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Explore (NY) 2022 May 2. Epub 2022 May 2.

Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Firoozgar Clinical Research Development Center (FCRDC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address:

Background: Oral mucositis is one of the most frequent and challenging side effects of chemotherapy. At present, none of the guidelines recommend the use of various mouthwashes available for the treatment of oral mucositis.

Methods: This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of curcumin, mucosamin, and chlorhexidine in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis. Read More

Oral Dis 2022 Apr 23. Epub 2022 Apr 23.

Hematology/Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.

Objectives: Evaluation of the effectiveness of Photobiomodulation(PBM) for chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis (OM) in leukemic children.

Materials And Methods: A randomized controlled clinical study including forty-four leukemic children diagnosed with chemotherapy-induced OM at the Hematology/Oncology inpatient unit at Alexandria University Children's Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt. Patients were randomly assigned to either the control or test groups with a 1:1 ratio. Read More

BMC Cancer 2022 Apr 22;22(1):442. Epub 2022 Apr 22.

Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences and Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Background: Oral mucositis (OM) is known to be the most common and challenging side effect of conditioning chemotherapy in haematopoietic cell transplant (HCT). This side effect causes significant morbidity and may delay the treatment plan, as well as increase therapeutic expenses. There are few clinical trials in the literature that indicate any kind of treatment or prevention methods are effective. Read More

Pathogens 2022 Apr 7;11(4). Epub 2022 Apr 7.

UOSD di Oncologia Pediatrica, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Argo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy.

The human oral cavity harbors the second most abundant microbiota after the gastrointestinal tract, with over 700 species currently identified in the oral microflora. The oral microbiota develops from intrauterine life and after birth is continuously shaped by several influencing factors. The perturbation of the diversity and proportions of species within the oral microbiota leads to dysbiosis and associated increased risk of local and systemic diseases. Read More

Front Pharmacol 2022 28;13:812085. Epub 2022 Mar 28.

Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China.

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis can affect cancer patients' quality of life, even necessitate cancer therapy and influence prognosis. Chinese patent medicines (CPMs) have been widely used as complementary alternative medicines for the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis, and their efficacy and safety require further evaluation. Therefore, this study was conducted to provide references for clinical practice. Read More

Eur J Pharm Sci 2022 Jun 9;173:106182. Epub 2022 Apr 9.

School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, No.140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China. Electronic address:

Metformin (Met) is a first-line and essential treatment for type 2 diabetes, with anti-inflammatory effects. It has been reported Met could inhibit NF-κB activity and down-regulate the release of inflammatory factors. However, whether Met has a protective effect on chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis(CIOM) is unknown. Read More

Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022 Apr;57(4):436-440

Department of Oral Medicine, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China.

BMC Complement Med Ther 2022 Apr 2;22(1):97. Epub 2022 Apr 2.

Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, National Research Center in Complementary and Alternative Medicine, NAFKAM, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway.

Background: Dealing with the symptom burden of cancer diagnosis and treatment has led parents to seek different self-management strategies including Alternative and Complementary Medicine (CAM). The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis about the use and effect of CAM modalities to treat adverse effects of conventional cancer treatment among children and young adults.

Methods: Six scientific research databases were used to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from 1990 to September 2020. Read More

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2022 18;2022:6906439. Epub 2022 Mar 18.

State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases &Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Background: As a common side effect of radio/chemotherapy, oral mucositis severely affects patients' quality of life. Honey has been recommended for adults with radio/chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis (R/CIOM), but its effect for pediatric patients has not been systematically evaluated. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to illuminate whether honey is effective in treating pediatric R/CIOM. Read More

Front Nutr 2022 28;9:823288. Epub 2022 Feb 28.

Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.

Background: Chemotherapy generally causes serious diarrhea and oral mucositis in cancer patients, and subsequently affects treatment. Oral administration of probiotics provides a therapeutic choice to address these limitations. This study aims to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the efficacy of oral probiotic use in the management of the chemotherapy-induced adverse reactions, and to summarize the mechanisms underlying the action. Read More

Eur J Pharmacol 2022 Mar 10;919:174810. Epub 2022 Feb 10.

School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, No.101 Longmian Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000, PR China. Electronic address:

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced oral mucositis has a severe negative impact on the patient's quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in the occurrence of 5-FU-induced oral mucositis in vivo and in the clinic. In vivo, 5-FU-induced oral mucositis model mice showed a higher level of glucose-regulated protein 78 kD (GRP78, a marker of ERS) than control mice. Read More

Front Pharmacol 2021 18;12:695039. Epub 2022 Jan 18.

