Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2019 Jan 14. Epub 2019 Jan 14.

Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mount Sinai Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. Electronic address:

In this review article, we discuss the most common fetal tumors, their prenatal management, and outcomes. Overall, the most important outcome predictors are tumor histology, size, vascularity, and location. Very large lesions, lesions causing cardiac failure, and hydrops and lesions obstructing the fetal airway have the poorest outcome, as they may cause fetal death or complications at the time of delivery. Read More

Aorta (Stamford) 2018 Apr 15;6(2):65-67. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Division Cardiac Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana.

Aortic sarcomas are a very rare condition typically characterized by a deceiving presentation. Making a correct diagnosis is based on the application of an algorithm which allows to identify the primary disease site and to obtain a tissue diagnosis. Surgical aortic resection with adjuvant therapy offers the best palliation, particularly in cases of well-differentiated tumors with no evidence of diffuse metastatic spread. Read More

Breast J 2019 Feb 12. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Department of Surgical Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Toulouse, France.

Desmoid tumors are very rare soft tissue neoplasia that are slow growing and locally aggressive. They grow anywhere in the body and are rarely develop in the breast . Histopathologic examination confirms diagnosis. Read More

World J Clin Cases 2019 Feb;7(3):347-356

Department of Vascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China.

Background: Intravenous leiomyomatosis (IVL) is a rare and complicated disease, which requires surgery by a multidisciplinary team. However, the optimal surgical approach has not been determined.

Case Summary: Here we report three cases of IVL treated with different surgical approaches. Read More

Ann Pediatr Cardiol 2019 Jan-Apr;12(1):45-48

Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Care Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Background: Cardiac rhabdomyoma (CR) often shows spontaneous regression and needs close follow-up. These tumors may be associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), caused by the disinhibition of m-TOR protein.

Objective: The aim of the study is to observe the efficacy of everolimus in infants with significant CR. Read More

Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2019 Feb;12(2):e008405

Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine (S.E.G., C.B., A.I.), University Hospitals of Strasbourg, University of Strasbourg, France.

Med Phys 2019 Feb 7. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Institute for Medical Imaging Technology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20030, China.

Purpose: Biomechanical properties can be used as biomarkers to diagnose tumors, monitor tumor development, and evaluate treatment efficacy. The purpose of this preliminary study is to characterize the biomechanical environment of two typical liver tumors, hemangiomas (HEMs) and hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), and to investigate the potential of using strain metrics as biomarkers for tumor diagnosis, based on a limited clinical dataset.

Methods: Magnetic resonance (MR) tagging was used to quantify the motion and deformation of the two types of liver tumors. Read More

Dev Med Child Neurol 2019 Feb 6. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.

Aim: To compare mortality rates for cardiovascular disease, cancer, and respiratory disease between adults with cerebral palsy (CP) and the general population.

Method: A cohort study was conducted using data from adults with CP in England, identified through a primary care data set (the Clinical Practice Research Datalink), with linked data on death registrations from the Office for National Statistics. Cause of death was categorized according to International Classification of Diseases codes. Read More

SAGE Open Med Case Rep 2019 12;7:2050313X18823468. Epub 2019 Jan 12.

Division of Thoracic Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Solitary fibrous tumors are rare mesenchymal tumors most commonly arising from the pleura. When associated with paraneoplastic syndrome of hypoglycemia caused by the secretion of a high-molecular-weight form of insulin-like growth factor II, it is referred to as the Doege-Potter syndrome. Surgery with complete tumor resection is the only curative treatment. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019 Feb 2;16(3). Epub 2019 Feb 2.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office of Minority Health and Health Equity, 4770 Buford Highway, TW-3, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.

The value of disaggregating non-metropolitan and metropolitan area deaths in illustrating place-based health effects is evident. However, how place interacts with characteristics such as race/ethnicity has been less firmly established. This study compared socioeconomic characteristics and age-adjusted mortality rates by race/ethnicity in six rurality designations and assessed the contributions of mortality rate disparities between non-Hispanic blacks (NHBs) and non-Hispanic whites (NHWs) in each designation to national disparities. Read More

Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2019 Feb;57(2):114-118

Department of Digestive Minimally Invasive Surgery, Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan 030013, China Zong Liang is working on the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou 225001, China.

