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Sci Adv 2022 Jun 24;8(25):eabn0154. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

The Azrieli National Institute for Human Brain Imaging and Research and Department of Brain Research, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.

Nonhuman terrestrial mammals sniff themselves and each other to decide who is friend or foe. Humans also sniff themselves and each other, but the function of this is unknown. Because humans seek friends who are similar to themselves, we hypothesized that humans may smell themselves and others to subconsciously estimate body odor similarity, which, in turn, may promote friendship. Read More

Acta Endocrinol (Buchar) 2021 Oct-Dec;17(4):554-556

Hacettepe University - Department of Internal Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey.

Context: Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2-I) are a new class of oral antidiabetic drugs.

Objective: Side effects of drugs are frequently encountered with increasing use in clinical practice.

Design/subjects And Methods: We present a case with an unidentified body odor that has not been described yet in the literature as an adverse effect of SGLT2-I. Read More

Animals (Basel) 2022 Jun 9;12(12). Epub 2022 Jun 9.

Institute of Psychology, University of Wrocław, 50-527 Wrocław, Poland.

Whereas several recent studies demonstrated that some animal species are able to recognize human emotions based on information from body odor [... Read More

Animals (Basel) 2022 Jun 8;12(12). Epub 2022 Jun 8.

Institute of Biological Bases of Animal Production, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 13 Akademicka St., 20-950 Lublin, Poland.

The available evidence on dogs' scent preferences is quite limited. The purpose of this study was to verify the canine response to selected odors that may also be preferred by humans. The experiment was performed using 14 adult dogs (10 female and 4 male) of different breeds, body size, and age (1-14 years). Read More

ACS Sens 2022 Jun 22. Epub 2022 Jun 22.

Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.

The fabrication of chemiresistive sensors by inkjet printing is recognized as a breakthrough in gas-sensing applications. One challenge of this technology, however, is how to enhance the cross-selectivity of the sensor array. Herein, we present a ketjen black (KB) ink and molecularly imprinted sol-gel (MISG) inks to support the fabrication of a fully inkjet-printed chemiresistive sensor array, enabling the highly accurate recognition of volatile organic acids (VOAs) on the molecular level. Read More

Arq Bras Cir Dig 2022 17;35:e1646. Epub 2022 Jun 17.

Hospital de Clinicas, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

Aims: Scopinaro-type biliopancreatic diversion (BPD-S) and its variations are the surgeries that offer the best immediate results in weight loss and regain in the late follow-up. It has a high rate of immediate complications and demands control with frequent laboratory tests. The aim of this study was to analyze the late postoperative complications of 1570 patients operated by biliopancreatic diversion with gastric preservation laparoscopic video with up to 20 years of postoperative follow-up. Read More

Sci Rep 2022 Jun 21;12(1):10421. Epub 2022 Jun 21.

Molecular Neurobiology of Behavior, Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach-Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Julia-Lermontowa-Weg 3, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.

By learning, through experience, which stimuli coincide with dangers, it is possible to predict outcomes and act pre-emptively to ensure survival. In insects, this process is localized to the mushroom body (MB), the circuitry of which facilitates the coincident detection of sensory stimuli and punishing or rewarding cues and, downstream, the execution of appropriate learned behaviors. Here, we focused our attention on the mushroom body output neurons (MBONs) of the γ-lobes that act as downstream synaptic partners of the MB γ-Kenyon cells (KCs) to ask how the output of the MB γ-lobe is shaped by olfactory associative conditioning, distinguishing this from non-associative stimulus exposure effects, and without the influence of downstream modulation. Read More

J Neurosci 2022 Jun 16. Epub 2022 Jun 16.

Institute of Molecular Biophysics, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA

Metabolic state can alter olfactory sensitivity, but it is unknown if the activity of the olfactory bulb (OB) may fine tune metabolic homeostasis. Our objective was to use CRISPR gene editing in male and female mice to enhance the excitability of mitral/tufted projection neurons (M/TCs) of the OB to test for improved metabolic health. slice recordings of MCs in CRIPSR mice confirmed increased excitability due the targeted loss of Kv1. Read More

J Breath Res 2022 Jun 23;16(3). Epub 2022 Jun 23.

Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 101, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.

Halitosis is an unpleasant odor discharged through the oral cavity with a prevalence as high as 30%-50% of the general population. Conventional diagnostic methods have been focused on mouth air analysis measuring the amount of sulfur compounds which does not directly reflect the cause of halitosis. Also, the possible role of halitosis as an indicator of general health status has been steadily suggested and inflammation has been constantly associated with aversive body odor. Read More

Leg Med (Tokyo) 2022 May 30;58:102095. Epub 2022 May 30.

Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan.

