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Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2019 Apr 9:1-4. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

e Department of Ophthalmology , The Calcutta Medical Research Institute , Kolkata , India.

J Vis Exp 2019 Mar 23(145). Epub 2019 Mar 23.

Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center;

Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), a free-living nematode, has emerged as an attractive model to study host-pathogen interactions. The presented protocol uses this model to determine the pathogenicity caused by the mitis group streptococci via the production of H2O2. Read More

Saudi J Ophthalmol 2019 Jan-Mar;33(1):109-111. Epub 2018 Jul 25.

Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Ophthalmology Department, King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia.

We present a rare case of infected pyogenic conjunctival granuloma mimicking a conjunctival abscess as complication of strabismus surgery in a Saudi girl with exotropia. Despite administration of local antibiotics following strabismus surgery, a patient presented with localised redness and discharge after three weeks. The patient was afebrile with no signs of pre-septal or orbital cellulitis. Read More

Pan Afr Med J 2018 4;31. Epub 2018 Sep 4.

Service d'ORL et de Chirurgie Cervico-faciale, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohamed V, Faculté de Médecine, Université Mohamed V, Rabat, Maroc.

Extra-nodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, is a rare form of malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. It poses a diagnostic problem due to nonspecific symptoms. We report a case of NK/T-cell lymphoma simulating orbital cellulitis. Read More

Clin Case Rep 2019 Mar 11;7(3):593-594. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Craigavon Area Hospital (Southern Health and Social Care Trust) Portadown UK.

Orbital involvement occurs in 85% of complicated acute sinusitis and is more prevalent in children. Prompt differentiation between the more common periorbital (preseptal) cellulitis and infections, posterior to the orbital septum (including orbital cellulitis/abscess), is essential due to the latter's risk of irreversible optic neuropathy, intracranial spread and death. Read More

JMM Case Rep 2019 Feb 20;6(2):e005175. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

Departament of Microbiology, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla - IDIVAL, Santander, Spain.

Introduction: complex has been associated with infections in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. Infection can be localized or disseminated, affecting skin and soft tissues, the respiratory system, bones and joints, the circulatory system and especially the central nervous system. Ocular infections such as keratitis, scleritis, conjunctivitis, dacryocystitis, orbital cellulitis and endophthalmitis due to spp. Read More

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2019 Mar 8. Epub 2019 Mar 8.

Division of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

Purpose: To highlight the histopathologic diagnostic challenges of small-cell predominant extranodal nasal-type natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENTNKT) of the orbit.

Methods: Retrospective chart review and histopathologic study with immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization of 3 cases.

Results: Three cases of ENTNKT presented to the Mass Eye and Ear emergency room as orbital cellulitis over 1 year. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2019 Feb 25;121:26-28. Epub 2019 Feb 25.

Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Rabin Medical Center and Schneider Children's Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Background: Recurrent periorbital cellulitis (RPOC) associated with rhinosinusitis is rarely noted and scarcely discussed in the literature. The aim of our study was to analyze the characteristics and disease course of a group of pediatric patients with RPOC.

Methods: The medical records of all pediatric patients with a diagnosis of RPOC treated in a tertiary children's hospital were retrieved. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Mar 9;12(3). Epub 2019 Mar 9.

Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.

Extranodal natural killer (NK-)/T cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKL), is a rare disease that often mimics rheumatological and infectious conditions and can therefore be difficult to diagnose. The authors present a case of a 55-year-old Vietnamese woman who was misdiagnosed with severe atrophic rhinitis and chronic sinus osteitis. Over a period of 8 months from initial referral, she underwent multiple biopsies and was treated with various antimicrobial regimens until the histopathological diagnosis of ENKL was finally made. Read More

Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol 2019 Mar 2. Epub 2019 Mar 2.

UGC Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, España; Departamento de Cirugía, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, España.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of ophthalmological emergency visits to two tertiary hospital in all age groups during years 2014 and 2015.

Methods: All patients who attended Ophthalmological Emergency Department from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2015 were included in the study. The demographic variables studied were gender, age, place of origin, time of arrival, day of the week, month and year of the visit, the diagnosis, destination on discharge, total time of the visit and priority. Read More

Cureus 2018 Dec 17;10(12):e3743. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Ophthalmology, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Rahimah, Klang, MYS.

