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Ter Arkh 2019 Dec 15;91(12):21-28. Epub 2019 Dec 15.

Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology.

Damage to periarticular soft tissues is a common pathology that causes severe pain and impaired function of the musculoskeletal system.

Aim: To determine the frequency, nature and clinical features of damage to periarticular soft tissues in real clinical practice, as well as the effectiveness of non - steroidal anti - inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the debut of treatment of this pathology.

Materials And Methods: During the observational study, the frequency of defeat of the periarticular soft tissues in the structure of visits to 68 outpatient orthopedic surgeons in different cities of Russia for 1 month was estimated. Read More

JFMS Open Rep 2020 Jan-Jun;6(1):2055116920909668. Epub 2020 Mar 13.

Langford Veterinary Services, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.

Case Summary: A 2-year-old female neutered domestic shorthair cat presented with an 18-month history of intermittent lameness on all four limbs. The cat was markedly lame on all four limbs. There was alternation between toe-walking on the forelimbs with a hunched posture and using the dorsal aspect of the carpi to walk on. Read More

Clin Exp Rheumatol 2020 Jan-Feb;38 Suppl 123(1):31-39. Epub 2020 Feb 11.

Rheumatology Unit, University of Messina, Italy.

Objectives: The primary aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of clinical and particularly ultrasonographic signs of enthesitis in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), fibromyalgia (FM), or both. The secondary aim was to assess the impact of FM on disease activity and clinimetric scores.

Methods: This single-centre, observational cross-sectional study involved 101 consenting patients: 39 with PsA (CASPAR criteria), 23 with FM (2016 criteria), and 39 with both. Read More

Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere 2019 Oct 21;47(5):316-325. Epub 2019 Oct 21.

Department of Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University Clinic for Ruminants, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna.

Two cows were referred to our clinic with moderate to severe hindlimb lameness due to infected wounds over the lateral and caudal aspect of tuber calcanei (TC) with regional swelling, consistent with septic subtendinous calcaneal bursitis. Ultrasonography (7.5 MHz linear probe) revealed fibrinous/fibrino-purulent inflammatory bursal effusions in both cows, complete rupture of the superficial digital flexor tendon and a small, circumscribed, irregular and rough bone contour of the TC in case 2. Read More

Foot Ankle Clin 2019 Sep 18;24(3):515-531. Epub 2019 May 18.

Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, North District Hospital, 9 Po Kin Road, Sheung Shui, NT, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.

Haglund syndrome is a triad of posterosuperior calcaneal prominence (Haglund deformity), retrocalcaneal bursitis, and insertional Achilles tendinopathy. The sources of pain include the posterior calcaneal wall cartilage, retrocalcaneal and subcutaneous adventitial bursa, and the Achilles tendon. Resection of the posterosuperior calcaneal tubercle, bursectomy, excision of the Achilles tendon pathology, reattachment of the Achilles tendon, gastrocnemius aponeurotic recession, and flexor hallucis longus transfer have been proposed as surgical treatment options. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2019 Sep 23;58(5):855-860. Epub 2019 Jul 23.

Attending, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Associate Professor, Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Posterior heel pain is a common complaint that is often caused by overuse injuries. In such cases, the retrocalcaneal bursa is compressed and chafed repeatedly, leading to local inflammation. Sonography is a popular imaging tool used to study the pathology of soft tissues, and it can be used to assist in diagnosing bursitis because of its accuracy. Read More

Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 2019 Apr;80(4):192-195

Consultant Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgeon, Department of Orthopaedics, East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Blackburn.

Heel pain is a common presentation in primary care and affects a wide range of the population but predominantly elderly, obese and athletic patients. History and clinical assessment are paramount in the management of this condition but the presentation can confound clinicians, necessitating the use of imaging to confirm or clarify the diagnosis when there is clinical uncertainty. This article illustrates the various conditions producing heel pain to help clinicians determine the appropriate imaging modality to image the common causes of heel pain. Read More

Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 2019 Apr;80(4):196-200

Consultant Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgeon, Department of Orthopaedics, East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Blackburn.

Heel pain presents frequently to primary care, commonly affecting athletic and elderly patients. Its presentation can be a common source of confusion for clinicians given the wide variety of differential diagnoses and the similarities in presenting symptoms and signs. This review classifies heel pain according to site of pain and explores the common pathologies clinicians may encounter. Read More

Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2019 Jul 21;139(7):903-906. Epub 2019 Jan 21.

