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PLoS Pathog 2019 Apr 22;15(4):e1007717. Epub 2019 Apr 22.

Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Storrs, Connecticut, United States of America.

Infectious complications are a common cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy due to increased risk of oral and gastrointestinal candidiasis, candidemia and septicemia. Interactions between C. albicans and endogenous mucosal bacteria are important in understanding the mechanisms of invasive infection. Read More

Infect Dis Clin North Am 2019 Jun;33(2):545-566

Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California Davis Medical Center, 4150 V Street, Suite G500, Sacramento, CA 96817, USA; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California - Davis, One Shields Avenue, Tupper Hall, Davis, CA 95616, USA. Electronic address:

Despite advances in chemotherapy and supportive care, morbidity and mortality remain high for patients with hematologic malignancies (HMs). Those who require hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) often require significant immunosuppression and are subject to a variety of complications. These patients carry multiple risk factors for infectious complications, including the development of invasive fungal infections, compared with the general population. Read More

Bioelectrochemistry 2019 Apr 9;128:148-154. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Biosciences, Center of Life Sciences, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio ave 7, 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania. Electronic address:

Antifungal substances that are used for the treatment of candidiasis have considerable side effects and Candida yeasts are known to obtain drug resistance. The multidrug resistance cases are promoting the search for the new alternative methods and pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment could be the alternative or could be used in combination with conventional therapy for the enhancement of the effect. We have shown that nanosecond range PEF is capable to induce apoptosis in the S. Read More

PLoS One 2019 19;14(4):e0215592. Epub 2019 Apr 19.

The Bateson Centre and Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, United Kingdom.

The neutrophil enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a major enzyme made by neutrophils to generate antimicrobial and immunomodulatory compounds, notably hypochlorous acid (HOCl), amplifying their capacity for destroying pathogens and regulating inflammation. Despite its roles in innate immunity, the importance of MPO in preventing infection is unclear, as individuals with MPO deficiency are asymptomatic with the exception of an increased risk of candidiasis. Dysregulation of MPO activity is also linked with inflammatory conditions such as atherosclerosis, emphasising a need to understand the roles of the enzyme in greater detail. Read More

Ayu 2018 Jul-Sep;39(3):182-186

Department of Microbiology, Tagore Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Introduction: species is the common form of opportunistic fungal infections, especially in immunosuppressed individuals. Fluconazole is the first-line therapy for candidiasis as it is affordable and readily available. However, the antifungal resistance pattern in high-risk patients is a major concern. Read More

Can Commun Dis Rep 2018 Nov 1;44(11):271-276. Epub 2018 Nov 1.

Division of Diagnostic and Applied Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB.

is a fungal pathogen that recently emerged and rapidly spread around the globe. It is now in Canada. can cause invasive disease with high mortality rates, is frequently resistant to one or more classes of antifungals, and can be difficult to identify in some clinical microbiology laboratories. Read More

Sci Rep 2019 Apr 17;9(1):6194. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA.

NDV-3A, a novel fungal vaccine undergoing clinical trials, contains a recombinant version of the Candida albicans rAls3 N-terminus protein (rAls3p-N) in aluminum hydroxide. In a Phase 1b/2a clinical trial, NDV-3A protected women from recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis. Here, we reveal that active immunization in mice with NDV-3A induces high titers of anti-rAls3p-N antibodies that interfere with C. Read More

An Acad Bras Cienc 2019 8;91(1):e20180045. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goés, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, 21941-590 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

Candida albicans is the most important fungal pathogen that causes infections in humans. Biofilms are hard-to-treat structures due to their high antifungal resistance. Saliva is a fluid that contains antimicrobial substances acting as the first-line of defense against pathogens, and its immune components may be potential tools for the discovery of new treatments against candidiasis. Read More

Biomed Environ Sci 2019 Mar;32(3):199-209

Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays (KLOEID) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China.

Objective: To evaluate the synergy of the Burkholderia signaling molecule cis-2-dodecenoic acid (BDSF) and fluconazole (FLU) or itraconazole (ITRA) against two azole-resistant C. albicans clinical isolates in vitro and in vivo.

