Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Pathogens 2022 May 25;11(6). Epub 2022 May 25.

Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43300, Selangor, Malaysia.

Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a prevalent gynaecological disease characterised by vaginal wall inflammation that is caused by species. VVC impacts almost three-quarters of all women throughout their reproductive years. As the vaginal mucosa is the first point of contact with microbes, vaginal epithelial cells are the first line of defence against opportunistic infection by providing a physical barrier and mounting immunological responses. Read More

Adv Biomed Res 2022 29;11(1):29. Epub 2022 Apr 29.

Department of Mycology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.

Background: Oral candidiasis (OC) has been noticed as a common mucous membrane infection in immunocompromised patients such as that diabetes. This study, focused on the genotyping of and enzymatic activities of species recovered from oral mucosa among diabetes patients and healthy individuals.

Materials And Methods: Specimens were obtained from oral mucosa of One-hundred and sixty patients with type 2 diabetic and 108 healthy individuals. Read More

Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2022 Jun 14:e0030822. Epub 2022 Jun 14.

Laboratory of Clinical Immunology & Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA.

Candida albicans causes debilitating, often azole-resistant, infections in patients with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC). Amphotericin B (AMB) resistance is rare, but AMB use is limited by parenteral administration and nephrotoxicity. In this study, we evaluated cochleated AMB (CAMB), a new oral AMB formulation, in mouse models of oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) and vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) and in patients with azole-resistant CMC. Read More

Drugs Today (Barc) 2022 Jun;58(6):273-282

Department of Dermatology, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Porto, Portugal.

Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated, inflammatory skin disease, affecting 1% to 3% of the population in Western countries. Due to advances in the understanding of psoriasis pathogenesis, in particular, the role of the interleukin-23 (IL-23)/T-helper 17 (Th17) immune axis, highly effective, targeted biologic therapies have been developed, shifting the psoriasis treatment paradigm. However, some patients do not respond or lose response to these novel therapies. Read More

J Invest Dermatol 2022 Jun 2. Epub 2022 Jun 2.

Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Radboud Center for Infectious Disease (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Immunology and Metabolism, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.

Biologics that block the T-helper-17 pathway are very effective in the treatment of psoriasis and other inflammatory diseases. However, interleukin-17 is also crucial for antifungal host defense, and clinical trial data suggest an increase in the incidence of Candida infections during IL-17 inhibitor (IL-17i) therapy. We investigated the innate and adaptive immune responses of psoriasis patients with a history of skin and/or mucosal candidiasis during IL-17i or IL-12/23i therapy, comparing those responses to healthy controls. Read More

J Fungi (Basel) 2022 May 10;8(5). Epub 2022 May 10.

Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA.

Fungal infections caused by are a serious problem for immunocompromised individuals, including those undergoing radiotherapy for head and neck cancers. Targeted irradiation causes inflammatory dysregulation and damage to the oral mucosa that can be exacerbated by candidiasis. Post-irradiation the cytokine interleukin-17 (IL-17) protects the oral mucosae by promoting oral epithelial regeneration and balancing the oral immune cell populations, which leads to the eventual healing of the tissue. Read More

Cytopathology 2022 May 23. Epub 2022 May 23.

Postgraduate Program in Pathology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Niterói, Brazil.

Objective: This study is the first to analyse the prevalence of oral candidiasis in onco-haematological patients by physical and oral cytopathological examinations.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional and observational study with a retrospective sample composed of participants hospitalised in the haematology clinic, who were diagnosed with haematological diseases. All participants received an oral mucosal examination and scraping from oral mucosa. Read More

Microbiol Spectr 2022 May 2:e0269621. Epub 2022 May 2.

Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental, and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncological and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.

Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common clinical condition with symptoms and signs of vaginal inflammation in the presence of species. At least one episode of VVC is experienced in up to 75% of women in the reproductive age group during their lifetime, and 5% to 8% of such women suffer from the chronic form. Most cases of VVC are still caused by C. Read More

Front Oral Health 2022 14;3:880746. Epub 2022 Apr 14.

Department of Craniofacial Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, United States.

Oropharyngeal Candidiasis (OPC) is a mucosal fungal infection that is prevalent among patients with compromised immunity. The success of probiotics in treating chronic diseases with a microbial etiology component at other mucosal sites (i.e. Read More

Front Oral Health 2022 7;3:851786. Epub 2022 Apr 7.

Department of Molecular Biology and Microbial Food Safety, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.

and account for most invasive fungal and bacterial bloodstream infections (BSIs), respectively. However, the initial point of invasion responsible for BSIs is often unclear. Recently, has been proposed to mediate invasion of immunocompromised hosts during co-colonization of oral mucosal surfaces. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 04 12;19(8). Epub 2022 Apr 12.

Section of Biosystems and Function, Division of Oral and Systematic Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1668, USA.

Smoking triggers environmental changes in the oral cavity and increases the risk of mucosal infections caused by such as oral candidiasis. While cigarette smoke has a significant impact on , how e-cigarettes affect this oral pathogen is less clear. Here, we investigated the effect of cigarette and e-cigarette smoke condensates (CSC and ECSC) on growth, biofilm formation, and gene expression. Read More

Am Fam Physician 2022 04;105(4):369-376

Medical University of South Carolina College of Dental Medicine, Charleston, SC, USA.

