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Can Urol Assoc J 2020 Mar 3;14(3):E115-E125. Epub 2020 Feb 3.

Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 May 12. Epub 2020 May 12.

Lenox Hill Hospital, Department of Urology, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York.

Introduction: Informed decision-making in localized prostate cancer must consider the natural history of the disease, risks of treatment, and the competing risks from other causes. Other-cause mortality has often been associated with comorbidity or treatment-related side effects. We aimed to examine the association between prostate cancer aggressiveness and other cause mortality. Read More

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 May 12. Epub 2020 May 12.

Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

Introduction: Penectomy as the traditional surgical treatment of penile cancer, has substantial adverse functional and psychological impact. Glansectomy with split thickness skin graft (STSG) reconstruction aims to provide curative resection while maximizing functional outcomes, and minimizing psychological harm. We describe our outcomes of glansectomy with STSG reconstruction for penile cancer in a Canadian setting. Read More

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 May 12. Epub 2020 May 12.

Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.

At the Canadian Testis Cancer Workshop, the rationale and feasibility of regionalization of testis cancer care were discussed. The two-day workshop involved urologists, medical and radiation oncologists, pathologists, radiologists, physician's assistants, residents and fellows, and nurses, as well as patients and patient advocacy groups.This review summarizes the discussion and recommendations of one of the central topics of the workshop - the centralization of testis cancer in Canada. Read More

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 May 12. Epub 2020 May 12.

Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.

Introduction: We aimed to assess safety and efficacy of incobotulinumtoxinA for the treatment of neurogenic detrusor overactivity (DO).

Methods: We identified patients with neurogenic DO confirmed on urodynamics (UDS) and reported urgency incontinence (UI) in those who received intravesical incobotulinumtoxin A injection for neurogenic bladder between November 2013 and May 2017. Parameters studied were daytime frequency, daily incontinence episodes, daily pad use, clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) volumes, symptom scores (UDI6, IIQ7, PGII), and complications. Read More

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 May 12. Epub 2020 May 12.

Department of Urology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.

Urological issues in the pregnant patient present a unique clinical dilemma. These patients may be challenging to treat due to risks associated with medications and surgical procedures. This review aims to provide an update on the physiological changes and surgical risks in pregnancy. Read More

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 May 12. Epub 2020 May 12.

Institute of Urology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.

Introduction: Current literature on perioperative and oncological outcomes following radical cystectomy among different racial groups is limited, especially among Hispanics and Asians. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of racial differences on perioperative and oncological outcomes in a large cohort of bladder cancer patients who underwent radical cystectomy.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 3293 patients who underwent radical cystectomy with curative intent at our institution between 1971 and 2017. Read More

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 May 12. Epub 2020 May 12.

Department of Urology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.

Introduction: With the shift to competency-based training, surgical skills lab training (SSLT) may become a mandatory part of Canadian urology residency programs (CURPs). This study aims to identify: 1) the status of SSLT in CURP; 2) stakeholder perspectives on the utility of SSLT; 3) barriers to developing and implementing SSLT; and 4) how to address these barriers.

Methods: Surveys were developed and issued to three groups of stakeholders: 1) SSLT directors at all 13 CURPs (response rate 100%); 2) teaching faculty (response rate 33%); and 3) urology residents (response rate 24%). Read More

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 May 12. Epub 2020 May 12.

Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.

Introduction: Adequate knowledge of biostatistics is essential for healthcare providers to stay up-to-date with medical advances and maintain an evidence-based practice. However, training in clinical research in Canadian residency programs varies considerably. Our study aimed to determine Canadian urology trainees' knowledge of biostatistics and interpretation of the scientific literature. Read More

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 May 12. Epub 2020 May 12.

Divisions of Urology and General Surgery, Department of Surgery Western University, London, ON, Canada.

Introduction: The study's objective was to examine the effects of renal preservation surgery on long-term mortality, cardiovascular outcomes, and renal-related outcomes.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of all partial (n=575) and radical nephrectomies (n=882) for tumors ≤7 cm in diameter between 2002 and 2010 across three academic centers in Ontario, Canada. We linked records from provincial databases to assess patient characteristics and outcomes (median seven years' followup using retrospective data). Read More

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 May 12. Epub 2020 May 12.

Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Introduction: Recent reports suggest that early salvage radiation (esRT) is non-inferior to adjuvant radiation (aRT) for adverse pathological features at radical prostatectomy. However, aRT was accepted as a standard treatment primarily based on effects on biochemical progression-free survival (bPFS). In order to understand the merits of esRT, the objective was to reassess if aRT vs. Read More

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 May 8. Epub 2020 May 8.

University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 Apr 28. Epub 2020 Apr 28.

Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.

Introduction: Recent health technology assessments (HTAs) of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) in Ontario and Alberta, Canada, resulted in opposite recommendations, calling into question whether benefits of RARP offset the upfront investment. Therefore, the study objectives were to conduct a cost-utility analysis from a Canadian public payer perspective to determine the cost-effectiveness of RARP.

Methods: Using a 10-year time horizon, a five-state Markov model was developed to compare RARP to open radical prostatectomy (ORP). Read More

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 Apr 28. Epub 2020 Apr 28.

Department of Urology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 May 4;14(5):E229. Epub 2020 May 4.

Community Urologist, Oakville, ON, Canada.

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 May 4;14(5):E169-E172. Epub 2020 May 4.

Division of Pediatric Urology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 May 4;14(5):E167-E168. Epub 2020 May 4.

Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 May 4;14(5):E161-E166. Epub 2020 May 4.

Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 May 4;14(5):E159-E160. Epub 2020 May 4.

Clinical Urology Research Enterprise (CURE) Program, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, ON, Canada.

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 May 5;14(5):E154-E158. Epub 2020 Apr 5.

Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton AB, Canada.

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 Apr 1;14(4):E126-E127. Epub 2020 Apr 1.

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 Apr 1;14(4):144. Epub 2020 Apr 1.

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 Apr 1;14(4):143. Epub 2020 Apr 1.

Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 Apr 1;14(4):141. Epub 2020 Apr 1.

Community Urologist, Oakville, ON, Canada.

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 Apr 1;14(4):130-138. Epub 2020 Apr 1.

McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 Apr 1;14(4):105. Epub 2020 Apr 1.

Division of Urology, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 Apr 1;14(4):97-98. Epub 2020 Apr 1.

Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and the University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 Apr 1;14(4):87-90. Epub 2020 Apr 1.

Moncton Hospital, Moncton, NB, Canada.

Sacral neuromodulation (SNM) has been used for the past 30 years, with significant improvements in the implantation technique and technology over the last several years. Canadian centers were involved with this technique from the very beginning by participating in several multicenter clinical trials and engaging in basic and clinical research. Presently, six Canadian centers continue to have SNM implantation programs. Read More

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 Apr 1;14(4):85-86. Epub 2020 Apr 1.

Department of Urology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 Apr 1;14(4):81. Epub 2020 Apr 1.

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 Apr 1;14(4):79-80. Epub 2020 Apr 1.

Department of Urology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada, and CUAJ Editor-in-Chief.

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 Mar 30. Epub 2020 Mar 30.

Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto.

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 Mar 30. Epub 2020 Mar 30.

Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.

Introduction: Post-chemotherapy retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (PCRPLND) has a well-established role in the management of residual retroperitoneal masses >1cm in patients with advanced non-seminomatous germ cell tumor (NSGCT). Herein, we report our single-surgeon surgical experience in a Canadian tertiary hospital.

Methods: We identified 57 patients with NSGCT who received primary chemotherapy and PCRPLND from 2010-2016. Read More

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 Mar 30. Epub 2020 Mar 30.

Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON; Canada.

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 Mar 30. Epub 2020 Mar 30.

Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Introduction: Digital rectal examination (DRE) is part of the clinical evaluation of men on active surveillance (AS). The purpose of the present study is to analyze the value of DRE as a predictor of upgrading in a population of men with prostate cancer (PC) treated with AS.

Methods: We used the prostate biopsy (PBx) database from an academic center, including PBx from 2006-2018, and identified 2029 confirmatory biopsies (CxPBx) of men treated with AS, of which 726 men had both diagnostic (initial) and CxPBx information available. Read More

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 Mar 30. Epub 2020 Mar 30.

Department of Urology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.

Introduction: Practitioners have anecdotally hinted at a possible association between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). We sought to identify an association in diagnosis between GERD and VUR using a population-based dataset in a well-defined geographic area covered by a single-payer healthcare system.

Methods: A retrospective review of individuals aged 0-16 years registered in the Nova Scotia Medical Service Insurance database from January 1997 to December 2012 was completed. Read More

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 Mar 30. Epub 2020 Mar 30.

Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Western University, London, ON Canada.

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 Mar 30. Epub 2020 Mar 30.

Department of Urology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Introduction: We aimed to compare objective structured clinical examinations (OSCE) performance of residents from four Canadian urology programs, based on resident and station characteristics. We also aimed to evaluate OSCE contents by station type and subspecialty.

Methods: Scores of 109 post-graduate year (PGY)-3 to PGY-5 residents were retrospectively reviewed from 19 OSCEs from May 2008 to February 2019. Read More

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 Mar 30. Epub 2020 Mar 30.