Orbital apex syndrome (OAS) is a localized orbital cellulitis at the orbital apex that can cause vision loss from optic neuropathy and ophthalmoplegia involving multiple cranial nerves. Herein, we report a rare and rapidly progressive case of OAS secondary to fungal pansinusitis caused by in an immunocompromised patient following the extraction of abscessed teeth. A 48-year-old man with diabetes mellitus who had failed to adhere to his treatment presented with complaints of a right-sided headache and toothache for two weeks, with nausea and vomiting for two days prior to presentation. Read More

Br J Ophthalmol 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Ocular Oncology Service, Centre for Sight, Hyderabad, India.

Background/aim: To report the outcomes of retinoblastoma group E eyes with neovascular glaucoma (NVG) treated conservatively with intravenous chemotherapy and investigate factors associated with eye salvage and secondary enucleation.

Methods: This is a retrospective, comparative, interventional case series. The outcome measures were life salvage, eye salvage and vision salvage. Read More

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2019 Feb 21:3489419832624. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

1 Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva.

Background:: Orbital complications of rhinosinusitis in adults are scarcely discussed in the literature.

Objective:: To review our experience with the management of orbital complications of rhinosinusitis in the adult patient population and identify key factors in the characteristics and management of these patients.

Design:: Retrospective case series during the years 2004 to 2016 in a tertiary referral center including all patients with rhinosinusitis and orbital complications. Read More

Clin Ther 2019 Mar 15;41(3):532-551.e17. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Division of Dermatology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.

Purpose: The main objective of this article was to offer practical suggestions, given the existing evidence, for identifying and managing bacterial impetigo, abscess, and cellulitis in ambulatory and hospital settings.

Methods: Five Italian pediatric societies appointed a core working group. In selected conditions, specially trained personnel evaluated quality assessment of treatment strategies according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology. Read More

Orbit 2019 Feb 18:1-3. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

a Division of Ophthalmology , Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago , Chicago , IL , USA.

Pott's puffy tumor is a significant complication of frontal sinusitis that leads to frontal bone osteomyelitis and can be associated with frontal swelling, subperiosteal abscess, and intracranial abscess. It may be associated with antecedent trauma and typically presents in adolescents. Orbital involvement is rarely reported. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2019 May 7;120:82-88. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Pediatrics Department, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Portugal.

Objective: Characterize clinical features, epidemiology and treatment of hospitalized pediatric cases of preseptal and orbital cellulitis.

Methods: Retrospective study of children/adolescents admitted to a central hospital with preseptal and orbital cellulitis between 2007 and 2017.

Results: A total of 122 cases were included, 80. Read More

J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2019 Mar 14;18(1):30-33. Epub 2017 Dec 14.

3Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medical Sciences and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan.

Background: Orbital infection related to mandibular third molar infection is extremely rare. Most of cases reported in literature are related to maxillary molar teeth. Odontogenic infections are not common causes of orbital abscess but it should always be put in consideration when dealing with orbital cellulitis and abscess. Read More

Curr Res Transl Med 2019 May 25;67(2):76-78. Epub 2019 Jan 25.

Sorbonne Université, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Service d'Hématologie Clinique, F-75012, Paris, France; INSERM, UMR S 938,Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), F-75012 Paris, France. Electronic address:

J Clin Med 2019 Jan 16;8(1). Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Otolaryngological Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.

Sinonasal-related orbital infections (SROIs) are typically pediatric diseases that occur in 3⁻4% of children with acute rhinosinusitis. They are characterised by various clinical manifestations, such as peri-orbital and orbital cellulitis or orbital and sub-periosteal abscesses that may develop anteriorly or posteriorly to the orbital septum. Posterior septal complications are particularly dangerous, as they may lead to visual loss and life-threatening events, such as an intracranial abscess and cavernous sinus thrombosis. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Dec 9;11(1). Epub 2018 Dec 9.

Department of Ophthalmology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India.

Orbital cellulitis is the most common subset of orbital inflammatory disease. We describe a patient with necrotic choroidal melanoma who presented with orbital cellulitis. MRI revealed a mass lesion suggesting intraocular melanoma with no extrascleral extension. Read More

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2019 Jan/Feb;35(1):e21-e22

Department of Ophthalmology, Hamilton Eye Institute, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, U.S.A.

