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SAGE Open Med Case Rep 2019 8;7:2050313X19842697. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Department of Internal Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India.

Budd-Chiari syndrome is characterized by hepatic venous outflow tract obstruction. We describe an 18-year-old female of known celiac disease presented with progressive abdomen distention and shortness of breath for the last 1 month. Computed tomography of abdomen revealed hepatic vein obstruction. Read More

Korean J Radiol 2019 May;20(5):773-780

Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.

Objective: To assess segmental liver stiffness (LS) with MRI before and after endovascular intervention in patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS).

Materials And Methods: Twenty-three patients (13 males and 10 females; mean age, 42.6 ± 12. Read More

Reg Anesth Pain Med 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Department of Anesthesiology - Division of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA.

Objective: Pediatric liver transplantation presents a number of anesthetic challenges, especially in providing adequate perioperative analgesia. In an effort to reduce opioid consumption and improve functional outcomes following pediatric liver transplantation, we have instituted a novel analgesia protocol centered on the provision of continuous regional analgesia with erector spinae plane (ESP) blockade.

Cases: We describe preincisional bilateral ESP catheter placement in two pediatric patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation. Read More

Liver Int 2019 Apr 8. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA.

Aim: To evaluate individualized treatment strategy (ITS) and long-term outcomes of endovascular treatment of Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) with obstructed inferior vena cava (IVC) based on different degrees of hepatic vein (HV) involvement.

Methods: From January 2006 to June 2017, 456 consecutive patients with BCS with obstructed IVC underwent endovascular treatment with ITS. All patients received IVC recanalization. Read More

J Obstet Gynaecol India 2019 Apr 12;69(Suppl 1):17-19. Epub 2018 Jun 12.

Vikram Hospital, Millers Road, Bengaluru, 560052 India.

Hepatol Res 2019 Apr 3. Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Department of Public Health, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan.

Aim: Idiopathic portal hypertension (IPH), extrahepatic portal obstruction (EHO), and Budd Chiari syndrome (BCS) are characterized by aberrant portal hemodynamics of unknown etiology. The aim of this study was to explore trends in the descriptive epidemiology of these diseases through periodical nationwide surveys.

Methods: Nationwide epidemiologic surveys were conducted in 1999, 2005, and 2015 using the same protocol. Read More

Dig Liver Dis 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Radiology Unit, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS-ISMETT), Palermo, Italy.

Intractable Rare Dis Res 2019 02;8(1):60-66

Venous Thromboembolism Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.

Behçet's Disease (BD) is a rare, chronic and recurrent inflammatory multisystemic condition of unknown origin that can affect any tissue. The vascular system is involved in 5-40% of cases of BD, including venous and arterial beds and it has a relapsing course. Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a rare complication of BD with a frequency of < 5% among patients with vascular involvement and is more frequent in men (89. Read More

Liver Int 2019 Mar 6. Epub 2019 Mar 6.

Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy.

In 1845, George Budd published a brief report regarding three patients who developed an obstruction of the hepatic veins. The condition has never been reported before, and was related to sepsis and alcoholism. Fifty-three years later, Hans Chiari postulated that syphilis was causing the obstruction of the hepatic veins, and enriched the debate with clinical and pathological correlations. Read More

Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2019 Apr 3;49(7):840-863. Epub 2019 Mar 3.

Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.

Background: Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a rare but fatal disease caused by obstruction in the hepatic venous outflow tract.

Aim: To provide an update of the pathophysiology, aetiology, diagnosis, management and follow-up of BCS.

Methods: Analysis of recent literature by using Medline, PubMed and EMBASE databases. Read More

Acad Radiol 2019 Apr 26;26(4):467-468. Epub 2019 Feb 26.

Department of Radiology, Division of Abdominal Imaging, University of Michigan Health System, Room UH B1-D502, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, MI 48109. Electronic address:

J Hepatol 2019 Feb 26. Epub 2019 Feb 26.

