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Resuscitation 2022 May 18. Epub 2022 May 18.

UT Southwestern Medical Center. Electronic address:

Background: We sought to describe ventilation rates during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) resuscitation and their associations with airway management strategy and outcomes.

Methods: We analyzed continuous end-tidal carbon dioxide capnography data from adult OHCA enrolled in the Pragmatic Airway Resuscitation Trial (PART). Using automated signal processing techniques, we determined continuous ventilation rate for consecutive 10-second epochs after airway insertion. Read More

Resuscitation 2022 May 18. Epub 2022 May 18.

The Royal Dutch Lifeboat Institution (KNRM), Ijmuiden, the Netherlands; Research Group Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussels, Elsene, Belgium.

J Pain Symptom Manage 2022 Jun;63(6):e621-e632

Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Cambia Palliative Care Center of Excellence at UW Medicine (R.A.E.), University of Washington, Seattle, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Context: Outcomes after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) remain poor. We have spent 10 years investigating an "informed assent" (IA) approach to discussing CPR with chronically ill patients/families. IA is a discussion framework whereby patients extremely unlikely to benefit from CPR are informed that unless they disagree, CPR will not be performed because it will not help achieve their goals, thus removing the burden of decision-making from the patient/family, while they retain an opportunity to disagree. Read More

Air Med J 2022 May-Jun;41(3):303-307. Epub 2022 Mar 11.

Regions Hospital Critical Care Research Center, Saint Paul, MN.

Objective: The primary purpose of this study was to compare the percentage of return of spontaneous circulation of in-flight cardiac arrest (IFCA) patients on admission to the emergency department (ED) who received in-flight standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation (s-CPR) versus automated cardiopulmonary resuscitation (a-CPR).

Setting: EMS helicopter (HEMS) service in Midwest USA.

Methods: This was a prospective, consecutive case series of adult patients who had IFCA of any cause managed with a-CPR between October 1, 2012, and February 8, 2016 (40 months), at a helicopter emergency medical service (HEMS) in the Midwestern United States. Read More

Ann Thorac Surg 2022 May 17. Epub 2022 May 17.

Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center, Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany.

Background: It is still controversial as to which cannulation-strategy for acute-type-A-aortic-dissection (AAD) is optimal. Antegrade-perfusion to diminish further organ-mal-perfusion and -ischemia are preferable.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed a total of 420 patients who underwent AAD-surgery from January 2001 to December 2019. Read More

Resusc Plus 2022 Jun 11;10:100242. Epub 2022 May 11.

Department of Clinical Sciences, Medical Faculty, Lund University, Helsingborg, Sweden.

Aim: To determine compression force variation (CFV) during mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and its relationship with CPR-related injuries and survival.

Methods: Adult non-traumatic OHCA patients who had been treated with mechanical CPR were evaluated for CPR-related injuries using chest X-rays, thoracic computed tomography or autopsy. The CFV exerted by the LUCAS 2 device was calculated as the difference between the maximum and the minimum force values and was categorised into three different groups (high positive CFV ≥ 95 newton (N), high negative CFV ≤ -95 N, and low variation for intermediate CFV). Read More

Resusc Plus 2022 Jun 11;10:100243. Epub 2022 May 11.

Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, United States.

Objective: The effect of cardiac arrest (CA) on cerebral transcriptomics and metabolomics is unknown. We previously demonstrated hemodynamic-directed CPR (HD-CPR) improves survival with favorable neurologic outcomes versus standard CPR (Std-CPR). We hypothesized HD-CPR would preserve the cerebral transcriptome and metabolome compared to Std-CPR. Read More

Br J Sports Med 2022 May 19. Epub 2022 May 19.

Department of Sports Medicine, Kokushikan University, Tama, Tokyo, Japan.

Objective: To describe neurological outcomes after sudden cardiac arrests (SCAs) in road and long-distance races using a rapid mobile automated external defibrillator system (RMAEDS) intervention.

Methods: A total of 42 SCAs from 3 214 701 runners in 334 road and long-distance races from 1 February 2007 to 29 February 2020 were examined. Demographics, SCA interventions, EMS-related data and SCA-related outcomes were measured. Read More

Resuscitation 2022 May 16. Epub 2022 May 16.

Center for Pediatric Resuscitation, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA.

Objective: To characterize chest compression (CC) pause duration during the last 5 minutes of pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) prior to extracorporeal-CPR (E-CPR) cannulation and the association with survival outcomes.

Methods: Cohort study from a resuscitation quality collaborative including pediatric E-CPR cardiac arrest events ≥10 min with CPR quality data. We characterized CC interruptions during the last 5 min of defibrillator-electrode recorded CPR (prior to cannulation) and assessed the association between the longest CC pause duration and survival outcomes using multivariable logistic regression. Read More

Eur J Pharmacol 2022 May 16:175037. Epub 2022 May 16.

Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Weil Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; Department of Emergency Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA, USA. Electronic address:

The systemic inflammatory response following global myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a critical driver of poor outcomes. Both pyroptosis and necroptosis are involved in the systemic inflammatory response and contribute to regional myocardial I/R injury. This study aimed to explore the effect of necrosulfonamide (NSA) on post-resuscitation myocardial dysfunction in a rat model of cardiac arrest. Read More

JAMA Netw Open 2022 May 2;5(5):e2212964. Epub 2022 May 2.

Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.

Importance: Increased bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is essential to improve survival after cardiac arrest. Although most studies focus on technical CPR skills, the randomized Lowlands Saves Lives trial prespecified a follow-up survey on other important aspects that affect the widespread performance of CPR.

Objective: To investigate bystander willingness to perform CPR on a stranger, theoretical knowledge retention, and dissemination of CPR awareness 6 months after undergoing short face-to-face and virtual reality (VR) CPR trainings. Read More

China CDC Wkly 2022 Jan;4(3):52-55

The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China.

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) presents a significant public health challenge in China. A sharp contrast in survival rate after OHCA exists between China and more developed countries. Due to the short life-saving time window, emergency medical services (EMS) and bystanders peripheral to EMS are key contributors to survival after OHCA. Read More

Resusc Plus 2022 Jun 9;10:100241. Epub 2022 May 9.

Anaesthetics Department, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK.

Background: There are increasing numbers of reports of cognitive activity, consciousness, awareness and recall related to cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and interventions such as the use of sedative and analgesic drugs during CPR.

Objectives: This scoping review aims to describe the available evidence concerning CPR-related cognitive activity, consciousness, awareness and recall and interventions such as the use of sedative and analgesic drugs during CPR.

Methods: A literature search was conducted of Medline, Embase and CINAHL from inception to 21 October 2021. Read More

BMC Emerg Med 2022 May 18;22(1):85. Epub 2022 May 18.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Sir-Hans-A.-Krebs-Str, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.

Background: The city of Freiburg has been among the most affected regions by the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. In out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) care, all parts of the rescue system were exposed to profound infrastructural changes. We aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of these changes in the resuscitation landscape in the Freiburg region. Read More

Surg Case Rep 2022 May 19;8(1):100. Epub 2022 May 19.

Department of Trauma and Critical Care Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2, Shinkawa, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan.

Background: Traumatic tension gastrothorax is a rare and potentially fatal condition occurring in patients with congenital or acquired diaphragmatic defects. Traumatic tension gastrothorax leads to acute and severe respiratory distress. Delayed tension gastrothorax that develops late during injury can be more severe. Read More

Sci Rep 2022 May 18;12(1):8293. Epub 2022 May 18.

Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Anesthesia & Intensive Care, Lund University, Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden.

Hypotension after cardiac arrest could aggravate prolonged hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. The association of circulatory shock at hospital admission with outcome after cardiac arrest has not been well studied. The objective of this study was to investigate the independent association of circulatory shock at hospital admission with neurologic outcome, and to evaluate whether cardiovascular comorbidities interact with circulatory shock. Read More

N Engl J Med 2022 May;386(20):1953-1954

Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

J Med Internet Res 2022 May 18;24(5):e38508. Epub 2022 May 18.

Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Pharmacology, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland.

Background: Prompt and proficient basic life support (BLS) maneuvers are essential to increasing the odds of survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. However, significant time can elapse before the arrival of professional rescuers. To decrease these delays, many countries have developed first responder networks. Read More

Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022 May 17. Epub 2022 May 17.

Annecy Hospital, Emergency, Annecy, France.

Crit Care 2022 May 16;26(1):137. Epub 2022 May 16.

Department of Cardiology, Yawata Medical Center, Yawata I 12-7, Komatsu, 923-8551, Japan.

Background: In Japan, emergency medical service (EMS) providers are prohibited from field termination-of-resuscitation (TOR) in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients. In 2013, we developed a TOR rule for emergency department physicians (Goto's TOR rule) immediately after hospital arrival. However, this rule is subject to flaws, and there is a need for revision owing to its relatively low specificity for predicting mortality compared with other TOR rules in the emergency department. Read More

J Cardiothorac Surg 2022 May 16;17(1):119. Epub 2022 May 16.

The Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China.

Objective: Survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) often depends on the effective and immediate use of automated external defibrillators (AEDs). Given that there have been few studies about AED use in China, the purpose of this study is to investigate the knowledge and attitudes regarding AED use among the Chinese public, then provide an effective suggestion for AED education strategies and legislation.