Methods: Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of antibiotics against two azole-resistant C. Read More

Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Laboratoire des sciences fondamentales, Université Amar Telidji, BP 37G, Laghouat. Algeria.

Background And Objective: The present paper aims to study the inhibition of Candida albicans growth as candidiasis treatment, using seeds of Lepidium sativum as source.

Methods: In vitro assays were carried out on the antifungal activity of three kinds of extracts from L. sativum seeds against four strains of C. Read More

Inflamm Bowel Dis 2019 Apr 13. Epub 2019 Apr 13.

Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc., Deerfield, Illinois, USA.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treatment in the elderly is challenging in part because of increased risk of infections. The aim of our study was to determine the absolute and relative risk of infections among the elderly IBD patient population and to identify factors affecting the risk of infections in the overall IBD patient population.

Methods: A retrospective study of patients with IBD initiating corticosteroids, immunomodulators (IM), or biologic therapy (January 2010-December 2014) was conducted using the Truven Market Scan database. Read More

Sci Immunol 2019 Apr;4(34)

Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.

Autoimmune regulator (AIRE) mutations result in autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) syndrome characterized by defective central T cell tolerance and the production of many autoantibodies targeting tissue-specific antigens and cytokines. By studying CD3- and AIRE-deficient patients, we found that lack of either T cells or AIRE function resulted in the peripheral accumulation of autoreactive mature naïve B cells. Proteomic arrays and Biacore affinity measurements revealed that unmutated antibodies expressed by these autoreactive naïve B cells recognized soluble molecules and cytokines including insulin, IL-17A, and IL-17F, which are AIRE-dependent thymic peripheral tissue antigens targeted by autoimmune responses in APECED. Read More

Acta Biomed 2019 Mar 28;90(4-S):56-62. Epub 2019 Mar 28.

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Background And Aim Of The Study: Breastfeeding is essential for the health of mothers and newborns, and it is recommended by WHO-UNICEF as the sole source of nutrition and protection for the first 6 months of life and beyond. In order to fully promote this practice, it is important to recognize early conditions that can lead to pathological breastfeeding.

Aim: The study aims to analyze the prevalence and the possible risk or protective factors concerning the pathology of breastfeeding. Read More

Int J Rheum Dis 2019 Apr 11. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

ChanRe Rheumatology and Immunology Centre, Bangalore, India.

Aim: The use of healthcare resources by rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients can be related to the presence of disease, comorbid conditions, use of steroids, and the combined use of immunosuppressants. This study evaluated the risk factors associated with infection and hospitalization in RA.

Methods: This multicenter, cross-sectional study enrolled 3247 RA subjects fulfilling the 2010 American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism criteria to examine the prevalence of hospitalization and episodes of documentable non-tubercular infections as a part of the "Karnataka rheumatoid arthritis comorbidity" study (KRAC). Read More

IDCases 2019 19;15:e00525. Epub 2019 Mar 19.

New York University Langone Health, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States.

Although Candida species are common pathogens for nosocomial infections, Candida endocarditis is still considered a rare entity. Here, we report two cases of endovascular infections in patients with prosthetic valves, both of which responded to combination antifungal therapy without surgical intervention. Additionally, T2 magnetic resonance (T2MR) was used to assess for resolution of invasive candidiasis. Read More

Med Mycol Case Rep 2019 Jun 25;24:41-43. Epub 2019 Mar 25.

Immunocompromised Host Infectious Diseases Service, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, and the Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

spp. are common colonizers of the oral mucosa and respiratory tract in lung transplant recipients. Although thought to be non-pathogenic in most cases, donor derived infections related to Candida spp. Read More

Front Microbiol 2019 26;10:595. Epub 2019 Mar 26.

Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Nicotinamide (NAM) has a long history in clinical applications and can be safely used for treating various diseases. In recent years, NAM was found to exhibit antimicrobial activities, inhibiting the growth of , , and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Here we investigated the activity of NAM against , one of the most prevalent human fungal pathogens. Read More

Molecules 2019 04 9;24(7). Epub 2019 Apr 9.

