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Respirology 2019 Apr 19. Epub 2019 Apr 19.

Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.

Respirology 2019 Apr 19. Epub 2019 Apr 19.

Division of Respirology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Haematologica 2019 Apr 19. Epub 2019 Apr 19.

Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA

Respiratory tract infections due to community-acquired respiratory viruses including respiratory syncytial virus, Influenza, parainfluenza virus 3 and human metapneumovirus are detected in up to 40% of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients in whom they cause severe symptoms including pneumonia and bronchiolitis and can be fatal. Given the lack of effective antivirals and the data from our group demonstrating that adoptively transferred ex vivo-expanded virus-specific T cells can be clinically beneficial for the treatment of both latent (Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, BK virus, human herpesvirus 6) and lytic (adenovirus) viruses, we investigated the potential for extending this immunotherapeutic approach to respiratory viruses. We now describe a system that rapidly generates a single preparation of polyclonal (CD4+ and CD8+) virus-specific T cells reactive against 12 antigens derived from 4 viruses (respiratory syncytial virus, Influenza, parainfluenza virus 3 and human metapneumovirus) that commonly cause post-transplant morbidity and mortality. Read More

Transpl Int 2019 Apr 19. Epub 2019 Apr 19.

Toronto Lung Transplant Program, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Background: Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) remains the leading cause of late death after lung transplantation. Epithelial injury is thought to be a key event in the pathogenesis of CLAD. M30 and M65 are fragments of cytokeratin-18 released specifically during epithelial cell apoptosis and total cell death, respectively. Read More

Eur J Pediatr 2019 Apr 18. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

Paediatric Pneumology Unit, University Clinic Hospital, University of Valencia, Av Blasco Ibáñez, 17, 46010, Valencia, Spain.

Little is known about respiratory morbidity and asthma risk in preterm infants (PTIs) with a gestational age (GA) over 32 weeks. This was a prospective study carried out from birth to 7-8 years, comparing two groups: (a) PTIs (GAs 32 weeks + 1 day to 35 weeks + 0 days, without comorbidities) and (b) full-term infants (FTIs; GA ≥ 37 weeks). Risk and protective factors for bronchiolitis and asthma were identified. Read More

Rev Med Liege 2019 Apr;74(4):175-178

Service de Pédiatrie, CHU Liège, Belgique.

Bronchiolitis is one of the main reasons for hospitalization, or outpatient visits, in the paediatric population, especially among infants in the winter season. Despite the high incidence of the disease, ideal medical work up and treatment are still a matter of debate in the literature and among physicians. However, the most recent guidelines and review of literature do agree on some points. Read More

Crit Care 2019 Apr 16;23(1):120. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Médecine Intensive Réanimation, F-69004, Lyon, France.

JCI Insight 2019 Apr 16;5. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Obliterative bronchiolitis (OB) is a poorly understood airway disease characterized by the generation of fibrotic bronchiolar occlusions. In the lung transplant setting, OB is a pathological manifestation of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS), which is a major impediment to long-term recipient survival. Club cells play a key role in bronchiolar epithelial repair, but whether they promote lung transplant tolerance through preventing OB remains unclear. Read More

Open Respir Med J 2018 14;12:75-80. Epub 2018 Nov 14.

Pediatric Department, Al-Adan Hospital, MOH, Kuwait.

Background And Objectives: Guidelines for acute bronchiolitis recommend primarily supportive care, but unnecessary treatment measures remain well documented. This study was designed to assess the Al-Adan Hospital pediatricians` attitude towards imaging of inpatients with bronchiolitis aiming to evaluate its utilization and possible impact on patients` management and length of hospital stay.

Subjects And Methods: This study included 194 cases of acute bronchiolitis admitted to Al-Adan Hospital. Read More

An Pediatr (Barc) 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Hospital Infantil, Sección Pediatría Hospitalizados, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España.

Introduction: High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is a safe and effective treatment in bronchiolitis in paediatric wards. The optimal flow on starting HFNC is still unknown. The main aim of this study was to determine if there were differences in clinical outcome of patients according the initial flow. Read More

Pediatr Infect Dis J 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

From the Microbiology Service, Hospital Universitario Donostia-Biodonostia Health Research Institute.

Background: Enterovirus (EV) D68 is mainly associated with acute respiratory infection (ARI). Since 2014, when outbreaks in different countries were observed, this emerging virus was considered a potential threat to public health.

