Children with obesity and lean controls underwent quantitative MRI measuring T2 relaxation time, along with continuous hypothalamic fMRI acquisition to evaluate early response to glucose ingestion. Read More
Am J Hum Biol 2018 Dec 10:e23192. Epub 2018 Dec 10.
Programa Integral de Atención a la Obesidad, Secretaria de Educación del Gobierno del Estado de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
Objectives: Genetic variation of the fat mass and obesity associated gene (FTO) has been identified as a risk factor for obesity and obesity traits. Distribution of FTO single nutleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs1421085T>C, rs9939609T>A, rs8057044G>A and copy number variation (CNV) was evaluated in association with childhood obesity or overweight status in children with Mayan ethnicity.
Methods: We included 318 school-aged children with obesity or overweight status (body mass index [BMI]: >85th percentile) and 303 children with normal weight (BMI: 15th-85th percentile). Read More
Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.
University of Pittsburgh, Medical Center Department of Psychiatry.
Background: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is associated with greater heavy alcohol use and depressive symptoms in adulthood. Yet, few studies have investigated whether childhood ADHD predicts an increased association between heavy drinking and depression in adulthood when this co-occurrence becomes more common. We examined associations among heavy alcohol use and depression longitudinally from ages 21 to 29 and whether these associations differed for those with or without childhood ADHD, as well as for those with or without persistent ADHD in adulthood. Read More
Early Interv Psychiatry 2018 Dec 9. Epub 2018 Dec 9.
Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Aim: Despite recommendations from national guidelines, individuals with first episode psychosis (FEP) are currently unlikely to have the effects of their traumatic experiences assessed and treated within psychosis treatment. This may be due to the mismatch between the objectives of trauma-specific treatments (directly targeting post-traumatic stress symptoms by talking about the trauma) and trauma-informed care (limiting practices that may retraumatise clients). We aimed to gain an understanding of what it was like for young people to talk about trauma in FEP treatment, and how their experiences related to the broad conceptualisations of trauma-informed and trauma-specific treatment approaches. Read More