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Pediatr Blood Cancer 2019 Apr 17:e27749. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Pediatric Onco-Haematology, Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Division, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy.

JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.

The goal of the 2018 American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) Research Workshop was to explore the influence of nutrition and dietary exposure to xenobiotics on the epigenome during critical periods in development and how these exposures influence both disease incidence and severity transgenerationally. A growing compendium of research indicates that the incidence and severity of common and costly human diseases may be influenced by dietary exposures and deficiencies that modify the epigenome. The greatest periods of vulnerability to these exposures are the periconception period and early childhood. Read More

Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Institute of Environmental Medicine, Unit of Epidemiology, Karolinska Institute.

Background: Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection was recently identified as a risk factor for childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia by detecting the presence of CMV sequences in neonatal blood spots. In the current study, we asked whether clinically apparent CMV infection could be identified prior to hematological malignancy, using high quality Swedish population-based registries.

Methods: CMV infection was identified with appropriate ICD-9 or ICD-10 codes in the Patient and Medical Birth Registries, and childhood malignancies below the age of 15 were identified in the Cancer Registry, among 2,782,507 children born in Sweden 1987 to 2014. Read More

J Cancer Surviv 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

National Advisory Unit on Late Effects after Cancer Treatment, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, PO 4953, Nydalen, NO-0424, Oslo, Norway.

Purpose: Declining response rates threaten the generalizability of health surveys. We investigate (1) the effect of item order on response rate; (2) characteristics of early , late and non-responders; and (3) potential non-response bias in a population-based health survey of childhood, adolescent and young adult cancer survivors (CAYACS).

Methods: We mailed a questionnaire survey to 5361 eligible CAYACS identified by the Cancer Registry of Norway (CRN), representing a range of cancer diagnoses. Read More

Epidemiology 2019 Apr 5. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Cancer Research UK Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Medicine, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Roosevelt Drive, OX3 7LF, UK. Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK

Int J Cancer 2019 Apr 13. Epub 2019 Apr 13.

Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.

Perinatal factors have been associated with soft tissue sarcomas (STS) in case-control studies. However, (1) the contributions of factors including fetal growth remain unknown, (2) these factors have not been examined in cohort studies, and (3) few assessments have evaluated risk in specific STS subtypes. We sought to identify the role of perinatal and familial factors on the risk of STS in a large population-based birth cohort. Read More

Int J Cancer Clin Res 2019 25;6(1). Epub 2019 Feb 25.

Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, USA.

Introduction: Advances in treatments for Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) have significantly increased survival of childhood and adult patients; however, the leading cause of death in HL survivors is due to secondary malignancy following HL treatment [1,2]. Among women treated for HL, breast cancer (BC) is the most common secondary malignancy [3]. We explored if an association exists between HL and BC exists within families. Read More

BMC Pediatr 2019 Apr 10;19(1):103. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, CNR 3rd floor, 1518 Clifton Road, NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.

Background: Obesity is a major public health concern in the United States and should be addressed as early as possible, in childhood. Disparities exist in obesity prevalence and its associated comorbidities by racial/ethnic group, however less is known about the smaller racial/ethnic subclasses that are often aggregated and assumed to be homogeneously at risk. As the racial and ethnic composition of the US shifts towards greater diversity, it is important that epidemiologic research addresses these new challenges. Read More

Nord J Psychiatry 2019 Feb 9;73(2):132-140. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

t Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Medical Faculty , Trakya University , Edirne , Turkey.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of childhood psychopathologies in Turkey.

Method: A nation-wide, randomly selected, representative population of 5830 children (6-13 years-old) enrolled as a 2nd,3rd or 4th grade student in 30 cities were evaluated for presence of a psychiatric or mental disorder by a Sociodemographic Form, Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL), and DSM-IV-Based Screening Scale for Disruptive Behavior Disorders in Children and Adolescents scales. Impairment criterion was assessed via a 3 point-Likert scale by the parent and the teacher independently. Read More

J Invest Dermatol 2019 Apr 5. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN.

