Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Lancet Microbe 2022 Jun 21. Epub 2022 Jun 21.

Center for Celiac Research and Treatment, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.

Background: The incidence of enteric fever, an invasive bacterial infection caused by typhoidal Salmonellae (Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi), is largely unknown in regions without blood culture surveillance. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether new diagnostic serological markers for typhoidal Salmonella can reliably estimate population-level incidence.

Methods: We collected longitudinal blood samples from patients with blood culture-confirmed enteric fever enrolled from surveillance studies in Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan, and Ghana between 2016 and 2021 and conducted cross-sectional serosurveys in the catchment areas of each surveillance site. Read More

Nutrients 2022 Jun 15;14(12). Epub 2022 Jun 15.

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55907, USA.

Histological changes induced by gluten in the duodenal mucosa of patients with non-coeliac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) are poorly defined. To evaluate the structural and inflammatory features of NCGS compared to controls and coeliac disease (CeD) with milder enteropathy (Marsh I-II). Well-oriented biopsies of 262 control cases with normal gastroscopy and histologic findings, 261 CeD, and 175 NCGS biopsies from 9 contributing countries were examined. Read More

Nutrients 2022 Jun 14;14(12). Epub 2022 Jun 14.

Department of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources and Engineering (DAFNE), University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy.

Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disease with the destruction of small intestinal villi, which occurs in genetically predisposed individuals. At the present moment, a gluten-free diet (GFD) is the only way to restore the functionality of gut mucosa. However, there is an open debate on the effects of long-term supplementation through a GFD, because some authors report an unbalance in microbial taxa composition. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2022 Jun 14;23(12). Epub 2022 Jun 14.

1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary.

It is increasingly known that Parkinson's (PD) and Alzheimer's (AD) diseases occur more frequently in patients with inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases including inflammatory bowel (IBD) or celiac disease, indicating a pathological link between them. Although epidemiological observations suggest the existence of the gut-brain axis (GBA) involving systemic inflammatory and neural pathways, little is known about the exact molecular mechanisms. Parkinson's disease 7 (PARK7/DJ-1) is a multifunctional protein whose protective role has been widely demonstrated in neurodegenerative diseases, including PD, AD, or ischemic stroke. Read More

Children (Basel) 2022 May 25;9(6). Epub 2022 May 25.

Department of Psychiatry, Stanford School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

Controversy around the association between celiac disease (CeD) and attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) was addressed by a systematic review in 2015, ultimately showing no association. Since 2015, there have been several studies showing an association between celiac disease and attention deficit hyperactive disorder. This is an updated systematic review. Read More

Biomedicines 2022 Jun 14;10(6). Epub 2022 Jun 14.

Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Street Pascal 36, 20133 Milan, Italy.

Despite following a gluten-free diet, which is currently the only effective therapy for celiac disease, about 5% of patients can develop serious complications, which in the case of refractory type 2 could evolve towards intestinal lymphoma. In this study, we have identified a set of 15 microRNAs in serum discriminating between the two types of refractory disease. Upregulated miR-770-5p, miR-181b-2-3p, miR-1193, and miR-1226-3p could be useful for the better stratification of patients and the monitoring of disease development, while miR-490-3p was found to be dysregulated in patients with refractory type 1. Read More

Eur J Pediatr 2022 Jun 23. Epub 2022 Jun 23.

Div. of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Marmara University School of Medicine, Başıbüyük Campus, Maltepe Başıbüyük Yolu Sok. No:9/1, 34854, Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey.

Recent guidelines suggest non-biopsy serology-based approach for the diagnosis of celiac disease; however, there is no evidence-based data regarding noninvasive follow-up of mucosal healing. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of serology in reflecting mucosal status in the follow-up of pediatric patients with celiac disease. This is a validation study conducted at a university hospital. Read More

Pediatr Rep 2022 Jun 10;14(2):293-311. Epub 2022 Jun 10.

Dipartimento di Matematica e Informatica, Università di Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy.

Coeliac disease (CD) is frequently underdiagnosed with a consequent heavy burden in terms of morbidity and health care costs. Diagnosis of CD is based on the evaluation of symptoms and anti-transglutaminase antibodies IgA (TGA-IgA) levels, with values above a tenfold increase being the basis of the biopsy-free diagnostic approach suggested by present guidelines. This study showcased the largest screening project for CD carried out to date in school children (n=20,000) aimed at assessing the diagnostic accuracy of minimally invasive finger prick point-of-care tests (POCT) which, combined with conventional celiac serology and the aid of an artificial intelligence-based system, may eliminate the need for intestinal biopsy. Read More

J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022 Jun 22. Epub 2022 Jun 22.

Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland.

Background And Aims: Symptoms of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) and celiac disease (CeD) often overlap, and studies suggest a link between SIBO and CeD. We thus conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare SIBO prevalence in CeD-patients and controls and assessed effects of antimicrobial therapy on gastrointestinal symptoms in SIBO positive CeD-patients.

Methods: Electronic databases were searched until February-2022 for studies reporting SIBO prevalence in CeD. Read More

Harefuah 2022 Jun;161(6):383-389

Department of Surgery A, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel.

Introduction: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the 11th most common malignancy worldwide, however, entailing a mortality in excess of 90% within 5 years from diagnosis, it is the 4th most fatal malignant disease. PC is commonly diagnosed at an advanced stage, in which curative resection is no longer possible. Even patients who present with potentially curable disease will have upward of 30% recurrence of their disease within the first year. Read More

J Food Sci Technol 2022 Jul 11;59(7):2655-2665. Epub 2021 Oct 11.

State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047 People's Republic of China.

Wheat flour was extruded using a single- and double-screw extruder at 130, 150, and 170 °C, respectively, to determine the effect of extrusion on the content and possible modifications of protein in wheat flour. Regarding to proteins, their yield under non-reducing extraction conditions (in SDS only) decreased to one-third after extrusion-but remained constant after extraction under reduced conditions (in SDS + DTT). This phenomenon possibly reflected protein cross-linking through intermolecular disulfide bonds to gluten proteins, especially at high temperature and high screw speed during double-screw extrusion, as suggested by the increased number of free-SH-groups and reduced intensity of low-MW proteins in SDS-PAGE under this extrusion condition. Read More

Front Pediatr 2022 6;10:873793. Epub 2022 Jun 6.

Gastroenterology Department of Republican Specialized Scientific-Practical Medical Center of Pediatrics Ministry of Health of Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan.

Background: Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated disorder of the gut in which innate and adaptive responses are involved. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) constitute an arsenal of innate immunity regulators of paramount importance in the gut. However, the role of AMPs in CD is unclear. Read More

J Pediatr Psychol 2022 Jun 22. Epub 2022 Jun 22.

Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, & Nutrition, Emory University School of Medicine, USA.

Objective: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted everyone, but there are few data regarding how the pandemic has influenced the lives of children with gastrointestinal (GI) conditions. This cross-sectional study assessed pandemic-related social disruption (PRSD) in children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), celiac disease (CD), and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and the potential buffering effect of the parent-child relationship.

Methods: A survey completed between September and December 2020 asked 146 children (ages 8-17) diagnosed with IBD (n = 44), CD (n = 81), or IBS (n = 51) and 185 parents how the pandemic has contributed to social disruption (i. Read More

Front Biosci (Elite Ed) 2022 Mar;14(2)

Department of Physiology and The Eisdell Moore Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag, 1142 Auckland, New Zealand.

Disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and celiac disease (CeD) result in intestinal hyperpermeability or 'leaky' gut. The increased permeability of the intestinal barrier allows microbial metabolites, toxins, and pathogens to infiltrate the bloodstream and extraintestinal tissues, causing systemic inflammation. Despite differences in aetiology and pathophysiology, IBD and CeD share several extraintestinal manifestations such as neuroinflammation, neurological and psychiatric manifestations, and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Read More

J Infect Public Health 2022 Jun 17;15(7):773-780. Epub 2022 Jun 17.

Specialty Internal Medicine and Quality Department, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia; Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Herd immunity for COVID-19 is the ultimate goal to end the pandemic. Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants has been a subject of considerable debate regarding vaccines effectiveness. This ongoing discussion and other evolving variables contribute to the hesitancy toward vaccines and levels of vaccination acceptance among both the healthcare workers and the public. Read More

J Immunol 2022 Jun 20. Epub 2022 Jun 20.

Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL;

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by T and B cell responses to proteins expressed by insulin-producing pancreatic β cells, inflammatory lesions within islets (insulitis), and β cell loss. We previously showed that Ag-specific tolerance targeting single β cell protein epitopes is effective in preventing T1D induced by transfer of monospecific diabetogenic CD4 and CD8 transgenic T cells to NOD. mice. Read More

Mol Biol Rep 2022 Jun 20. Epub 2022 Jun 20.

Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Background: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) have an important role in the control of the immune responses. This study aimed to compare the frequency of peripheral blood (PB) CD4+ CD25+ FoxP3+ Treg cells and PB and duodenal expression levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators in treated celiac disease (CD) patients and healthy controls.

Methods And Results: Duodenal biopsy specimens and PB samples were collected from 60 treated CD patients and 60 controls. Read More

Frontline Gastroenterol 2022 25;13(4):287-294. Epub 2021 Jun 25.

Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Middlemore Hospital - Counties Manukau DIstrict Health Board (CMDH), Auckland, New Zealand.

Objective: Avoiding duodenal biopsy in adults for coeliac disease (CD) diagnosis is controversial. Some retrospective and prospective studies have shown that CD can be reliably diagnosed in adults with serology rather than duodenal biopsies. This study aimed to check the accuracy of a cut-off value of ≥10 upper limit of normal of anti-tissue transglutaminase antibody (anti-TTG IgA) titres for CD diagnosis in adult patients. Read More

Front Nutr 2022 26;9:883220. Epub 2022 May 26.

Celiac Disease Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.

Purpose: We evaluated adherence to a gluten-free diet and associated factors in adult celiac disease patients diagnosed in childhood.

Methods: Comprehensive medical data on 955 pediatric celiac disease patients was collected and study questionnaires sent to 559 who were now adults. All variables were compared between strictly adherent and non-adherent patients. Read More

Eur J Immunol 2022 Jun 17. Epub 2022 Jun 17.

KG Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.

The adaptive immune response of celiac disease (CeD) involves presentation of gluten peptides to CD4+ T cells by transglutaminase 2 (TG2) specific B cells. This B-cell/T-cell crosstalk is facilitated by involvement of TG2:gluten peptide complexes that act principally in the form of enzyme-substrate intermediates. Here, we have addressed how gluten peptide affinity and complex stability in the presence of secondary substrates affect the uptake of TG2:gluten peptide complexes by TG2-specific B cells and the activation of gluten-specific T cells. Read More

J Intern Med 2022 Jun 17. Epub 2022 Jun 17.

Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.

Background: An increased risk of kidney disease in patients with celiac disease has been reported, but the association has remained obscure. Only few studies have investigated the association between renal comorbidities and dermatitis herpetiformis, a cutaneous manifestation of celiac disease.

Objectives: We investigated whether patients with different phenotypes of celiac disease are at higher risk of kidney diseases than age- and sex-matched references. Read More

J Community Hosp Intern Med Perspect 2022 2;12(3):80-82. Epub 2022 May 2.

Adult Hospitalist, SFMC Peoria, Illinois, USA.

The current literature has shown equivocal results regarding the association of Olmesartan and other angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) use and the presence of Celiac sprue-like enteropathy (CSLE). Various factors affecting the association are- patient population under study, geographic area, and duration of use of medication. Various case reports/case series and observational studies have shown the mixed results regarding an association. Read More

Dig Dis 2022 Jun 15. Epub 2022 Jun 15.

Background: Strict adherence to a gluten free diet is the only known effective treatment for celiac disease currently. Multiple organizations recommend follow-up with a dietitian and guideline directed management after diagnosis. Few studies have evaluated follow-up post diagnosis. Read More

Cell Rep 2022 Jun;39(11):110956

Departement of Oncology, UNIL-CHUV, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland. Electronic address:

Celiac disease (CD) is a multisystem disease in which different organs may be affected. We investigate whether circulating innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) contribute to the CD peripheral inflammatory status. We find that the CD cytokine profile is characterized by high concentrations of IL-12p40, IL-18, and IFN-γ, paralleled by an expansion of ILC precursors (ILCPs). Read More

P R Health Sci J 2022 Jun;41(2):2965

Department of Biochemistry, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico.

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2022 Apr 2;74(4):e101. Epub 2021 Nov 2.

Tampere Center for Child, Adolescent and Maternal Health Research, Tampere University and Department of Pediatrics, Tampere University Hospital.

Eurasian J Med 2022 Jun;54(2):186-190

Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Erzurum Regional Training and Research Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey.

Objective: Fetuin-A is a multifunctional non-collagen protein that plays a role in bone mineralization. Celiac disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the small intestine due to exposure to gluten. In this research, it was aimed to investigate levels of Fetuin-A and its relationship with bone mineral density in children with celiac disease. Read More