School of Public Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, Hainan, China.

Essential oils (EOs) have been shown to have a diversity of beneficial human health effects. is a large and highly diverse genus of plants with medicinal and cosmetic significance. The aim of this study was to analyze the composition of EOs and to investigate their potential antifungal effects. Read More

Braz Oral Res 2019 4;33:e023. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Universidade Estadual da Paraíba - UEPb, Department of Dentistry, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil.

We evaluated the antifungal and antibiofilm potential of the hydroalcoholic extract of bark from Anadenanthera colubrina (vell.) Brenan, known as Angico, against Candida spp. Antifungal activity was evaluated using the microdilution technique through the Minimum Inhibitory and Fungicide Concentrations (MIC and MFC). Read More

AAPS PharmSciTech 2019 Apr 10;20(4):161. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 1-Azarita Square, Alexandria, Egypt.

Topical treatment of fungal infections has several superiorities over oral treatment. However, the greatest challenge for dermal delivery is the stratum corneum which is considered an effective barrier for penetration of most antifungal drugs into deeper skin layers. Terconazole (Tr), which is the first marketed triazole antifungal, was reported to be one of the most active azoles against vaginal candidiasis. Read More

Mycopathologia 2019 Apr 9. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

The People's Hospital of Suzhou National New & Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.

We investigated the antifungal susceptibility profiles of 207 independent Candida albicans strains isolated from patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) in Xinjiang Province of China. Using CLSI M27-A3 and M27-S4 guidelines, anidulafungin and micafungin were the most active drugs against C. albicans showing an MIC/MIC corresponding to 0. Read More

Clin Neuropathol 2019 Apr 9. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

An elderly male was admitted to the Department of Neurology for slowly progressive dysarthria and right-sided atactic hemiparesis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a small contrast-enhanced focus of malignant glioma in the left parietal lobe - with the growth pattern of cerebral gliomatosis - involving the whole left cerebral hemisphere, the corpus callosum, and spreading into the right frontal hemisphere. Diagnostic biopsy was deferred until the exclusion of other possible causes of the brain lesion. Read More

Autops Case Rep 2019 Apr-Jun;9(2):e2018070. Epub 2019 Mar 22.

Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Hospital Universitário, Internal Medicine Division. São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Esophageal infection by spp. is a common opportunistic entity in immunocompromised hosts; however, systemic fungal dissemination due to perforation or transmural necrosis, also known as necrotizing esophagitis (NCE), is rare. We report the case of a 61-year-old male patient with diagnosed ankylosing spondylitis, severe arteriosclerosis, and vasculitis under immunosuppressive therapy who presented NCE with fungal and bacterial septicemia diagnosed at autopsy. Read More

Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2019 Apr 8. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.

Caspofungin has a liver-dependent metabolism. Reduction of the dose is recommended based on Child-Pugh (C-P) score. In critically ill patients drug pharmacokinetics (PK) may be altered. Read More

Polymers (Basel) 2019 Feb 20;11(2). Epub 2019 Feb 20.

Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Ensaios de Medicamentos, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, R. Baraúnas, 351, Cidade Universitária, 58429-500, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil.

The use of biocompatible polymers such as Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), Hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC), Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), and Carbopol in solid formulations results in mucoadhesive systems capable of promoting the prolonged and localized release of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs). This strategy represents a technological innovation that can be applied to improving the treatment of oral infections, such as oral candidiasis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a tablet of L. Read More

Turk Thorac J 2019 Jan 31;20(2):136-139. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Department of Chest Diseases, Division of Immunology and Allergy, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.

Objectives: Worldwide, asthma is a major health problem and inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are the mainstay of asthma treatment. High-dose and long-term use of ICS can result in some side effects. The present study aimed to determine the frequency of oral and systemic candidiasis infections in adult asthma patients using ICS, and to identify possible risk factors. Read More

J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2019 ;12(1):29-36

Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, M.G., Brazil.

Background: The incidence rate of invasive candidiasis in newborns with birth weight below 1,500 g ranges from 2% to 8%, and fluconazole prophylaxis in neonatal units is recommended when the incidence of invasive candidiasis is higher than 5%. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of targeted prophylaxis and universal prophylaxis with fluconazole in the prevention of invasive candidiasis.