Because rates of skin cancer are greater among adult survivors of childhood cancer who received radiation therapy than the general population, the National Cancer Institute recommends skin self-examinations and annual physician examination. There has been no comprehensive assessment of survivor's adherence with skin cancer screening guidelines associated with skin self-examination (SSE) and physician whole-body skin examination (PSE). We conducted a cross-sectional survey of radiation-treated, adult five-year survivors of childhood cancer, diagnosed between 1970-1986, in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS) cohort. Read More

Obesity (Silver Spring) 2019 May 5;27(5):855-865. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze how parental education modifies the genetic and environmental variances of BMI from infancy to old age in three geographic-cultural regions.

Methods: A pooled sample of 29 cohorts including 143,499 twin individuals with information on parental education and BMI from age 1 to 79 years (299,201 BMI measures) was analyzed by genetic twin modeling.

Results: Until 4 years of age, parental education was not consistently associated with BMI. Read More

Stud Health Technol Inform 2019 ;258:247-248

Center for Information Management, Hannover Medical School, Hannover.

The Logical Observation Identifiers, Names and Codes (LOINC) is a common terminology used for standardizing laboratory terms. Within the HiGHmed consortium, LOINC is used as a central terminology for health data sharing across all university hospital sites. Therefore, linking the LOINC codes to the site-specific tests and measures is one crucial step to reach this goal. Read More

JAMA Pediatr 2019 Apr 1:e190392. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing.

Importance: In vitro fertilization (IVF) is associated with birth defects and imprinting disorders. Because these conditions are associated with an increased risk of childhood cancer, many of which originate in utero, descriptions of cancers among children conceived via IVF are imperative.

Objective: To compare the incidence of childhood cancers among children conceived in vitro with those conceived naturally. Read More

Int J Epidemiol 2019 Mar 30. Epub 2019 Mar 30.

Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Background: Despite advances in life expectancy, low socioeconomic status is associated with a shorter lifespan. This study was conducted to investigate socioeconomic differences in mortality by comparing preventable with non-preventable causes of death in 39 506 participants from the Swedish Twin Registry born before 1935.

Methods: Childhood social class, own education, own social class and social mobility were used as separate indicators of socioeconomic status. Read More

Environ Res 2019 Mar 19;173:212-220. Epub 2019 Mar 19.

Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Electronic address:

Studies of environmental exposures and childhood cancers that rely on records often only use maternal address at birth or address at cancer diagnosis to assess exposures in early childhood, possibly leading to exposure misclassification and questionable validity due to residential mobility during early childhood. Our objective was to assess patterns and identify factors that may predict residential mobility in early childhood, and examine the impact of mobility on early childhood exposure assessment for agriculturally applied pesticides and childhood cancers in California. We obtained the addresses at diagnosis of all childhood cancer cases born in 1998-2011 and diagnosed at 0-5 years of age (n = 6478) from the California Cancer Registry (CCR), and their birth addresses from linked birth certificates. Read More

J Affect Disord 2019 Mar 19;251:170-179. Epub 2019 Mar 19.

Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Area de Fisiologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.

Backgrounds And Aim: The association between trajectories of body-shape from early childhood to early adulthood (first 40 years of life) and subsequent depression risk has not been explored before. We assessed this association in a prospective cohort of university graduates.

Methods: We used a group-based modeling approach to assess the body shape trajectories from age 5 to 40 years, among 3888 women and 4124 men of the "Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra" (SUN) cohort study. Read More

JAMA Oncol 2019 Mar 28. Epub 2019 Mar 28.

Department of Pediatric Oncology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Importance: Survivors of childhood cancer (CCSs) face risk of developing subsequent tumors. Solid benign tumors may be cancer precursors; benign tumors and cancers may share etiologic factors. However, comprehensive data on the risk for solid benign tumors are lacking. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019 Mar 26;16(6). Epub 2019 Mar 26.

Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.

