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Ann Biomed Eng 2021 Jun 11. Epub 2021 Jun 11.

Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, 11100 Johns Hopkins Road, Laurel, MD, 20723, USA.

The lower extremity is the most frequently injured body region to mounted soldiers during underbody blast (UBB) events. UBB events often produce large deformations of the floor and subsequent acceleration of the lower limb that are not sufficiently mitigated by the combat boot, leaving the calcaneus bone vulnerable to injury. Biomechanical experiments simulating UBB loading scenarios were conducted in a laboratory environment using isolated postmortem human subject (PMHS) leg components. Read More

Injury 2021 May 17. Epub 2021 May 17.

Department of Orthopaedics, Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, Queensland 4215 Australia. Electronic address:

Introduction: The calcaneus is the most commonly fractured hindfoot bone, accounting for over 60% of all tarsal fractures. The aim of this study was to compare the mechanism of injury and psychological health status in patients presenting with calcaneal fractures to an age- and sex-matched control group with ankle fractures.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study was undertaken within an orthopaedic unit at a tertiary hospital. Read More

Bone Joint J 2021 Jun;103-B(6):1040-1046

University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK.

Aims: We report the long-term outcomes of the UK Heel Fracture Trial (HeFT), a pragmatic, multicentre, two-arm, assessor-blinded, randomized controlled trial.

Methods: HeFT recruited 151 patients aged over 16 years with closed displaced, intra-articular fractures of the calcaneus. Patients with significant deformity causing fibular impingement, peripheral vascular disease, or other significant limb injuries were excluded. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021 10;12:684334. Epub 2021 May 10.

Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Diseases, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.

The lack of DXA has made the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis extremely difficult in the vast rural areas of China, which has the largest population with high risks of osteoporosis. The aims of this cross-sectional study were to evaluate the association between the osteoporosis self-assessment tool for Asians (OSTA) and calcaneus quantitative ultrasound (QUS) in populations residing in Shanghai, China, and their assessment in predicting osteoporotic fractures and falls. A population of 12,033 participants, including 1272 males (average age 68. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2021 Apr 14. Epub 2021 Apr 14.

University of Louisville Orthopedic Surgery, Louisville, KY.

The choice of treatment for Sanders Type II and Type III calcaneal fractures remains controversial with unclear patient functional outcomes. A meta-analysis was done to compare the functional outcome of ORIF vs primary subtalar arthrodesis (PSA) according to American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Score (AOFAS) hindfoot-ankle scores. The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library Databases were searched by two independent evaluators. Read More

Injury 2021 May 15. Epub 2021 May 15.

Department of Rehabilitation, Nagoya Joint Replacement Orthopaedic Clinic, 7 Iponbashi, Takadaji, Kita-Nagoya, Aichi 481-0011, Japan.

Introduction: Only a few reports have described calcaneal insufficiency fractures (IFs) following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Herein, we describe nine cases of calcaneal IFs following ipsilateral TKA. The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of calcaneal fractures following TKA and determine the characteristics of patients with IFs. Read More

Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2021 May 20:9544119211019509. Epub 2021 May 20.

Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Charles University Prague, 3rd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital KralovskeVinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic.

The purpose of the study was to compare the stability of the plate osteosyntheses of intra-articular calcaneal fractures using various types of a sustentacular screw insertions. A geometrical model of a calcaneal fracture was created. The fracture was fixed with a plate and screws with a uniform distribution. Read More

BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021 May 19;22(1):456. Epub 2021 May 19.

Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Schön Klinik Neustadt, Am Kiebitzberg 10, 23730, Neustadt in Holstein, Germany.

Background: Demographic changes led to an increasingly ageing population in Germany and thus to possible changes in the frequency of fractures. The primary aim of this study was to report changes in fracture rates of the lower extremities in Germany in 2002 compared to 2017 and to evaluate those changes.

Methods: Inpatient data from the German National Hospital Discharge Registry (ICD10) for 2002 and 2017 were evaluated. Read More

Exp Ther Med 2021 Jul 7;22(1):731. Epub 2021 May 7.

Department of Orthopedics, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.

The highly comminuted calcaneal fractures represent a challenge for surgeons and require bone grafts for a good clinical outcome. Postoperative results are generally associated with increased morbidity and long periods of inactivity. The biomedical community promotes the use of artificial materials for grafts in order to achieve improved results. Read More

Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2021 Jul 24;206:106124. Epub 2021 Apr 24.

The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China. Electronic address:

Background And Objective: Calcaneus is the largest tarsal bone to withstand the daily stresses of weight-bearing. The calcaneal fracture is the most common type in the tarsal bone fractures. After a fracture is suspected, plain radiographs should be taken first. Read More

Foot (Edinb) 2021 Feb 24:101794. Epub 2021 Feb 24.

Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Barnet Hospital, EN5 3DJ London, UK.

Aim: To evaluate the reliability and quality of only resources available online on Calcaneal fractures.

Methods: 70 websites were identified using the search term 'Calcaneus fractures'. Google, Yahoo! and Bing were the three major search engines used for the study. Read More

J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021 Aug 12;120:104568. Epub 2021 May 12.

INCUAPA-CONICET-UNICEN. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Avda. del Valle 5737, Olavarría, 7400, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Electronic address:

Calcaneus fractures are scarcely reported in archaeological assemblages worldwide. The main goal of this paper is to present a study case related to a calcaneus fracture and a set of bone lesions recorded in an adult individual dated in the Middle Holocene (ca. 6000-3000 years BP). Read More

Ann Transl Med 2021 Apr;9(8):695

Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.

Background: This study sought to assess and compare the clinical efficacy and complications of a modified sinus tarsi approach (MSTA) and the extensile lateral approach (ELA) in the treatment of displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures.

Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 108 patients (117 feet) with Sanders II-IV calcaneal fractures, including 52 patients (56 feet) in the MSTA group and 56 patients (61 feet) in the ELA group. The functional and radiological results of the affected feet were analysed retrospectively. Read More

Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2021 May 11. Epub 2021 May 11.

Foot and Ankle Unit, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, UK.

Introduction: Intramedullary locking devices (ILDs) have recently been advocated as a minimally invasive approach to manage displaced intraarticular calcaneal fractures (DIACFs), to minimise complications and improve outcomes. We reviewed clinical and biomechanical studies dealing with commercially available devices to identify their characteristics, efficacy and safety.

Methods: Following a PRISMA checklist, Medline, Scopus and EMBASE databases were searched to identify studies reporting the use of ILDs for treating DIACFs. Read More

J Orthop Trauma 2021 Mar 16. Epub 2021 Mar 16.

Study performed at Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, MetroHealth Medical Center. Affiliated with Case Western Reserve University.

Objectives: To report functional outcome scores after operative intra-articular calcaneus fracture and to determine risk factors associated with worse outcomes.

Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: Urban level 1 trauma center. Read More

J Orthop Trauma 2021 06;35(6):289-295

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH.

Objective: To analyze the correlation between surgical timing and outcomes for calcaneus fractures treated using a sinus tarsi approach (STA).

Setting: Single Level-1 trauma center.

Design: Retrospective. Read More

OTA Int 2018 Sep 13;1(2):e005. Epub 2020 Sep 13.

William Beaumont Army Medical Center, Department of Orthopaedics, N Piedras, El Paso, TX.

Objectives: To determine the optimal patient-oriented treatment between open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with or without primary subtalar arthrodesis (PSTA) for patients with displaced intraarticular calcaneus fractures (DIACFs, OTA 82-C3 and C4).

Design: Expected value decision analysis.

Setting: Academic military treatment facility. Read More

Foot Ankle Surg 2021 Apr 18. Epub 2021 Apr 18.

Department of Orthopaedics, Clinica del Remei, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Anatomy and Human Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Spain.

Background: Displaced intra-articular calcaneus fractures (DIACF) Sanders type IV represent a challenge in its management and questions remain about the best treatment option available. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of primary subtalar arthrodesis (PSTA) and osteosynthesis in these fractures.

Methods: Studies concerning DIACF Sanders type IV, from 2005 to 2020 were systematically reviewed. Read More

BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021 Apr 22;22(1):374. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

Imaging Unit 2, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.

Background: The calcaneus secundarius (CS) is an accessory ossicle of the anterior facet of the calcaneus and is usually asymptomatic. This accessory bone can be frequently mistaken for a fracture of the anterior process of the calcaneus. Few reports of symptomatic CS have been published, and physicians need to be familiar with imaging strategies when encountering chronic ankle pain or in case of suspicion of fracture of the anterior process of the calcaneus. Read More

Ann Palliat Med 2021 Mar;10(3):3154-3161

Department of Orthopedics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China.

Background: To analyze the epidemiology and features of calcaneus osteomyelitis following open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) after closed calcaneus fracture.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 127 cases who were diagnosed with calcaneal osteomyelitis following ORIF via the extended lateral "L-shaped" approach after closed calcaneus fracture between March 2016 and August 2019 in our hospital. We analyzed participant demographics including gender, age, body mass index (BMI), trauma mechanism, Sanders classification, co-morbidity, time between initial injury and surgery, operating time, soft tissue stripping tools, tourniquet pressure, bone grafting option, internal fixation option, presence of bleeding after tourniquet deflation, and drainage option. Read More

Foot Ankle Surg 2021 Mar 31. Epub 2021 Mar 31.

Department of Orthopaedics, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, China.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate patients who had open reduction, external fixation and bone cement implantation of open calcaneal fractures.

