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Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2020 Jun 26. Epub 2020 Jun 26.

Nuclear Medicine Unit, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical value of Ga-PSMA PET/CT negativity in patients with biochemical recurrent prostate cancer (BCR).

Methods: One hundred three BCR patients (median age, 70 years; median PSA, 0.47 ng/mL) with negative Ga-PSMA PET/CT, followed up for at least 1 year, were retrospectively identified in a database of 1003 consecutive patients undergoing Ga-PSMA PET/CT for BCR. Read More

MAGMA 2020 Feb 1;33(1):177-195. Epub 2019 Nov 1.

Department of Radiology, Center for Biomedical Imaging (CBI), Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R), NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.

Objectives: Standardization is an important milestone in the validation of DWI-based parameters as imaging biomarkers for renal disease. Here, we propose technical recommendations on three variants of renal DWI, monoexponential DWI, IVIM and DTI, as well as associated MRI biomarkers (ADC, D, D*, f, FA and MD) to aid ongoing international efforts on methodological harmonization.

Materials And Methods: Reported DWI biomarkers from 194 prior renal DWI studies were extracted and Pearson correlations between diffusion biomarkers and protocol parameters were computed. Read More

J Clin Ultrasound 2020 Jan 4;48(1):45-47. Epub 2019 Oct 4.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.

Caroli syndrome is a developmental disorder caused by complete or partial arrest of ductal plate remodeling, leading to dilated bile ducts along with fibrosis surrounding the portal tracts. It is most commonly associated with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney (ARPKD). We report a unique case of Caroli syndrome, diagnosed prenatally at 24 weeks of gestation in a 29-year-old Thai woman. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Aug;98(35):e16909

Department of Hepatology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China, Jilin Province, China.

Rationale: Congenital hepatic fibrosis (CHF) is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by periportal fibrosis, portal hypertension, and renal cystic disease. Essentially, CHF is a variant of fibrocystic disorder in which liver and kidney are commonly affected. Other frequently associated conditions include Caroli syndrome and polycystic kidney disease. Read More

MAGMA 2020 Feb 17;33(1):3-21. Epub 2019 Aug 17.

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy.

Objective: Phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI) is a non-invasive method used to compute blood flow velocity and volume. This systematic review aims to discuss the current status of renal PC-MRI and provide practical recommendations which could inform future clinical studies and its adoption in clinical practice.

Methodology: A comprehensive search of all the PC-MRI studies in human healthy subjects or patients related to the kidneys was performed. Read More

Echo Res Pract 2019 Sep 9;6(3):63-70. Epub 2019 Jul 9.

Department of Congenital Heart Disease, Evelina London Children's Hospital, London, UK.

Background: The Technical Performance Score (TPS) developed by Boston Children's Hospital showed surgical outcomes correlate with adequacy of technical repair when implemented on pre-discharge echocardiograms. We applied this scoring system to intraoperative imaging in a tertiary UK congenital heart surgical centre.

Methods: After a period of training, intraoperative TPS (epicardial and/or transesophageal echocardiography) was instituted. Read More

J Neurol 2019 Oct 2;266(10):2535-2545. Epub 2019 Jul 2.

Laboratory of Neuroimaging of Aging (LANVIE), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.

Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the impact of age at onset on the prognostic value of Alzheimer's biomarkers in a large sample of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods: We measured Aβ42, t-tau, hippocampal volume on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cortical metabolism on fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in 188 MCI patients followed for at least 1 year. We categorised patients into earlier and later onset (EO/LO). Read More

Curr Probl Diagn Radiol 2020 Jul - Aug;49(4):285-293. Epub 2019 Apr 6.

Section of Radiology - BiND, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone", Palermo, Italy.

Congenital cystic lesions of the bile ducts represent a spectrum of liver and biliary system lesions, resulting from abnormal embryologic development of the ductal plate. These disorders include Caroli disease, choledochal cysts, autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease, congenital hepatic fibrosis, and biliary hamartomas. Each disorder carries a peculiar clinical presentation, prognosis, and risk of complications. Read More

Abdom Radiol (NY) 2019 06;44(6):2156-2171

Radiology Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Services, IRCCS ISMETT (Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies), Via Tricomi 5, 90127, Palermo, Italy.