Some chemotherapies that treat childhood cancers have pulmonary-toxic properties that increase risk for adverse respiratory-health outcomes. PM causes similar outcomes but its effect among pulmonary compromised cancer survivors is unknown. This case-crossover study identified the PM-associated odds for primary-respiratory hospitalizations and emergency department visits among childhood cancer survivors in Utah. Read More

Sci Rep 2019 Mar 25;9(1):5053. Epub 2019 Mar 25.

Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Interdisciplinary Obesity Unit, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89081, Ulm, Germany.

Childhood obesity prevalence is rising in countries worldwide. A variety of etiologic factors contribute to childhood obesity but little is known about underlying biochemical mechanisms. We performed an individual participant meta-analysis including 1,020 pre-pubertal children from three European studies and investigated the associations of 285 metabolites measured by LC/MS-MS with BMI z-score, height, weight, HOMA, and lipoprotein concentrations. Read More

J Invest Dermatol 2019 Mar 22. Epub 2019 Mar 22.

Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN USA; School of Public Health, University of Alberta, AB, Canada.

Cancer Lett 2019 Jun 20;452:71-78. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; Center for Integrative Research on Childhood Leukemia and the Environment, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. Electronic address:

Early-life exposures are believed to influence the incidence of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Archived neonatal blood spots (NBS), collected within the first days of life, offer a means to investigate small molecules that reflect early-life exposures. Using untargeted metabolomics, we compared abundances of small-molecule features in extracts of NBS punches from 332 children that later developed ALL and 324 healthy controls. Read More

Rev Med Liege 2019 Mar;74(3):146-151

Service d'Hémato-Oncopédiatrie, CHU Liège, Belgique.

Cancer is the second leading cause of death among children aged 5 to 14, after accidents. We conducted a study on the epidemiology of childhood cancer in the university pediatric oncology department of the CHU-CHR in Liège, Belgium. We studied a cohort of 662 patients between the ages of 0 and 17 whose malignancy diagnosis was made between 1985 and 2016. Read More

J Palliat Med 2019 Mar 20. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

3 Department of Health Care Sciences, Palliative Research Centre, Ersta Sköndal Bräcke University College, Stockholm, Sweden.

Background: Young adults represent a minority in research; they are often considered too young or too old for participation. There is sparse information, especially in bereavement research, regarding how this age group perceives research participation and what they consider beneficial or harmful.

Aim: To explore how parentally bereaved and nonbereaved young adults perceive research participation. Read More

Addiction 2019 Mar 19. Epub 2019 Mar 19.

UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.

Background And Aims: Despite a wealth of literature, the relationship between anxiety and alcohol use remains unclear. We examined whether (a) child and adolescent anxiety is positively or negatively associated with later alcohol use and disorders and (b) study characteristics explain inconsistencies in findings.

Design And Setting: We conducted a systematic review of 51 prospective cohort studies from 11 countries. Read More

JMIR Res Protoc 2019 Mar 19;8(3):e11868. Epub 2019 Mar 19.

Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands.

Background: Survival rates after childhood cancer now reach nearly 80% in developed countries. However, treatments that lead to survival and cure can cause serious adverse effects with lifelong negative impacts on survivor quality of life. Hearing impairment is a common adverse effect in children treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy or cranial radiotherapy. Read More

Lancet Child Adolesc Health 2019 May 16;3(5):322-331. Epub 2019 Mar 16.

Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK; Cancer Genetics Unit, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. Electronic address:

Background: Wilms tumour is the most common childhood renal cancer and is genetically heterogeneous. While several Wilms tumour predisposition genes have been identified, there is strong evidence that further predisposition genes are likely to exist. Our study aim was to identify new predisposition genes for Wilms tumour. Read More

Lancet Child Adolesc Health 2019 May 12;3(5):332-342. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

Molecular and Pharmaco-Epidemiology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy. Electronic address:

Background: Germline variants in the melanocortin 1 receptor gene (MC1R) might increase the risk of childhood and adolescent melanoma, but a clear conclusion is challenging because of the low number of studies and cases. We assessed the association of MC1R variants with childhood and adolescent melanoma in a large study comparing the prevalence of MC1R variants in child or adolescent patients with melanoma to that in adult patients with melanoma and in healthy adult controls.