Zentrum für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Marburg, Baldinger Straße, 35043, Marburg, Germany.

Introduction: Heel pain is one of the common reasons why patients consult orthopaedic surgeons in an outpatient setting. The dorsal heel pain is often caused by a Haglund's deformity which is an exostosis of the posterior superior calcaneus. It often leads to Haglund's syndrome with calcaneal bursitis and Achilles tendinosis. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2019 Mar 3;58(2):236-242. Epub 2019 Jan 3.

Director of Residency Training, Division of Foot and Ankle Surgery, West Penn Hospital, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA. Electronic address:

Calcific insertional Achilles tendinopathy (CIAT) is a relatively common musculoskeletal entity that results in significant pain and disability, as well as posterior muscle group weakness. There is a lack of evidence criteria to support the timing of operative intervention, choice of procedures, or whether equinus requires treatment. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively review 45 patients (48 feet) who have undergone surgical management of CIAT with concomitant posterior muscle group weakness with the single heel rise testing. Read More

Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2018 12 31;104(8):1215-1219. Epub 2018 Oct 31.

Sports Surgery Clinic, Santry, Dublin 9, Ireland.

Introduction: In Haglund syndrome, standard radiologic measurements lack specificity and reliability in assessing etiologic morphologic calcaneal abnormalities. We report a simple X/Y ratio to measure posterior calcaneal length, where X is calcaneal length on lateral weight-bearing view and Y is greater tuberosity length.

Objective: To compare this new parameter against the radiologic gold standard in a group of Haglund patients and a healthy control group. Read More

J Rheumatol 2019 04 15;46(4):384-390. Epub 2018 Oct 15.

From the Division of Rheumatology, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Women's College Hospital, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto; University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; MRC Biostatistics Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Division of Rheumatology, University of Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.

Objective: To assess the performance of various sonographic elemental entheseal lesions in distinguishing between psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and controls to inform the development of a novel sonographic enthesitis score for PsA.

Methods: A total of 100 age- and sex-matched individuals (50 PsA and 50 controls) were evaluated. Eleven entheseal sites were scanned bilaterally according to a standardized protocol by 2 sonographers. Read More

J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol 2018 Oct;62 Suppl 1:127

Department of Radiology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, New South Wales, Australia.

Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cech 2018 ;85(3):209-215

Klinika traumatologie Lékařské fakulty Masarykovy univerzity Brno.

INTRODUCTION The authors evaluate the results of endoscopic treatment and analyse the causes of persisting difficulties in retrocalcaneal bursitis unresponsive to conservative treatment. Stated as one of the causes is the possible chronic irritation of minor/partial tears of anterior parts of the distal portion of the Achilles tendon, which have no chance to heal due to continued overload and impingement syndrome of the superior prominence of the calcaneal tubercle. MATERIAL AND METHODS The authors evaluate the group of 24 patients (10 women and 14 men) diagnosed with retrocalcaneal bursitis, who reported more than 12 months of difficulties and in whom the conservative therapy options have already been exhausted. Read More

Radiat Oncol 2018 Apr 19;13(1):71. Epub 2018 Apr 19.

Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.

Background: The aim of this prospective clinical quality assessment was to evaluate the short-term and long-term efficacy of low dose radiotherapy (RT) for calcaneodynia, achillodynia, painful gonarthrosis, painful bursitis trochanterica, and painful shoulder syndrome.

Methods: Between October 2011 and October 2013, patients with calcaneodynia, achillodynia, painful gonarthrosis, painful bursitis trochanterica, and painful shoulder syndrome were recruited for this prospective clinical quality assessment. Single doses of 0. Read More

J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2018 ;31(4):749-758

Background: Most lesions of the soft tissues, especially those at the muscle level, are due to the lack of elasticity of the connective tissue and fascia. Stretching is one of the most commonly used methods of treatment for such musculoskeletal issues.

Objective: This study tracks the effects of stretching on the electromyographic activity of muscle chains, applied to a 24-year-old athlete diagnosed with the Haglund's disease. Read More

Foot Ankle Surg 2018 Dec 12;24(6):490-494. Epub 2017 Jun 12.

Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Anatomy Section, Umeå University, S-901 87 Umeå, Sweden; Dr Alfen, Orthopedic Spine Center, 97080 Würzburg, Germany. Electronic address:

Background: Non-invasive treatment is not always successful in patients with Achilles tendon disorders, and surgical treatment is instituted as the next step. There is sparse knowledge about the diagnoses, pain levels before surgery, surgically confirmed pathologies and postoperative complications in large patient groups.

Aims: To study the diagnoses, pain scores before surgery, macroscopic surgical findings and postoperative complications in a series of patients treated for Achilles disorders. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2018 May - Jun;57(3):587-592. Epub 2018 Jan 5.

Professor, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

We report the first case of distal posterior tibial nerve injury after arthroscopic calcaneoplasty. A 59-year-old male had undergone right arthroscopic calcaneoplasty to treat retrocalcaneal bursitis secondary to a Haglund's deformity. The patient complained of numbness in his right foot immediately after the procedure. Read More

Unfallchirurg 2017 Dec;120(12):1044-1053

Klinik für Allgemeine, Unfall‑, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Nußbaumstr. 20, 80336, München, Deutschland.

Achilles tendinopathy at the calcaneal insertion is classified into insertional tendinopathy, retrocalcaneal and superficial bursitis. The aim of this study was to present the current evidence on conservative and surgical treatment of insertional tendinopathy of the Achilles tendon. Conservative first-line therapy includes reduction of activity levels, administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), adaptation of footwear, heel wedges and orthoses or immobilization. Read More

Foot (Edinb) 2017 Aug 7;32:49-52. Epub 2017 Sep 7.

Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, United States. Electronic address:

The retro-calcaneal bursa presents a synovial and a non-synovial osseous part of variable dimensions. Studies objectively measuring the variability of the size of this osseous bursal surface cannot be found in literature. The objective of this study was to investigate (i) the dimension variability of the bony part of the bursa and (ii) the relationship of this surface to other articulating areas of the calcaneus. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2017 Nov - Dec;56(6):1132-1138. Epub 2017 Aug 12.

Associate Professor and Senior Consultant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.

We evaluated the surgical outcomes of Haglund's triad using a central tendon-splitting approach, with Achilles tendon partial detachment and debridement, excision of the retrocalcaneal bursa, resection of Haglund's prominence, and reattachment of the Achilles tendon. The medical records of 22 patients (22 heels) who had undergone surgical correction of Haglund's triad from January 2010 to December 2015 were reviewed retrospectively. The visual analog scale pain score, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle-Hindfoot scale score, and 36-item Short-Form Health Survey physical and mental component scores were prospectively collected preoperatively, 6 months postoperatively, and at the last visit. Read More

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017 May 29;47(5):359-366. Epub 2017 Mar 29.

Study Design Resident's case problem. Background Although rare in the general population, bone and soft tissue tumors may be more frequently encountered in patients seeking physical therapy because of the propensity of their initial symptoms to mimic those of commonly treated musculoskeletal disorders. Screening for tumors requires the physical therapist to be attentive to unexpected findings. Read More

Am Fam Physician 2017 Feb;95(4):224-231

University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.

Superficial bursitis most often occurs in the olecranon and prepatellar bursae. Less common locations are the superficial infrapatellar and subcutaneous (superficial) calcaneal bursae. Chronic microtrauma (e. Read More

Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017 07 18;98(4):958-963. Epub 2016 Dec 18.

Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Private Practice for Radiotherapy RheinMainNahe, Bad Kreuznach, Germany.

Purpose: To prospectively evaluate the short-term and long-term efficacy of low-dose radiation therapy (RT) for calcaneodynia, achillodynia, painful gonarthrosis, and painful bursitis trochanterica in elderly patients aged ≥70 years.

Methods And Materials: Between October 2011 and October 2013, patients aged ≥70 years with painful degenerative disorders of joints were recruited for a prospective trial. Single doses of 0. Read More

Foot Ankle Int 2017 Apr 5;38(4):381-387. Epub 2016 Dec 5.

1 1st Orthopaedic Department, 424 Military General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Hellas.

