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Radiology 2018 Dec 18:181243. Epub 2018 Dec 18.

From the Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Center for Pediatrics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Mathildenstr 1, 79106 Freiburg, Germany (C.G.); Department of Pediatric Radiology, Jeanne de Flandre Mother and Child Hospital, University of Lille, Lille, France (E.F.A.); Department of Pediatric Radiology, University Hospital of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (L.B.); Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (K.B.); Department of Bioengineering, IRCCS Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Bergamo, Italy (A.C.); Department of Pediatrics II, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany (M.C.); Department of Pediatric Kidney, Liver and Metabolic Diseases, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (D.H., D.F., L.P.); Division of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (E.A.H.); Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital, Münster, Germany (J.K., A.T.); Department of Pediatrics and Center for Molecular Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (M.C.L.); Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (D.M.); PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Pediatrics, Department of Development and Regeneration, GPURE, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (D.M.); PKD Research Group, Department of Development and Regeneration, Catholic University Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium (D.M.); Academic Nephrology Unit, Department of Infection Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England (A.C.M.O.); Department of Nephrology, Fundació Puigvert, Autonomous University of Barcelona, IIB Sant Pau, REDINREN, Barcelona, Spain (R.T.); University College London Great Ormond Street, Institute of Child Health, London, England (P.J.D.W.); and Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany (F.S.).

Kidney cysts can manifest as focal disease (simple and complex kidney cysts), affect a whole kidney (eg, multicystic dysplastic kidney or cystic dysplasia), or manifest as bilateral cystic disease (eg, autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease [ARPKD] or autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease [ADPKD]). In children, as opposed to adults, a larger proportion of kidney cysts are due to genetic diseases (eg, HNF1B nephropathy, various ciliopathies, and tuberous sclerosis complex), and fewer patients have simple cysts or acquired cystic kidney disease. The purpose of this consensus statement is to provide clinical guidance on standardization of imaging tests to evaluate kidney cysts in children. Read More

Radiol Case Rep 2019 Feb 26;14(2):265-268. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 34th Street and Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 10104, USA.

Caroli syndrome, which is characterized by saccular and fusiform dilatation of the biliary ducts, is usually observed in association with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD). Although the diagnosis of ARPKD is generally easy to make in postnatal ultrasound, the diagnosis of Caroli syndrome may be challenging in prenatal ultrasound. Herein, we present a case of a 29-week fetus with ARPKD associated with Caroli syndrome in whom fetal magnetic resonance imaging was essential to identify the "central dot sign" within the dilated biliary ducts to confirm the prenatal diagnosis of Caroli syndrome and to increase our level of confidence in this diagnosis. Read More

Radiat Oncol 2018 Oct 25;13(1):211. Epub 2018 Oct 25.

Radiotherapy, University Hospital "Maggiore della Carità", Novara, Italy.

Background: [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ([18F] FDG-PET/CT) may be used for tumor staging and prognosis in several tumors but its role in rectal cancer is still debated. The aim of the present study was to assess the correlation of baseline [18F] FDG-PET parameters with tumor staging, tumor response (tumor regression grade (TRG)), and outcome in a series of patients affected by locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT).

Methods: One hundred patients treated with neoadjuvant CRT and radical surgery were enrolled in the present study. Read More

Nephrol Dial Transplant 2018 Sep;33(suppl_2):ii4-ii14

Leeds Imaging Biomarkers Group, Department of Biomedical Imaging Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.

Functional renal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has seen a number of recent advances, and techniques are now available that can generate quantitative imaging biomarkers with the potential to improve the management of kidney disease. Such biomarkers are sensitive to changes in renal blood flow, tissue perfusion, oxygenation and microstructure (including inflammation and fibrosis), processes that are important in a range of renal diseases including chronic kidney disease. However, several challenges remain to move these techniques towards clinical adoption, from technical validation through biological and clinical validation, to demonstration of cost-effectiveness and regulatory qualification. Read More

Nephrol Dial Transplant 2018 Sep;33(suppl_2):ii41-ii50

Clinic of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.

