Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

mSphere 2019 04 3;4(2). Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Department of Prosthodontics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Dentistry, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA

Denture stomatitis (DS) is a condition characterized by inflammation of the oral mucosa in direct contact with dentures and affects a significant number of otherwise healthy denture wearers. associated DS is predominantly caused by , a dimorphic fungus that readily colonizes and forms biofilms on denture materials. Previous studies showed a requirement for biofilm formation on both palate and dentures in infection and identified fungal morphogenic transcription factors, Efg1 and Bcr1, as key players in DS pathogenesis. Read More

Front Microbiol 2019 6;10:433. Epub 2019 Mar 6.

AtoGen Co., Ltd., Daejeon, South Korea.

Three strains ATG-K2, ATG-K6, and ATG-K8 were isolated from Kimchi, a Korean traditional fermented food, and their probiotic potentials were examined. All three strains were free of antibiotic resistance, hemolysis, and biogenic amine production and therefore assumed to be safe, as supported by whole genome analyses. These strains demonstrated several basic probiotic functions including a wide range of antibacterial activity, bile salt hydrolase activity, hydrogen peroxide production, and heat resistance at 70°C for 60 s. Read More

Drug Discov Ther 2019 ;13(1):28-33

Teikyo University Institute of Medical Mycology.

Candida albicans is a commensal fungus in human mucosal surfaces, including the oral cavity. Lactoferrin (LF) and the lactoperoxidase (LPO) system, which are host protection components in exocrine secretions, each exhibit weak anti-candida activity. We herein examined the effects of the combination of LF and the LPO system on C. Read More

PLoS One 2019 11;14(3):e0212869. Epub 2019 Mar 11.

Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland.

An antifungal active fraction (AAF) from the coelomic fluid (CF) of the earthworm Dendrobaena veneta was isolated. The aim of the study was to analyze the antifungal activity of the AAF and to carry out chemical characterization of the fraction. The active fraction showed antifungal activity against a clinical C. Read More

Nat Commun 2019 03 4;10(1):1015. Epub 2019 Mar 4.

State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.

Candida albicans can switch from commensal to pathogenic mode, causing mucosal or disseminated candidiasis. The host relies on pattern-recognition receptors including Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) to sense invading fungal pathogens and launch immune defense mechanisms. However, the complex interplay between fungus and host innate immunity remains incompletely understood. Read More

Arch Pediatr 2019 Apr 1;26(3):182-190. Epub 2019 Mar 1.

Paris-Descartes Medical University, 12, rue de l'École-de-Médecine, 75006 Paris, France.

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a multifactorial esophageal inflammation, with a genetic predisposition, which combines a deficient esophageal mucosal barrier, an abnormal immune reaction to environmental allergens mediated by Th2 interleukins, immediate esophageal lesions and dysmotility, with secondary remodeling and fibrosis. Symptoms include reflux, abdominal pain, and food impaction, with a variation according to age. Fibroscopy shows major and minor endoscopic and histologic criteria, with a mucosal count≥15 eosinophils/high power field (Eo/hpf). Read More

Biol Reprod 2019 Feb 16. Epub 2019 Feb 16.

Dept. Pathobiology & Diagnostic Investigation, and.

Autoimmune Regulator (AIRE) regulates central immune tolerance by inducing expression of tissue-restricted antigens in thymic medullary epithelial cells, thereby ensuring elimination of autoreactive T cells. Aire mutations in humans and targeted Aire deletion in mice results in multi-organ autoimmune disease, known in humans as Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome Type 1 (APS-1). APS-1 is characterized by presence of adrenal insufficiency, chronic mucosal candidiasis, and/or hypoparathyroidism. Read More

J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019 Apr 30;167:15-20. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza (IBAM-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina.

Candida albicans is an opportunistic pathogenic yeast commonly found in mouth, gastrointestinal tract and vagina. Under certain conditions, it causes skin, mucosal and systemic infections. With growing concern over the emergence of resistant strains to conventional antifungals, the development of novel antifungal agents for the management of this pathogen is an urgent need. Read More

Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2019 Apr 27;63(4). Epub 2019 Mar 27.

Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA

, the causative agent of mucosal infections, including oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC), as well as bloodstream infections, is becoming increasingly resistant to existing treatment options. In the absence of novel drug candidates, drug repurposing aimed at using existing drugs to treat off-label diseases is a promising strategy. requires environmental iron for survival and virulence, while host nutritional immunity deploys iron-binding proteins to sequester iron and reduce fungal growth. Read More

J Oral Pathol Med 2019 Jan 23. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

Brazilian Centre for Evidence-Based Research, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of oral mucosal disorders during pregnancy.

Methods: Observational studies were selected by two reviewers in a two-phase process. Search strategies were applied at CINAHL, LILACS, LIVIVO, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, OpenGrey, and ProQuest. Read More

Front Immunol 2018 21;9:2956. Epub 2018 Dec 21.

Departamento de Investigación en Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico.

is a commensal fungus that can cause disease ranging in severity from moderate to severe mucosal infections to more serious life-threating disseminated infections in severely immunocompromised hosts. Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC) occurs in patients with mutations in genes affecting IL-17-mediated immunity, such as , and , or gain of function (GOF) mutations in . New strategies for the treatment of candidiasis are needed because of the increased burden of infections and the emergence of drug-resistant strains. Read More

MBio 2019 01 8;10(1). Epub 2019 Jan 8.

Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that can cause life-threatening infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients. induced activation of the Nlrp3 inflammasome, leading to secretion of bioactive interleukin 1β (IL-1β) is a crucial myeloid cell immune response needed for antifungal host defense. Being a pleiomorphic fungus, can provoke Nlrp3 inflammasome responses only upon morphological transformation to its hyphal appearance. Read More

Mycopathologia 2019 Feb 1;184(1):1-12. Epub 2019 Jan 1.

Department of Mycology, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Disease and STIs, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu, China.

Objective: The immunological mechanisms behind different mucosa against candidiasis are largely unknown. In this study, we investigate the natural protective mechanisms and local cytokine responses of C. albicans-infected oral and vaginal epithelial cells. Read More

Immunol Rev 2019 Jan;287(1):103-120

Fungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.

The discovery of the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) protein and the delineation of its critical contributions in the establishment of central immune tolerance has significantly expanded our understanding of the immunological mechanisms that protect from the development of autoimmune disease. The parallel identification and characterization of patient cohorts with the monogenic disorder autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED), which is typically caused by biallelic AIRE mutations, has underscored the critical contribution of AIRE in fungal immune surveillance at mucosal surfaces and in prevention of multiorgan autoimmunity in humans. In this review, we synthesize the current clinical, genetic, molecular and immunological knowledge derived from basic studies in Aire-deficient animals and from APECED patient cohorts. Read More

Int J Pharm 2019 Feb 12;556:181-191. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Instituto de Química Rosario (IQUIR, CONICET-UNR), Suipacha 531, Rosario S2002LRK, Argentina; Área Técnica Farmacéutica, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, Rosario S2002LRK, Argentina. Electronic address:

Vaginal candidiasis is considered a frequent opportunistic mucosal infection and the second most common cause of vaginitis after bacterial vaginosis. In this work, different vaginal films based on chitosan, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and blends of these polymers containing tioconazole, were developed and thoroughly characterized to improve the conventional therapeutics of vaginal candidiasis. Mechanical properties, swelling, adhesiveness, morphology, antifungal activity, hemocompatibility and cytotoxicity were evaluated. Read More

J Prosthodont 2019 Feb 6;28(2):202-208. Epub 2019 Jan 6.

Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Touro College of Pharmacy, New York, NY.

Purpose: Denture stomatitis is a common condition manifested by inflammation of the oral mucous membrane beneath a denture. The objective of this study was to compare the transcriptome of human palatal mucosa with chronic oral stomatitis-associated Candida albicans infection to that of healthy oral mucosa.