Methods: In this retrospective pooled analysis, we used the M-SKIP Project, the Italian Melanoma Intergroup, and other European groups (with participants from Australia, Canada, France, Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, Serbia, Spain, Sweden, Turkey, and the USA) to assemble an international multicentre cohort. Read More

Arch Toxicol 2019 Mar 11. Epub 2019 Mar 11.

Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635, Athens, Greece.

The factors underlying the increasing rates and the geographic variation of childhood cancers are largely unknown. Epidemiological studies provide limited evidence for a possible role in the etiology of certain types of childhood cancer of the exposure of pregnant women to environmental carcinogens (e.g. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019 03 11;3:CD008944. Epub 2019 Mar 11.

Department of Pediatrics, Division of Oncology/Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 1081 HV.

Background: Improvements in diagnostics and treatment for paediatric malignancies resulted in a major increase in survival. However, childhood cancer survivors (CCS) are at risk of developing adverse effects caused by multimodal treatment for their malignancy. Nephrotoxicity is a known side effect of several treatments, including cisplatin, carboplatin, ifosfamide, radiotherapy and nephrectomy, and can cause glomerular filtration rate (GFR) impairment, proteinuria, tubulopathy, and hypertension. Read More

Surg Oncol 2019 Mar 4;28:214-221. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

Division of Orthopaedic Oncology, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. Electronic address:

Several treatment regimens for childhood malignancies have been associated with the development of osteonecrosis, including radiation therapy, glucocorticoid medications, immunotherapy (including anti-angiogenic agents), and several chemotherapeutic agents. Adolescents older than 10 years are at greatest risk of developing osteonecrosis within 1 year of initiating therapy. Screening with magnetic resonance imaging in this high-risk population may be a useful method for detecting osteonecrosis. Read More

JAMA Oncol 2019 Mar 7. Epub 2019 Mar 7.

Survivorship Unit, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Importance: Long-term health effects of cancer in adult survivors are a major concern; however, it is difficult to differentiate between the consequences of cancer and cancer treatment and those of normal aging or comorbidity.

Objectives: To provide an overview and investigate the temporal pattern of hospitalizations for medically verified incident somatic disease in adult survivors compared with cancer-free comparison people, taking into consideration pretreatment comorbidity and the socioeconomic position of the participants.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In this nationwide, population-based cohort-cohort study, 458 646 survivors of the 12 most frequent first primary cancers listed in the Danish Cancer Registry between January 1, 1997, and December 31, 2014, and 2 121 567 matched cancer-free comparison people were identified from the Danish Central Population Registry. Read More

Anticancer Res 2019 Mar;39(3):1185-1190

Department of Physiology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.

Background/aim: The association of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) genotypes with adult leukemia has been reported only once, but never for childhood leukemia. This study aimed to determine the role of MMP-2 promoter -1306 (rs243865) and -735 (rs2285053) genotypes in childhood leukemia risk.

Materials And Methods: This case-control study included 266 patients and 266 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Read More

Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2019 Mar 6. Epub 2019 Mar 6.

Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.

The relative contribution of childhood and pubertal body mass index (BMI) for the risk of adult colorectal cancer is not known. The aim of this study was to evaluate the independent associations for childhood BMI and pubertal BMI change with risk of colorectal cancer in men. We included 37,663 men born in 1946 to 1961 who had weight and height measured at 8 (childhood) and 20 (young adult age) years of age available from the BMI Epidemiology Study. Read More

Am J Epidemiol 2019 Mar 5. Epub 2019 Mar 5.

State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

We aimed to investigate the differences in cancer incidence between boys and girls. The incidence data for pediatric cancer were retrieved from the International Incidence of Childhood Cancer. Poisson regression was applied to detect the gender differences in cancer incidence at global and regional levels. Read More

Cancer Epidemiol 2019 Apr 1;59:208-214. Epub 2019 Mar 1.