Barcelona Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERehd, European Reference Network for Rare Vascular Liver Diseases. Universitat de Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address:

Budd-Chiari Syndrome (BCS) and non-cirrhotic non-tumoral portal vein thrombosis (NCPVT) are two rare disorders, with several similarities that are categorized under the term splanchnic vein thrombosis. Both disorders are frequently associated with an underlying pro-thrombotic disorder. They can cause severe portal hypertension and usually affect oung patients, negatively influencing life expectancy when the diagnosis and treatment is not done at an early stage. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2019 Feb 25;13(1):43. Epub 2019 Feb 25.

Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), Via Emerico Amari, 123, 90139, Palermo, Italy.

Introduction: Hepatic abscess can be defined as an encapsulated collection of suppurative material within the liver parenchyma. Hepatic abscess can be distinguished as pyogenic, amebic, or fungal. Biliary tract disease remains the most common cause of hepatic abscess today, and the most common complications range from pleural effusion, empyema, and bronchohepatic fistula to subphrenic abscess and rupture into the peritoneal cavity, stomach, colon, vena cava, or kidney. Read More

Exp Ther Med 2019 Mar 24;17(3):1737-1741. Epub 2018 Dec 24.

Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China.

Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a rare but severe venous form of Behcet's disease (BD) that is caused by the obstruction of the venous outflow tract that transports blood from hepatic veins into the inferior vena cava. In countries where BD is prevalent, including the Middle East and Far East, BCS awareness is important. In the present study, two cases of BCS are presented in two male Chinese patients with BD. Read More

J Clin Exp Hepatol 2019 Jan-Feb;9(1):56-61. Epub 2018 Mar 1.

Consultant, Department of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore.

Background: There has been significant improvement in understanding the etiology and management of Budd-Chiari Syndrome (BCS). Patients with chronic or acute-on-chronic BCS need radiological interventions in the form of angioplasty, hepatic vein/inferior vena cava stenting or Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS). Data regarding the long term follow up of patients undergoing TIPS is limited. Read More

Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019 2;2019:1673197. Epub 2019 Jan 2.

Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Italy.

Aims: Budd-Chiari Syndrome (BCS) is a rare vascular disease of the liver caused by the obstruction of the hepatic venous outflow located from the small hepatic venules up to the entrance of the inferior vena cava (IVC) into the right atrium. Current prognostic indexes are suboptimal for an individual prognostic assessment and subsequent management of patients with BCS. Liver (LSM) and spleen (SSM) stiffness measurements are widely validated prognostic tools in hepatology, but the evidence in patients with BCS is limited. Read More

J Vasc Interv Radiol 2019 02;30(2):170-177

Department of Interventional Therapy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Institute of Interventional Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. Electronic address:

Purpose: To evaluate effect of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) creation on pulmonary gas exchange in patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS).

Materials And Methods: All patients with cirrhosis or Budd-Chiari syndrome undergoing elective TIPS creation at a single institution between June 2014 and June 2015 were eligible for inclusion. Twenty-three patients with HPS (age 55. Read More

World J Clin Cases 2019 Jan;7(2):130-136

Liver Cirrhosis Study Group, Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning Province, China.

Background: Collagen proportionate area (CPA) is an important index for assessing the severity of liver fibrosis. Budd-Chiari syndrome can frequently progress to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. CPA might play an important role in the pathological progress of Budd-Chiari syndrome. Read More

Gut 2019 Jan 30. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Jan;98(4):e14224

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.

Rationale: Diabetic foot ulcer is a severe complication of diabetes, and most patients with diabetic foot ulcer require amputation. The incidence of Budd-Chiari syndrome is low; it is relatively rare. Diabetic foot ulcer combined with Budd-Chiari syndrome has not been reported so far. Read More

Ann Surg 2019 Apr;269(4):e46

Transplantation and Visceral Surgery Units, University Hospitals of Geneva and Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale e Università della Svizzera Italiana, Ticino, Switzerland Visceral Surgery and Transplantation Units, University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland Transplantation and Visceral Surgery Units, University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland.

