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Microb Cell Fact 2020 Jun 12;19(1):130. Epub 2020 Jun 12.

SDM Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences (SDMRIBS), Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara University, Manjushree Nagar, Dharwad, Karnataka, 580 009, India.

Background: Celiac disease is an intestinal chronic disorder with multifactorial etiology resulting in small intestinal mucosal injuries and malabsorption. In genetically predisposed individuals with HLA DQ2/DQ8 molecules, the gluten domains rich in glutamine and proline present gluten domains to gluten reactive CD4 T cells causing injury to the intestine. In the present experimental design, the indigenous bacteria from wheat samples were studied for their gluten hydrolyzing functionality. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2020 Jun 10;21(11). Epub 2020 Jun 10.

Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy.

Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic enteropathy that develops in genetically susceptible individuals after the ingestion of gluten. There has been a substantial increase in CD prevalence in the last 50 years, and it is now estimated that this disease affects approximately 1% of the population in the Western world. In the large majority of cases, CD is a benign disease, characterized by the complete resolution of symptoms and a normal life expectancy after the onset of a gluten-free diet (GFD). Read More

BMC Nephrol 2020 Jun 10;21(1):220. Epub 2020 Jun 10.

Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.

Background: Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease is a recognized complication following solid organ transplantation. This is usually a B cell disease and frequently associated with Epstein Barr virus infection, although T cell PTLD can occur. T cell PTLD is usually a monomorphic, lymphomatous disease associated with an adverse prognosis. Read More

Hum Immunol 2020 Jul 25;81(7):361-365. Epub 2020 May 25.

National Research Council (CNR)-Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), L'Aquila, Italy. Electronic address:

CD1 glycoproteins are a class of antigen presenting molecules that bind and present non-peptidic antigens (lipids and glycolipids) for immune recognition. CD1 polymorphisms, although limited, could have a critical role in antimicrobial, anticancer, and autoimmune responses and disease susceptibility. Ethnic differences and interactions between genetic and environmental factors make it attractive the study of these molecules in autoimmune inflammatory disorders, such as celiac disease (CD), in which a strong genetic predisposition (HLA-DQ2/DQ8) and pressure of environmental factors have a central role. Read More

BMC Pediatr 2020 May 27;20(1):256. Epub 2020 May 27.

Shiraz Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 71345-1744, Shiraz, Iran.

Background: Celiac disease (CD) is an immune mediated inflammatory enteropathy, triggered by gluten exposure in HLA-DQ2 and/or -DQ8 genetics. The presentation of celiac disease in children is changing, with increase in non-classical symptoms. We aim to evaluate the clinical presentations of celiac disease amongst children, diagnosed with CD. Read More

Gastroenterology 2020 May 8. Epub 2020 May 8.

Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address:

Background & Aims: There is controversy over the association between celiac disease and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess evidence for an association between celiac disease and IBD.

Methods: We searched databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, Web of Science, CINAHL, DARE, and SIGLE through June 25, 2019 for studies assessing the risk of celiac disease in patients with IBD, and IBD in patients with celiac disease, compared with controls of any type. Read More

BMJ Open Gastroenterol 2020 May;7(1)

Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy

Background: Coeliac disease (CD) results from an immune-mediated reaction to gluten in genetically predisposed individuals. In rare cases CD may occur with acute features deferring the diagnosis and exposing these patients to possible life-threatening complications. Herein we present the case of a young woman with a coeliac crisis, that is, a sudden clinical onset characterised by severe electrolyte imbalance due to an unknown (previously unrecognised) CD. Read More

Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2020 Jun 3;51(11):1116-1129. Epub 2020 May 3.

State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.

Background: Epidemiological data of coeliac disease are lacking from the central Asian region.

Aims: To verify the occurrence of coeliac disease amongst four major ethnic groups of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomus Region, China.

Methods: 2277 in-patients with gastrointestinal symptoms (1391 Han, 608 Uyghur, 146 Kazakh and 132 Hui; mean age: 54 ± 12. Read More

FASEB J 2020 Jun 3;34(6):8459-8474. Epub 2020 May 3.

Institute of Biomedical Sciences, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC.

Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 are genetic risk factors for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) and Celiac disease (CD) in Caucasians, but their association with Taiwanese Han population is unknown. We screened 532 Taiwanese T1DM patients for CD biomarkers including anti-tissue transglutaminase (TGM2), anti-gliadin and anti-neoepitope antibodies (Abs), sequencing DQB1 genotypes, and characterized the TGM2 Abs. We report that 3. Read More

J Diabetes Res 2020 20;2020:7869350. Epub 2020 Feb 20.

Department of Children's Diabetology, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland.

Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the usefulness of HLA DQ2/DQ8 genotyping in children with T1D in various clinical situations: as a screening test at the diabetes onset, as a verification of the diagnosis in doubtful situations, and as a test estimating the risk of CD in the future. . Three groups of patients with T1D were included: newly diagnosed ( = 92), with CD and villous atrophy ( = 92), with CD and villous atrophy ( = 92), with CD and villous atrophy (. Read More

Nature 2020 02 12;578(7796):600-604. Epub 2020 Feb 12.

Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.

Coeliac disease is a complex, polygenic inflammatory enteropathy caused by exposure to dietary gluten that occurs in a subset of genetically susceptible individuals who express either the HLA-DQ8 or HLA-DQ2 haplotypes. The need to develop non-dietary treatments is now widely recognized, but no pathophysiologically relevant gluten- and HLA-dependent preclinical model exists. Furthermore, although studies in humans have led to major advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis of coeliac disease, the respective roles of disease-predisposing HLA molecules, and of adaptive and innate immunity in the development of tissue damage, have not been directly demonstrated. Read More

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2020 Jul;71(1):59-63

Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to describe diagnostic criteria used in children with coeliac disease (CD) and selective IgA deficiency; to determine if the publication of the 2012 ESPGHAN criteria prompted any changes; to evaluate the evolution of serological markers.

Methods: Multicenter, retrospective, descriptive study of a cohort of children under 15 years with selective IgA deficiency diagnosed with CD (January 2006 to December 2016). Demographic, clinical, genetic, histological and IgG-based antibodies were collected at diagnosis and follow-up. Read More

BMC Med Genomics 2020 02 3;13(1):16. Epub 2020 Feb 3.

Western Sydney University, School of Medicine, Sydney, Australia.

Background: Coeliac disease (CD) is a autoimmune disease characterised by mucosal inflammation in the small intestine in response to dietary gluten. Genetic factors play a key role with CD individuals carrying either the HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8 haplotype, however these haplotypes are present in half the general population making them necessary but insufficient to cause CD. Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation that can change in response to environmental exposure could help to explain how interactions between genes and environmental factors combine to trigger disease development. Read More

Hum Immunol 2020 Feb - Mar;81(2-3):59-64. Epub 2020 Jan 28.

Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States. Electronic address:

Backgrounds: Patients with celiac disease (CeD) carry the major histocompatibility complex class II, HLA-DQ2 or DQ8 haplotype; the absence of these haplotypes excludes a diagnosis of CeD. While the most common and highest risk HLA haplotypes in CeD have been established, the risk profiles of the less common and equivocal HLA haplotypes need further refinement. The aim of this study was to use a large national patient cohort to further stratify the risk gradient of HLA-DQ haplotypes. Read More

An Pediatr (Barc) 2020 Feb 16;92(2):110.e1-110.e9. Epub 2020 Jan 16.

Unidad de Gastroenterología, Hepatología y Nutrición Pediátrica, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, España.

Coeliac disease is a systemic immune-mediated disorder triggered by the ingestion of gluten, which is given in genetically predisposed subjects. It manifests with a wide variety of clinical symptoms, specific serological markers, HLA-DQ2/DQ8 haplotype and enteropathy. The criteria followed for this have usually been those established by the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) since 1969. Read More

Curr Pediatr Rev 2020 Jan 15. Epub 2020 Jan 15.

Clinical Units for Tissue Typing, Clinical Department for Transfusion Medicine and Transplantation Biology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Croatia.

Background: Celiac disease is an immune-mediated disorder characterized by a variable clinical manifestations, specific antibodies, HLA-DQ2/DQ8 haplotypes, and enteropathy.

Objectives: Aim of this study was to present clinical spectrum and patterns of celiac disease in Kosovar Albanian children.

Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective study was performed with Albanian children aged 0-18 years, treated for celiac disease in the Pediatric Clinic, University Clinical Center of Kosovo from 2005 to 2016. Read More

PLoS One 2020 2;15(1):e0226546. Epub 2020 Jan 2.