Cancer Council Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia; Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. Electronic address:

Background: Stage of cancer at diagnosis is one of the strongest predictors of survival and is essential for population cancer surveillance, comparison of cancer outcomes and to guide national cancer control strategies. Our aim was to describe, for the first time, the distribution of cases by stage at diagnosis and differences in stage-specific survival on a population basis for a range of childhood solid cancers in Australia.

Methods: The study cohort was drawn from the population-based Australian Childhood Cancer Registry and comprised children (<15 years) diagnosed with one of 12 solid malignancies between 2006 and 2014. Read More

Med Confl Surviv 2019 Mar 1:1-27. Epub 2019 Mar 1.

a Medact , London , UK.

Increased incidences of childhood acute leukaemia were noted among survivors of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. In Western societies, Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia has a distinct epidemiology peaking at 3 years old. Exposure to ionising radiation is an established hazard but it is difficult to gauge the precise risk of less than 100 mSv. Read More

Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2019 Mar 11;135:1-7. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

Department of Pediatric Oncology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Erasmus MC - Sophia Children's Hospital, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Background: Tinnitus can occur during and after treatment for childhood cancer. Studies on the occurrence of, and risk factors for tinnitus during and after childhood cancer treatment are scarce. The aim of this study is to get insight into the frequency and risk factors of tinnitus during and after childhood cancer therapy, based on a review of all previously reported literature. Read More

Cancer Epidemiol 2019 Apr 26;59:178-184. Epub 2019 Feb 26.

Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address:

Background: The childhood peak of brain tumors suggests that early-life exposures might have a role in their etiology. Hence, we examined in the Greek National Registry for Childhood Hematological Malignancies and Solid tumors (NARECHEM-ST) whether perinatal and early-life risk factors influence the risk of childhood brain tumors.

Methods: In a nationwide case-control study, we included 203 cases (0-14 years) with a diagnosis of brain tumor in NARECHEM-ST (2010-2016) and 406 age-, sex-, and center-matched hospital controls. Read More

Psychooncology 2019 Apr 14;28(4):903-912. Epub 2019 Mar 14.

Department of Psychology and Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.

Objective: Sleep disorders are associated with psychological and physical health, although reports in long-term survivors of childhood cancer are limited. We characterized the prevalence and risk factors for behaviors consistent with sleep disorders in survivors and examined longitudinal associations with emotional distress and physical health outcomes.

Methods: Survivors (n = 1933; median [IQR] age = 35 [30, 41]) and siblings (n = 380; age = 33 [27, 40]) from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study completed measures of sleep quality, fatigue, and sleepiness. Read More

Pediatr Blood Cancer 2019 Jun 28;66(6):e27620. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.

Background: The male excess in childhood cancer incidence is well-established; however, the underlying biologic mechanisms remain unknown. Examining the association between male sex and childhood cancer by single year of age and tumor type may highlight important periods of risk such as variation in growth and hormonal changes, which will inform etiologic hypotheses.

Methods: Using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 18 registries (2000-2015), incidence rate ratios (IRR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated as the measure of association between male sex and childhood cancer by single year of age (0-19). Read More

Pediatr Blood Cancer 2019 Jun 28;66(6):e27668. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.

Adolescents and young adults (AYA) with cancer are an understudied group. Much of what is known about long-term outcomes after AYA cancer has been derived from cohorts of childhood cancer survivors, which seldom include patients at the older end of the AYA age spectrum. In general, AYA cancer survivors have a lower risk for premature mortality, subsequent primary neoplasms and chronic health conditions than childhood cancer survivors. Read More

Br J Cancer 2019 Apr 28;120(7):754-760. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD, USA.

Background: Although the photosensitising effects of oestrogens may increase the impact of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on melanoma risk, few prospective studies have comprehensively assessed the association between oestrogen-related factors and melanoma.