Division of Urology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Introduction: Our aim was to determine whether androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) with abiraterone acetate (AA) or ADT with docetaxel chemotherapy (DC) resulted in improved quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) among men with de novo metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) and the cost-effectiveness of the preferred strategy using decision analytic techniques.

Methods: A microsimulation model with a lifetime time horizon was constructed. Our primary outcome was QALYs. Read More

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 Mar 30. Epub 2020 Mar 30.

Department of Urology, Dalhousie University, Saint John, NB, Canada.

Introduction: Peyronie's disease (PD) affects approximately 0.7-11% of men1 and has numerous proposed treatments. Invasive management options include surgical or injectable therapy, while penile traction therapy with vacuum erection device (VED) represents a noninvasive approach. Read More

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 Mar 30. Epub 2020 Mar 30.

Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.

Introduction: More than a quarter of tumors are missed by magnetic resonance imaging/ultrasound (MRI/US) fusion-guided biopsy, the majority due to software-based mis-registration. Transrectal approaches to biopsy are typically performed in the lateral decubitus position; conversely, diagnostic MRI is performed with the patient lying supine. Any position-related difference in prostate location or gland deformation could potentially exacerbate mis-registration at subsequent biopsy. Read More

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 Mar 30. Epub 2020 Mar 30.

Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Introduction: Radical cystectomy is a highly morbid procedure with 30-day perioperative complication rates approaching 50%. Our objective was to determine the effect of patients' body mass index (BMI) on perioperative outcomes following radical cystectomy for bladder cancer.

Methods: We identified 3930 eligible patients who underwent radical cystectomy for nonmetastatic bladder cancer using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database. Read More

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 Mar 23. Epub 2020 Mar 23.

Division of Urology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Introduction: Our aim was to explore the satisfaction, personal and professional challenges, and practice barriers among female urologists in Canada.

Methods: A literature review was completed to design our survey. Trends with respect to career and personal satisfaction were identified, including academic advancement, mentorship, professional challenges, workplace discrimination, family satisfaction, and remuneration, among others. Read More

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 Mar 23. Epub 2020 Mar 23.

Urology Service UroLaval, Cité- de-la-Santé Hospital, Laval and St-Eustache Hospital, affiliated with Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Introduction: Some authors advocate an increase in post-prostate needle biopsy (PNB) infections associated with emergent quinolone resistance in E. coli, urging re-evaluation of antibioprophylaxis. In this study, we compared rates of post-PNB urosepsis associated with two oral regimens of antibioprophylaxis: ciprofloxacin (CIP) vs. Read More

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 03 23. Epub 2020 Mar 23.

Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

Introduction: Advanced urothelial carcinoma has been challenging to treat due to limited treatment options, poor response rates, and poor long-term survival. New treatment options hold the promise of improved outcomes for these patients.

Methods: A multidisciplinary working group drafted a management algorithm for advanced urothelial carcinoma using "consensus development conference" methodology. Read More

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 Mar 23. Epub 2020 Mar 23.

BC Cancer.

Introduction: Testicular cancer is the most common solid malignancy diagnosed in young men aged 15-29. This population is also the age group that searches most actively for health information online. This study systematically evaluates the quality of websites available to patients with testicular cancer. Read More

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 Mar 23. Epub 2020 Mar 23.

Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.

Introduction: Urologists use ultrasound in the male infertility workup to evaluate scrotal contents and objectively identify varicoceles if their presence is questionable on physical examination. We assessed practice patterns and diagnostic criteria of male reproductive urologists using ultrasound to evaluate varicoceles.

Methods: An anonymous online survey was sent to the Society for Male Reproduction and Urology (SMRU) members. Read More

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 Mar 23. Epub 2020 Mar 23.

Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

Introduction: Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) is a standard of care primary treatment for men with clinically localized prostate cancer (CLPC). The 2010 Canadian Urological Association (CUA) consensus guideline examining surgical quality performance for radical prostatectomy suggested benchmarks for surgical performance. To date, no study has examined whether Canadian surgeons are achieving these benchmarks. Read More

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 Mar 23. Epub 2020 Mar 23.

Department of Urology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.

Introduction: Guidelines are available to assist providers in identifying patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) that may benefit from genetic counselling, however, the evidence for these recommendations lacks support from the literature and controversy remains as to who should be referred. We aimed to delineate risk factors associated with a positive genetic test in a real-life cohort of patients with RCC referred to a regional medical genetics unit for evaluation of a hereditary kidney cancer syndrome.

Methods: Patients with a diagnosis of RCC referred to Maritime Medical Genetics Service (Nova Scotia, Canada) from 2006-2017 were reviewed using retrospective data. Read More