Methods: During 2015-2017, the presence of enterovirus RNA was investigated in all respiratory samples of children younger than 15 years of age with ARI, obtained for virologic studies in the Pediatric Emergency Care Units and wards of 2 hospitals in Gipuzkoa (Spain), using a commercial multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction. Read More

Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019 29;9:75. Epub 2019 Mar 29.

Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.

The human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (hRSV) is the leading cause of severe acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRTIs) in humans at all ages and is the main cause of hospitalization due to pneumonia, asthma, and bronchiolitis in infants. hRSV symptoms mainly develop due to an excessive host immune and inflammatory response in the respiratory tissue. hRSV infection during life is frequent and likely because of non-optimal immunological memory is developed against this virus. Read More

J Vet Intern Med 2019 Apr 13. Epub 2019 Apr 13.

Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan.

This Perspectives in Veterinary Medicine article seeks to define, describe putative causes, and discuss key diagnostic tests for primary and secondary bronchiolar disorders to propose a classification scheme in cats with support from a literature review and case examples. The small airways (bronchioles with inner diameters <2 mm), located at the transitional zone between larger conducting airways and the pulmonary acinus, have been overlooked as major contributors to clinical syndromes of respiratory disease in cats. Because the trigger for many bronchiolar disorders is environmental and humans live in a shared environment with similar susceptibility, understanding these diseases in pet cats has relevance to One Health. Read More

J Am Acad Dermatol 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Département de Dermatologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France; Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France. Electronic address:

Background: Paraneoplastic pemphigus (PNP) occurs more often in patients with hematologic malignancies (HMs) than in patients with solid cancer. Lung bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) is a severe complication of PNP.

Objective: To determine the precise clinical and biologic features of HM-associated PNP and identify factors associated with mortality and survival. Read More

Stem Cells Dev 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Fifth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Suzhou, China, China ;

Our previous studies demonstrated promising outcomes after haploidentical donor transplant combined with unrelated umbilical cord blood (haplo-cord-HSCT) for hematological disorders. However, clinical profiling regarding chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) has not yet been fully described under this protocol. This study analyzed the clinical characteristics of cGVHD among 300 patients with hematological malignancies who received haplo-cord-HSCT between January 2012 and July 2016 at our center. Read More

Prev Med Rep 2019 Jun 16;14:100853. Epub 2019 Mar 16.

Center for Behavioral Epidemiology and Community Health (C-BEACH), Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA.

Cannabis use is increasing and cannabis is typically consumed by smoking. This study explored how indoor secondhand cannabis smoke (SCS) was associated with child health. As part of a larger trial, air particle monitors were placed in 298 homes of families with at least one cigarette smoker and one child under 14 years old in San Diego County, California. Read More

Pediatr Emerg Care 2019 Apr 9. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO.

The profoundly hypoxemic child presents an interesting set of diagnostic and management challenges in the pediatric emergency department. While common pathologies including pneumonia, asthma, bronchiolitis, and pneumothoraces are managed using evidence-based algorithms, more enigmatic pathologies may present the treating physician with less diagnostic and therapeutic clarity. We present the case of a profoundly hypoxemic 16-year-old girl who presented in minimal distress, with oxyhemoglobin saturation of 63% on room air. Read More

Respir Med 2019 Apr 6;150:8-14. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

Department of Pediatrics, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Background: Bronchiectasis is a chronic pulmonary disease characterized by progressive and irreversible bronchial dilatation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the etiologies and clinical features of bronchiectasis in Korean children.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of the medical records for children diagnosed with bronchiectasis between 2000 and 2017 at 28 secondary or tertiary hospitals in South Korea. Read More

Respir Med 2019 Apr 19;150:149-153. Epub 2019 Mar 19.

Pediatric Pulmonary Institute, Ruth Children's Hospital, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel; The Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel. Electronic address:

Background: Severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis requiring hospitalization induces long term immunological and respiratory abnormalities. The long-term immunomodulation effect of Palivizumab (RSV monoclonal antibody) prophylaxis and its impact on the development of asthma remain controversial. Our aim was to evaluate airway hyper-reactivity, systemic inflammatory markers, allergic parameters and respiratory morbidity, 5-7 years following Palivizumab administration to children born at 29-32 weeks of gestation (WGA). Read More

BMJ Paediatr Open 2019 4;3(1):e000409. Epub 2019 Mar 4.

Paediatric Department, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.

Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are a leading cause of under-five mortality globally. In Kenya, the reported prevalence of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections in single-centre studies has varied widely. Our study sought to determine the prevalence of RSV infection in children admitted with ARI fulfilling the WHO criteria for bronchiolitis. Read More

Thorax 2019 May 4;74(5):430-431. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy

Thorax 2019 May 4;74(5):503-505. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.