This systematic review, initiated by the European Cooperation in Science and Technology Action Magnetic Resonance Imaging Biomarkers for Chronic Kidney Disease (PARENCHIMA), focuses on potential clinical applications of magnetic resonance imaging in renal non-tumour disease using magnetic resonance relaxometry (MRR), specifically, the measurement of the independent quantitative magnetic resonance relaxation times T1 and T2 at 1.5 and 3Tesla (T), respectively. Healthy subjects show a distinguishable cortico-medullary differentiation (CMD) in T1 and a slight CMD in T2. Read More

Nephrol Dial Transplant 2018 Sep;33(suppl_2):ii29-ii40

Division of Radiology, Geneva University Hospitals, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) is a non-invasive method sensitive to local water motion in the tissue. As a tool to probe the microstructure, including the presence and potentially the degree of renal fibrosis, DWI has the potential to become an effective imaging biomarker. The aim of this review is to discuss the current status of renal DWI in diffuse renal diseases. Read More

Nephrol Dial Transplant 2018 Sep;33(suppl_2):ii22-ii28

Department of Radiology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.

Tissue hypoxia plays a key role in the development and progression of many kidney diseases. Blood oxygenation level-dependent magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-MRI) is the most promising imaging technique to monitor renal tissue oxygenation in humans. BOLD-MRI measures renal tissue deoxyhaemoglobin levels voxel by voxel. Read More

Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2018 Apr;50(2):335-339

Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.

This case report is about one genetically specified diagnosed infant case of Caroli syndrome with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) in China. The patient in this case report was an eight-month infant boy with an atypical onset and the main clinical manifestation was non-symptomatic enlargement of the liver and kidneys. The imaging study demonstrated a diffused cystic dilatation of intrahepatic bile ducts as well as polycystic changes in bilateral kidneys. Read More

Gastroenterology 2018 Sep 6;155(3):621-622. Epub 2018 Apr 6.

Liver Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.

AJR Am J Roentgenol 2018 Apr 15;210(4):748-760. Epub 2018 Feb 15.

1 Department of Radiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Jackson Memorial Hospital, 1611 NW 12th Ave, WW 279, Miami, FL 33136-1015.

Objective: The purpose of this article is to review the relevant pathophysiologic features, appearances, and surgical implications of choledochal malformations.

Conclusion: Choledochal malformations, colloquially called choledochal cysts, initially described in 1723, have been recategorized multiple times, the most widely accepted being the Todani classification based on morphologic features and location. Although readily applied to imaging findings, this classification system does not correlate well with clinical and surgical management. Read More

Internist (Berl) 2018 Mar;59(3):276-281

ZEuS (Zentrum für Endoskopie und Ultraschall), Medizinische Klinik I, ViDiA Christliche Kliniken Karlsruhe, Diakonissenstr. 28, 76199, Karlsruhe, Deutschland.

A 44-year-old Filipino woman presented with abdominal pain and fever. Clinical examination and blood tests revealed no pathological results; however, (cross-sectional) imaging showed saccular cystic bile duct dilatation in the right liver with solid intraductal masses. Due to the clinical presentation the patient was admitted for surgical intervention with the diagnosis of Caroli disease. Read More

Transpl Infect Dis 2017 Dec 3;19(6). Epub 2017 Nov 3.

Department of Renal Surgery, University Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.

This case describes a patient being considered for combined liver-kidney transplantation for Caroli's disease with a failed renal transplant. A chronic septic focus could not be located with standard imaging techniques, such as ultrasonography and computed tomography. This case report highlights the observation that a retained non-functioning transplant can be the cause of fever of unknown origin and PET-CT can be useful in diagnosing these challenging cases. Read More

Diagn Pathol 2017 Aug 16;12(1):61. Epub 2017 Aug 16.

Institute of Translational Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Background: Abernethy malformation is a rare congenital anomaly characterised by the partial or complete absence of the portal vein and the subsequent development of an extrahepatic portosystemic shunt. Caroli's disease is a rare congenital condition characterised by non-obstructive saccular intrahepatic bile duct dilation. Caroli's disease combined with congenital hepatic fibrosis and/or renal cystic disease is referred to - Caroli's syndrome. Read More

J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2017 Dec 29;39(12):1176-1179. Epub 2017 Jun 29.