To evaluate the clinical efficacy of two different digestive tract reconstruction methods in the Siewert Ⅱ or Ⅲ adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction underwent proximal gastrectomy and piggyback jejunal interposition. A total of 84 patients with Siewert Ⅱ or Ⅲ AEG who underwent proximal gastrectomy and interposition jejunal anastomosis were enrolled prospectively according to the exclusion criteria, from October 2015 to August 2017 at Department of Digestive Minimally Invasive Surgery, Shanxi Cancer Hospital. There were 61 male and 23 female patients, aged 48-69 years with an average age of 59. Read More

J Cardiovasc Imaging 2019 Jan;27(1):37-47

Division of Cardiology, Hospital of the Government of the City of Buenos Aires Dr. Cosme Argerich, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Background: Cardiac myxomas are the most frequent cardiac tumors. Although histologically benign, in some cases myxomas may be lethal, due to impairment of cardiac dynamics and their thromboembolic potential. The study aimed to assess the clinical presentation of cardiac myxomas and their correlation with echocardiographic features and to describe the perioperative results and long-term outcome of surgically treated patients. Read More

J Echocardiogr 2019 Jan 30. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

J Thorac Dis 2018 Dec;10(Suppl 35):S4323-S4334

Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.

The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors have greatly improved clinical outcomes in several cancer types, revolutionizing the management of a wide variety of tumors endowed with poor prognosis. Despite its success, high grade immune related adverse events were observed in patients treated with checkpoint inhibitors. While cardiotoxicity was largely underestimated in initial studies, numerous reports of fulminant myocarditis and fatal heart failure (HF) have been recently described. Read More

Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2019 Feb 30;23(1):85-96. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Department of Radiology, Ghent University, UZ-Gent, Gent, Belgium.

Although plain radiographs of the chest are usually requested to evaluate the heart, lung, and mediastinum, many bone and soft tissue, metabolic, and congenital lesions can be visible presenting as surprising lesions. Thorough analysis of the lesion characteristics on the chest radiograph, eventually in conjunction with more advanced imaging techniques and in combination with the clinical findings, will lead to the correct diagnosis. Read More

Toxicol Sci 2019 Jan 24. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal.

Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anticancer drug widely used to treat human and non-human tumors but the late and persistent cardio-toxicity reduces the therapeutic utility of the drug. The full mechanism(s) of DOX-induced acute, sub-chronic and delayed toxicity, which has a preponderant mitochondrial component, remains unclear; therefore, it is clinically relevant to identify early markers to identify patients who are predisposed to DOX-related cardiovascular toxicity.To address this, Wistar rats (16 weeks old) were treated with a single DOX dose (20 mg/Kg, i. Read More

Int J Burns Trauma 2018 20;8(6):145-148. Epub 2018 Dec 20.

College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Background: Mortality in major burns is caused mainly by multisystem organ failure. Brain lesions in burn patients are rare and predominantly traumatic in nature. Here, we present an unusual case of burn-induced glioma causing rapid neurological deterioration and death. Read More

BMJ Open 2019 Jan 28;9(1):e026177. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

IMPACCT - Improving Palliative, Aged and Chronic Care through Clinical Research and Translation, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Introduction: Delirium is a significant medical complication for hospitalised patients. Up to one-third of delirium episodes are preventable in older inpatients through non-pharmacological strategies that support essential human needs, such as physical and cognitive activity, sleep, hydration, vision and hearing. We hypothesised that a multicomponent intervention similarly may decrease delirium incidence, and/or its duration and severity, in inpatients with advanced cancer. Read More

Medicina (B Aires) 2019 ;79(1):61-63

Instituto de Cardiología y Cirugía Cardiovascular (ICyCC), Hospital Universitario Fundación Favaloro, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis, formerly known as marantic endocarditis, it is an infrequent entity in which sterile, fibrin vegetations develop on heart valve leaflets. It is often diagnosed at the time of autopsy or in latestage malignancies. The most common malignancies associated with nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis are lung, pancreatic, gastric cancer and adenocarcinomas of an unknown primary site. Read More

Radiat Oncol 2019 Jan 28;14(1):17. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.