The precise association between bronchiolitis and predisposition to childhood wheeze is unclear. We assessed bronchiolitis aetiology and later wheeze phenotypes in the entire 2007 English birth cohort. All infants admitted to hospital in England during their first year of life with bronchiolitis or urinary tract infection (UTI) were followed using Hospital Episode Statistics to determine risk and characteristics of wheeze admission over the subsequent 8 years. Read More

Lancet Child Adolesc Health 2019 Apr 1. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

Department of Paediatrics, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland.

Human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1), belonging to the Parvoviridae family, was discovered in 2005, in nasopharyngeal samples from children with respiratory tract infections. Three additional bocaviruses, HBoV2-4, were discovered in 2009-10. These viruses have mainly been found in faecal samples and their role in human diseases is still uncertain. Read More

Microb Pathog 2019 Mar 31;131:227-233. Epub 2019 Mar 31.

Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272029, China; Intensive Medical, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272029, China. Electronic address:

Baicalein, an isolate of secutellaria baicalensis is known for its anti-inflammatory activity. In the present study, 12-triazole derivatives of baicalein were synthesized and evaluated against RSV infected BEAS-2B cells in vitro and in mice model in vivo. The preventive effect of most active compound 5f against RSV infection was studied in detail. Read More

Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2019 Mar 28;52:e20180329. Epub 2019 Mar 28.

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioestatística, Departamento de Estatística, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brasil.

Introduction: Because the antibody neutralizing respiratory syncytial virus (anti-RSV) has a short period of immunization and high cost, the identification of regions and months of highest occurrence of bronchiolitis is very important.

Methods: An Autoregressive Conditional Poisson model was constructed for count data and compared to the standard time-series Poisson regression model.

Results: The metropolitan area of Paraná presented the highest average occurrence from May to July. Read More

J BUON 2019 Jan-Feb;24(1):267-272

Radiology Department, St. Savvas Anticancer Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece.

Purpose: To evaluate the use of percutaneous computed tomography (CT)-guided localization of suspicious intrapulmonary nodules with hook wire prior to video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS).

Methods: From April 2010 to February 2011, 15 patients with suspicious subpleural pulmonary nodules underwent preoperative CT-guided hook wire localization of the lesions, prior to VATS.

Results: Histological analysis of the resected suspicious pulmonary nodules revealed malignancy in 12 cases, 2 cases with granulomas and 1 case with bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP). Read More

BMJ Qual Saf 2019 Apr 2. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Background: Bronchiolitis is the most common cause of respiratory hospitalisation in children aged <2 years. Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) suggest only supportive management of bronchiolitis. However, the availability of CPGs do not guarantee that they are used appropriately and marked variation in the clinical management exists. Read More

Emerg Med J 2019 Apr;36(4):248-249

York Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust/Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.

A shortcut review was carried out to establish whether high-flow nasal oxygen was better than standard oxygen therapy in infants with signs and symptoms of bronchiolitis at reducing the need for escalation of therapy. Three papers presented the best evidence to answer the clinical question. The author, date and country of publication, patient group studied, study type, relevant outcomes, results and study weaknesses of these papers are tabulated. Read More

Infect Dis Clin North Am 2019 Jun 30;33(2):331-359. Epub 2019 Mar 30.

Section of Bone Marrow Transplant and Cellular Therapy, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Cell Therapy, Rush University Medical Center, 1725 West Harrison Street, Suite 809, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. Electronic address:

This article discusses the complications of hematopoietic stem cell transplantion (HSCT) that affect infections in HSCT recipients, with analogies to patients with hematologic malignancies. Mucositis, with mucosal barrier disruption, is common and increases the risk of gram-positive and anaerobic bacterial, and fungal infections, and can evolve to typhlitis. Engraftment syndrome; graft-versus-host disease, hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome; and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome can affect the infectious potential either directly from organ dysfunction or indirectly from specific treatment. Read More

Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2019 Apr 1. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Aging, KU Leuven.

Purpose Of Review: Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) has been recently introduced as an umbrella-term encompassing all forms of chronic pulmonary function decline posttransplant with bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome and restrictive allograft syndrome as the most important subtypes. Differential diagnosis and management, however, remains complicated.

Recent Findings: Herein, we provide an overview of the different diagnostic criteria (pulmonary function, body plethysmography and radiology) used to differentiate bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome and restrictive allograft syndrome, their advantages and disadvantages as well as potential problems in making an accurate differential diagnosis. Read More

Front Immunol 2019 18;10:452. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Millenium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.