Methods: This was a historical cohort comparing the targeted prophylaxis for newborns weighing less than 1,500 g and the universal prophylaxis for newborns weighing less than 1,000 g. Read More

J Inorg Biochem 2019 Mar 23;195:149-163. Epub 2019 Mar 23.

Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Knez Mihailova 35, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia. Electronic address:

Five novel silver(I) complexes with 4,7-phenanthroline (4,7-phen), [Ag(NO-O)(4,7-phen-μ-N4,N7)] (1), [Ag(ClO-О)(4,7-phen-μ-N4,N7)] (2), [Ag(CFCOO-O)(4,7-phen-μ-N4,N7)] (3), [Ag(HO)(4,7-phen)](SbF) (4) and {[Ag(HO)(4,7-phen-μ-N4,N7)](BF)} (5) were synthesized, structurally elucidated and biologically evaluated. These complexes showed selectivity towards Candida spp. in comparison to the tested bacteria and effectively inhibited the growth of four different Candida species, particularly of C. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Apr 4;12(4). Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore.

A 41-year-old woman with menorrhagia secondary to adenomyosis underwent an elective uncomplicated total laparoscopic hysterectomy after failed medical therapy. She developed fever, epigastric pain, nausea and diarrhoea on postoperative day (POD) 2. CT of abdomen and pelvis performed on POD 3 revealed an 8×3×3 cm fluid collection superior to the bladder. Read More

PLoS One 2019 4;14(4):e0213975. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.

The genital tract of African women has been shown to differ from what is currently accepted as 'normal', defined by a pH≤4.5 and lactobacilli-dominated microbiota. Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) from sub-Saharan Africa are at high risk for HIV, and we hypothesized that specific biological factors are likely to be influential. Read More

Pancreas 2019 04;48(4):537-543

Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan.

Objective: Antimicrobial prophylaxis is not generally recommended for patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) owing to the limited clinical benefits. Nonetheless, it is frequently administered in actual practice given the patients' critical condition and the lack of solid evidence showing adverse effects of antimicrobial prophylaxis. We evaluated herein an association between antimicrobial prophylaxis and invasive pancreatic candidiasis as an adverse effect in patients with SAP. Read More

Lasers Med Sci 2019 Apr 3. Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Av. Dom Joao VI, 275, Brotas, Salvador, Bahia, 40290-000, Brazil.

Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a frequent infection of the female genitourinary tract. It is considered the second most common genital infection in women, after bacterial vaginosis. VVC is treated with oral or topical azole derivatives. Read More

mSphere 2019 04 3;4(2). Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Department of Prosthodontics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Dentistry, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA

Denture stomatitis (DS) is a condition characterized by inflammation of the oral mucosa in direct contact with dentures and affects a significant number of otherwise healthy denture wearers. associated DS is predominantly caused by , a dimorphic fungus that readily colonizes and forms biofilms on denture materials. Previous studies showed a requirement for biofilm formation on both palate and dentures in infection and identified fungal morphogenic transcription factors, Efg1 and Bcr1, as key players in DS pathogenesis. Read More

Int J STD AIDS 2019 Mar 8;30(4):411-414. Epub 2019 Jan 8.

Department of Sexual Health, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, Wycombe General Hospital, Wycombe, UK.

The aim of this study is to compare the performance of the BD MAX™ Vaginal Panel (Becton, Dickinson and company, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA) in the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis (BV), candidiasis and trichomoniasis with current standard tests in a UK specialist sexual health service. Women with abnormal vaginal discharge attending the service who had not used douches or vaginal treatment in the preceding 48 hours had two vulvovaginal swabs taken: one for Chlamydia and gonorrhoea nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) and one for testing on the BD MAX™ Vaginal Panel on the BD MAX System. Speculum examination was then performed and vaginal swabs taken for vaginal pH, and microscopy of vaginal secretions: Gram stain for Candida and BV using the Hay-Ison score and wet-mount for clue cells and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV). Read More

Vaccine 2019 Apr 28;37(18):2430-2438. Epub 2019 Mar 28.