RSE on REM «Research and Production Center of Transfusion», Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Nur-Sultan City, Kazakhstan.

Background: Celiac disease (CD) is a systemic immune-mediated disorder developing in HLA genetically predisposed individuals carrying HLA-DQ2 and/or HLA-DQ8 molecules. Recent evidences supported a predominant importance of HLA-DQB1 locus and, in particular, HLA-DQB1*02 alleles. This diagnosis is poorly considered in Kazakhstan, because of the assumption that CD is not prevalent in this population. Read More

Transl Med UniSa 2019 Jul-Dec;20:13-18. Epub 2019 Jan 12.

Pediatric Unit and Center for Celiac Disease - University Hospital of Salerno, Campus of Cava de' Tirreni, Italy.

According to the 2012 ESPGHAN criteria for diagnosis of celiac disease (CD), duodenal biopsy (DB) can be avoided in children with a clear malabsorption syndrome, anti-tissue transglutaminase IgA (tTG2) ≥ 10x the cut-off, anti-endomysium IgA (EMA) and HLA DQ2/DQ8 genes. The aim of this study is to report our experience and evaluate the accuracy of the actual guidelines.

Patients And Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted on all patients diagnosed CD from 2012 to 2018 in our Center. Read More

J Clin Med 2019 Dec 11;8(12). Epub 2019 Dec 11.

Celiac Disease and Digestive Immunopathology Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain.

The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of anti-endomysium antibodies (EMA) as a serological marker for celiac disease (CD) diagnosis in a pediatric population. A retrospective study of pediatric patients who underwent a CD serological markers study: EMA and anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies (anti-TG2). Clinical symptomatology, degree of histological lesion, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haplotype compatible with CD (HLA DQ2 and/or DQ8), and final diagnosis were taken into account. Read More

Gastroenterol Res Pract 2019 20;2019:8974751. Epub 2019 Oct 20.

Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Potential celiac disease (PCD) is defined by the presence of positive serum antibodies, HLA-DQ2/DQ8 haplotypes, and a normal small intestinal mucosa (Marsh grade 0-1). This condition occurs in one-fifth of celiac disease (CD) patients and usually represents a clinical challenge. We reviewed genetic, histologic, and clinical features of this specific condition by performing a systematic search on MEDLINE, Embase, and Scholar database. Read More

Immunogenetics 2020 02 18;72(1-2):85-88. Epub 2019 Nov 18.

Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.

Celiac disease is caused by an abnormal intestinal T cell response to cereal gluten proteins. The disease has a strong human leukocyte antigen (HLA) association, and CD4 T cells recognizing gluten epitopes presented by disease-associated HLA-DQ allotypes are considered to be drivers of the disease. This paper provides an update of the currently known HLA-DQ restricted gluten T cell epitopes with their names and sequences. Read More

Int J Endocrinol 2019 19;2019:7895207. Epub 2019 Sep 19.

Laboratory of Immunology, University Hospital of Marrakech, Marrakech, Morocco.

Objective: We aimed to determine the prevalence of specific auto-antibodies to celiac disease (CD) in Moroccan type 1 diabetic (T1D) patients and compare the clinical and biological characteristics of seropositive and seronegative cases.

Patients And Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 276 T1D patients including 109 adults and 167 pediatric cases. The screening for CD was performed by an Elisa IgA anti-tissue transglutaminase antibody (tTGA) testing, combined with IgA quantification by nephelometry. Read More

J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2019 Dec 18;2(4):161-169. Epub 2018 Jul 18.

Division of Gastroenterology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

The incidence of celiac disease has risen quickly and has a worldwide distribution in Europe, North and South America, Asia, the Middle East and Africa. This is attributed in part to increased availability in screening but also to the fast-rising gluten consumption and perhaps unknown environmental factors. In daily practice, this means that more subclinical cases and very young and elderly patients are diagnosed. Read More

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2020 01;70(1):141-156

Department of Pediatrics, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, the Netherlands.

Objectives: The ESPGHAN 2012 coeliac disease (CD) diagnostic guidelines aimed to guide physicians in accurately diagnosing CD and permit omission of duodenal biopsies in selected cases. Here, an updated and expanded evidence-based guideline is presented.

Methods: Literature databases and other sources of information were searched for studies that could inform on 10 formulated questions on symptoms, serology, HLA genetics, and histopathology. Read More

J Dig Dis 2019 Nov 22;20(11):602-608. Epub 2019 Oct 22.