Department of Obstetrics, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address:

Background: Caroli disease is a very rare congenital anomaly characterized by non-obstructive saccular or fusiform dilatation of the intrahepatic bile ducts. It is associated with bile stagnation and hepatolithiasis, which explain the recurrent cholangitis and portal hypertension as a consequence of congenital liver fibrosis. Although there are several reports of diagnosis in childhood and adult life, the prenatal diagnosis using conventional 2-D ultrasound is rare, with few reports in the literature. Read More

Nephrology (Carlton) 2017 Jul;22(7):566-571

Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.

WDR19 has been reported as a causative gene of nephronophthisis-related ciliopathies. Patients with WDR19 mutations can show various extrarenal manifestations such as skeletal disorders, Caroli disease, and retinal dystrophy, and typically display nephronophthisis as a renal phenotype. However, there is limited information on the renal phenotypes of patients with WDR19 mutations. Read More

PLoS One 2017 30;12(5):e0178488. Epub 2017 May 30.

Bioengineering Department, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Bergamo, Italy.

Background: In autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), total kidney volume (TKV) is regarded as an important biomarker of disease progression and different methods are available to assess kidney volume. The purpose of this study was to identify the most efficient kidney volume computation method to be used in clinical studies evaluating the effectiveness of treatments on ADPKD progression.

Methods And Findings: We measured single kidney volume (SKV) on two series of MR and CT images from clinical studies on ADPKD (experimental dataset) by two independent operators (expert and beginner), twice, using all of the available methods: polyline manual tracing (reference method), free-hand manual tracing, semi-automatic tracing, Stereology, Mid-slice and Ellipsoid method. Read More

Sci Rep 2017 05 17;7(1):2049. Epub 2017 May 17.

Computer Aided Medical Procedures, Technische Universität München, Garching bei München, 85748, Germany.

Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) is the most common inherited disorder of the kidneys. It is characterized by enlargement of the kidneys caused by progressive development of renal cysts, and thus assessment of total kidney volume (TKV) is crucial for studying disease progression in ADPKD. However, automatic segmentation of polycystic kidneys is a challenging task due to severe alteration in the morphology caused by non-uniform cyst formation and presence of adjacent liver cysts. Read More

Pediatr Surg Int 2017 Jun 31;33(6):637-650. Epub 2017 Mar 31.

The Urban Meyer III and Shelley Meyer Chair for Cancer Research, Department of Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, Ohio State University, 395 W. 12th Ave., Suite 670, Columbus, OH, USA.

Choledochal cysts are rare congenital disorders first described by Vater and Ezler in 1723. Their exact etiology remains incompletely understood; however, an anomalous pancreaticobiliary union (APBDU) and subsequent reflux of biliary contents into the biliary tree are thought to play a role. Accordingly, APBDU-associated choledochal cyst patients are significantly more likely to have evidence of hepatitis, cholangitis or pancreatitis and pathologically confirmed inflammation. Read More

Gastroenterology 2017 Mar 1;152(4):697-698. Epub 2017 Feb 1.

Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China.

Medicine (Baltimore) 2016 Nov;95(44):e5293

aDepartment of RadiologybDepartment of Pathology, Soonchunhyang University, College of Medicine, Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea.

Background: Double gallbladder (GB) is a rare congenital anomaly of the biliary system characterized by the presence of an accessory GB.

Clinical Findings: A 38-year-old female presented with a history of right upper quadrant (RUQ) pain. Computed tomography (CT) showed a lobulated cystic mass involving the center portion of liver. Read More

J Neurosurg Spine 2016 Nov 3;25(5):556-565. Epub 2016 Jun 3.

Neurocentre, Regional Hospital Liberec, Czech Republic.

OBJECTIVE Recent studies have described encouraging outcomes after cervical total disc replacement (cTDR), but there are also critical debates regarding the long-term effects of heterotopic ossification (HO) and the prevalence of adjacent-level degeneration. The aim in this paper was to provide 4-year clinical and radiographic outcome results on the activ C disc prosthesis. METHODS A total of 200 subjects underwent single-level activ C (Aesculap AG) implantation between C-3 and C-7 for the treatment of symptomatic degenerative disc disease. Read More

Intern Med 2016;55(20):3009-3012. Epub 2016 Oct 15.