Department of MIP & Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC), New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.

Hematogenously disseminated candidiasis in humans is the third leading cause of nosocomial bloodstream infections in the US. There is no FDA approved antifungal vaccine or prophylactic/therapeutic antibody for use in humans. We first reported novel synthetic peptide and glycopeptide vaccines against Candida albicans cell surface epitopes that protect mice against disseminated candidiasis. Read More

BMC Womens Health 2019 Mar 29;19(1):48. Epub 2019 Mar 29.

Center of Excellence in Oral and Craniofacial Biology, School of Dentistry, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.

Background: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common infection affecting women worldwide. Reports of patterns/risk factors/trends for episodic/recurrent VVC (RVVC) are largely outdated. The purpose of this study was to obtain current patient perspectives of several aspects of VVC/RVVC. Read More

J Adv Res 2019 Jul 28;18:137-145. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

Department of Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, China.

proteins located on the cell wall and in the cytoplasm have gained great attention because they are not only involved in cellular metabolism and the maintenance of integrity but also interact with host immune systems. Previous research has reported that enolase from exhibits high immunogenicity and effectively protects mice against disseminated candidiasis. In this study, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) of was cloned and purified for the first time, and this study focused on evaluating its effects on the differentiation of the human monocytic cell line THP-1. Read More

MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2019 Mar 29;68(12):285-288. Epub 2019 Mar 29.

Candidemia, a bloodstream infection caused by Candida species, is typically considered a health care-associated infection, with known risk factors including the presence of a central venous catheter, receipt of total parenteral nutrition or broad-spectrum antibiotics, recent abdominal surgery, admission to an intensive care unit, and prolonged hospitalization (1,2). Injection drug use (IDU) is not a common risk factor for candidemia; however, in the context of the ongoing opioid epidemic and corresponding IDU increases, IDU has been reported as an increasingly common condition associated with candidemia (3) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (4). Little is known about the epidemiology of candidemia among persons who inject drugs. Read More

J Investig Clin Dent 2019 Mar 27:e12412. Epub 2019 Mar 27.

Department of Clinical and Social Dentistry, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil.

Aim: Evidence of glucose supplementation effect on Candida biofilm metabolism has not been demonstrated. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of glucose concentration on Candida biofilms.

Methods: Single- and dual-species biofilms of Candida were grown on saliva-coated poly(methyl-methacrylate) disks for 72 hours. Read More

Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019 Mar 23. Epub 2019 Mar 23.

Biophysics department, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address:

Background And Aim: Candida albicans (C. albicans) causes oral fungal infections. Considering the high prevalence of candidiasis, the toxicity of antifungal drugs, and the fungistatic property which develops drug-resistant species, the present study aimed to assess the effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with curcumin (CUR) and methylene blue (MB) photosensitizers and lasers with different exposure parameters on C. Read More

Intensive Care Med 2019 Mar 25. Epub 2019 Mar 25.

Infectious Diseases Clinic, Department of Medicine University of Udine and Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Udine, Udine, Italy.

Introduction: The term invasive candidiasis (IC) refers to both bloodstream and deep-seated invasive infections, such as peritonitis, caused by Candida species. Several guidelines on the management of candidemia and invasive infection due to Candida species have recently been published, but none of them focuses specifically on critically ill patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs).

Material And Methods: In the absence of available scientific evidence, the resulting recommendations are based solely on epidemiological and clinical evidence in conjunction with expert opinion. Read More

Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2019 Mar 25. Epub 2019 Mar 25.

Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Republic of Korea

Fluconazole is an anti-fungal agent with reported evidence for its prophylactic effect against systemic fungal infection in preterm infants. The aim of this study was to build a population pharmacokinetic model to evaluate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of intravenous and oral fluconazole in preterm infants with the current prophylactic fluconazole dosing regimen. A pharmacokinetic model was developed using 301 fluconazole concentrations from 75 preterm infants with a baseline body weight (WT) ranging from 0. Read More

Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2019 Mar;58(2):261-265

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy and Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Tajen University, Pingtung County, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Objective: Neonatal candidiasis is a leading infectious cause of significant morbidity and mortality in premature birth mainly due to impaired physical barriers and immature immune system of fetus. Maternal pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) has been reported to be able to disturb the neonatal immune system, which could cause the increased possibility of neonatal infection. Therefore, we hypothesized that maternal PIH may increase the risk of neonatal candidiasis. Read More

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2019 Mar 7;71(1):124-127. Epub 2018 Apr 7.

Department of ENT, Gandhi Medical College & Hamidia Hospital, Bhopal, MP 42001 India.

The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of oral candidiasis in human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients in India. A descriptive cross-sectional study. To compare the occurrence of candidiasis with the levels of CD4 (cluster of differentiation) cell counts. Read More

J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2019 Mar 11. Epub 2019 Mar 11.

Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Laboratory Analysis Unit, A.O.U. "Policlinico -Vittorio Emanuele", Catania, Italy.

Background: The diagnosis of Invasive Candidiasis (IC) presents serious problems, mainly associated with the absence of pathognomonic symptoms of the disease and the difficulty of isolating the fungus in blood culture. Candida albicans germ tube antibody (CAGTA) provides a rapid and simple test for diagnosis of IC. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic role of the CAGTA in the monitoring of critically-ill patients at risk of developing IC. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2019 Mar 21;19(1):274. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Health and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Background: Little is known about the morbidity and mortality of invasive fungal disease (IFD) at a population level. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence, trends and outcomes of IFD in all haematology-oncology patients by linking Victorian hospital data to state-based registries.

Methods: Episodes of IFD complicating adult haematological malignancy (HM) and haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) patients admitted to Victorian hospitals from 1 July 2005 to 30 June 2016 were extracted from the Victorian Admitted Episodes Dataset and linked to the date of HM diagnosis from the Victorian Cancer Registry and mortality from the Victorian Death Index. Read More

Eur J Med Chem 2019 May 11;170:173-194. Epub 2019 Mar 11.

Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.

Currently, the available antifungal agents have significant clinical incompetency in terms of their clinical efficacy, antifungal spectrum, unfavorable pharmacokinetic profiles, substantial side effects and drug-drug interactions. Thus, the optimization and improvement of existing drugs and identification of new antifungal agents are urgently needed. Fluconazole is the first triazole alcohol drug with good in vivo efficacy against yeasts and well-known targets in fungal cells. Read More

Chin Med J (Engl) 2019 Mar 19. Epub 2019 Mar 19.

Department of Microecological Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China.

Objective: The Vaginal Microecology Evaluation System (VMES) is a technical and economically feasible tool to assess the vaginal microbiomes of gynecological outpatients. The aim of this review was to introduce knowledge on the potential changes that can occur in the vaginal microbiome and how to use the Evaluation System to diagnose and manage a broad range of vaginal infections.

Data Sources: This review was based on data in articles published in PubMed up to December 10, 2018, with the following keywords: "Vaginal microecosystem", "vaginal microbiome", "vaginal microbiota", and "vaginal flora". Read More

Med Mycol 2019 Mar 20. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Ondokuz Mayis University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Microbiology, 55139, Samsun, Turkey.

The aims of the study were to examine the distribution of Candida spp. isolated from sterile body sites, the antifungal susceptibility of the isolates to amphotericin B, and fluconazole, risk factors and clinical outcomes associated with invasive health care-associated Candida infections in neonates and children. Between January 2007 and January 2012, the patients with invasive candidiasis were detected from microbiology laboratary records and medical records were examined retrospectively. Read More

Open Forum Infect Dis 2019 Mar 15;6(Suppl 1):S79-S94. Epub 2019 Mar 15.

JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, Iowa.

Background: The emergence of antifungal resistance threatens effective treatment of invasive fungal infection (IFI). Invasive candidiasis is the most common health care-associated IFI. We evaluated the activity of fluconazole (FLU) against 20 788 invasive isolates of (37 species) collected from 135 medical centers in 39 countries (1997-2016). Read More