Department of Biostatistics, Research Services Administration, Research Center at King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Objectives: It remains unknown what degree of risk is conferred by celiac disease (CD)-predisposing human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ genotypes in Saudi Arabia compared with in Western countries. In this study, we aimed to determine the CD risk gradient associated with the HLA-DQ genotypes and to compare HLA-DQ genotypes between symptomatic patients with CD and screening-identified asymptomatic CD patients.

Methods: We enrolled three groups of subjects, including 46 CD children diagnosed consecutively over the past 10 years, 54 CD children diagnosed during a mass screening of schoolchildren, and 192 healthy controls. Read More

Clin Chem Lab Med 2020 Feb;58(3):340-349

CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate SCarl, Naples, Italy.

Our body is inhabited by a variety of microbes (microbiota), mainly bacteria, that outnumber our own cells. Until recently, most of what we knew about the human microbiota was based on culture methods, whereas a large part of the microbiota is uncultivable, and consequently previous information was limited. The advent of culture-independent methods and, particularly, of next-generation sequencing (NGS) methodology, marked a turning point in studies of the microbiota in terms of its composition and of the genes encoded by these microbes (microbiome). Read More

Pediatrics 2019 10 6;144(4). Epub 2019 Sep 6.

Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands;

Background And Objectives: Celiac disease (CeD) is associated with psychopathology in children. It is unknown whether this association is present in children with celiac disease autoimmunity (CDA) identified by screening. We examined the associations between subclinical CDA and emotional and behavioral problems in children without previous CeD diagnosis. Read More

Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2019 ;20(14):1181-1193

Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Celiac Disease (CD) is a complex autoimmune enteropathy of the small intestine that commonly occurs in genetically predisposed individuals due to intake of gluten and related proteins. Gluten consumption, duration of breast-feeding, various infections, especially frequent intestinal infections, vaccinations and use of antibiotics can be linked to CD. It is predicted that it affects 1% of the global population and its incidence rate is increasing. Read More

Arch Dis Child 2019 11 2;104(11):1119-1120. Epub 2019 Aug 2.

Paediatric Gastroenterology, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Bristol, UK.

BMC Med 2019 07 23;17(1):142. Epub 2019 Jul 23.

Center for Celiac Research and Treatment, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.

Background: Celiac disease remains a challenging condition because of a steady increase in knowledge tackling its pathophysiology, diagnosis, management, and possible therapeutic options.

Main Body: A major milestone in the history of celiac disease was the identification of tissue transglutaminase as the autoantigen, thereby confirming the autoimmune nature of this disorder. A genetic background (HLA-DQ2/DQ8 positivity and non-HLA genes) is a mandatory determinant of the development of the disease, which occurs with the contribution of environmental factors (e. Read More

Gastroenterol Res Pract 2019 10;2019:7369014. Epub 2019 Jun 10.

Tissue Typing Centre, Clinical Department of Transfusion Medicine and Transplantation Biology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.

Genetic predisposition to celiac disease (CD) is strongly associated with the presence of HLA alleles in the individual genotype encoding HLA-DQ2 and/or HLA-DQ8 heterodimers. The main aim of this study was to analyze the HLA-A, -B, -DRB1, and -DQ allele and five-locus haplotype frequencies in 60 Albanian pediatric CD patients and 124 non-CD children from Kosovo. The most prevalent haplotype in patients was the ancestral AH 8. Read More

Clin Nucl Med 2019 Sep;44(9):e526-e528

From the Barwon Medical Imaging, University Hospital Geelong, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.

An FDG PET with diagnostic CT was performed on a 52-year-old man for investigation of lymphocytosis and the clinical suspicion of lymphoma. The PET/CT demonstrated diffuse small bowel uptake, prominent mesenteric lymph nodes without significant FDG uptake, and other features suggestive of celiac disease. Subsequently, the patient was found to have markedly elevated celiac disease antibodies (deamidated gliadin IgG and tissue transglutaminase IgA) and to be HLA DQ2 and DQ8 allele positive on genotyping for celiac disease. Read More

Am J Gastroenterol 2019 10;114(10):1587-1592

Celiac Disease Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Celiac disease is a common inflammatory disease triggered by dietary gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. The strongest and best-characterized genetic susceptibilities in celiac disease are class II human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes known as HLA-DQ2 and DQ8. HLA genetic testing is available through a number of commercial and academic laboratories and is used in the evaluation of celiac disease and to identify at-risk family members. Read More

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2019 07;69(1):39-44

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Città Della Salute e Della Scienza di Torino Hospital.