This is the first reported case of necrotizing nasal and sinus herpes infection with orbital involvement. A 94-year-old male with a past medical history of hypertension, congestive heart failure, and chronic kidney disease presented with necrotic nasal cellulitis and a red left eye with blurry vision. Onset was 2 weeks prior with an upper lip fever blister. Read More

Cancer Imaging 2018 Dec 6;18(1):47. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Internal Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA.

Background: Metastases to the orbit occur rarely in midgut neuroendocrine tumor (NET) patients with only 20 cases reported to date. Patients typically present with bilateral involvement of the recti muscles and experience symptoms such as diplopia, proptosis, and decreased vision. Although orbital MRI remains the gold standard for imaging orbital disease, many orbital lesions are now detected on somatostatin-receptor (SSTR) based imaging such as 68Ga-DOTATATE PET-CT. Read More

PLoS One 2018 6;13(12):e0208518. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Infectious Diseases Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.

Staphylococcus aureus is an important human pathogen that causes serious antibiotic-resistant infections. Its population structure is marked by the appearance and dissemination of successful lineages across different settings. To begin understanding the population structure of S. Read More

Community Eye Health 2018 ;31(103):60

Consultant Ophthalmologist Medical Education Coordinator, Baze University, Abuja, Nigeria.

J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018 Nov 19. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Department of Pathology, Rize, Turkey.

An 81-year-old woman with diabetes mellitus presented with signs of orbital cellulitis and a gangrenous ulcer on the right palate. Biopsy analysis confirmed a diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis. Surgical debridement of necrotic tissues and enucleation of the right eye were performed. Read More

Ann Acad Med Singapore 2018 Oct;47(10):420-423

Children's Emergency, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore.

Gastroenterology 2019 03 13;156(4):881-882. Epub 2018 Nov 13.

Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda Milano, Italy.

Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2018 Nov 16:1-3. Epub 2018 Nov 16.

b Ophthalmology , University of Rochester David and Ilene Flaum Eye Institute , Rochester , New York , USA.

Purpose: To describe an uncommon presentation of ocular infection caused by human herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2).

Methods: Case report.

Results: A 32-year-old female with no prior history of mucocutaneous herpesvirus infection presented with a minimally painful hypertensive granulomatous panophthalmitis and optic neuropathy that was initially suspected to be orbital cellulitis. Read More

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2019 Jan/Feb;35(1):e1-e2

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A.

Poly-DL-lactide polymer implants absorb over a period of 6 to 12 months and have been used with increasing frequency for repair of orbital fractures. The authors describe the case of a 7-year-old boy who presented with orbital inflammation 10 months following repair of a white-eyed blowout fracture with a poly-DL-lactide implant. Rapid improvement in symptoms followed initiation of oral steroids, with excellent long-term result. Read More

Wien Klin Wochenschr 2018 Oct 29. Epub 2018 Oct 29.

Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Split, University of Split School of Medicine, Spinčićeva 1, 21000, Split, Croatia.

Background: There are few diseases in ophthalmology which could have a fatal outcome, one of them is orbital cellulitis. The aim of this article is to give epidemiological analysis of orbital cellulitis in adult patients in the Split region, Croatia.

Methods: The study was based on a retrospective review of medical records of 53 adult patients with orbital cellulitis treated during the period of 26 years from 1991 to 2016 at the Department of Ophthalmology in the University Hospital of Split. Read More

J Ophthalmol 2018 2;2018:4237573. Epub 2018 Oct 2.

Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan.

Purpose: To report six cases of orbital cellulitis without preceding endophthalmitis.

Method: Retrospective chart review.

Results: We reported four females and two males admitted to our hospital for orbital cellulitis proven by computed tomographies and bacterial cultures from May 1995 to March 2017. Read More

Pan Afr Med J 2018 31;30:94. Epub 2018 May 31.

Radiology Departement, Mother and Child's Hospital, Mohammed VI Teaching Center, Medical School of Marrakesh, Cadi Ayad University, Marrakesh, Morocco.