J Hepatol 2019 Jan 14. Epub 2019 Jan 14.

Department of Radiology, APHP, University Hospitals Paris Nord Val de Seine, Beaujon, Clichy, France; University Paris Diderot. Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; INSERM U1149, CRI, Paris, France. Electronic address:

Background & Aims: It remains unclear whether the classic imaging criteria for the non-invasive diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can be applied to chronic vascular liver diseases, such as Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS). Herein, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of washout for the discrimination between benign and malignant lesions in patients with BCS.

Methods: This retrospective study included all patients admitted to our institution with a diagnosis of BCS and focal lesions on MRI from 2000 to 2016. Read More

Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech 2019 Jan 8. Epub 2019 Jan 8.

Department of Interventional Vascular Surgery, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou.

Purpose: To assess the safety and clinical effectiveness of catheter aspiration with recanalization in patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) and inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombosis.

Materials And Methods: Between January 2010 and December 2017, 33 patients with BCS and IVC thrombosis were treated by catheter aspiration with IVC recanalization in our center. A 12 F angled-tip guiding catheter was used for the aspiration of thrombi in the IVC. Read More

World J Gastrointest Surg 2018 Dec;10(9):107-110

Department of Visceral Surgery, Toulouse-Rangueil University Hospital, 31059 Toulouse Cedex 9, France.

Background: Pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD)-induced morbidity, consisting mainly of the pancreatic fistula and its hemorrhagic and infectious consequences, is well described in the literature, in terms of its definition, risk factors, preventive measures, and standardized management of complications. However, some life-threatening complications remain atypical and undescribed.

Case Summary: We report here the case of a 69-year-old patient with Budd-Chiari syndrome that occurred after arterial embolization of postpancreatectomy hemorrhage. Read More

Hepatol Int 2019 Mar 8;13(2):214-221. Epub 2019 Jan 8.

Department of Gastroenterology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, 400012, India.

Introduction: Anticoagulation is universally recommended in Budd-Chiari syndrome [BCS]. Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex 1 (VKORC1) and CYP2C9 are involved in the metabolism of warfarin. The present study was done to assess whether these mutations are associated with the risk of bleeding in patients with BCS receiving warfarin. Read More

Ann Hepatol 2018 Dec;18(1):246-249

Department of Intervention, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.

Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by hepatic venous outflow obstruction. Abernethy malformation is a congenital vascular malformation defined by diversion of portal blood away from the liver. Both conditions are rare vascular diseases. Read More

Exp Ther Med 2018 Dec 9;16(6):5227-5235. Epub 2018 Oct 9.

Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China.

Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a rare clinical syndrome caused by the obstruction of hepatic venous outflow. In theory, hepatic congestion and hypoxia induce pathological damage and changes in the liver. However, at present, laboratory evidence supporting this theory is lacking. Read More

Exp Ther Med 2018 Dec 19;16(6):4873-4878. Epub 2018 Sep 19.

Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China.

In recent years, the role of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in the diagnosis of Budd-Chiari Syndrome (BCS) has been the focus of various clinical studies. The purpose of the present study was to perform a meta-analysis of the diagnostic performance of MRA in patients with BCS by using digital subtraction angiography as a reference method. The search strategy for relevant research articles was based on the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews, and literature databases (including PubMed, Medline and China National Knowledge Infrastructure) and reference lists of retrieved studies published from 2000 to 2016 were searched. Read More

Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Department of Gastroenterology, Northern Theater Command General Hospital (formerly General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area), Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110840, PR China. Electronic address:

Background And Aims: The global epidemiological data of Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) are scant. A systemic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the incidence and prevalence of BCS.

Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched. Read More

Eur Radiol 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Department of Interventional Therapy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China.

Objectives: To evaluate the changes in arterial oxygenation after portal decompression in Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS).

Methods: From June 2014 to June 2015, all patients with BCS who underwent balloon angioplasty or transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) creation at our institution were eligible for inclusion in this study. Arterial blood gas analysis was performed with the patient in an upright position and breathing room air at 2-3 days and 1 and 3 months after the procedure. Read More

Ann Vasc Surg 2018 Nov 27. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China.