Objectives: A correlation between autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and gastrointestinal (GI) problems, and a possible link between gluten consumption and ASD have been increasingly reported. Gluten/casein-free diet (GCFD) is often undertaken, with conflicting results. This study aimed at evaluating the distribution of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ2/DQ8 typing among patients with ASD with GI symptoms, together with its correlation with duodenal histology and response to GCFD. Read More

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020 Mar 17;18(3):596-603. Epub 2019 Jun 17.

Department of Pediatrics, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy; Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. Electronic address:

Background & Aims: Celiac disease is one of the most common diseases worldwide, with an apparent trend of increasing prevalence. We investigated the prevalence of celiac disease in children in Italy in 2015-2016 and compared that with data from 25 years ago.

Methods: We screened 4570 children (5-11 years old, 80. Read More

BMC Gastroenterol 2019 Jun 13;19(1):91. Epub 2019 Jun 13.

Laboratorio de investigación en Genética de enfermedades complejas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), C/ Profesor Martín Lagos s/n 28040, Madrid, Spain.

Background: Celiac disease (CD) is triggered by gluten and related prolamines in genetically susceptible individuals. We aimed to investigate the influence of HLA-DQ genotypes in clinical, serological and histological features related to CD.

Methods: A retrospective observational study was performed including 463 Spanish patients with biopsy-proven CD. Read More

Indian J Gastroenterol 2019 06 10;38(3):203-210. Epub 2019 Jun 10.

Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Bristol, UK.

Background: Celiac disease (CD) is a lifelong condition with significant morbidity and requires an accurate diagnosis. Guidelines for pediatric CD were revised by the European and British Societies of Paediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition in 2012 and 2013, respectively. New recommendations introduced non-biopsy pathway (NBP) of diagnosis for a selective group of symptomatic children whose anti-tissue transglutaminase (anti-tTG) antibody titer is greater than ten times upper limit of normal. Read More

Indian J Med Res 2019 Jan;149(1):18-25

Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India.

Background & Objectives: : Celiac disease (CD) can exist in various forms in type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients and can remain undetected, leading to severe complications. This study was aimed to evaluate five commercially available anti-tissue transglutaminase (tTG) ELISA kits with distinct formats for the detection of CD and potential CD in T1D patients. Clinical and demographic profiles of the patients with different disease subsets were also studied. Read More

DNA Cell Biol 2019 Jul 13;38(7):708-717. Epub 2019 May 13.

5 Department of Biology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.

microRNAs (miRNAs) are a novel class of single-stranded RNAs with a key role in the regulation of gene expression. miRNA main mechanism of action involves interaction with the mRNA transcribed from the genes, leading to the target mRNA silencing and degradation. Indeed, it is easy to conceive that a defective miRNA-based mRNA regulation may compromise normal cell function and cause genetic diseases. Read More

Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2019 Jun 8;23(6):418-422. Epub 2019 May 8.

2 Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Medical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Celiac disease (CD) is strongly associated with HLA-DQ2.2, HLA-DQ2.5, and HLA-DQ8. Read More

Scand J Gastroenterol 2019 May 6;54(5):563-570. Epub 2019 May 6.

a Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, University of Alcalá , Madrid , Spain.

Seronegative celiac disease (CD) poses a diagnostic challenge. Characterize and identify differences between seronegative and seropositive CD. Retrospective cohort study examining adult patients diagnosed with CD (1980-2017). Read More

Indian J Gastroenterol 2019 04 26;38(2):178-182. Epub 2019 Apr 26.

Institute of Gastroenterology, SRM Institutes for Medical Science, Jawaharlal Nehru Road, Vadapalani, Chennai, 600 026, India.

Celiac disease (CeD) occurs only in individuals who are able to express human leukocyte antigens (HLA) DQ2 or DQ8, and these are expressed in nearly a third of healthy people in the West. As the disease is very uncommon in Tamil Nadu, we evaluated the possibility that the relevant genes are infrequent in this population. Four hundred healthy adults without any gastrointestinal abnormalities were recruited from Vellore district of Tamil Nadu. Read More

Aging (Albany NY) 2019 04;11(7):2003-2019

European Institute for Research in Cystic Fibrosis, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy.