The human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) remains one of the leading pathogens causing acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) in children younger than 2 years old, worldwide. Hospitalizations during the winter season due to hRSV-induced bronchiolitis and pneumonia increase every year. Despite this, there are no available vaccines to mitigate the health and economic burden caused by hRSV infection. Read More

PLoS One 2019 1;14(4):e0214647. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of CT-based quantitative airway and air-trapping measurements and to assess their correlation with pulmonary function in children with post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans (PIBO).

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study approved by the institutional review board included chest CT scans and pulmonary function tests (PFT) completed between January 2005 and December 2016 in children diagnosed with PIBO. The quantitative analysis of segmental and subsegmental bronchi was performed on each chest CT scan, measuring the areas or diameters of lumens, walls, or the entire airway. Read More

PLoS One 2019 1;14(4):e0214197. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Background: Ethnic disparities have been shown in respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis. However, it is unclear whether such differences are related to access to care. We compared demographic and clinical characteristics of Arab and Jewish children hospitalized for RSV bronchiolitis in Israel, a country with universal health insurance. Read More

J Hosp Med 2019 Apr;14(4):212-217

Division of Hospital Medicine, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.

Objective: This study aims to assess whether secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure has an impact on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in children with acute respiratory illness (ARI).

Methods: This study was nested within a multicenter, prospective cohort study of children (two weeks to 16 years) with ARI (emergency department visits for croup and hospitalizations for croup, asthma, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia) between July 1, 2014 and June 30, 2016. Subjects were surveyed upon enrollment for sociodemographics, healthcare utilization, home SHS exposure (0 or ≥1 smoker in the home), and child HRQOL (Pediatric Quality of Life Physical Functioning Scale) for both baseline health (preceding illness) and acute illness (on admission). Read More

JAMA Pediatr 2019 Apr 1. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston.

Importance: Rhinovirus infection in early life, particularly with allergic sensitization, is associated with higher risks of developing recurrent wheeze and asthma. While emerging evidence links different rhinovirus species (eg, rhinovirus C) to a higher severity of infection and asthma exacerbation, to our knowledge, little is known about longitudinal associations of rhinovirus C infection during infancy with subsequent morbidities.

Objective: To examine the association of different viruses (respiratory syncytial virus [RSV], rhinovirus species) in bronchiolitis with risks of developing recurrent wheeze. Read More

Mod Rheumatol 2019 Apr 1:1-19. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

a Inflammation and Immunology , Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine , Kyoto , Japan.

Objectives: To identify the factors associated with the risk of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) in patients with microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), focusing on other preexisting lung involvements such as interstitial lung disease (ILD) and airway disease.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed consecutive patients with myeloperoxidase-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-positive MPA who had undergone chest computed tomography (CT) before starting treatment between 2006 and 2016. Patients who already had DAH at initial CT imaging were excluded. Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Mar 30. Epub 2019 Mar 30.

Department of Pediatrics, Guru Gobind Singh Medical College, Sadiq Road, Faridkot, Punjab, 151203, India.

Acta Paediatr 2019 Mar 28. Epub 2019 Mar 28.

Centre for Child Health, Tampere University and University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.

Aim: This paper summarises variations in the genes encoding toll-like receptors (TLRs) in relation to the aetiology and outcome of infant bronchiolitis. It compares the literature with research carried out by our group.

Methods: A mini review was conducted to provide context for a study carried out at the Department of Paediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, Finland. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2019 Mar 26;20(6). Epub 2019 Mar 26.

Lung Research Unit, Department of Thoracic Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide 5001, Australia.

The innate immune system drives the initiation of inflammation and progression to chronic inflammation in two important chronic inflammatory lung diseases involving the small airways, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS), following lung transplantation. Recently natural killer T cell like (NKT-like) cells, which represent a bridge between the innate and adaptive immune response as well as the innate natural killer cell (NK) cells, have been shown to be important cells in these two chronic lung diseases. Importantly these cells have been shown to be resistant to commonly used anti-inflammatory drugs such as glucocorticoids and as such their inflammatory nature has been difficult to suppress. Read More

J Biol Regul Homeost Agents 2019 Mar-Apr,;33(2):409-413

Department of Pediatrics, the Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China.

Bronchiolitis is a widespread lower respiratory tract infection in infants and young children, and is closely related to the incidence of asthma, and T regulatory cells (Tregs) play a role in its pathogenesis. Read More

Respir Care 2019 Mar 26. Epub 2019 Mar 26.

Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx, New York.