Familiarity with common oral conditions allows clinicians to observe and treat patients in the primary care setting or refer to a dentist, oral surgeon, otolaryngologist, or other specialist. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (canker sores) is the most common ulcerative condition of the oral cavity. Recurrent herpes simplex labialis and stomatitis also commonly cause oral ulcers. Read More

PLoS Pathog 2022 04 11;18(4):e1010012. Epub 2022 Apr 11.

Section of Immunology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.

As part of the human microbiota, the fungus Candida albicans colonizes the oral cavity and other mucosal surfaces of the human body. Commensalism is tightly controlled by complex interactions of the fungus and the host to preclude fungal elimination but also fungal overgrowth and invasion, which can result in disease. As such, defects in antifungal T cell immunity render individuals susceptible to oral thrush due to interrupted immunosurveillance of the oral mucosa. Read More

Microbiol Spectr 2022 04 29;10(2):e0162621. Epub 2022 Mar 29.

Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Towngrid.7836.a, Cape Town, South Africa.

Cervicovaginal inflammation, nonoptimal microbiota, T-cell activation, and hormonal contraceptives may increase HIV risk, yet associations between these factors and subclinical colonization or hyphae are unknown. We collected cervicovaginal samples from 94 South African adolescents, aged 15 to 19 years, who were randomized to injectable norethisterone enanthate (Net-En), an etonorgesterol/ethinyl estradiol vaginal ring (NuvaRing), or oral contraceptives in the UChoose trial (NCT02404038) at baseline and 16 weeks post-randomization. We assessed cervicovaginal samples for subclinical colonization (by quantitative PCR [qPCR]), hyphae (by Gram stain), microbiota composition (by 16S rRNA gene sequencing), cytokine concentrations (by Luminex), and cervical T-cell phenotypes and activation (by multiparameter flow cytometry). Read More

Pathogens 2022 Mar 10;11(3). Epub 2022 Mar 10.

Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa.

colonisation of the oral cavity increases in immunocompromised individuals which leads to the development of oral candidiasis. In addition, host factors such as xerostomia, smoking, oral prostheses, dental caries, diabetes and cancer treatment accelerate the disease process. is the primary causative agent of this infection, owing to its ability to form biofilm and hyphae and to produce hydrolytic enzymes and candialysin. Read More

Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022 Jun 22;38:102819. Epub 2022 Mar 22.

Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology and National Center of Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, China. Electronic address:

Chronic hyperplastic candidiasis (CHC) is a rare subtype of oral candidiasis. Due to the malignant transformation potential of this disease, its treatment deserves attention. Here we report a refractory case of an 85-year-old female with chronic hyperplastic candidiasis treated with combined photodynamic therapy and laser therapy with a superior clinical result. Read More

Dent J (Basel) 2022 Feb 23;10(3). Epub 2022 Feb 23.

Clinic of Dental Medicine, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Krešimirova 40, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia.

Biological therapy of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) carries an increased risk for the development of opportunistic infections due to immunomodulation. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and types of oral infections in IBD patients treated with biological (anti-TNF-α and anti-integrin-αβ) and conventional medication protocols. The study included 20 IBD patients receiving anti-TNF-α therapy, 20 IBD patients receiving anti-integrin-αβ therapy and 20 IBD patients without immunomodulatory therapy. Read More

Clin Oral Investig 2022 Mar 19. Epub 2022 Mar 19.

Department of Clinic and Social Dentistry, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, Campus I, João Pessoa, PB, 58051-970, Brazil.

Objective: To advance studies on the effect of a new pharmaceutical formulation for the treatment of oral fungal infections, we evaluated the safety and tolerability of orabase ointment containing cinnamaldehyde for use on the oral mucosa.

Material And Methods: A clinical trial (phase I) was carried out on 35 individuals with healthy oral mucosa divided into three groups: ointments at 200 µg/mL, n = 12; 300 µg/mL, n = 11; and 400 µg/mL, n = 12. Product safety was assessed using three parameters: (a) clinical evolution as recorded by trained examiners; (b) evolution of the inflammatory process as registered by an exfoliative cytology exam and analyzed by trained pathologists; (c) mucosal swab to count Candida spp. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 03 1;19(5). Epub 2022 Mar 1.

Department of Oral Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-376 Wroclaw, Poland.

Background: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence, pattern, and distribution of oral mucosa lesions in elderly patients attending an outpatient oral pathology clinic.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 2747 patients' medical files was performed. Of these, 1398 (50. Read More

Case Rep Gastrointest Med 2022 27;2022:9956650. Epub 2022 Feb 27.

Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Building 1, Room 3210, Aleda E. Lutz VA Medical Center, 1500 Weiss St, Saginaw, MI 48602, USA.