Orbital cellulitis is rare but potentially severe in children. Diagnosis is primarily based on clinical examination and imaging (CT or MRI). This study aims to highlight the role of imaging, in particular CT scan, in the diagnosis and in the treatment of this pathology. Read More

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2018 Oct 9. Epub 2018 Oct 9.

Department of Ophthalmology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, U.S.A.

Purpose: To describe risk factors, clinical parameters, treatment, and prognosis for patients with septic cavernous sinus thrombosis presenting with orbital cellulitis.

Methods: Retrospective case series of 6 patients identified with septic cavernous sinus thrombosis and orbital cellulitis confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging at a tertiary care center from January 1980 to December 2016. Medical records were reviewed for demographics, risk factors, symptoms, etiology, radiographic diagnosis, complications, treatments, and outcomes. Read More

Ocul Oncol Pathol 2018 Sep 26;4(2):130-133. Epub 2017 Sep 26.

Save Sight Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

We describe a case of choroidal melanoma initially presenting with orbital cellulitis, fulminant conjunctival swelling, and secondary angle closure. Despite treatment with intravenous antibiotics, the patient's condition did not improve. With further investigations including ultrasound scan and magnetic resonance imaging, a high-density lesion was found within the globe. Read More

HNO 2018 Nov;66(11):800-811

Medizinische Fakultät Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Halle (Saale), Halle (Saale), Deutschland.

A disease or symptom of disease spreading from the vicinity of the orbit to the internal structures of the orbit is referred to as an orbital complication. Orbital complications can have a traumatic, inflammatory, allergic, or autoimmunologic cause. They are more frequent in children than adults. Read More

Am J Rhinol Allergy 2019 Jan 11;33(1):36-43. Epub 2018 Oct 11.

1 Department of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.

Background: Osteomas are rare benign and slow-growing osteogenic tumors mainly involving frontal and ethmoid sinuses.

Objectives: The primary objective of our study is to present the management of cases of giant frontal sinus osteomas. Secondarily, we describe our modified unilateral osteoplastic flap approach without obliteration to remove these osteomas. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2018 Sep 29;19:1152-1161. Epub 2018 Sep 29.

Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.

BACKGROUND Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) can present clinically as a spectrum that includes asymptomatic elevation of transaminases, acute or chronic hepatitis, and acute liver failure. Idiosyncratic DILI is more likely to affect individuals with comorbidities, and to have a wide range of clinical presentations. Although antibiotics are associated with DILI, the fluoroquinolone, ciprofloxacin, is a rarely reported cause. Read More

J Emerg Med 2018 Dec 22;55(6):813-816. Epub 2018 Sep 22.

Children's Emergency, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore.

Background: Orbital cellulitis is an uncommon ophthalmological emergency in children, but rapid emergency department (ED) diagnosis is essential.

Case Report: A 13-year-old boy presented to our pediatric ED with left orbital cellulitis secondary to pansinusitis. Emergency bedside ocular ultrasonography was used to evaluate and expedite his management. Read More

J AAPOS 2019 Feb 18;23(1):45-47. Epub 2018 Sep 18.

Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University Medical Center, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York. Electronic address:

Detection of wooden foreign bodies within the orbit can be difficult on imaging, including computed tomography (CT). When visible, wood appears iso- or hypodense and can mimic air or fat. We report the case of a 3-year-old boy with progressive orbital cellulitis following a penetrating wood injury to the right lower lid. Read More

J Glaucoma 2019 Jan;28(1):e14-e16

Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto.

Purpose: Orbital cellulitis is a rare complication of aqueous tube shunt surgery. Nine cases have been described in the literature, though the microbiologic etiology is rarely reported. Management with intravenous antibiotics and/or explantation has been described. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Sep 15;2018. Epub 2018 Sep 15.

Department of Ophthalmology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, New Delhi, India.

We present two cases of culture-proven fungal keratitis on natamycin treatment which developed periocular erythema, oedema, burning sensation and pruritus within 48 hours of the addition of topical voriconazole. On clinical examination, periocular erythema with induration was noted. A diagnosis of orbital cellulitis was suspected, but the absence of pain and tenderness refuted the diagnosis on clinical grounds. Read More

J Small Anim Pract 2018 Dec 12;59(12):763-768. Epub 2018 Sep 12.