MiraDry® is a microwave-based cosmetic device commonly used to treat hyperhidrosis and osmidrosis by affecting apocrine and eccrine sweat glands. In most countries, its application is limited to the axillary region. A healthy woman received MiraDry® treatment in the perineal, genital, and perianal regions for body odor in a cosmetic clinic. Read More

Toxicol Ind Health 2022 Jun;38(6):309-329

n-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) is a widely used solvent with a mild amine-like odor that can exist in a vapor or aerosol at moderate temperatures. In humans, NMP was reported to induce weak and transient eye irritation and headache. NMP was not a dermal sensitizer and has a low acute toxicity via oral, dermal, and inhalation routes. Read More

Brain Sci 2022 May 13;12(5). Epub 2022 May 13.

Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.

A growing body of literature suggests a close link between olfaction and social expertise. The current study examines whether mentalizing skills are related to olfactory discrimination performance. In order to assess their mentalizing ability, 21 women and 20 men completed the "Reading the Mind in the Eyes" test (RMET). Read More

Cureus 2022 Apr 23;14(4):e24410. Epub 2022 Apr 23.

Center of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Clinics, Vilnius, LTU.

Ectopic teeth can be supernumerary, deciduous or permanent, and can occur in a wide variety of locations outside of the cavity of the mouth. While supernumerary teeth are rare, supernumerary intranasal teeth are rarer. It is not clear what causes the eruption of teeth intranasally; however, trauma, infection, radiation, and developmental defects may be significant factors in their etiology. Read More

J Chem Ecol 2022 May 23. Epub 2022 May 23.

Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Education and Research Kolkata, Nadia, Mohanpur, 741246, India.

Insect herbivores frequently must balance host plant quality and the risk of attack by their natural enemies when making oviposition decisions. Yet, which factor is more important remains unresolved in plant-insect ecology. Here, we report the oviposition preference and larval performance of the brassicaceous specialist Plutella xylostella, in the context of plant quality (cabbage Brassica oleracea vs. Read More

Front Cell Neurosci 2022 6;16:869710. Epub 2022 May 6.

Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, United States.

Background And Purpose: Vascular dementia (VaD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease affecting cognition and memory. There is a lack of approved pharmacological treatments specifically for VaD. In this study, we investigate the therapeutic effects of AV-001, a Tie2 receptor agonist, in middle-aged rats subjected to a multiple microinfarct (MMI) model of VaD. Read More

Physiol Behav 2022 08 18;252:113849. Epub 2022 May 18.

Chemical Senses and Mental Health Laboratory, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No. 1023 Shatainan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China. Electronic address:

Objectives: Dreams often involve visual and auditory sensations, but olfactory experiences have not received the same amount of attention. This study explores the prevalence and content of olfactory dreams in China and investigates the relationship between olfactory imagery, olfactory significance, and olfactory dreamers.

Methods: In the first part of the study, 4302 dream records from LOFTER were screened and classified to preliminarily identify the prevalence and content of olfactory dreams. Read More

Chem Senses 2022 01;47

Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CNRS UMR5292, INSERM U1028, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CH Le Vinatier, Bât. 462 Neurocampus, 95 boulevard Pinel, 69675 Bron Cedex, France.

Emotions can be communicated in social contexts through chemosignals contained in human body odors. The transmission of positive emotions via these signals has received little interest in past research focused mainly on negative emotional transmission. Furthermore, how the use of perfumed products might modulate this transmission remains poorly understood. Read More

Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2022 May 11;10(5):e4320. Epub 2022 May 11.

Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.

Apocrine sweat gland excision is a successful surgical treatment for bromhidrosis used in clinical practice due to its efficacy and unobtrusive postoperative scar. However, a small quantity of apocrine sweat gland residue is an unavoidable intraoperative concern to minimize losses of the dermal vascular network induced by extensive excision of the apocrine sweat glands. However, the relationship between the degree of remaining glands and clinical efficacy is yet unknown. Read More

Foods 2022 May 6;11(9). Epub 2022 May 6.

Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences (DiAAA), University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, I-86100 Campobasso, Italy.

Formaldehyde, the simplest molecule of the aldehyde group, is a gaseous compound at room temperature and pressure, is colorless, and has a strong, pungent odor. It is soluble in water, ethanol, and diethyl ether and is used in solution or polymerized form. Its maximum daily dosage established by the EPA is 0. Read More

Front Behav Neurosci 2022 22;16:849864. Epub 2022 Apr 22.

Department of Medical Engineering, Faculty of Health Science, Aino University, Osaka, Japan.

Odors trigger various emotional responses such as fear of predator odors, aversion to disease or cancer odors, attraction to male/female odors, and appetitive behavior to delicious food odors. Odor information processing for fine odor discrimination, however, has remained difficult to address. The olfaction and color vision share common features that G protein-coupled receptors are the remote sensors. Read More

J Anim Sci Technol 2022 Mar 31;64(2):291-301. Epub 2022 Mar 31.