Fibropolycystic liver diseases, also known as ductal plate malformations, are a group of associated congenital disorders resulting from abnormal development of the biliary ductal system. These disorders include congenital hepatic fibrosis, biliary hamartomas, polycystic liver disease, choledochal cysts and Caroli disease. Recently, it has been thought to include biliary atresia in this group of diseases, because ductal plate malformations could be implicated in the pathogenesis of this disease. Read More

Radiology 2019 03 1;290(3):769-782. Epub 2019 Jan 1.

From the Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Center for Pediatrics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Mathildenstr 1, 79106 Freiburg, Germany (C.G.); Department of Pediatric Radiology, Jeanne de Flandre Mother and Child Hospital, University of Lille, Lille, France (E.F.A.); Department of Pediatric Radiology, University Hospital of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (L.B.); Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (K.B.); Department of Bioengineering, IRCCS Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Bergamo, Italy (A.C.); Department of Pediatrics II, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany (M.C.); Department of Pediatric Kidney, Liver and Metabolic Diseases, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (D.H., D.F., L.P.); Division of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (E.A.H.); Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital, Münster, Germany (J.K., A.T.); Department of Pediatrics and Center for Molecular Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (M.C.L.); Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (D.M.); PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Pediatrics, Department of Development and Regeneration, GPURE, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (D.M.); PKD Research Group, Department of Development and Regeneration, Catholic University Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium (D.M.); Academic Nephrology Unit, Department of Infection Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England (A.C.M.O.); Department of Nephrology, Fundació Puigvert, Autonomous University of Barcelona, IIB Sant Pau, REDINREN, Barcelona, Spain (R.T.); University College London Great Ormond Street, Institute of Child Health, London, England (P.J.D.W.); and Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany (F.S.).

Kidney cysts can manifest as focal disease (simple and complex kidney cysts), affect a whole kidney (eg, multicystic dysplastic kidney or cystic dysplasia), or manifest as bilateral cystic disease (eg, autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease [ARPKD] or autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease [ADPKD]). In children, as opposed to adults, a larger proportion of kidney cysts are due to genetic diseases (eg, HNF1B nephropathy, various ciliopathies, and tuberous sclerosis complex), and fewer patients have simple cysts or acquired cystic kidney disease. The purpose of this consensus statement is to provide clinical guidance on standardization of imaging tests to evaluate kidney cysts in children. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Dec 14;11(1). Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Department of Hepatopancreaticobiliary Surgery, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, Tamil nadu, India.

Haemostatic radiation was effectively used as a novel rescue therapy in a 60-year-old man who presented with recurrent melaena refractory to all conventional medical and surgical measures. He needed multiple transfusions and was diagnosed to be bleeding from an intraductal papillary biliary neoplasm which was not amenable to surgical resection in view of the background liver disease. He received conventional radiation therapy (RT) of a dose of 3 Gy per fraction for 3 consecutive days after which he stabilised. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Dec 3;11(1). Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Urology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Caroli's disease is a rare congenital disorder with incidence rate of approximately 1 in 1 000 000 population. Renal anomalies which may be associated with Caroli's disease include medullary sponge kidney (MSK), cortical cysts, adult recessive polycystic kidney disease and rarely autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Exact incidence of MSK in patients of Caroli's disease is not known. Read More

Radiol Case Rep 2019 Feb 26;14(2):265-268. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 34th Street and Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 10104, USA.

Caroli syndrome, which is characterized by saccular and fusiform dilatation of the biliary ducts, is usually observed in association with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD). Although the diagnosis of ARPKD is generally easy to make in postnatal ultrasound, the diagnosis of Caroli syndrome may be challenging in prenatal ultrasound. Herein, we present a case of a 29-week fetus with ARPKD associated with Caroli syndrome in whom fetal magnetic resonance imaging was essential to identify the "central dot sign" within the dilated biliary ducts to confirm the prenatal diagnosis of Caroli syndrome and to increase our level of confidence in this diagnosis. Read More

Radiat Oncol 2018 Oct 25;13(1):211. Epub 2018 Oct 25.