Department of Pain Control Research, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Several clinical studies have reported that Japanese herbal medicine Hangeshashinto (HST) has beneficial effects on chemotherapy-induced oral ulcerative mucositis (OUM). Our previous research demonstrated that HST improves chemotherapy-induced OUM through human oral keratinocyte (HOK) migration, which was suppressed by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) inhibitors. However, the association between these molecules and HOK migration was unclear. Read More

Immunology 2022 03 10;165(3):355-368. Epub 2022 Jan 10.

Laboratory of Microorganism-Host Interaction, Department of Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.

Mucositis is a major clinical complication associated with cancer treatment and may limit the benefit of chemotherapy. Leukocytes and inflammatory mediators have been extensively associated with mucositis severity. However, the role of eosinophils in the pathophysiology of chemotherapy-induced mucositis remains to be elucidated. Read More

Chin J Nat Med 2021 Dec;19(12):930-943

Engineering Laboratory for Digital Telemedicine Service, The first Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China. Electronic address:

Oral mucositis (OM) caused by cancer therapy is the most common adverse reaction in the radiotherapy of head and neck tumors. In severe cases, it can lead to the interruption of treatment, which affects the control of the disease and the quality of life. Shuanghua Baihe Tablet (SBT) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, which is administerd to treat OM in China. Read More

J Clin Med 2021 Dec 10;10(24). Epub 2021 Dec 10.

4th Department of Internal Medicine-Hematology, University Hospital in Hradec Králové, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.

Background: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) can induce serious oral complications, including oral mucositis (OM). The presence of periodontal inflammation before HSCT is believed to be associated with OM. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence and severity of OM in patients undergoing HSCT and its relation to periodontal status. Read More

Nutr Cancer 2021 Dec 17:1-24. Epub 2021 Dec 17.

Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Hematology and Internal Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany.

The term vitamin E describes tocopherols and tocotrienols, whose chemical variations result in different biological activities including antioxidants. Neuroprotective effects of alpha-tocopherol against different toxins are assumed, therefore, it is discussed as a possible protective factor for adverse effects in cancer treatment. In July 2020, a systematic search was conducted searching five databases (Embase, Cochrane, PsychInfo, Cinahl, Medline) to find studies concerning the impact of α-tocopherol application and its potential harm on cancer patients. Read More

Eur J Oncol Nurs 2022 Feb 20;56:102066. Epub 2021 Nov 20.

Healthcare ICT Research Center, Office of eHealth Research and Businesses, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro, 173 Beon-gil, Gumi-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Purpose: Chemotherapy-induced adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are common and diverse, and not only affect changes or interruptions to treatment schedules, but also negatively affect the patient's quality of life. This study aimed to predict eight chemotherapy-induced ADRs based on electronic health records (EHR) data using machine-learning algorithms.

Methods: We used EHR data of 6812 chemotherapy cycles for 935 adult patients receiving four different chemotherapy regimens (FOLFOX, 5-fluorouracil + oxaliplatin + leucovorin; FOLFIRI, 5-fluorouracil + irinotecan + leucovorin; paclitaxel; and GP, gemcitabine + cisplatin) at a tertiary teaching hospital between January 2015 and June 2016. Read More

Biomater Sci 2021 Dec 21;10(1):227-242. Epub 2021 Dec 21.

Department of pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China.

The self-healing of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis is difficult in practice because of both local bacterial infection and severe inflammation. Herein, mucoadhesive hydrogels (PPP_E) were successfully prepared by using temperature-sensitive PLGA-PEG-PLGA (PPP) as a matrix and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) with inherent antibacterial activity as an adhesion enhancer. A series of PPP_E precursor solutions with various EGCG concentrations (1%, 2% and 5%) were prepared by fixing the PPP concentration at 25%. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2021 Nov 12;22(22). Epub 2021 Nov 12.

Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.

Human saliva is a complex body fluid with more than 3000 different identified proteins. Besides rheological and lubricating properties, saliva supports wound healing and acts as an antimicrobial barrier. TFF peptides are secreted from the mucous acini of the major and minor salivary glands and are typical constituents of normal saliva; TFF3 being the predominant peptide compared with TFF1 and TFF2. Read More

Support Care Cancer 2022 Mar 19;30(3):2569-2580. Epub 2021 Nov 19.

Department of Dental Clinic, Division of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Monsenhor Furtado, S/N - Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-355, Brazil.

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of photobiomodulation (PBMT) in preventing dysgeusia in breast cancer patients treated with doxorubicin-cyclophosphamide (AC).

Methods: This is a phase II, randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial involving 112 breast cancer patients treated with AC. The patients were divided equally into two groups: a test group treated with 2 J red laser and 3 J infrared laser on 21 points that were symmetrically distributed on the tongue on day 0 of four cycles of AC, and an equal placebo group treated with simulated PBMT to blind the patient, evaluator, and statistician. Read More

Paediatr Anaesth 2022 Jan 11;32(1):17-34. Epub 2021 Nov 11.

Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.

Background: Chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis can result in severe pain. Intravenous (IV) opioids are recommended, but management protocols vary. We systematically reviewed studies reporting IV opioid use for pain related to chemotherapy-induced severe oral mucositis in children and conducted a large single-center case series. Read More

Bone Marrow Transplant 2022 Feb 3;57(2):191-197. Epub 2021 Nov 3.

Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Cryoprevention (CP) using ice (IC) is an effective strategy to prevent chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis (OM). However, the use of IC may cause adverse reactions and requires water of safe quality to minimize risk of serious infections. This randomized, blinded, parallel group, phase 3 trial was conducted in five Scandinavian centers. Read More

BMJ Support Palliat Care 2021 Oct 14. Epub 2021 Oct 14.

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Objectives: Indigo naturalis, a herbal medicine effective against ulcerative colitis, exhibits anti-inflammatory effects and induces interleukin-22-mediated antimicrobial peptide production. Anti-inflammatory activity and the prevention of secondary infection are essential for the management of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis (CIOM); therefore, we developed an indigo naturalis ointment to be administered topically for CIOM and evaluated its feasibility.

Methods: We performed a single-centre, open-label, prospective feasibility study from March 2017 to December 2018. Read More

Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol 2021 15;13(4):110-116. Epub 2021 Aug 15.

School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science Tehran, Iran.

Background: Chemotherapy induced oral mucositis is a common problem among patients with cancer. Different therapeutic agents have been evaluated to prevent or treat the disease. Here we aimed to compare therapeutic effects of atorvastatin and aloe vera mouthwash on chemotherapy induced oral mucositis. Read More

Ann Maxillofac Surg 2021 Jan-Jun;11(1):86-90. Epub 2021 Jul 24.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.

Introduction: Due to the development of newly developed anticancer drugs, oral dysesthesia and toothache other than conventional oral mucositis, dry mouth, and dysgeusia are increasing among oral adverse events. The objective of this study was to assess the characteristics of chemotherapy-induced oral dysesthesia and toothache.

Materials And Methods: Subjects were patients referred to the oral surgery clinic for oral adverse events related to cancer chemotherapy and with an observation period of more than 1 month after the last course of chemotherapy. Read More

BMC Complement Med Ther 2021 Sep 14;21(1):232. Epub 2021 Sep 14.

Dental sciences research center, School of dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.

Background: One of the most prevalent complications of chemotherapy and radiotherapy is oral mucositis (OM) and manifests as erythema and ulceration. Curcumin is one of the components of turmeric and possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative features. Some of studies have proved the effectiveness of Curcumin in OM. Read More

Int J Med Inform 2021 10 27;154:104563. Epub 2021 Aug 27.

University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA 01854, USA. Electronic address:

Objective: Ulcerative mucositis (UM) is a devastating complication of most cancer therapies with less recognized risk factors. Whilst risk predictions are most vital in adverse events, we utilized Machine learning (ML) approaches for predicting chemotherapy-induced UM.

Methods: We utilized 2017 National Inpatient Sample database to identify discharges with antineoplastic chemotherapy-induced UM among those received chemotherapy as part of their cancer treatment. Read More

Curr Oncol 2021 07 29;28(4):2852-2867. Epub 2021 Jul 29.

Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia.

Background: This review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of oral cryotherapy in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis using meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis, as well as to assess the quality of the results by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.

Methods: A comprehensive search of three databases including Medline, Embase and Central was performed to identify randomized controlled trials that used oral cryotherapy for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis. The primary outcome was the incidence of oral mucositis for trials employing oral cryotherapy as the intervention for the prevention of oral mucositis. Read More

Curr Opin Support Palliat Care 2021 09;15(3):188-196

Department of Hematology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.

Purpose Of Review: There is still an unmet need for preventive and treatment strategies for chemotherapy-induced and radiotherapy-induced mucositis and its associated systemic inflammatory response (SIR) in cancer patients. Because of citrulline depletion due to cytotoxic therapy, nitric oxide (NO) production can be reduced, limiting its effect in many physiological processes. Restoring NO production could relieve mucositis severity by supporting host damage control mechanisms. Read More

Clin Oral Investig 2022 Feb 6;26(2):1323-1332. Epub 2021 Aug 6.

Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA.

Objectives: To evaluate the association and risk factors of healthcare-associated infection (HAI) and burden of illness among chemotherapy-induced ulcerative mucositis (UM) patients.

Methods: For this research, US National Inpatient Sample database 2017 was utilized to study UM patients. The association of healthcare-associated infection-related burden of illness among UM patients was assessed on the outcome--length of hospital stays (LOS), total charges, in-hospital mortality, and discharge disposition. Read More