Methods: We examined the associations between reproductive factors, exogenous oestrogen use and first primary invasive melanoma among 167 503 non-Hispanic white, postmenopausal women in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. Satellite-based ambient UVR estimates were linked to geocoded residential locations of participants at study baseline. Read More

Nat Rev Endocrinol 2019 Feb 27. Epub 2019 Feb 27.

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.

Osteoporosis, a condition of skeletal decline that undermines quality of life, is treated with pharmacological interventions that are associated with poor adherence and adverse effects. Complicating efforts to improve clinical outcomes, the incidence of obesity is increasing, predisposing the population to a range of musculoskeletal complications and metabolic disorders. Pharmacological management of obesity has yet to deliver notable reductions in weight and debilitating complications are rarely avoided. Read More

Occup Environ Med 2019 Feb 25. Epub 2019 Feb 25.

Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.

Objective: To examine the risk of malignant mesothelioma (MM) in former pupils who attended primary school near an asbestos cement plant.

Methods: A cohort of 12 111 former pupils, born 1940-1970, was established from individual historical records from four primary schools located at a distance of 100-750 m in the prevailing wind direction from an asbestos cement plant operating from 1928 to 1984 in Aalborg, Denmark. The school cohort and a comparison cohort consisting of 108 987 gender and 5-year frequency-matched subjects were followed up (2015) for MM in the Danish Cancer Registry. Read More

Pediatr Dermatol 2019 Mar 22;36(2):219-222. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Hospital, Aurora, Colorado.

Background: Melanoma is a rare diagnosis in the pediatric population. Differences in incidence, presentation, and survival distinguish pediatric melanoma from adult melanoma. In order to improve our understanding of pediatric melanoma, our case series investigates differences in incidence, age of onset, and anatomic site between male and female pediatric melanoma patients in Colorado between 1988 and 2015. Read More

Am J Med Genet A 2019 Apr 21;179(4):588-594. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

Department of Clinical Genetics, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom.

Overgrowth-intellectual disability (OGID) syndromes are characterized by increased growth (height and/or head circumference ≥+2 SD) in association with an intellectual disability. Constitutive EED variants have previously been reported in five individuals with an OGID syndrome, eponymously designated Cohen-Gibson syndrome and resembling Weaver syndrome. Here, we report three additional individuals with constitutive EED variants, identified through exome sequencing of an OGID patient series. Read More

Neuro Oncol 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University Children's Hospital Bonn, Germany.

Background: With rising numbers of childhood cancer survivors, somatic and socio-economic outcome as well as the health-related quality of life (QoL) gain increasing relevance. Based on the first nationwide German Survey on Life Situation, State of Health and Quality of Life of Childhood Cancer Survivors, the VIVE-survey, we report the outcome of survivors of childhood brain tumors (BTS) localized in the posterior fossa.

Methods: 270 participants with a median follow-up period of 21. Read More

Int J Cancer 2019 Feb 20. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.

While overweight among adults has been linked with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) risk, little is known about the potential influence of overweight and obesity during adolescence. To ascertain if adolescent body mass index is associated with subsequent risk of RCC, we identified a cohort of 238,788 Swedish men who underwent mandatory military conscription assessment between 1969 and 1976 at a mean age of 18.5 years. Read More

Eur J Cancer 2019 Mar 19;110:120-126. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Department of Epidemiological Research and Molecular Medicine, Evaluative Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Italy. Electronic address:

Although all tumours are rare in childhood, there are some particularly rare paediatric cancers which have not benefited from advances made by the international paediatric oncology network. To establish a shared definition and produce a list of these entities, the European Union Joint Action on Rare Cancers (JARC) promoted a consensus effort. The definition was based on the incidence rates estimated using the information network on rare cancers (RARECAREnet) database, pooling data from 94 population-based cancer registries and 27 countries. Read More

Cancer Epidemiol 2019 Apr 15;59:166-172. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China. Electronic address:

Background: Exposure to energy restriction during childhood is associated with a lower risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC). To date, the association between this critical period of growth and prognosis of CRC has rarely been investigated. Changes in microbiota and epigenetic dysregulation may be key underlying mechanisms. Read More