Radiotherapy, University Hospital "Maggiore della Carità", Novara, Italy.

Background: [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ([18F] FDG-PET/CT) may be used for tumor staging and prognosis in several tumors but its role in rectal cancer is still debated. The aim of the present study was to assess the correlation of baseline [18F] FDG-PET parameters with tumor staging, tumor response (tumor regression grade (TRG)), and outcome in a series of patients affected by locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT).

Methods: One hundred patients treated with neoadjuvant CRT and radical surgery were enrolled in the present study. Read More

J Bras Nefrol 2019 Apr-Jun;41(2):300-303. Epub 2018 Sep 6.

Hospital São José, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Jaraguá do Sul, SC, Brasil.

A 16-year-old female patient previously diagnosed with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) presented with acute bilateral pneumonia, upper gastrointestinal bleeding caused by ruptured esophageal varices, ascites, and lower limb edema. She required intensive care and an endoscopic procedure to treat the gastrointestinal bleeding. The analysis of the differential diagnosis for chronic liver disease indicated she had a spontaneous splenorenal shunt. Read More

Nephrol Dial Transplant 2018 09;33(suppl_2):ii4-ii14

Leeds Imaging Biomarkers Group, Department of Biomedical Imaging Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.

Functional renal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has seen a number of recent advances, and techniques are now available that can generate quantitative imaging biomarkers with the potential to improve the management of kidney disease. Such biomarkers are sensitive to changes in renal blood flow, tissue perfusion, oxygenation and microstructure (including inflammation and fibrosis), processes that are important in a range of renal diseases including chronic kidney disease. However, several challenges remain to move these techniques towards clinical adoption, from technical validation through biological and clinical validation, to demonstration of cost-effectiveness and regulatory qualification. Read More

Nephrol Dial Transplant 2018 09;33(suppl_2):ii41-ii50

Clinic of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.

This systematic review, initiated by the European Cooperation in Science and Technology Action Magnetic Resonance Imaging Biomarkers for Chronic Kidney Disease (PARENCHIMA), focuses on potential clinical applications of magnetic resonance imaging in renal non-tumour disease using magnetic resonance relaxometry (MRR), specifically, the measurement of the independent quantitative magnetic resonance relaxation times T1 and T2 at 1.5 and 3Tesla (T), respectively. Healthy subjects show a distinguishable cortico-medullary differentiation (CMD) in T1 and a slight CMD in T2. Read More

Nephrol Dial Transplant 2018 09;33(suppl_2):ii29-ii40

Division of Radiology, Geneva University Hospitals, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) is a non-invasive method sensitive to local water motion in the tissue. As a tool to probe the microstructure, including the presence and potentially the degree of renal fibrosis, DWI has the potential to become an effective imaging biomarker. The aim of this review is to discuss the current status of renal DWI in diffuse renal diseases. Read More

Nephrol Dial Transplant 2018 09;33(suppl_2):ii22-ii28

Department of Radiology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.

Tissue hypoxia plays a key role in the development and progression of many kidney diseases. Blood oxygenation level-dependent magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-MRI) is the most promising imaging technique to monitor renal tissue oxygenation in humans. BOLD-MRI measures renal tissue deoxyhaemoglobin levels voxel by voxel. Read More

Endoscopy 2018 10 3;50(10):E276-E278. Epub 2018 Jul 3.

Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2018 Apr;50(2):335-339

Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.

This case report is about one genetically specified diagnosed infant case of Caroli syndrome with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) in China. The patient in this case report was an eight-month infant boy with an atypical onset and the main clinical manifestation was non-symptomatic enlargement of the liver and kidneys. The imaging study demonstrated a diffused cystic dilatation of intrahepatic bile ducts as well as polycystic changes in bilateral kidneys. Read More

Gastroenterology 2018 Sep 6;155(3):621-622. Epub 2018 Apr 6.