Background: Insertional Achilles tendinopathy and retrocalcaneal bursitis is difficult to treat, and several operative techniques have been used after failure of conservative management. Dorsal wedge calcaneal osteotomy has been described for the treatment of insertional Achilles pathology. It was hypothesized that dorsal wedge calcaneal osteotomy would be an effective and safe method for the treatment of athletes with insertional Achilles pathology unrelieved by nonoperative measures. Read More

Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2017 Feb;25(1):79-93

Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Electronic address:

Heel pain is common and due to a variety of osseous and soft tissue disorders. Causes of heel pain can be classified by the anatomic structure in which they arise and include disorders of the (1) Achilles tendon, (2) plantar fascia, (3) calcaneus, (4) bursae, (5) nerves in the hindfoot, (6) and heel pad. Although careful history taking and physical examination are important, imaging plays a vital role in the diagnosis and management of heel pain. Read More

J Orthop Case Rep 2016 Apr-Jun;6(2):16-19

Department of Orthopedics, V.M Medical College and safdarjung hospital, New Delhi. India.

Introduction: Osteochondroma is the most common benign tumour of the bone and is considered as developmental lesion of the bone. Common site of osteochondroma presentation is around the knee but calcaneal osteochondroma as such is a rare entity. Osteochondromas grow during childhood through adolescence, but usually the growth of osteochondroma ends when the epiphyseal plates close. Read More

Foot Ankle Clin 2016 Sep;21(3):641-64

Cardiff Regional Foot & Ankle Surgery Unit, Department of Trauma & Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital Llandough & University Hospital Wales, Cardiff & Vale University Health Board, Penlan Road, Llandough, Wales, CF64 2XX, UK.

Haglund's syndrome encompasses several different pathologies, including Haglund's deformity, insertional Achilles tendonopathy, retrocalcaneal bursitis, and superficial bursitis. Traditionally treated with open surgery, there is increasing interest in a more minimally invasive approach to this difficult region to reduce complications and improve the rate and ease of recovery. We review the evidence available for 2 of these techniques: the endoscopic calcaneoplasty and percutaneous Zadek's calcaneal osteotomy (also known as Keck and Kelly's osteotomy). Read More

Practitioner 2016 May;260(1793):30-2, 3

The most common cause of adolescent heel pain is calcaneal apophysitis also known as Sever's disease. The condition may occur in adolescent athletes, particularly those involved in running or jumping activities, during the pubertal growth spurt. The mean age of presentation in Sever's disease is ten, (range 7-15). Read More

Muscles Ligaments Tendons J 2016 Jan-Mar;6(1):111-5. Epub 2016 May 19.

Hospital Neo, Turku, Finland.

Background: the origin of chronic Achilles tendinopathy (AT) is currently unclear and epidemiological factors, such as ethnicity, may be associated.

Methods: intraoperative findings from the treatment of 865 Finnish and 156 Italian athletic patients with chronic Achilles tendon related pain were evaluated, retrospectively. The mean age was 34 years (range, 18 to 65 years) in the Finnish and 29 years (range, 17-63 years) in the Italian patients. Read More

Rheumatol Int 2016 Jun 19;36(6):875-80. Epub 2016 Feb 19.

Department of Clinical Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 014, India.

Ultrasound (US)-guided corticosteroid injection has been shown to be safe and effective for varied causes of plantar fasciitis; however, its use for Achilles tendinitis is controversial. We studied the efficacy and changes in US findings at Achilles enthesitis after corticosteroid injection in patients with spondyloarthropathy (SpA). Patients with SpA with symptomatic Achilles enthesitis, refractory to 6 weeks of full-dose NSAIDs, were offered US-guided local corticosteroid injection. Read More

Reumatol Clin 2017 Jan - Feb;13(1):37-38. Epub 2016 Feb 8.

Servicio de Rehabilitación, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España.

Haglund's syndrome produces posterior impingement of the heel, which is caused by a posterosuperior calcaneal exostosis, known as Haglund's deformity, associated with Achilles tendinitis and retrocalcaneal bursitis. Its pathogenesis is unknown. We report two cases that were diagnosed clinically and confirmed radiographically. Read More

Orthop J Sports Med 2015 Jul 28;3(7):2325967115596517. Epub 2015 Jul 28.

Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA.

Background: Most ice figure skaters train and compete with ongoing issues in the lower extremities, which are often overlooked by the skaters and considered injuries only when they prevent the athletes from skating. Although not severe, these conditions impair the quality of daily training and compromise the skaters' state of mind and performances.

