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Med Decis Making 2021 01 26;41(1):74-88. Epub 2020 Oct 26.

Department of Surgery, Division of Public Health Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, USA.

Background: Personalized medicine may increase the amount of probabilistic information patients encounter. Little guidance exists about communicating risk for multiple diseases simultaneously or about communicating how changes in risk factors affect risk (hereafter "risk reduction").

Purpose: To determine how to communicate personalized risk and risk reduction information for up to 5 diseases associated with insufficient physical activity in a way laypeople can understand and that increases intentions. Read More

Aesthetic Plast Surg 2018 Jun 19;42(3):679-691. Epub 2018 Jan 19.

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hitit University, Çorum, Turkey.

Objective: This study aims to make a bibliometric analysis of the studies on breast reduction (BR) between the years 1980 and 2016 and identify important studies through trend topics as well as active authors, countries, universities, scientific journals, and citation and co-citation analyses about BR.

Background: Although BR looks like one of the cosmetic surgeries performed in order to restore the woman's appearance, in fact it is a reconstructive surgery that eliminates back pain, stance disorder, headache, shoulder pain, back and cervical disk hernia, difficulty in breathing, hollowness caused by bra straps, hygiene problems under breasts (e.g. Read More

Coll Antropol 2012 Jun;36(2):657-68

University of Split, Split University Hospital Center, Division for Plastic Surgery and Burns, Department of Surgery, Split, Croatia.

Results of our study describe the long term effects of reduction mammaplasty. Many women with excessively small or large breasts have an altered personal self-image and often suffer from low self-esteem and other psychological stresses. This procedure is designed to reduce and reshape large breasts, and since the size, shape, and symmetry of a woman's breasts can have a profound effect on her mental and physical well-being it is important to observe the patient's long-term outcome. Read More

G Chir 2012 Jan-Feb;33(1-2):14-6

Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Tyneside District General Hospital, North Shields, England, UK.

We present an application of the Hall-Findlay mammaplasty skin pattern for skin-sparing mastectomy (SSM). This is a simplified vertical reduction mammaplasty. Vertical reduction mammaplasty is the procedure advised for patients with moderator or large ptotic breasts, who wish to have a simultaneous contra-lateral breast reduction/mastopexy at the time of SSM for cancer or prophylactic mastectomy. Read More

Clin Infect Dis 2009 Feb;48(4):449-55

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women & Infants Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection during pregnancy is a condition that requires multidisciplinary care. Care must be rendered that is appropriate for both the mother and the fetus. Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV is of paramount concern. Read More

J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2008 Nov 27;61(11):1284-93. Epub 2008 May 27.

Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, J. J. Aguirre Clinical Hospital, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyse the geometrical principles of breast reduction, to propose a classification of reduction mammaplasty techniques and to show a simplified approach based on the authors experience.

Methods: A thorough analysis of the geometrical differences between the normal and enlarged breast was performed. As a result of this analysis, the concept of separate management of the skin and gland for breast reduction was used as a method to classify the different techniques. Read More

Aesthetic Plast Surg 2005 Nov-Dec;29(6):519-31

Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.

Vertical scar mammaplasty, first described by Lötsch in 1923 and Dartigues in 1924 for mastopexy, was extended later to breast reduction by Arié in 1957. It was otherwise lost to surgical history until Lassus began experimenting with it in 1964. It then was extended by Marchac and de Olarte, finally to be popularized by Lejour. Read More

Med Sci Monit 2001 Sep-Oct;7(5):1043-51

Senior Lecturer in International Public Health, Nuffield Institute for Health, Clarendon Road, Leeds, UK.

Background: Antiviral prophylaxis is recommended for HIV positive mothers to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV. To date UNAIDS and WHO policy has been based on a study in Thailand which showed a reduction in transmission by half with short course AZT (Zidovudine) treatment together with artificial feeding. We modelled the possible positive and negative effects on child deaths in low and middle resource developing country settings of two interventions to reduce mother to child transmission (MTCT) of HIV: antenatal testing, short-course antivirals (zidovudine or nevirapine), firstly with and then without artificial feeding. Read More

Curr Infect Dis Rep 2001 Aug;3(4):388-396

UCLA School of Medicine, Mattel Children's Hospital, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, 22-442 MDCC, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1752, USA.

Great strides have been made in the fight against vertical transmission of HIV-1. Improved understanding of mechanisms and timing of transmission of HIV-1 from mother to child have led to the development of effective intervention strategies that have reduced transmission rates to unprecedented low levels, below 2% in developed countries. New reports using shortened, more affordable courses of antiretrovirals prenatally or at the time of delivery have also shown a significant reduction in transmission, over 50% in studies conducted in the developing world. Read More

Plast Reconstr Surg 1999 Sep;104(3):748-59; discussion 760-3

Mineral Springs Hospital, Banff, Alberta, Canada.

Although the vertical reduction mammaplasty is effective in reducing scarring, the technique has not achieved widespread acceptance in North America. There are several reasons for this. Some believe that the vertical reduction mammaplasty is only applicable to smaller breast reductions and that the learning curve is difficult. Read More