Materials And Methods: Oral palatal biopsies were obtained from 17 healthy and 15 C. Read More

J Vis Exp 2018 11 17(141). Epub 2018 Nov 17.

Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University; Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University;

Candida species are common fungal commensals of humans colonizing the skin, mucosal surfaces, and gastrointestinal tract. Under certain conditions, Candida can overgrow their natural niches resulting in debilitating mucosal infections as well as life-threatening systemic infections, which are a major focus of investigation due to their associated high mortality rates. Animal models of disseminated infection exist for studying disease progression and dissecting the characteristics of Candida pathogenicity. Read More

Front Immunol 2018 20;9:2702. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.

Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common fungal infection caused by . The antifungal therapy represents the standard of care but due to the high costs of treatment and to the inability to prevent recurrences, the development of alternative therapeutic approaches is much-awaited. Recently, we have shown that the pathogenesis of in the gut is modulated by IL-9, a pleiotropic cytokine able to promote both inflammation and tolerance during infection. Read More

Microb Pathog 2019 Jan 22;126:363-367. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia.

Background: There is no data available on the prevalence of oral mucosal lesion and candida infection among DM patients which necessitate conducting a local or nation-wide study to assess the oral mucosa lesions and candida prevalent in diabetic patients in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Objectives: The objective of the present study was to characterize oral mucosa lesions, and the prevalence of yeasts in diabetic patients and their association with the risk factors in comparison with a group of non-diabetic controls.

Methods: Study design: A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted assuming 50% of the diabetic patients have oral lesions compared to nondiabetic patients and a power of 80% with 5% level of significance, the minimum required sample size was estimated to be 115 in each group. Read More

Front Microbiol 2018 6;9:2641. Epub 2018 Nov 6.

School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea.

is an opportunistic fungal pathogen and most prevalent species among clinical outbreaks. It causes a range of infections, including from mild mucosal infections to serious life-threatening candidemia and disseminated candidiasis. Multiple virulence factors account for the pathogenic nature of , and its morphological transition from budding yeast to hyphal form and subsequent biofilm formation is regarded as the most important reason for the severity of infections. Read More

Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019 Feb 7;174:110-125. Epub 2018 Nov 7.

Department of Ecology of Pathogen Agents, Hospital Manuel Gea González, Mexico City, Mexico.

Candida species, including C. albicans, are part of the mucosal flora of most healthy women, and inhabit the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts. Under favourable conditions, they can colonize the vulvovaginal mucosa, giving rise to symptomatic vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). Read More

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2018 Oct;22(20):7020-7023

Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate oral ulcer healing and anti-Candida efficacy of an alcohol-free 0.1% chitosan-curcumin mouthwash.

Materials And Methods: A buccal mucosal ulcer was induced in hamster by topical application of acetic acid. Read More

Int J Pharm 2019 Jan 2;554:105-115. Epub 2018 Nov 2.

Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, University Campus of Cartuja, 18071 Granada, Spain; Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, 645 Diagonal Ave., 08028 Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address:

Clotrimazole (CLT) was formulated in a nanoemulsion (NE) for the topical treatment of candidiasis consisting of 10% labrafac lipophile, 60% labrasol:capryol 90 mixture (ratio 4:1) and 30% propylene glycol. Physicochemical properties, stability, rheology, in vitro drug release, ex vivo drug permeation through human skin and porcine buccal, sublingual and vaginal mucosae, antifungal efficacy, as well as in vivo skin tolerance were evaluated. 1% CLT-NE (CLT-NE1) and 2% CLT-NE (CLT-NE2) exhibited 153 ± 17. Read More

J Vis Exp 2018 10 18(140). Epub 2018 Oct 18.

Department of Oral Biology, University at Buffalo;

In oropharyngeal candidiasis, members of the genus Candida must adhere to and grow on the oral mucosal surface while under the effects of salivary flow. While models for the growth under flow have been developed, many of these systems are expensive, or do not allow imaging while the cells are under flow. We have developed a novel apparatus that allows us to image the growth and development of Candida albicans cells under flow and in real-time. Read More

BMC Microbiol 2018 10 25;18(1):166. Epub 2018 Oct 25.

Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, China.

Background: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common infectious disease of the lower genital tract. Nystatin, a polyene fungicidal antibiotic, is used as a topical antifungal agent for VVC treatment. The aim of the current study was to investigate the possible immunomodulatory effects of nystatin on the vaginal mucosal immune response during Candida albicans infection and examine its role in protection of vaginal epithelial cell (VEC) ultrastructure. Read More

PeerJ 2018 28;6:e5685. Epub 2018 Sep 28.

Periodontics & Endodontics, Oral Biology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States of America.

Background: is a commensal fungus that inhabits the oral mucosal surface and causes oral and systemic candidiasis. Oral candidiasis most commonly occurs in patients with AIDS, denture wearers and newborn children. Systemic candidiasis occurs mainly in immunocompromised patients and patients admitted to hospitals for prolonged periods. Read More

PLoS Pathog 2018 09 25;14(9):e1007316. Epub 2018 Sep 25.

Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, United States of America.

Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that can infect oral mucosal surfaces while being under continuous flow from saliva. Under specific conditions, C. albicans will form microcolonies that more closely resemble the biofilms formed in vivo than standard in vitro biofilm models. Read More

Infect Immun 2018 12 20;86(12). Epub 2018 Nov 20.

Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Translational Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA

The human fungal pathogen is the major etiological agent of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). Despite this fact, other non- (NAC) species have frequently been reported, as well. Despite their presence in the vaginal environment, little is known about their capacities to elicit immune responses classically associated with -mediated immunopathology, including neutrophil recruitment and proinflammatory cytokine signaling. Read More

Molecules 2018 Sep 20;23(10). Epub 2018 Sep 20.

Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte-UFRN, Rua Gal, Gustavo Cordeiro de Faria, S/N, Petrópolis, Natal-RN 59084-100, Brazil.

This study evaluated the influence of the extract of in adhesion to human buccal epithelial cells (HBEC) biofilm formation and cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) of spp. isolated from the oral cavity of kidney transplant patients. To evaluate virulence attributes in vitro, nine yeasts were grown in the presence and absence of 1000 μg/mL of the extract. Read More

J Fungi (Basel) 2018 Sep 18;4(3). Epub 2018 Sep 18.

Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.

is a pleiomorphic fungus which co-exists with commensal bacteria in mucosal and skin sites of mammalian hosts. It is also a major co-isolated organism from polymicrobial systemic infections, with high potential for morbidity or mortality in immunocompromised patients. Traditionally, resident mucosal bacteria have been thought to antagonize in its ability to colonize or cause infection. Read More

Morphologie 2018 Dec 13;102(339):250-254. Epub 2018 Sep 13.

Department of Anatomy, Istanbul Medipol University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address:

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder resulting with many different complications including soft tissue abnormalities in the oral cavity such as periodontitis and salivary and taste dysfunction. Previous studies also reported fungal and bacterial infections in oral cavity in these patients. This study aims to represent three dimentional morphologic ultrastructural changes of the diabetic rat tongue via scanning electron microscopy. Read More

Clin Infect Dis 2018 Sep 10. Epub 2018 Sep 10.

Mycotic Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

Background: Fungal diseases range from relatively minor superficial and mucosal infections to severe, life-threatening systemic infections. Delayed diagnosis and treatment can lead to poor patient outcomes and high medical costs. The overall burden of fungal diseases in the United States is challenging to quantify because they are likely substantially underdiagnosed. Read More

Front Microbiol 2018 24;9:1995. Epub 2018 Aug 24.

Department of Biological Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States.

Interactions between mucosal tissues and commensal microbes control appropriate host immune responses and inflammation, but very little is known about these interactions. Here we show that the depletion of resident bacteria using antibiotics (Abx) causes oral and gut immunopathology during oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) infection. Antibiotic treatment causes reduction in the frequency of Foxp3+ regulatory cells (T) and IL-17A producers, with a concomitant increase in oral tissue pathology. Read More

Int J Pharm 2018 Oct 5;550(1-2):455-462. Epub 2018 Sep 5.

Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via San Donato 19/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy. Electronic address:

Bifidobacteria are predominant microorganisms in the intestinal flora, but at the same time represent a subdominant group of the vaginal microbiota. For this reason, oral administration of these probiotic bacteria can provide beneficial effect for both intestinal and urogenital ecosystems. The first aim of this study was to test the strain Bifidobacterium breve BC204, isolated from a vaginal swab of a healthy woman, for its capability to adhere to human cells, to survive to gastric acids and bile salts and to exert antimicrobial activities. Read More

JCI Insight 2018 Sep 6;3(17). Epub 2018 Sep 6.

Oral Immunity and Inflammation Unit, NIDCR, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.

Studies in patients with genetic defects can provide unique insights regarding the role of specific genes and pathways in humans. Patients with defects in the Th17/IL-17 axis, such as patients harboring loss-of-function STAT3 mutations (autosomal-dominant hyper IgE syndrome; AD-HIES) present with recurrent oral fungal infections. Our studies aimed to comprehensively evaluate consequences of STAT3 deficiency on the oral commensal microbiome. Read More

Int J STD AIDS 2019 Jan 31;30(1):90-93. Epub 2018 Aug 31.

Department of Dermatology, Topiwala National Medical College & B.Y.L. Nair Hospital, Mumbai, India.

Candida, a commensal dimorphic fungus, is the most common microorganism that causes opportunistic fungal infections worldwide. It can cause diseases ranging from superficial mucosal infections to disseminated, systemic life-threatening infections. Among Candida species, Candida albicans is the most common infectious agent. Read More

Indian J Sex Transm Dis AIDS 2017 Jul-Dec;38(2):128-135

Department of Community Medicine, Government Villupuram Medical College and Hospital, Villupuram, Tamil Nadu, India.

Background: Mucocutaneous findings may be the presenting symptoms in HIV-afflicted individuals. A multitude of mucocutaneous diseases also occurs during the course of the ailment, with some conditions being classed as disease defining. They include infectious diseases and noninfective inflammatory and neoplastic dermatoses. Read More

Eur J Immunol 2018 11 19;48(11):1826-1837. Epub 2018 Oct 19.

Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Charité Campus Mitte, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are a multifactorial disorder. Our understanding of the role of bacteria in the pathogenesis of IBD has increased substantially; however, only scarce data exist regarding the role of commensal fungi in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and triggering IBD. Candida albicans (C. Read More

Cell Microbiol 2018 Dec 7;20(12):e12943. Epub 2018 Sep 7.

Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology (DAGZ), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Tulln, Austria.

Candida glabrata is a common human fungal commensal and opportunistic pathogen. This fungus shows remarkable resilience as it can form recalcitrant biofilms on indwelling catheters, has intrinsic resistance against azole antifungals, and is causing vulvovaginal candidiasis. As a nosocomial pathogen, it can cause life-threatening bloodstream infections in immune-compromised patients. Read More

OMICS 2018 08;22(8):544-552

1 Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University) , Mangalore, India .

Candida tropicalis belongs to the non-albicans group of Candida, and causes epidermal, mucosal, or systemic candidiasis in immunocompromised individuals. Although the prevalence of candidiasis has increased worldwide and non-albicans Candida (NAC) are becoming more significant, there are very few studies that focus on the NAC biology. Proteins and their post-translational modifications (PTMs) are an integral aspect in the pathobiology of such medically important fungi. Read More

Dis Esophagus 2018 Dec;31(12)

Center for Digestive Health and Nutrition, Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children, Orlando, Florida, USA.

Patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) require frequent evaluation of mucosal inflammation via endoscopy. Instead of endoscopy, mucosal evaluation in adults with esophageal cancer and candidiasis is achieved using a cytology brush inserted through a nasogastric tube (NGT). We conducted a prospective cross-sectional study in children and young adults scheduled for routine esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) where in Phase 1, we performed esophageal brushing through the endoscope under direct visualization and in Phase 2, we inserted the brush through a Cortrak® NGT prior to endoscopy. Read More

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019 Feb 11;17(3):419-428.e6. Epub 2018 Jun 11.