Method: The online survey was conducted among Chinese participants of the First Aid eLearning courses in June 2020. Read More

BMC Nurs 2022 May 16;21(1):116. Epub 2022 May 16.

Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 44839, Palestine.

Background: Medication errors (ME) are one of the most important reasons for patient morbidity and mortality, but insufficient drug knowledge among nurses is considered a major factor in drug administration errors. Furthermore, the complex and stressful systems surrounding resuscitation events increase nursing errors.

Aims: This study aimed to assess the knowledge about resuscitation medications and understand the obstacles faced by nurses when giving resuscitation medications. Read More

J Affect Disord 2022 May 13;310:452-458. Epub 2022 May 13.

Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea. Electronic address:

Background: We aimed to examine the prevalence and associated factors of newly developed psychiatric morbidity among survivors of in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ICPR). Additionally, we investigated whether pre-existing and newly developed psychiatric morbidities affect long-term mortality.

Methods: We extracted data from the National Health Insurance Service database in South Korea. Read More

J Med Internet Res 2022 May 16;24(5):e33380. Epub 2022 May 16.

Division of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.

Background: The recent focus on the critical setting, especially with the COVID-19 pandemic, has highlighted the need for minimizing contact-based care and increasing robotic use. Robotics is a rising field in the context of health care, and we sought to evaluate the use of robots in critical care settings.

Objective: Although robotic presence is prevalent in the surgical setting, its role in critical care has not been well established. Read More

Am Surg 2022 May 15:31348221101479. Epub 2022 May 15.

Department of Surgery, 22442Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC, USA.

Background: Resuscitative thoracotomy and clamshell thoracotomy are performed in the setting of traumatic arrest with the intent of controlling hemorrhage, relieving tamponade, and providing open chest cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Historically, return of spontaneous circulation rates for penetrating traumatic arrest as well as out of hospital survival have been reported as low as 40% and 10%. Vascular access can be challenging in patients who have undergone a traumatic arrest and can be a limiting step to effective resuscitation. Read More

Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue 2022 Mar;34(3):269-273

Department of Intensive Care Unit, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, Guangdong, China. Corresponding author: Xiong Xuming, Email:

Objective: To assess the effect of intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) on in-hospital mortality in patients with cardiac arrest undergoing extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR).

Methods: A retrospective study was performed on 696 patients with intra-hospital cardiac arrest undergoing ECPR from Samsung Medical Center in Korea between January 2004 and December 2013. According to whether IABP was used, the patients were divided into ECPR group and ECPR+IABP group. Read More

Front Pediatr 2022 28;10:811819. Epub 2022 Apr 28.

Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China.

Objective: To investigate the epidemiology and the effectiveness of resuscitation from cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) among critically ill children and adolescents during pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) stay across China.

Methods: A prospective multicenter study was conducted in 11 PICUs in tertiary hospitals. Consecutively hospitalized critically ill children, from 29-day old to 18-year old, who had suffered from CPA and required cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in the PICU were enrolled (December 2017-October 2018). Read More

Oxid Med Cell Longev 2022 5;2022:8279851. Epub 2022 May 5.

Department of Physiology, Pre-Clinical Science, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China.

Background: In cardiac accident/cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA/CPR) rat model, oxidative stress occurs during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI), and antioxidative treatment has a neuroprotective effect. The antioxidant capabilities of pomelo peel essential oil (PPEO) have mostly been investigated in vitro, with little convincing data in vivo, particularly whether PPEO has a neuroprotective role against CIRI.

Methods: In this investigation, a CA/CPR SD rat model and an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) SH-SY5Y cell model were used to imitate the CIRI, and the neuroprotective role of PPEO was discovered in both. Read More

Front Public Health 2022 29;10:857368. Epub 2022 Apr 29.

The Second Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.

Background: There was considerable debate regarding the effect of mean blood glucose (MBG) and glycemic variability (GV) on the mortality of septic patients. This retrospective cohort study aimed to assess the association between MBG and GV with ICU mortality of sepsis patients and to explore the optimal MBG range.

Methods: Sepsis patients were enrolled from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database (MIMIC-IV). Read More

BMC Emerg Med 2022 May 14;22(1):84. Epub 2022 May 14.

Department of Preventive Services, School of Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, Postal code: 606-8501, YoshidaHonmachi, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan.

Background: The association between spontaneous initial body temperature on hospital arrival and neurological outcomes has not been sufficiently studied in patients after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).

Methods: From the prospective database of the Comprehensive Registry of Intensive Care for OHCA Survival (CRITICAL) study in Osaka, Japan, we enrolled all patients with OHCA of medical origin aged > 18 years for whom resuscitation was attempted and who were transported to participating hospitals between 2012 and 2019. We excluded patients who were not witnessed by bystanders and treated by a doctor car or helicopter, which is a car/helicopter with a physician. Read More