Background: Helical irradiation of the total skin (HITS) was modified as simultaneous integrated boost (SIB)-helical arc radiotherapy of total skin (HEARTS) technique and applied to an acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patient with disseminated leukemia cutis.

Methods: The original HITS plan was revised for different regimens, i.e. Read More

J Ovarian Res 2019 Jan 28;12(1). Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Department of Health of Woman and Child, Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy.

Epithelial ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy. In most women, it is diagnosed at an advanced stage, which largely explains the poor prognosis of this malignancy. Germline mutations of the genes BRCA1 and BRCA2, which encode proteins essential for the repair of double-strand DNA breaks through homologous recombination, lead to increased cancer predisposition. Read More

Gland Surg 2018 Dec;7(6):576-595

Radiation Oncology Associates and Genesis Cancer Care Pty Ltd., Macquarie University Hospital, Sydney, Australia.

Radiation therapy (RT) is an important component of breast cancer treatment that reduces local recurrence and improves survival after breast conservation. Breast conservation rates have increased significantly since the late 1980s and techniques have improved with greater awareness of the impact of radiation on the heart. An overview of randomized controlled trials of breast conservation using standard whole breast irradiation, whole breast hypofractionation, accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) and intraoperative radiation are reviewed. Read More

J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2018 Dec 25. Epub 2018 Dec 25.

Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.

Pathologe 2019 Feb;40(1):80-84

Klinik für Kardiovaskuläre Chirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Deutschland.

Intravenous leiomyomatosis (IVLM) is an unusual neoplasm derived from uterine smooth muscle cells seen in patients with uterine leiomyomas. The typical histological features of IVLM consist of benign smooth muscle cells present within venous vascular spaces of the uterine wall. Increasing intravascular and intracardial spread of IVLM may lead to life-threatening clinical complications. Read More

Sci Rep 2019 Jan 24;9(1):499. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.

Copper-64-Diacetyl-bis(N-methylthiosemicarbazone) [Cu][Cu(ATSM)] is a hypoxia-targeting PET tracer with applications in oncology and cardiology. Upon entering a hypoxic cell, [Cu][Cu(II)(ATSM)] is reduced to a putative [Cu][Cu(I)(ATSM)] species which dissociates to deposit radiocopper, thereby providing hypoxic contrast. This process may be dependent upon protonation arising from intracellular acidosis. Read More

Oncol Lett 2019 Feb 28;17(2):1784-1790. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Radiation Oncology Unit, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, I-40138 Bologna, Italy.

Radiotherapy (RT) is a treatment option for advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC), often combined with sequential and/or concurrent chemotherapy. The use of modern RT techniques requires accurate clinical target volume (CTV) definition and delineation. However, guidelines for CTV delineation in BTC are lacking. Read More

Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2019 Jan 23:218492319827668. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK.

Endobronchial metastasis from extrapulmonary solid tumors is rare, and endobronchial metastasis from the prostate is even more unusual. An 80-year-old patient presented with significant dyspnea secondary to metastatic stromal cell sarcoma of the prostate, which occluded the right main bronchus. The tumor, causing complete collapse of the right lung, was found on computed tomography and confirmed by bronchoscopy. Read More

Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2019 Jan 23;144(2):128-135. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

Due to its rare incidence, erythrocytosis frequently represents a challenge for the treating doctors. The erythropoiesis (= production of erythrocytes) is located in the bone marrow, and the hormone erythropoietin (EPO) takes control in its regulation. Therefore, measurement of EPO in serum is one of the main diagnostic steps. Read More

Global Health 2019 01 22;15(1). Epub 2019 Jan 22.

School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.