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Background & Aims: Although swallowed topical corticosteroids (STCs) are effective in inducing remission of active eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), there are few data on maintenance of long-term remission. We evaluated the long-term effectiveness of STC therapy for adults with EoE.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study using the Swiss EoE database. Read More

Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2018 07;24(7):412-417

1 School of Engineering, Institute of Life Technologies, University of Applied Sciences , HES-SO Valais/Wallis, Sion, Switzerland .

Candida albicans frequently causes recurrent intimal infectious disease (ID). This demands the treatment of multiple phases of the infection. The objective of this study was to uncover the host-pathogen interaction using two-dimensional (2D) epithelium cell-barrier and three-dimensional (3D) subepithelium tissue cells of human mucosa. Read More

J Immunol 2018 Jul 11;201(2):627-634. Epub 2018 Jun 11.

Mucosal and Salivary Biology Division, King's College London Dental Institute, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom;

Protection against microbial infection by the induction of inflammation is a key function of the IL-1 superfamily, including both classical IL-1 and the new IL-36 cytokine families. is a frequent human fungal pathogen causing mucosal infections. Although the initiators and effectors important in protective host responses to are well described, the key players in driving these responses remain poorly defined. Read More

Br Dent J 2018 06;224(11):844

Queen Victoria Hospital, West Sussex.

MBio 2018 06 5;9(3). Epub 2018 Jun 5.

Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Hans-Knöll-Institute, Jena, Germany

Life-threatening systemic infections often occur due to the translocation of pathogens across the gut barrier and into the bloodstream. While the microbial and host mechanisms permitting bacterial gut translocation are well characterized, these mechanisms are still unclear for fungal pathogens such as , a leading cause of nosocomial fungal bloodstream infections. In this study, we dissected the cellular mechanisms of translocation of across intestinal epithelia and identified fungal genes associated with this process. Read More

Mediators Inflamm 2018 6;2018:9602362. Epub 2018 May 6.

Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Pediatric Dermatology, Medical University of Lublin, Ul. Radziwillowska 13, 20-080 Lublin, Poland.

Although fungal colonization is implicated in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, its prevalence remains unclear. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to provide an overview on the prevalence of species in patients with psoriasis. We searched databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and http://clinicaltrials. Read More

Odontology 2018 Oct 24;106(4):389-397. Epub 2018 May 24.

Course of Clinical Science, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Systemic Medicine, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Nippon Dental University Graduate School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, 1-8 Hamaura-cho, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8580, Japan.

The causes of fungemia include immunosuppression and neutropenia stemming from diverse factors as well as the placement of central venous catheters. However, the relationship between fungemia and the oral cavity has not been substantiated. In this study, we explored the pathological conditions of Candida albicans-derived oral candidiasis in a mouse model, which always develops oral mucositis as a complication. Read More

MBio 2018 05 22;9(3). Epub 2018 May 22.

Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Translational Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA

Inactivation of sterol Δ-desaturase (Erg3p) in the prevalent fungal pathogen is one of several mechanisms that can confer resistance to the azole antifungal drugs. However, loss of Erg3p activity is also associated with deficiencies in stress tolerance, invasive hyphal growth, and attenuated virulence in a mouse model of disseminated infection. This may explain why relatively few -deficient strains have been reported among azole-resistant clinical isolates. Read More

J Antimicrob Chemother 2018 Aug;73(8):2089-2094

Fungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology & Microbiology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Background: Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC) treatment often induces drug resistance, posing long-term challenges. A novel broad-spectrum fungal CYP51 inhibitor, VT-1598, specifically targets fungal CYP51, but not human CYP enzymes.

Objectives: To determine the efficacy of VT-1598 in the treatment of oral Candida infection caused by fluconazole-susceptible and -resistant clinical isolates. Read More