A case with an extremely rare intravenous cystic lesion in the suprahepatic inferior vena cava was reported, which originated from the lymphatic system and had induced Budd-Chiari syndrome. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a benign cystic lesion originating from the wall of a suprahepatic inferior vena cava which results in Budd-Chiari syndrome. Read More

Intern Emerg Med 2018 Nov 29. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy.

Behçet's syndrome (BS) is a complex vasculitis, characterised by peculiar histological, pathogenetic and clinical features. Superficial venous thrombosis (SVT) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT) are the most frequent vascular involvements, affecting altogether 15-40% of BS patients. Atypical thrombosis is also an important clinical feature of BS, involving the vascular districts of the inferior and superior vena cava, suprahepatic veins with Budd-Chiari syndrome, portal vein, cerebral sinuses and right ventricle. Read More

Mymensingh Med J 2018 Oct;27(4):883-887

Dr Abed Hussain Khan, Assistant Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) is characterized by arterial, venous or small vessel thromboses and/or pregnancy morbidity in the presence of persistently elevated titers of antiphospholipid antibodies. Since virtually any organ can be involved, the clinical presentation of APS is very varied. Abdominal manifestations are rare but may be life-threatening, and include Budd-Chiari Syndrome. Read More

Rev Med Liege 2018 Nov;73(11):557-561

Service d'hépatologie, CHU de Liège, Belgique.

Rarely encountered in the Western countries, membranous occlusion of the inferior vena cava results from a fibrous thickening of the intima and is commonly located at the orifices of the hepatic veins. To date, two etiopathogenic hypotheses have been formulated: the first, dealing with the embryological aspect, the second, arguing for a thrombotic origin. Nevertheless, several studies are still underway to understand the exact physiopathological mechanism of this obstruction. Read More

Indian Pediatr 2018 Oct;55(10):871-873

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Lilavati Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Objective: To study the diagnostic methods and treatment outcomes in children with Budd- Chiari syndrome.

Methods: Case records of 25 patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome were evaluated retrospectively. These patients were investigated with imaging techniques and underwent balloon angioplasty or surgical management. Read More

Indian Pediatr 2018 10;55(10):857-858

Department of General and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Florida, USA.

J Transl Int Med 2018 Sep 9;6(3):97-104. Epub 2018 Oct 9.

Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK.

Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a rare but fatal disease caused by the obstruction in hepatic venous outflow tract (usually by thrombosis) and is further classified into two subtypes depending on the level of obstruction. Patients with BCS often have a combination of prothrombotic risk factors. Clinical presentation is diverse. Read More

J Visc Surg 2018 Dec 9;155(6):513-515. Epub 2018 Nov 9.

Department of HPB Surgery and Liver Transplant, Beaujon Hospital, Clichy, Université Paris VII Diderot, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 100, boulevard du Général Leclerc, 92110 Clichy, Paris, France.

Asymptomatic right diaphragmatic rupture with liver and gallbladder herniation and secondary Budd-Chiari syndrome is a rare complication of abdominal trauma. In this setting, the management of gallbladder stones remains poorly described and may require a thoracic approach. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Oct;97(43):e12944

Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University.

This study aimed to evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of percutaneous transhepatic balloon angioplasty (PTBA) and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunt (TIPSS) in the treatment of Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) with hepatic veins involvement. Between June 2008 and August 2016, a total of 60 BCS patients with hepatic vein involvement in our department were enrolled in this study. Thirty-three cases underwent hepatic vein balloon angioplasty in PTBA Group and 27 cases underwent TIPSS. Read More

Exp Ther Med 2018 Nov 7;16(5):4141-4149. Epub 2018 Sep 7.

Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China.