Purpose: (1) To determine the point prevalence of the ongoing lower extremity overuse conditions in a population of ice figure skaters of all ages and levels and (2) to identify the risk factors contributing to the development of the most common ongoing conditions. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2015 Nov-Dec;54(6):1053-6. Epub 2015 Jul 29.

Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea. Electronic address:

Haglund syndrome is characterized by chronic posterior heel pain associated with a posterosuperior calcaneal prominence. We assessed the clinical and radiologic outcomes after operative treatment of Haglund syndrome using the central tendon-splitting approach. Fifteen feet in 15 patients were investigated retrospectively after surgery. Read More

Malays Orthop J 2015 Mar;9(1):1-3

Department Of Orthopaedics, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Thandalam, Kancheepuram district, Tamilnadu, India.

The aim of this study was to analyse the outcome of surgical Haglund deformity is a prominence in the postero superolateral aspect of the calcaneum. Haglund deformity is a prominence in the postero superolateral aspect of the calcaneum, causing a painful bursitis, which may be difficult to treat by non-operative measures alone. Various surgical methods are available for effective treatment of refractory Haglund's deformity. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2015 Mar-Apr;54(2):214-9. Epub 2015 Jan 22.

Fellowship Director, Advanced Foot and Ankle Surgical Fellowship, Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Center, Westerville, OH. Electronic address:

Detachment with reattachment of the Achilles tendon is a common surgery for debridement of retrocalcaneal exostosis, bursitis, and other insertional pathologic entities. The technique involves a midline skin incision on the posterior Achilles to the tendon. The distal Achilles attachment is removed in a U-shaped manner, leaving the medial and lateral flares, but exposing the posterior spur. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2015 May-Jun;54(3):338-40. Epub 2014 Aug 30.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Joint Research, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Haglund's deformity is a symptomatic posterosuperior deformity of the heel. The lateral radiograph of the ankle will show a prominent, large, posterosuperior part of the calcaneus, which can be measured using the Fowler and Philips angle (FPA, the angle between the posterior and plantar surface of the calcaneus) and the calcaneal pitch angle (CPA, the angle between the sole of the foot and the plantar part of the calcaneus). Although these angles are commonly used, these radiographic angle measurements have never shown a relationship with Haglund's deformity. Read More

Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2014 Aug 17;134(8):1073-81. Epub 2014 Jun 17.

Institute for Sports Medicine Frankfurt am Main , Otto-Fleck-Schneise 10, 60528, Frankfurt/Main, Germany,

Background: The results of operative treatment for recalcitrant midportion Achilles tendinopathy and recalcitrant retrocalcaneal bursitis were evaluated using the patient administered, disease specific, and validated VISA-A-G questionnaire.

Methods: A cohort of 89 patients was prospectively followed. These patients underwent operations for sport induced midportion Achilles tendinopathy (39 procedures) or retrocalcaneal bursitis (55 procedures). Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2014 Sep-Oct;53(5):638-42. Epub 2014 May 27.

Residency Director, West Houston Medical Center, Houston, TX.

Intraosseous lipomas are one of the rarest bone tumors found in the body. The incidence has been reported to be <0.1% of all primary bone tumors. Read More

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2015 Aug 1;23(8):2400-2405. Epub 2014 Mar 1.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, PO Box 22700, 1100 DE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Purpose: To evaluate whether the imaging features of the retrocalcaneal recess normalize on a conventional radiograph after surgery for retrocalcaneal bursitis and evaluate whether it can be reused if complaints reoccur.

Methods: Patients who underwent an endoscopic calcaneoplasty at least 2 years before were eligible for inclusion. A lateral conventional radiograph of the surgically treated hindfoot was made to assess the retrocalcaneal recess and pre-Achilles fat pad; images were analysed, clinical complaints were registered and evaluated. Read More

Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2014 Mar 9;29(3):283-8. Epub 2013 Dec 9.

Institute for Sports Medicine, Otto-Fleck-Schneise 10, D-60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

Background: We questioned whether different forms of Achilles tendon overuse injuries can be differentiated by retrocalcaneal bursa pressure measurement.