Liver Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.

AJR Am J Roentgenol 2018 Apr 15;210(4):748-760. Epub 2018 Feb 15.

1 Department of Radiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Jackson Memorial Hospital, 1611 NW 12th Ave, WW 279, Miami, FL 33136-1015.

Objective: The purpose of this article is to review the relevant pathophysiologic features, appearances, and surgical implications of choledochal malformations.

Conclusion: Choledochal malformations, colloquially called choledochal cysts, initially described in 1723, have been recategorized multiple times, the most widely accepted being the Todani classification based on morphologic features and location. Although readily applied to imaging findings, this classification system does not correlate well with clinical and surgical management. Read More

Abdom Radiol (NY) 2018 07;43(7):1612-1626

Radiology Unit, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Services, IRCCS ISMETT (Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies), via Tricomi 5, 90127, Palermo, Italy.

The diagnosis of cirrhosis can be reached on the basis of established hepatic morphological changes. However, some other conditions can mimic cirrhosis. The aim of this pictorial essay is to review the CT and MRI appearances of hepatic morphology abnormalities in the cirrhotic liver and other diseases, describing pathologic conditions that can mimic cirrhosis, with useful tips for the differential diagnosis. Read More

Internist (Berl) 2018 Mar;59(3):276-281

ZEuS (Zentrum für Endoskopie und Ultraschall), Medizinische Klinik I, ViDiA Christliche Kliniken Karlsruhe, Diakonissenstr. 28, 76199, Karlsruhe, Deutschland.

A 44-year-old Filipino woman presented with abdominal pain and fever. Clinical examination and blood tests revealed no pathological results; however, (cross-sectional) imaging showed saccular cystic bile duct dilatation in the right liver with solid intraductal masses. Due to the clinical presentation the patient was admitted for surgical intervention with the diagnosis of Caroli disease. Read More

Transpl Infect Dis 2017 Dec 3;19(6). Epub 2017 Nov 3.

Department of Renal Surgery, University Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.

This case describes a patient being considered for combined liver-kidney transplantation for Caroli's disease with a failed renal transplant. A chronic septic focus could not be located with standard imaging techniques, such as ultrasonography and computed tomography. This case report highlights the observation that a retained non-functioning transplant can be the cause of fever of unknown origin and PET-CT can be useful in diagnosing these challenging cases. Read More

Diagn Pathol 2017 Aug 16;12(1):61. Epub 2017 Aug 16.

Institute of Translational Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Background: Abernethy malformation is a rare congenital anomaly characterised by the partial or complete absence of the portal vein and the subsequent development of an extrahepatic portosystemic shunt. Caroli's disease is a rare congenital condition characterised by non-obstructive saccular intrahepatic bile duct dilation. Caroli's disease combined with congenital hepatic fibrosis and/or renal cystic disease is referred to - Caroli's syndrome. Read More

J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2017 Dec 29;39(12):1176-1179. Epub 2017 Jun 29.

Department of Obstetrics, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address:

Background: Caroli disease is a very rare congenital anomaly characterized by non-obstructive saccular or fusiform dilatation of the intrahepatic bile ducts. It is associated with bile stagnation and hepatolithiasis, which explain the recurrent cholangitis and portal hypertension as a consequence of congenital liver fibrosis. Although there are several reports of diagnosis in childhood and adult life, the prenatal diagnosis using conventional 2-D ultrasound is rare, with few reports in the literature. Read More

Nephrology (Carlton) 2017 Jul;22(7):566-571

Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.

WDR19 has been reported as a causative gene of nephronophthisis-related ciliopathies. Patients with WDR19 mutations can show various extrarenal manifestations such as skeletal disorders, Caroli disease, and retinal dystrophy, and typically display nephronophthisis as a renal phenotype. However, there is limited information on the renal phenotypes of patients with WDR19 mutations. Read More

PLoS One 2017 30;12(5):e0178488. Epub 2017 May 30.