Background: High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC), a form of noninvasive respiratory support, is effective for the treatment of respiratory distress in ICUs. Although HFNC has been used outside of the ICU, there is little research that examines its safety in this less-monitored setting.

Methods: Children ≤ 24 months old admitted with bronchiolitis to a pediatric floor at a tertiary care center from April 1 2013, to March 31 2015, were identified by using standard diagnostic codes. Read More

Clin Exp Dermatol 2019 Mar 25. Epub 2019 Mar 25.

University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Department of Dermatology, Southampton, UK.

Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) and Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) are characterised by widespread skin and mucosal necrosis and are infrequently reported in children. Triggers and long-term sequelae differ to those reported for adult cases. Bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) is a rarely reported complication but is associated with significant long-term morbidity. Read More

PLoS One 2019 25;14(3):e0214407. Epub 2019 Mar 25.

Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in human infants. Bovine RSV infection of neonatal calves is pathologically and immunologically similar to RSV infection in infants, and is therefore a useful preclinical model for testing novel therapeutics. Treatment of severe RSV bronchiolitis relies on supportive care and may include use of bronchodilators and inhaled or systemic corticosteroids. Read More

Mayo Clin Proc Innov Qual Outcomes 2019 Mar 17;3(1):86-93. Epub 2019 Jan 17.

Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients diagnosed with obliterative bronchiolitis (OB) not associated with transplantation or point-source exposures to inhaled toxins.

Patients And Methods: We compiled all confirmed diagnoses of OB at our institution and analyzed their demographic characteristics, treatments, and outcomes as defined by pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and transplant-free mortality. The study period ranged from July 2007 to August 2017. Read More

BMJ Open 2019 Mar 20;9(3):e023213. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Scottish Cot Death Trust, 5th Floor, West Glasgow Ambulatory Care Hospital, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.

Objective: Smoking during pregnancy is associated with adverse health impacts on mother and child. We used a large linked Scottish dataset to produce contemporary estimates of the impact on child health, particularly hospitalisation.

Design: Retrospective cohort study linking birth, death, maternity, infant health, child health surveillance and admission records. Read More

Acta Med Port 2019 Feb 28;32(2):101-110. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

Departamento de Medicina Geral e Familiar. Unidade de Saúde Familiar Viseu-Cidade. Agrupamento Centros de Saúde Dão Lafões. Viseu. Portugal.

Introduction: Respiratory tract infections represent the most frequent conditions in pediatric clinical practice that motivate antibiotic prescribing. The objective was to identify the frequency and pattern of antibacterial prescribing in respiratory diseases.

Material And Methods: Over a period of two years (divided by the presentation of the clinical guideline standards) data was collected from clinical records of children with respiratory disease. Read More

An Sist Sanit Navar 2019 Mar 21;0(0):69366. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (Pamplona).

Background: The present study aims to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the Boussignac continuous positive airway pressure device (CPAPB) when used during the transportation of infants under three months of age with bronchiolitis.

Methods: Transversal analytical observational study of four years duration. Data was collected on 25 infants who needed inter-hospital transportation to the reference Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU), with CPAPB and Helmet interface. Read More

Pneumologie 2019 Mar 20. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Allergologie, Pneumologie und Mukoviszidose.

Introduction:  Bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) is a rare and severe pulmonary disease which can occur due to airway infection or as a result of stem cell or lung transplantation. Our goal was to study the lung function and airway inflammation among BO patients. Furthermore, we examined the potential of the lung clearance index (LCI) for BO diagnostics among that group. Read More

Rev Paul Pediatr 2019 Mar 18. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.

Objective: To evaluate exercise capacity in children and adolescents with post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans.

Data Source: This is a systematic review based on data from PubMed, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro). We used the following search strategy: "Exercise capacity OR Exercise Test OR Physical fitness OR Functional capacity OR Six-minute walk test OR Shuttle walk test OR Cardiopulmonary exercise test AND Bronchiolitis obliterans. Read More

Cien Saude Colet 2019 Mar;24(3):1083-1090

Departamento de Energia, Faculdade de Engenharia de Guaratinguetá (FEG), UNESP. Av. Ariberto Pereira da Cunha 333, Pedregulho. 12516-410 Guaratinguetá SP Brasil.

Hospitalizations due to respiratory diseases generate financial costs for the Health System in addition to social costs. Objective of this study was to develop and validate a fuzzy linguistic model for prediction of hospitalization due to respiratory diseases. We constructed a fuzzy model for prediction of hospitalizations due to pneumonia, bronchitis, bronchiolitis and asthma second exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2. Read More