Background: Reducing premature deaths is an important step towards achieving the World Health Organization's sustainable development goal. Redeployed miners are more prone to disease or premature death due to the special occupational characteristics. Our aims were to describe the deaths of redeployed miners, assess the losses due to premature death and identify their main health problems. Read More

Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2019 Jan 22:218492319827658. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

2 Damascus University Cardiac Surgery Hospital, Damascus, Syria.

Primary cardiac tumors are rare, and myxomas represent the most common type. Myxoma in a child is very rare. Herein, we present the case of a 4-year-old boy who was diagnosed with a right atrial mass two months after open-heart surgery for removal of a supra-mitral ring and repair of an interatrial septum aneurysm. Read More

Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2019 Jan 16. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.

Oncol Lett 2019 Jan 1;17(1):1203-1210. Epub 2018 Nov 1.

Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.

p16 (p16) is a key molecule in bladder tumor (BT) development. We previously reported that a p16 antitumor peptide inhibited the growth of subcutaneous BT grafts in mice through restoration of p16 function using a Wr-T peptide transporter system. In the present study, the efficacy of mouse p16 peptide administration in a mouse lung metastasis model for BT and also the toxicity of peptides by cardiac peptide injection were evaluated. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Jan;98(3):e14118

Heart Center, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei.

Rationale: Pulmonary embolism is a potentially devastating medical condition. Although deep-vein thrombosis is the most common etiology, a nonthrombotic pulmonary embolism is not uncommon.

Patient Concerns: A 45-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital for progressive effort dyspnea for 3 weeks. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Jan;98(3):e13925

College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien.

The relationship between tamoxifen use and acute myocardial infarction in women with breast cancer remains uncertain. The goal of the study was to assess whether tamoxifen use could be associated with acute myocardial infarction in women with breast cancer in Taiwan.A population-based case-control study was conducted to analyze the database of the Taiwan National Health Insurance Program. Read More

Ann Hematol 2019 Mar 16;98(3):801-803. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Division of Hematology, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, 1370-1 Okamoto, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-0072, Japan.

Clin Endosc 2019 Jan 17;52(1):30-35. Epub 2019 Jan 17.

Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea.

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a standard treatment for patients with gastrointestinal neoplasms with a negligible risk of lymph node metastasis. ESD enables en bloc resection of gastrointestinal neoplasms and organ preservation, thereby, avoiding surgical treatment. Although small (<2 cm) intramucosal early gastric cancer with undifferentiated-type histology (EGC-UH) without ulceration is included in the expanded criteria for ESD, controversies remain due to different biology and characteristics compared to EGC with differentiated-type histology. Read More

Eur Radiol 2019 Jan 14. Epub 2019 Jan 14.

Department of Radiology, Bolzano Central Hospital, via Boehler 5, 39100, Bolzano, Italy.

Objectives: To correlate the degree of ascites enhancement during hepatobiliary phase after gadobenate dimeglumine (Gd-BOPTA) administration with ascites aetiology.

Methods: IRB-approved retrospective study, need for informed consent was waived. We included 74 consecutive ascitic patients who underwent Gd-BOPTA-enhanced liver MRI including hepatobiliary phase (HBP) images between January 2014 and December 2017. Read More

Ther Clin Risk Manag 2019 28;15:65-72. Epub 2018 Dec 28.

Department of Neurosurgery and Pituitary Tumor Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, SunYat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China,

Purpose: To investigate the incidence and risk factors for early repolarization (ER) in patients with growth hormone (GH)-secreting pituitary adenomas.

Methods: From August 2014 to August 2016, patients with GH-secreting pituitary adenomas and non-functioning pituitary adenomas admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, were prospectively enrolled. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate risk factors for ER development. Read More

Int J Nanomedicine 2019 28;14:301-315. Epub 2018 Dec 28.

Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China,

Background: To establish the combination of doxorubicin (DOX) and silybin (SLB) in oral hepatic-targeting liposomes with the goal of reducing cardiotoxic side effects and improve oral hepatoma treatment.

Methods: Distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine-polyethylene glycol-cholic acid-modified liposomes (CA-LP) were used to encapsulate DOX and SLB (CA-LP-DOX/SLB), and the hepatic targeting, efficacy against hepatoma and cardioprotective effects were evaluated by cell toxicity, scratch and apoptosis in vitro studies, and pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in vivo studies.