Bioengineering Department, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Bergamo, Italy.

Background: In autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), total kidney volume (TKV) is regarded as an important biomarker of disease progression and different methods are available to assess kidney volume. The purpose of this study was to identify the most efficient kidney volume computation method to be used in clinical studies evaluating the effectiveness of treatments on ADPKD progression.

Methods And Findings: We measured single kidney volume (SKV) on two series of MR and CT images from clinical studies on ADPKD (experimental dataset) by two independent operators (expert and beginner), twice, using all of the available methods: polyline manual tracing (reference method), free-hand manual tracing, semi-automatic tracing, Stereology, Mid-slice and Ellipsoid method. Read More

Sci Rep 2017 05 17;7(1):2049. Epub 2017 May 17.

Computer Aided Medical Procedures, Technische Universität München, Garching bei München, 85748, Germany.

Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) is the most common inherited disorder of the kidneys. It is characterized by enlargement of the kidneys caused by progressive development of renal cysts, and thus assessment of total kidney volume (TKV) is crucial for studying disease progression in ADPKD. However, automatic segmentation of polycystic kidneys is a challenging task due to severe alteration in the morphology caused by non-uniform cyst formation and presence of adjacent liver cysts. Read More

Pediatr Surg Int 2017 Jun 31;33(6):637-650. Epub 2017 Mar 31.

The Urban Meyer III and Shelley Meyer Chair for Cancer Research, Department of Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, Ohio State University, 395 W. 12th Ave., Suite 670, Columbus, OH, USA.

Choledochal cysts are rare congenital disorders first described by Vater and Ezler in 1723. Their exact etiology remains incompletely understood; however, an anomalous pancreaticobiliary union (APBDU) and subsequent reflux of biliary contents into the biliary tree are thought to play a role. Accordingly, APBDU-associated choledochal cyst patients are significantly more likely to have evidence of hepatitis, cholangitis or pancreatitis and pathologically confirmed inflammation. Read More

Gastroenterology 2017 Mar 1;152(4):697-698. Epub 2017 Feb 1.

Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China.

Medicine (Baltimore) 2016 Nov;95(44):e5293

aDepartment of RadiologybDepartment of Pathology, Soonchunhyang University, College of Medicine, Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea.

Background: Double gallbladder (GB) is a rare congenital anomaly of the biliary system characterized by the presence of an accessory GB.

Clinical Findings: A 38-year-old female presented with a history of right upper quadrant (RUQ) pain. Computed tomography (CT) showed a lobulated cystic mass involving the center portion of liver. Read More

J Neurosurg Spine 2016 Nov 3;25(5):556-565. Epub 2016 Jun 3.

Neurocentre, Regional Hospital Liberec, Czech Republic.

OBJECTIVE Recent studies have described encouraging outcomes after cervical total disc replacement (cTDR), but there are also critical debates regarding the long-term effects of heterotopic ossification (HO) and the prevalence of adjacent-level degeneration. The aim in this paper was to provide 4-year clinical and radiographic outcome results on the activ C disc prosthesis. METHODS A total of 200 subjects underwent single-level activ C (Aesculap AG) implantation between C-3 and C-7 for the treatment of symptomatic degenerative disc disease. Read More

Intern Med 2016;55(20):3009-3012. Epub 2016 Oct 15.

Nephrology Center, Toranomon Hospital, Japan.

We herein present a rare case of an autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) patient with Caroli's disease, a congenital embryonic biliary tree ductal plate abnormality often associated with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease. A 76-year-old woman with ADPKD on hemodialysis was admitted to our hospital with recurrent cholangitis and hepatobiliary stones. Caroli's disease was diagnosed according to typical imaging findings of cystic intrahepatic bile duct dilatation and the central dot sign. Read More

Neurobiol Aging 2016 12 31;48:122-134. Epub 2016 Aug 31.

Department of Integrated Imaging, IRCCS SDN, Napoli, Italy; Department of Motor Sciences and Healthiness, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy.