Nephrology Center, Toranomon Hospital, Japan.

We herein present a rare case of an autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) patient with Caroli's disease, a congenital embryonic biliary tree ductal plate abnormality often associated with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease. A 76-year-old woman with ADPKD on hemodialysis was admitted to our hospital with recurrent cholangitis and hepatobiliary stones. Caroli's disease was diagnosed according to typical imaging findings of cystic intrahepatic bile duct dilatation and the central dot sign. Read More

Neurobiol Aging 2016 12 31;48:122-134. Epub 2016 Aug 31.

Department of Integrated Imaging, IRCCS SDN, Napoli, Italy; Department of Motor Sciences and Healthiness, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy.

Cortical sources of resting state electroencephalographic (EEG) delta (2-4 Hz) and low-frequency alpha (8-10.5 Hz) rhythms show abnormal activity (i.e. Read More

Dig Dis Sci 2016 10 3;61(10):2807-2811. Epub 2016 Sep 3.

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, 1 University of New Mexico, MSC10-5550, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.

Nefrologia 2016 May-Jun;36(3):318-20. Epub 2016 Mar 11.

Unidad de Nefro-genética, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, España.

Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2016 05 22;11(5):785-94. Epub 2016 Feb 22.

Clinical Research Center for Rare Diseases "Aldo e Cele Daccò," IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri," Bergamo, Italy; Units of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

Background And Objectives: The effect of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors has never been tested in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) and severe renal insufficiency.

Design, Setting, Participants, & Measurements: In this academic, prospective, randomized, open label, blinded end point, parallel group trial (ClinicalTrials.gov no. Read More

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2016 Jun 27;43(6):1040-6. Epub 2015 Nov 27.

Nuclear Medicine and Radiometabolic Unit, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Via Maroncelli 40, 47014, Meldola, Italy.

Purpose: Typical and atypical carcinoids (TC and AC) represent 20 - 25 % of all neuroendocrine tumours. No standard therapeutic approach is available for patients with advanced disease. The aim of this phase II study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy with (177)Lu-DOTATATE (Lu-PRRT) and the role of thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1) and (18)F-FDG PET as prognostic factors in patients with advanced TC or AC. Read More

Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016 Dec 18;39(10):669-670. Epub 2015 Nov 18.

Department of Imaging, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil; Department of Radiology, Hospital São Luiz, Fleury Medicina Diagnóstica, Brazil.

Diagn Interv Imaging 2016 Apr 27;97(4):401-9. Epub 2015 Oct 27.

Department of diagnostic and interventional radiology, digestive, thoracic and oncologic unit, CHU de Dijon, 14, rue Paul-Gaffarel, BP 77908, 21079 Dijon cedex, France.

Von Meyenburg complexes, or biliary hamartomas, are frequently incidentally detected. They are usually easy to characterize with magnetic resonance imaging. However, in some occasions they are difficult to differentiate from other liver lesions, in particular from small liver metastases. Read More

Clin Mol Hepatol 2015 Jun 26;21(2):175-9. Epub 2015 Jun 26.

Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Caroli's disease is a rare autosomal-recessive disorder caused by malformation of the ductal plate during embryonic development. Although it is present at birth, Caroli's disease is typically not diagnosed until between the second and fourth decades of life, as it was in the present patient. Here we report a rare case of Caroli's disease limited to one liver segment, which was initially misdiagnosed as an intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct. Read More

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2015 Dec 26;42(13):1955-63. Epub 2015 Jun 26.

Nuclear Medicine Unit, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Via Maroncelli 40, 47014, Meldola, FC, Italy.

Purpose: Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) is a valid therapy for grade 1/2 gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs). Although a median progression-free survival (PFS) of more than 20 months is frequently observed, the majority of patients relapse after 2 - 3 years. In the present study, we investigated the use of low dosage re-treatment with (177)Lu-DOTATATE (Lu-PRRT) in patients with GEP-NENs who relapsed after treatment with (90)Y-DOTATOC (Y-PRRT). Read More

Am J Gastroenterol 2015 Apr;110(4):497

Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy.

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2015 Jul 26;42(8):1276-83. Epub 2015 Mar 26.

Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, via Maroncelli 40, 47014, Meldola, Italy,

Purpose: We investigated the role of (18)F-methylcholine (FCH) PET/CT in the early evaluation of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) treated with enzalutamide.

Methods: The study group comprised 36 patients with a median age of 72 years (range 48-90 years) who were treated with enzalutamide 160 mg once daily after at least one chemotherapeutic regimen with docetaxel. Patients were evaluated monthly for serological prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response. Read More

J Paediatr Child Health 2015 Mar;51(3):347-8

Department of Paediatrics, Lister Hospital, Stevenage, UK.

Alzheimers Dement 2015 Oct 31;11(10):1191-201. Epub 2015 Jan 31.

Laboratory of Epidemiology and Neuroimaging, IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy; Departments of Internal Medicine and Psychiatry, University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneve, Switzerland. Electronic address:

Introduction: Proposed diagnostic criteria (international working group and National Institute on Aging and Alzheimer's Association) for Alzheimer's disease (AD) include markers of amyloidosis (abnormal cerebrospinal fluid [CSF] amyloid beta [Aβ]42) and neurodegeneration (hippocampal atrophy, temporo-parietal hypometabolism on [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), and abnormal CSF tau). We aim to compare the accuracy of these biomarkers, individually and in combination, in predicting AD among mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients.

Methods: In 73 MCI patients, followed to ascertain AD progression, markers were measured. Read More

J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015 Feb;30(2):234

Hepatology and Gastroenterology Unit, Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy.

Hum Pathol 2015 Mar 9;46(3):426-33. Epub 2014 Dec 9.

Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637. Electronic address:

The aim of this study was to review the clinical, radiographic, and pathologic features of cases of benign segmental cholangiectasia in non-Asian US patients with clinical concern for cholangiocarcinoma and compare these features with cases of recurrent pyogenic cholangitis (RPC) in Asian patients. A total of 10 non-Asian US patients with benign segmental cholangiectasia were included in this study. Nine of them underwent partial hepatic resection due to cholangiographic findings of segmental cholangiectasia with mural thickening and/or proximal biliary stricture. Read More

Neurology 2015 Feb 7;84(5):508-15. Epub 2015 Jan 7.

From the Medical Imaging Unit (A.C.), Biomedical Engineering Department, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Bergamo; LENITEM-Laboratory of Epidemiology Neuroimaging and Telemedicine (A.P., S.G., C.F., A.R., G.B.F.), IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy; Alzheimer Center and Department of Neurology (W.M.v.d.F., R.O., P.S.), Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F.), Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (B.V.B., F.B.), and Neurochemistry Laboratorium and Biobank, Department of Clinical Chemistry (C.T.), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; PET-Center (A.E.W.), Section of Nuclear Medicine & PET, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Sciences, Uppsala University; Alzheimer Neurobiology Center (S.F.C., M.S., I.H.C., A.N.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre (S.F.C.), University of Manchester, UK; MedTech West (M.S.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Neuropsychiatry (I.H.C.), School of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universitat Muenchen, Germany; Department of Geriatric Medicine (A.N.), Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Nuclear Medicine (A.D.), University of Cologne, Germany; and Departments of Internal Medicine and Psychiatry (G.B.F.), University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Switzerland.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate predictors of progressive cognitive deterioration in patients with suspected non-Alzheimer disease pathology (SNAP) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods: We measured markers of amyloid pathology (CSF β-amyloid 42) and neurodegeneration (hippocampal volume on MRI and cortical metabolism on [(18)F]-fluorodeoxyglucose-PET) in 201 patients with MCI clinically followed for up to 6 years to detect progressive cognitive deterioration. We categorized patients with MCI as A+/A- and N+/N- based on presence/absence of amyloid pathology and neurodegeneration. Read More

Clin Mol Hepatol 2014 Dec;20(4):402-5

Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.

Oncotarget 2014 Dec;5(23):12448-58

Department of Nuclear Medicine, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (I.R.S.T.) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy.

Objective: We investigated the role of 18F-fluorocholine positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FCH-PET/CT) in the early evaluation of abiraterone and outcome prediction in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).