Results: In vitro cell studies showed that CA-LP-DOX/SLB inhibited HepG2 cell proliferation and HCC97H cell migration, and protected H9c2 cells. Read More

Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019 Jan;99(1):25-29

Department of Interventional Therapy, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, National Clinical Medical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Municipal Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Tianjin Clinical Medical Research Center of Malignant Tumors, Tianjin 300060, China.

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine as a basic analgesic sedative for patients with radiofrequency ablation of liver tumors. A total of 443 liver cancer patients underwent percutaneous radiofrequency ablation in the 302 Hospital of PLA from January 2015 to December 2016 were retrospectively studied. The experimental group was dexmedetomidine group, with a total of 165 cases. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2019 Jan 9;55:7-10. Epub 2019 Jan 9.

Department of Surgery, Kendall Regional Medical Center, Miami, FL, United States.

Introduction: Pheochromocytoma are neuroendocrine tumors that arise from sympathetic chromaffin cells within the adrenal medulla. They principally secrete catecholamines, potentially causing life-threatening cardiovascular complications. A myriad of symptomatology and clinical findings are associated with pheochromocytoma, including a catecholamine-induced dilated cardiomyopathy. Read More

Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019 Jan 11. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, 133-791, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Hanyang University, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Relaxin (RLX) is an insulin-like polypeptide hormone that was initially introduced for its pregnancy-related function. Subsequent studies revealed that RLX possesses anti-fibrotic functions in tumors and nonreproductive tissues, such as skin, lungs, and others. This aspect of the RLX has been explored for the treatment of various illnesses, such as cardiac fibrosis, liver fibrosis, and solid tumors. Read More

Int J Gynecol Cancer 2019 Jan;29(1):119-125

Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Objectives: To describe sonographic features of the microcystic elongated and fragmented (MELF) pattern of myometrial invasion (MI) using the International Endometrial Tumor Analysis (IETA) criteria; to assess the effect of the MELF pattern on preoperative ultrasound evaluation of MI; and to determine the relationship of the MELF pattern to more advanced stage (≥ IB) and lymph node metastases (LNM) in women with endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC).

Methods/materials: We included 850 women with EEC from the prospective IETA 4 study. Ultrasound experts performed all ultrasound examinations, accordingto the IETA protocol. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Jan;98(2):e14000

Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People's Republic of China.

Rationale: Cardiac lymphangioma is a rare disease. Until now, there have been only a few cases of cardiac lymphangioma reported in the literature.

Patient Concerns: We report the case of a 57-year-old female patient with cardiac lymphangioma from atrial septum. Read More

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019 Feb 10;40(2):319-325. Epub 2019 Jan 10.

Departments of Radiology (M.E.L., M.J., K.P., V.H., A.I.H., B.V.)

Background And Purpose: A recent study using task-based fMRI demonstrated that the middle frontal gyrus is comparable with Broca's area in its ability to determine language laterality using a measure of verbal fluency. This study investigated whether the middle frontal gyrus can be used as an indicator for language-hemispheric dominance in patients with brain tumors using task-free resting-state fMRI. We hypothesized that no significant difference in language lateralization would occur between the middle frontal gyrus and Broca area and that the middle frontal gyrus can serve as a simple and reliable means of measuring language laterality. Read More

Radiat Oncol 2019 Jan 10;14(1). Epub 2019 Jan 10.

Center for Prostate Cancer, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10408, Republic of Korea.

Background: We performed a prospective phase II study to compare acute toxicity among five different hypofractionated schedules using proton therapy. This study was an exploratory analysis to investigate the secondary end-point of biochemical failure-free survival (BCFFS) of patients with long-term follow-up.

Methods: Eighty-two patients with T1-3bN0M0 prostate cancer who had not received androgen-deprivation therapy were randomized to one of five arms: Arm 1, 60 cobalt gray equivalent (CGE)/20 fractions/5 weeks; Arm 2, 54 CGE/15 fractions/5 weeks; Arm 3, 47 CGE/10 fractions/5 weeks; Arm 4, 35 CGE/5 fractions/2. Read More