Cortical sources of resting state electroencephalographic (EEG) delta (2-4 Hz) and low-frequency alpha (8-10.5 Hz) rhythms show abnormal activity (i.e. Read More

Dig Dis Sci 2016 10 3;61(10):2807-2811. Epub 2016 Sep 3.

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, 1 University of New Mexico, MSC10-5550, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.

Nefrologia 2016 May-Jun;36(3):318-20. Epub 2016 Mar 11.

Unidad de Nefro-genética, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, España.

Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2016 05 22;11(5):785-94. Epub 2016 Feb 22.

Clinical Research Center for Rare Diseases "Aldo e Cele Daccò," IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri," Bergamo, Italy; Units of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

Background And Objectives: The effect of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors has never been tested in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) and severe renal insufficiency.

Design, Setting, Participants, & Measurements: In this academic, prospective, randomized, open label, blinded end point, parallel group trial (ClinicalTrials.gov no. Read More

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2016 Jun 27;43(6):1040-6. Epub 2015 Nov 27.

Nuclear Medicine and Radiometabolic Unit, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Via Maroncelli 40, 47014, Meldola, Italy.

Purpose: Typical and atypical carcinoids (TC and AC) represent 20 - 25 % of all neuroendocrine tumours. No standard therapeutic approach is available for patients with advanced disease. The aim of this phase II study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy with (177)Lu-DOTATATE (Lu-PRRT) and the role of thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1) and (18)F-FDG PET as prognostic factors in patients with advanced TC or AC. Read More

Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016 Dec 18;39(10):669-670. Epub 2015 Nov 18.

Department of Imaging, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil; Department of Radiology, Hospital São Luiz, Fleury Medicina Diagnóstica, Brazil.

Diagn Interv Imaging 2016 Apr 27;97(4):401-9. Epub 2015 Oct 27.

Department of diagnostic and interventional radiology, digestive, thoracic and oncologic unit, CHU de Dijon, 14, rue Paul-Gaffarel, BP 77908, 21079 Dijon cedex, France.

Von Meyenburg complexes, or biliary hamartomas, are frequently incidentally detected. They are usually easy to characterize with magnetic resonance imaging. However, in some occasions they are difficult to differentiate from other liver lesions, in particular from small liver metastases. Read More

Clin Mol Hepatol 2015 Jun 26;21(2):175-9. Epub 2015 Jun 26.

Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Caroli's disease is a rare autosomal-recessive disorder caused by malformation of the ductal plate during embryonic development. Although it is present at birth, Caroli's disease is typically not diagnosed until between the second and fourth decades of life, as it was in the present patient. Here we report a rare case of Caroli's disease limited to one liver segment, which was initially misdiagnosed as an intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct. Read More

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2015 Dec 26;42(13):1955-63. Epub 2015 Jun 26.

Nuclear Medicine Unit, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Via Maroncelli 40, 47014, Meldola, FC, Italy.

Purpose: Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) is a valid therapy for grade 1/2 gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs). Although a median progression-free survival (PFS) of more than 20 months is frequently observed, the majority of patients relapse after 2 - 3 years. In the present study, we investigated the use of low dosage re-treatment with (177)Lu-DOTATATE (Lu-PRRT) in patients with GEP-NENs who relapsed after treatment with (90)Y-DOTATOC (Y-PRRT). Read More

Am J Gastroenterol 2015 Apr;110(4):497

Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy.

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2015 Jul 26;42(8):1276-83. Epub 2015 Mar 26.

Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, via Maroncelli 40, 47014, Meldola, Italy,

Purpose: We investigated the role of (18)F-methylcholine (FCH) PET/CT in the early evaluation of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) treated with enzalutamide.

Methods: The study group comprised 36 patients with a median age of 72 years (range 48-90 years) who were treated with enzalutamide 160 mg once daily after at least one chemotherapeutic regimen with docetaxel. Patients were evaluated monthly for serological prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response. Read More

J Paediatr Child Health 2015 Mar;51(3):347-8

Department of Paediatrics, Lister Hospital, Stevenage, UK.