Division of Food and Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different mixing ratios of and in diets on nutrient digestibility, fecal microflora, and odor gas emissions of growing pigs. A total of four crossbred ([Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc) barrows with average body weight (BW) of 41.2 ± 0. Read More

Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022 Jul 3;305:102690. Epub 2022 May 3.

Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran; Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, E-32004 Ourense, Spain. Electronic address:

In recent decades, due to the increase in awareness, most consumers prefer foods that not only satisfy their primal urge of hunger but also include health-promoting effects on the body. Therefore, the food industry has an increasing tendency to apply the nutrients (like vitamins, essential fatty acids and minerals) and replace synthetic additives with natural bioactives (like phenolics and essential oils) to produce functional products. However, low dispersibility and shelf-stability as well as presenting unpleasant taste and odor are the most critical barriers for direct incorporation of these useful compounds into foods. Read More

Sci Rep 2022 04 28;12(1):6911. Epub 2022 Apr 28.

Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Av. de Roma s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Spain.

Sarcomas are mesenchymal cancers which often show an aggressive behavior and patient survival largely depends on an early detection. In last years, much attention has been given to the fact that cancer patients release specific odorous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that can be efficiently detected by properly trained sniffer dogs. Here, we have evaluated for the first time the ability of sniffer dogs (n = 2) to detect osteosarcoma cell cultures and patient samples. Read More

Sci Total Environ 2022 Aug 21;834:155433. Epub 2022 Apr 21.

Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China. Electronic address:

In nature, the odorous substance β-ionone has been widely detected in aquatic ecosystems. However, little is known about its ecotoxicological effects on freshwater vertebrates. In this study, we aimed to assess the acute toxicity of β-ionone in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos from 2 to 120 h post fertilization (hpf) and investigate embryo development, locomotor behavior and pigmentation under different concentrations. Read More

J Affect Disord 2022 07 13;308:259-267. Epub 2022 Apr 13.

Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Via Venezia 8, 35131 Padua, Italy. Electronic address:

Background: Diminished olfactory functioning has been reported in depression, whereas evidence in anxiety disorders is still controversial. Olfactory meta-cognitive abilities (i.e. Read More

J Anat 2022 Apr 15. Epub 2022 Apr 15.

Department of Anatomy, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil.

The study of anatomy is largely dependent on cadaveric specimens to fulfill the tridimensional comprehension of each structure as well as the relationship between organs. Given the difficult access to fresh anatomical specimens, the constant renovation of samples for research and educational purposes is unsustainable, beyond the ethical issues involved. The standard technique for preserving specimens involves fixation and later immersion in formaldehyde, which enables a good result, but also presents elevated carcinogenic potential. Read More

Neuroimage 2022 07 9;255:119181. Epub 2022 Apr 9.

Development of Olfactory Communication & Cognition Lab, Center for Taste, Smell & Feeding Behavior, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, CNRS, Inrae, Institut Agro Dijon, 21000, Dijon, France. Electronic address:

Visual categorization is the brain ability to rapidly and automatically respond to a certain category of inputs. Whether category-selective neural responses are purely visual or can be influenced by other sensory modalities remains unclear. Here, we test whether odors modulate visual categorization, expecting that odors facilitate the neural categorization of congruent visual objects, especially when the visual category is ambiguous. Read More

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2022 May 31;236:113463. Epub 2022 Mar 31.

Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University, St. John's, NL A1B 3×5, Canada. Electronic address:

Synthetic musks (SMs) have been widely used as odor additives in personal care products (PCPs). Dermal exposure to SMs is the main pathway of the accumulation of these chemicals in human kerateins and poses potential health risks. In this study, in silico methods were established to reduce the human health risk of SMs from dermal exposure by investigating the risk mechanisms, designing lower bioaccumulation ability SMs and suggesting proper PCP ingredients using molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models. Read More

Curr Opin Neurobiol 2022 04 31;73:102528. Epub 2022 Mar 31.

RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Japan; RIKEN CBS-KAO Collaboration Center, Wako, Japan; Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address:

Animals recognize groups and mixtures of odors as a unitary object. This ability is crucial to generalize known odors to newly encountered ones despite variations. However, it remains largely unknown how multitudes of odors are represented and organized in the higher brain regions to support odor object recognition. Read More

Molecules 2022 Mar 14;27(6). Epub 2022 Mar 14.

Department of Materials, Fibres and Textile Testing, Faculty of Textile Technology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.

Wool is considered to possibly exhibit antibacterial properties due to the ability of wool clothing to reduce the build-up of odor, which arises from the microbial activity of skin microbiota. Indeed, when tested with a widely used agar diffusion plate test method, even wool or other textiles not treated with any antimicrobial agent can be interpreted to show certain antibacterial effects due to the lack of growth under the specimen, as instructed in ISO 20645:2004 standard. Therefore, we analyzed in detail what happens to bacterial cells in contact with untreated wool and cotton fabric placed on inoculated agar plates by counting viable cells attached to the specimens after 1 and 24 h of contact. Read More