Patient And Methods: Forty-three patients with metastatic CRPC progressing after docetaxel received abiraterone 1,000 mg daily with prednisone 5 mg twice daily. Patients were evaluated monthly for serological PSA response and safety. Read More

Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2017 Mar 5;61(1):115-132. Epub 2014 Dec 5.

Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council (IBFM-CNR), Milan, Italy -

Background: Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) has been applied for single-subject evaluation of [18F]FDG uptake in Alzheimer Disease (AD). In a single-subject framework, the patient is compared to a dataset of [18F]FDG PET images from healthy subjects (HS) evaluating brain metabolic abnormalities. No studies exist that assess the effects on SPM analysis of HS [18F]FDG PET datasets acquired from different subjects and using different PET scanners including the same or different PET scanners than those used for patients. Read More

J Urol 2015 Feb 12;193(2):679-80. Epub 2014 Nov 12.

Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio.

Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2015 Apr-Jun;29(2):101-9

*Medical Imaging Unit, Biomedical Engineering Department, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Bergamo †Laboratory of Epidemiology and Neuroimaging, IRCCS Fatebenefratelli, Brescia §Department of Decision Science, Bocconi University, Milan, Italy ‡Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge **Institute of Brain, Behaviour, and Mental Health University of Cambridge, Cambridge ∥Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, AZ ¶Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA #Hannover Medical School, Clinic for Nuclear Medicine, Hannover, Germany ††Departments of Internal Medicine and Psychiatry, University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the performance and power of the best-established diagnostic biological markers as outcome measures for clinical trials in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging, F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography markers, and Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale were compared in terms of effect size and statistical power over different follow-up periods in 2 MCI groups, selected from Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative data set based on cerebrospinal fluid (abnormal cerebrospinal fluid Aβ1-42 concentration-ABETA+) or magnetic resonance imaging evidence of Alzheimer disease (positivity to hippocampal atrophy-HIPPO+). Biomarkers progression was modeled through mixed effect models. Read More

Neurobiol Aging 2015 Feb 25;36(2):776-88. Epub 2014 Oct 25.

Neuroscience Department, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milano, Italy. Electronic address:

Alzheimer's disease is experimentally modeled in transgenic (Tg) mice overexpressing mutated forms of the human amyloid precursor protein either alone or combined with mutated presenilins and tau. In the present study, we developed a systematic approach to compare double (TASTPM) and triple (APP/PS2/Tau) Tg mice by serial magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy analysis from 4 to 26 months of age to define homologous biomarkers between mice and humans. Hippocampal atrophy was found in Tg mice compared with WT. Read More

HPB (Oxford) 2015 Mar 19;17(3):278-83. Epub 2014 Oct 19.

Department of Graduate School, 301 Hospital, Beijing, China; Integrative Medical Centre, 302 Hospital, Beijing, China.

Background: Caroli's disease (CD) is a rare congenital disorder. The early diagnosis of the disease and differentiation of types I and II are of extreme importance to patient survival. This study was designed to review and discuss observations in 30 patients with CD and to clarify the clinical characteristics of the disease. Read More

Neuroinformatics 2014 Oct;12(4):575-93

Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council, Segrate, MI, Italy,

[18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a widely used diagnostic tool that can detect and quantify pathophysiology, as assessed through changes in cerebral glucose metabolism. [18F]-FDG PET scans can be analyzed using voxel-based statistical methods such as Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) that provide statistical maps of brain abnormalities in single patients. In order to perform SPM, a "spatial normalization" of an individual's PET scan is required to match a reference PET template. Read More

World J Gastroenterol 2014 Jun;20(22):7061-6

Nabil Gadelhak, Ahmed Shehta, Hosam Hamed, Department of Surgery, Gastrointestinal Surgical Center, Mansoura University, Manoura 35516, Dakahleyya, Egypt.

We report the first case series from Africa and the Middle East on choledochal cyst, a disease which shows significant geographical distribution with high incidence in the Asian population. In this study, the epidemiological data of the patients are presented and analyzed. Attention was paid to diagnostic imaging and its accuracy in the diagnosis and classification of choledochal cyst. Read More

Gut 2014 Oct 28;63(10):1626, 1625. Epub 2014 May 28.

Department of Gastroenterology, University College Hospital, London, UK.