In celiac disease (CD), an intolerance to dietary gluten/gliadin, antigenic gliadin peptides trigger an HLA-DQ2/DQ8-restricted adaptive Th1 immune response. Epithelial stress, induced by other non-antigenic gliadin peptides, is required for gliadin to become fully immunogenic. We found that cystic-fibrosis-transmembrane-conductance-regulator (CFTR) acts as membrane receptor for gliadin-derived peptide P31-43, as it binds to CFTR and impairs its channel function. Read More

Gastroenterology 2019 08 9;157(2):413-420.e3. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

Department of Translation Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, and European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Disease (ELFID), University Federico II, Naples, Italy.

Background & Aims: Potential celiac disease is characterized by positive results from serologic tests for tissue transglutaminase antibodies (anti-TG2) but normal duodenal architecture (Marsh stages 0-1). There is controversy over the best way to manage these patients. We investigated risk factors associated with the development of villous atrophy in children with potential celiac disease. Read More

Turk J Gastroenterol 2019 Apr;30(4):321-325

Department of Gastroenterology, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey.

Background/aims: Celiac disease is an autoimmune, familial disease that results in susceptibility to gluten in cereal and cereal products in genetically susceptible individuals. The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of HLA-DQ2/DQ8 in patients with celiac disease, their first-degree relatives, and healthy community.

Materials And Methods: HLA-DQ2/DQ8 analysis was performed in adult patients with celiac disease >18 years old (94 patients), their first-degree relatives (89 people), and healthy group (102 individuals). Read More

Ital J Pediatr 2019 Mar 21;45(1):40. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Equipe11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contrele Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.

Familial loss-of-function mutations of the gene coding for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) channel protein cause cystic fibrosis (CF), the most frequent inherited life-threatening disease in the Caucasian population. A recent study indicates that the gluten/gliadin-derived peptide (P31-43) can cause CFTR inhibition in intestinal epithelial cells, thus causing a local stress response that contributes to the immunopathology of celiac disease (CD). Accordingly, an increased prevalence of CD has been observed in several cohorts of CF patients. Read More

World J Diabetes 2019 Mar;10(3):189-199

Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Mass General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA 02115, United States.

Background: Patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and their first-degree relatives (FDRs) have an increased risk of developing celiac disease (CD) compared to the general population. This is largely explained by the shared association with major histocompatibility class II human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DQ2 and/or DQ8 between the two disease states.

Aim: To describe the frequency of CD autoimmunity (CDA) and the distribution of HLA and haptoglobin genotypes in patients with T1D and their FDRs. Read More

Eur J Dermatol 2019 Apr;29(2):167-173

Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano,, Center for Prevention and Diagnosis of Celiac Disease, Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico,, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy.

Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) and celiac disease (CD) are considered to be autoimmune diseases that share a specific trigger (gluten) and a common genetic background (HLA-DQ2/DQ8). However, the pathogenesis of DH is not yet fully understood and no data are available regarding a possible role of fibroblasts in this disease. The aim of this study was to assess baseline DNA damage in fibroblasts in DH-diagnosed patients vs. Read More

Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2019 03 14;48(1):39-51. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Columbia University, New York Presbyterian Hospital, 622 West 168th Street, VC14-228, New York, NY 10032, USA.

Celiac disease is a common immune-mediated disorder that occurs in individuals with permissive genetics (HLA-DQ2/DQ8 genotype) following exposure to certain wheat proteins. The histopathologic manifestations of small intestinal mucosal injury (villus atrophy, crypt hyperplasia, and intraepithelial lymphocytosis) are well recognized. However, these findings are not specific for celiac disease, because they are observed in other small intestinal disorders. Read More

Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2019 03 13;48(1):101-113. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Department of Pediatrics, Center for Celiac Research, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Piazzale Martelli Raffaele, 8, Ancona, Ancona 60121, Italy; Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Massachussets General Hospital, Boston, MA 33131, USA.

Celiac disease, once thought to be very uncommon in Asia, is now emerging in many Asian countries. Although the absolute number of patients with celiac disease at present is not very high, this number is expected to increase markedly over the next few years/decades owing to increasing awareness. It is now that the medical community across the Asia should define the extent of the problem and prepare to handle the impending epidemic of celiac disease in Asia. Read More