Methods: The records of 14 patients with open calcaneus fractures from January 2015 to January 2019 were reviewed retrospectively. Clinical evaluations consisting of AOFAS, MFS and EQ-5D VAS scores and radiological evaluations consisting of the height, width and length of the calcaneus as well as Bohler's and Gissane angle performed at 3 months, 1 year and the last follow-up postoperatively. Read More

Gait Posture 2021 May 26;86:278-286. Epub 2021 Mar 26.

Univ Lyon, Univ Gustave Eiffel, LBMC UMR_T9406, 43 Bd du 11 novembre 1918, F69622, Lyon, France; Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique et Traumatologique, 69495 Pierre-Bénite Cédex, France. Electronic address:

Background: Common etiologies for post-traumatic ankle osteoarthritis are ankle fractures and chronic ankle instability. As the nature of trauma is different for these two etiologies, it might be expected that the two subtypes of post-traumatic ankle osteoarthritis would display different foot mechanics during gait.

Research Question: The objective of this exploratory cross-sectional study was to compare the foot kinematics and kinetics of patients suffering from post-fracture ankle osteoarthritis with those of patients suffering from post-sprain ankle osteoarthritis. Read More

Int J Burns Trauma 2021 15;11(1):27-33. Epub 2021 Feb 15.

School of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah, Iran.

Background: Calcaneus fracture is one of the important fractures in orthopedic surgery. Here we aimed to investigate and compare the extensile approach and minimally invasive technique in patients with calcaneus fractures.

Methods: This is a randomized clinical trial that was performed in 2019 in Kashani and Alzahra hospitals in Isfahan, Iran. Read More

Cureus 2021 Mar 30;13(3):e14191. Epub 2021 Mar 30.

Orthopaedic Department, General Hospital of Ioannina "G. Chatzikosta", Ioannina, GRC.

Crush injuries of the foot and ankle are uncommon and they have a poor prognosis leading to some form of disability. Degloving injuries of the heel and foot after crush injuries are rare and very challenging to manage due to the need for reconstruction of both osseous and soft tissue architecture. We present a salvage strategy for an open injury to the foot with extensive soft tissue detachment from the plantar and dorsal surface. Read More

Medicina (Kaunas) 2021 Mar 8;57(3). Epub 2021 Mar 8.

Medical Imaging Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1082 Budapest, Hungary.

: Previous studies have demonstrated that risk of hip fracture is at least partly heritable. The aim of this study was to determine the magnitude of the genetic component of bone mineral density (BMD), using both X-ray and ultrasound assessment at multiple sites. 216 adult, healthy Hungarian twins (124 monozygotic, MZ, 92 dizygotic, DZ; mean age 54. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2021 Mar 4. Epub 2021 Mar 4.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Seoul, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address:

The objective of this study was to determine the anatomical relationship between the calcaneus and its neighboring bones. Furthermore we tested a prediction model that enables to estimate safe screw length during the surgery of calcaneus fractures. A total of 169 feet were used for the study based on CT scans. Read More

J Endocr Soc 2021 Apr 22;5(4):bvaa179. Epub 2020 Nov 22.

Deakin University, IMPACT - Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Geelong, VIC, Australia.

Objectives: Impact micro-indentation (IMI) measures bone material strength index (BMSi) in vivo. This study investigated how IMI is associated with calcaneal quantitative ultrasound and bone densitometry parameters in men.

Methods: BMSi was measured on the tibial plateau using the OsteoProbe in 377 men (age 33-96 years) from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study. Read More

Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2021 Mar;35(3):323-329

No.1 Department of Osteomyelitis, Luoyang Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital of Henan Province (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), Luoyang Henan, 471002, P.R.China.

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of simultaneous treatment of traumatic calcaneal osteomyelitis and defect deformity with near-arc bone transport by Ilizarov technique.

Methods: Between January 2014 and August 2020, 6 cases of traumatic calcaneal osteomyelitis with defect deformities were treated by simultaneous treatment of near-arc bone transport by Ilizarov technique. The patients were all male; aged from 40 to 61 years (mean, 49. Read More

J Clin Orthop Trauma 2021 Feb 20;13:156-162. Epub 2020 Nov 20.

Department of Anatomy, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.

Purpose: Displaced intraarticular fractures of the calcaneum often require plate fixation. The complex fractures are usually fixed with standard lateral plates and are approached via the extensile lateral approach which is fraught with the risk of wound complications. Oversized calcaneal plates produce tension on the wound closure site and can, thus result in wound healing problems. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2021 Feb;9(4):333

Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.

Background: Intra-articular calcaneal fracture remains challenging to manage. Computed tomography and fracture mapping are useful for the diagnosis and treatment of calcaneal fractures. The aim of the present study was to characterize calcaneal fracture patterns using fracture mapping. Read More