Ophthalmic Department, Dick White Referrals, Six Mile Bottom, CB8 0UH, Cambridgeshire, UK.

Objective: To describe concurrent ophthalmic diseases in dogs with retrobulbar cellulitis and abscessation.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective analysis of clinical records of dogs with retrobulbar inflammation.

Results: Forty-one dogs were diagnosed with retrobulbar inflammation; of these, 23 presented with abscessation and two with zygomatic sialoadenitis. Read More

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2018 Sep/Oct;34(5):e160-e162

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, U.S.A.

A 69-year-old woman with orbital cellulitis secondary to odontogenic Streptococcus constellatus was transferred to the authors' institution for surgical management of infection refractory to intravenous antibiotics. She underwent debridement with preservation of the globe, recovering full motility. Visual recovery was limited by optic nerve ischemia. Read More

World J Emerg Med 2018 ;9(4):272-275

Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.

Background: The purpose of this study is to assess the utility of ocular ultrasound B scan in the emergency at the first point of care for detecting posterior segment and orbital pathologies in cases of paediatric ocular emergencies.

Methods: A prospective observational study involving 122 paediatric patients presenting to eye emergency over a period of ninety days were assessed with ultrasonography for the posterior segment as well as orbital pathology whenever indicated. The ocular ultrasound was performed gently over closed eyelids. Read More

J AAPOS 2018 Dec 29;22(6):477-480. Epub 2018 Aug 29.

Yale Eye Center, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut. Electronic address:

We report the case of a 76-year-old man who presented with left eye pain, eyelid swelling, and restricted extraocular motility 3 days after strabismus surgery. Computed tomography of the orbits did not show drainable abscesses, but magnetic resonance imaging on postoperative day 9 showed choroidal detachment with retrobulbar abscess and dural enhancement despite broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotic use. Following incision and drainage of the abscess, which grew methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, the patient showed improvement in visual acuity, pain, and extraocular motility. Read More

J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2018 Nov 29;55(6):387-392. Epub 2018 Aug 29.

Purpose: To describe the natural radiographic course of subperiosteal orbital abscesses that were managed medically in pediatric patients.

Methods: A retrospective case review was undertaken at Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics of Kansas City, Missouri. All patients admitted to the hospital and diagnosed as having orbital cellulitis or subperiosteal abscess from 2008 to 2017 were included in the study. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2018 9;50:130-134. Epub 2018 Aug 9.

Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Introduction: Acute dacryocystitis usually presents as a pre-septal cellulitis since the lacrimal sac lies anterior to the orbital septum. Orbital cellulitis secondary to acute dacryocystitis is very rare due to a variety of anatomic barriers to the orbit but can occur and result in abscess formation with risk of visual compromise.

Presentation Of Case: We describe a case of otherwise healthy adult who presented with complete visual loss following orbital cellulitis and abscess formation secondary to acute dacryocystitis. Read More

Prim Care 2018 Sep;45(3):433-454

Department of Family Medicine, Tidelands Health MUSC Family Medicine Residency Program, 4320 Holmestown Road, Myrtle Beach, SC 29588, USA.

The primary care provider will commonly see skin and soft tissue infections in the outpatient setting. Skin and soft tissue infections range from the uncomplicated impetigo to the potentially lethal necrotizing fasciitis. This article reviews these infections based on their underlying etiology: bacterial, fungal, and viral causes. Read More

PLoS One 2018 16;13(8):e0202233. Epub 2018 Aug 16.

Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America.

The mitis group, a member of the genetically diverse viridans group streptococci, predominately colonizes the human oropharynx. This group has been shown to cause a wide range of infectious complications in humans, including bacteremia in patients with neutropenia, orbital cellulitis and infective endocarditis. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has been identified as a virulence factor produced by this group of streptococci. Read More

Lupus 2018 Oct 9;27(12):1985-1988. Epub 2018 Aug 9.

2 Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.

Systemic autoimmune diseases are associated with ocular inflammatory conditions such as episcleritis, scleritis, keratitis, and uveitis. However, ocular manifestations have been reported to correlate with the extent of systemic disease. We present a patient with scleritis, keratitis, and orbital cellulitis, as the isolated manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Read More