Immunocompromised patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) can develop opportunistic esophageal candidial and cytomegaloviral infections. A case is reported which extends the clinico-endoscopic severity of these infections. A 32-year-old bisexual man with AIDS since 1997, and intermittently compliant with antiretroviral therapy, presented (2007) with dysphagia and 32 kg-weight loss. Read More

J Obstet Gynaecol 2022 Mar 7:1-7. Epub 2022 Mar 7.

Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.

The study aims to evaluate the additive effect of intra-vaginal gentian violet (GV) on a single dose oral 200 mg fluconazole for acute vaginal candidiasis (VC). Women aged ≥18 years who had VC were randomly allocated to receive either fluconazole 200 mg (group 1, FLU,  = 90); or the fluconazole with GV (group 2, FLU + GV,  = 93). Outcome measures were 2-week clinical cure rate, conversion of positive fungal culture, time-to-cure, side effects, satisfaction and symptomatic recurrence within 2 months. Read More

J Educ Health Promot 2021 31;10:481. Epub 2021 Dec 31.

Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.

Background: Candidiasis vaginitis is an opportunistic and common mucosal infection. Although is the most common isolated species, other species of Candida such as , and have also increased significantly in recent years. The aim of this study was to identify species in women with candidal vaginal infection in order to promote health in women. Read More

Pathogens 2022 Feb 6;11(2). Epub 2022 Feb 6.

Department of Biological Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.

is a commensal fungus that asymptomatically colonizes the skin and mucosa of 60% of healthy individuals. Breaches in the cutaneous and mucosal barriers trigger candidiasis that ranges from asymptomatic candidemia and mucosal infections to fulminant sepsis with 70% mortality rates. Fungi influence at least several diseases, in part by mechanisms such as the production of pro-carcinogenic agents, molecular mimicking, and triggering of the inflammation cascade. Read More

Indian Dermatol Online J 2022 Jan-Feb;13(1):90-93. Epub 2022 Jan 24.

Department of Microbiology, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.

Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC) is a primary immunodeficiency due to defect in various genes leading to an increase in susceptibility to skin and mucosal infection. Mutation in signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 () gene being the most common cause of CMC can lead to increased risk of infections, multisystem abnormalities, and malignancy. We describe a 27 year old Indian woman with clinical features of CMC including esophageal stenosis, gangrene of the finger, endocrinological and immunological abnormalities and mutation (p. Read More

Virulence 2022 12;13(1):428-443

Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (College of Life Science), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui P. R, China.

and are two common opportunistic fungi that can be co-isolated in oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC). Hypha is a hallmark of the biofilm formation of , indispensable for the attachment of which is seldom in mycelial morphology. Increasing evidence reveals a hypoxic microenvironment in interior fungal biofilms, reminding of a fact that inflammation is usually accompanied by oxygen deprivation. Read More

Front Oral Health 2022 3;3:838639. Epub 2022 Feb 3.

Department of Oral Sciences, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.

Oral fungal infections have afflicted humans for millennia. Hippocrates (. 460-370 BCE) described two cases of oral aphthae associated with severe underlying diseases that could well have been oral candidiasis. Read More

Carbohydr Polym 2022 May 24;283:119178. Epub 2022 Jan 24.

Pharmaceutical Biopolymer Group (PBiG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand.

The aim of this study was to combine fluconazole (FZ)-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (FZ-SLNs) and chitosan films (C-films) for the potential administration of FZ across the buccal mucosa using a Box-Behnken design. The chitosan films containing FZ-SLNs (C-FS-films) and C-films were prepared using a film casting method. The ATR-FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of hydrogen bonds between the NH groups of chitosan and the OH or COO groups of glyceryl monostearate in the films. Read More

Med Mycol 2022 Mar;60(3)

Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (College of Life Science), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Zhijing Building, 350 Longzihu Road, Xinzhan District, Hefei 230012, Anhui, P. R. China.

Oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) is an oral infection mainly caused by Candida albicans, a dimorphic human opportunistic pathogen that can proliferate and invade the superficial oral epithelium using its hyphae. The filamentation of C. albicans is a hallmark of biofilm formation, accompanied by the occurrence of a hypoxic microenvironment. Read More

Orv Hetil 2022 01 30;163(5):171-180. Epub 2022 Jan 30.

3 Semmelweis Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar, Bőr-, Nemikórtani és Bőronkológiai Klinika, Primer Immundeficientia Klinikai Részleg és Laboratórium Budapest Magyarország.

Összefoglaló. A krónikus mucocutan candidiasis genetikailag heterogén betegségcsoport, amelyre a bőr, a körmök és a nyálkahártyák Candida okozta tartós vagy visszatérő, nem invazív fertőzése jellemző. A Candida-fertőzések iránti fokozott fogékonyság oka a Th17-sejtes immunitás defektusa, amelynek hátterében különböző gének mutációja állhat. Read More

J Microsc Ultrastruct 2021 Oct-Dec;9(4):145-153. Epub 2021 Dec 9.

Department of Oral Pathology, D Y Patil School of Dentistry, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Background: Most documents review decrease in the prevalence of HIV related oral lesions to the tune of 10-50% following the advent of HAART. However long term use of HAART on oral health status of HIV infected subjects is poorly documented. Also antifungal agents can effectively treat mucosal candidiasis. Read More