To date, interventional therapy for patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) due to hepatic vein obstruction (HVO) has not been standardized in China. In Western countries, BCS primarily occurs due to thrombosis and the majority of patients receive thrombolysis. In China, BCS is mostly caused by the membranous occlusion of the HV or IVC. Read More

Transplant Proc 2018 Nov 12;50(9):2715-2717. Epub 2018 Apr 12.

Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Liver Transplantation Program, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Medical Center, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Background: Our aim in this study was to evaluate long-term efficiency of hepatic venous balloon angioplasty (BA) and stent placement (SP) for hepatic venous outflow obstruction (HVOO) in pediatric liver transplantation (LT).

Methods: From January 1999 to September 2016, 262 pediatric patients underwent LT at our hospital. Ten were diagnosed with HVOO, which included 8 living donor grafts and 2 split liver grafts. Read More

Exp Clin Transplant 2018 Nov 6. Epub 2018 Nov 6.

From the Department of Radiology, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.

Objectives: Computed tomography liver volumetry has been widely used to detect total and segmental liver volume in living-donor liver transplantation. However, use of this technique to evaluate the cirrhotic liver remains unclear. In this study, we evaluated the accuracy of freehand computed tomography volumetry to assess total liver volume by comparing weights of total hepatectomy specimens in patients with cirrhosis. Read More

Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018 11;3(11):812

Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Transplant Unit, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2019 Jan 16;7(1):74-81. Epub 2018 Oct 16.

Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China. Electronic address:

Objective: Therapies for Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) can be divided into three main categories: medical, endovascular, and surgical. Surgery is applicable to the disease when other therapeutic options have failed. We introduce a surgical method of recanalization through exposure of the entire hepatic inferior vena cava (IVC) and hepatic vein (HV) outflow tract for BCS and investigate the long-term outcomes. Read More

Pediatr Transplant 2018 12 19;22(8):e13310. Epub 2018 Oct 19.

Pediatric Transplantation, Seattle Children's Hospital and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.

Objective: To investigate Doppler US and catheter venogram correlates to improve detection of transplant HVOO and avoid unnecessary invasive imaging procedures.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review was performed in all pediatric OLT patients undergoing catheter venography of the hepatic veins between 2007 and 2017 at a single large tertiary pediatric liver transplant institution.

Results: Forty-four transplant hepatic venograms in 32 OLT patients were included (mean 1. Read More

PLoS One 2018 18;13(10):e0204797. Epub 2018 Oct 18.

Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.

Objective: To assess the quality and diagnostic accuracy of monochromatic images combined with adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR) performed via spectral computed tomography (CT) in patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS).

Methods: Sixty-two patients with BCS underwent pectral CT with upper abdominal two-phase contrast-enhanced scanning to generate a 60keV monochromatic energy level combined with ASIR (ranging from 0% -100%) during the portal venous phase (PVP) and the hepatic venous phase (HVP). One-way ANOVA was used to compare vessel-to-liver contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) for the portal vein (PV), hepatic vein (HV), and inferior vena cava (IVC). Read More

J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol 2018 Oct;62 Suppl 1:110

Department of Radiology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, New South Wales, Australia.

J Vet Intern Med 2018 Nov 11;32(6):2021-2028. Epub 2018 Oct 11.

Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.

Background: Cavalier King Charles Spaniels (CKCS) suffer pain associated with Chiari-like malformation and syringomyelia (CMSM). People suffer from a similar condition and describe numerous sensory abnormalities. Sensory changes have not been quantified in affected CKCS. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2018 Oct 11;19:1212-1215. Epub 2018 Oct 11.

Department of Endocrinology, Springfield Clinic, Springfield, IL, USA.

BACKGROUND Sarcoidosis is a systemic disease that can affect any organ, including the liver. It is manifested by the presence of non-caseating granulomas within involved organs, most commonly the pulmonary, lymphatic, and hepatic system. Unlike pulmonary or lymphatic involvement, hepatic involvement is usually asymptomatic and it is underdiagnosed. Read More

Hepatol Int 2018 Nov 8;12(6):483-486. Epub 2018 Oct 8.

Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, D-1, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India.