Methods: Retrocalcaneal bursa pressure was determined by using invasive pressure measurement in patients suffering from retrocalcaneal bursitis (n=13) or Achilles tendinopathy (n=15), respectively. Standardized measurements were taken with the subject lying prone. Read More

Musculoskelet Surg 2014 Aug 13;98(2):121-6. Epub 2013 Nov 13.

High Performance Center (CAR de Sant Cugat Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa), Barcelona, Spain.

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to explain the cause-effect relationship in three patients who reported combined ruptures of the Achilles tendon and the gastrosoleus complex 6 months after they had received corticosteroids injections for the management of retrocalcaneal bursitis.

Methods: Three cryopreserved cadavers (three men, three left legs) were examined to assess the anatomic connection between the retrocalcaneal bursa and the Achilles tendon (distal and anterior fibers). Blue triptan medium contrast was injected. Read More

Chin Med J (Engl) 2013 Oct;126(20):3860-4

Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China.

Background: Surgical treatment of insertional Achilles tendinopathy should be considered when a variety of conservative measures fail. To achieve a satisfactory outcome, thorough debridement of the Achilles tendon is critical, besides excision of the bursitis and the calcaneal exostosis. Central tendon-splitting provides straightforward access to the calcified or degenerative tissue within the Achilles tendon. Read More

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2014 Sep 26;22(9):2250-3. Epub 2013 Sep 26.

University Hospital for Orthopaedic Surgery Lovran, Marsala Tita 1, 51415, Lovran, Croatia,

Purpose: The endoscopic technique for resection of a postero-superior part of calcaneus served as a golden standard during the last 10 years, and it has mostly replaced the open techniques. In an effort to reduce the morbidity and the recovery time, we had introduced the ultrasound-assisted technique.

Methods: In the period of 1 year, 15 patients with the prominent postero-superior part of calcaneus and retrocalcaneal bursitis were operated through the single skin incision using the ultrasound-assisted technique. Read More

Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 2013 ;47(4):261-5

Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of the endoscopic calcaneoplasty technique for the treatment of retrocalcaneal bursitis and Haglund's disease.

Methods: This study included 30 feet of 28 patients who underwent endoscopic surgery for Haglund's disease between 2003 and 2011. The inflamed bursa and posterosuperior surface of the calcaneus were removed with a shaver and bone resection performed until there was no friction on the Achilles tendon with the ankle in dorsiflexion. Read More

Zhongguo Gu Shang 2013 May;26(5):391-4

Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China.

Objective: To evaluate therapy effect of radiofrequency in the treatment of painful heel syndrome under arthroscopy.

Methods: From January 2006 to December 2011, 13 patients with painful heel syndrome being admitted into our hospital were studied. There were 5 males and 8 femals, ranging in age from 35 to 68 years. Read More

Arthrosc Tech 2013 May 18;2(2):e135-9. Epub 2013 Apr 18.

Department of Orthopaedics, Fukui General Hospital, Fukui, Japan.

We report the successful arthroscopic treatment of a case of subcalcaneal bursitis with plantar fasciitis. To our knowledge, this is the first report on arthroscopic excision of a subcalcaneal bursa. Right heel pain developed in a 50-year-old woman, without any obvious cause. Read More

Foot Ankle Spec 2013 Aug 27;6(4):323-7. Epub 2013 Jun 27.

Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, North District Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Unlabelled: Pain in the posterosuperior portion of the calcaneus can be caused by a retrocalcaneal bursitis, enlargement of the superior bursal prominence of the calcaneus, insertional Achilles tendinopathy, stress fracture of the calcaneus, or inflammation of an adventitious bursa between the Achilles tendon and the skin. Hypertrophied tendon impinging on the posterosuperior calcaneal tuberosity can be a cause of retrocalcaneal pain after repair of acute rupture of the Achilles tendon. This can be effectively treated by endoscopic calcaneoplasty. Read More

Am J Sports Med 2013 Jul 3;41(7):1642-8. Epub 2013 May 3.

Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Trauma Center Murnau, Murnau, Germany.

Background: Because of intratendinous ossifications, retrocalcaneal bursitis, or intratendinous necrosis commonly found in insertional tendinosis, it is often necessary to detach the tendon partially or entirely from its tendon-to-bone junction.

Hypothesis: Double-row repair for insertional Achilles tendinopathy will generate an increased contact area and demonstrate higher biomechanical stability.

Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Read More