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World Neurosurg 2022 Jun 24. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. Electronic address:

Introduction: Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is an emerging treatment modality for both primary brain tumors and metastases. Here we report initial outcomes after LITT for metastatic brain tumors across three sites at our institution and discuss potential strategies for optimal patient selection and outcomes.

Methods: International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 and 10 codes were used to identify patients with malignant brain tumors treated via LITT across all three Mayo Clinic sites with at least 6 months follow-up. Read More

J Am Chem Soc 2022 Jun 27. Epub 2022 Jun 27.

Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) presents a major hurdle in the development of central nervous system (CNS) active therapeutics, and expression of the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux transporter at the blood-brain interface further impedes BBB penetrance of most small molecules. Designing efflux liabilities out of compounds can be laborious, and there is currently no generalizable approach to directly transform periphery-limited agents to ones active in the CNS. Here, we describe a target-agnostic, prospective assessment of P-gp efflux using diverse compounds. Read More

Histopathology 2022 Jun 27. Epub 2022 Jun 27.

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.

Aim: Clinicopathologic characterization of contemporary series of neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation in the setting of prostatic carcinoma (PCa).

Methods & Results: We reviewed institutional databases for in-house cases with history of PCa and histopathologic evidence of NE differentiation during the disease course. 79 cases identified: 32 primary and 47 metastases. Read More

Zh Vopr Neirokhir Im N N Burdenko 2022 ;86(3):33-40

Burdenko Neurosurgical Center, Moscow, Russia.

Glioblastoma (GB) is one of the most aggressive primary brain tumors. Analysis of molecular genetic factors affecting prognosis in patients with GB is an important direction of fundamental and clinical researches. There are literature data on the effect of gene mutations, methylation and status on overall survival in patients with GB. Read More

Front Oncol 2022 10;12:889161. Epub 2022 Jun 10.

Department of Pulmonary Diseases, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands.

The use of prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) for small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients is controversial. Risk factors for brain metastasis (BM) development are largely lacking, hampering personalized treatment strategies. This study aimed to identify the possible risk factors for BM in SCLC. Read More

Front Oncol 2022 7;12:911294. Epub 2022 Jun 7.

Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Background: () rearrangements are known oncogenic drivers in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Few case reports described the occurrence of such rearrangements in large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (LCNECs) of the lung without information on clinical responses to ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in these cases. Currently, neuroendocrine tumors of the lungs are not screened for rearrangements. Read More

Front Oncol 2022 8;12:762230. Epub 2022 Jun 8.

Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of the combination of the magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) parameters and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) in patients with brain metastases (BMs) from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with stereotactic radiotherapy.

Methods: A total of 118 NSCLC patients with BM who were treated with stereotactic radiotherapy were retrospectively enrolled in this study. All patients underwent MRS and blood samples test for SII analysis before the initiation of stereotactic radiotherapy. Read More

Neurohospitalist 2022 Jul 23;12(3):512-515. Epub 2022 Feb 23.

Neurology Department, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.

We discuss a case of a middle-aged woman with a history of urothelial carcinoma, who presented with subacute progression of double vision, right facial numbness, and back pain. Her MRI brain and spine demonstrated multifocal enhancing lesions at the skull base and throughout the spine. Since her initial serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) studies were unrevealing, she underwent a biopsy of her skull base lesion, which was initially concerning for infection. Read More

Front Genet 2022 8;13:905581. Epub 2022 Jun 8.

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing Chest Hospital, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.

Although previous studies reported that 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 2 () is involved in many human cancers. However, its clinical significance and function in lung adenocarcinoma remain unclear. Here, we examined the prognostic and immunological role of in lung adenocarcinoma. Read More

Radiother Oncol 2022 Jun 23. Epub 2022 Jun 23.

Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University Zurich, Switzerland. Electronic address:

Purpose /objective: This multicenter study assessed the incidence and survival of patients with esophagogastric cancer and oligometastatic disease (OMD) in two tertiary referral cancer centers in The Netherlands and Switzerland.

Materials /methods: Between 2010-2021, patients with metastatic esophagogastric cancer were identified. Patients with de-novo OMD were included (first-time diagnosis of ≤5 distant metastases on F-FDG-PET/CT). Read More

BMC Cancer 2022 Jun 25;22(1):701. Epub 2022 Jun 25.

Department of Paediatric Oncology and Haematology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Krakow, Poland.

Although isolated central nervous system (CNS) relapses are rare, they may become a serious clinical problem in intensively treated patients with high-risk neuroblastoma (NBL). The aim of this study is the presentation and assessment of the incidence and clinical course of isolated CNS relapses. Retrospective analysis involved 848 NBL patients treated from 2001 to 2019 at 8 centres of the Polish Paediatric Solid Tumours Study Group (PPSTSG). Read More

J Neurooncol 2022 Jun 25. Epub 2022 Jun 25.

Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 460 W. 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.

Background: The current standard of care for patients with a large brain metastasis and limited intracranial disease burden is surgical resection and post-operative single fraction stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). However, post-operative SRS can still lead to substantial rates of local failure (LF), radiation necrosis (RN), and meningeal disease (MD). Pre-operative SRS may reduce the risk of RN and MD, while fractionated treatments may improve local control by allowing delivery of higher biological effective dose. Read More

World Neurosurg 2022 Jun 21. Epub 2022 Jun 21.

Department of Orthopedic Oncology Surgery, Beijing Ji Shui Tan Hospital, Peking University. Electronic address:

Objective: To analyze the efficacy and complications of spinal metastasis surgery for breast cancer; to understand the survival and the influencing factors; and to verify the predictive ability of the currently used spinal metastasis cancer survival prediction scoring system on the 1-year postoperative survival rate.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 54 patients with spinal metastases from breast cancer who underwent open surgery after multidisciplinary consultation in our hospital from January 2017 to October 2020. Patient demographic-related variables, breast cancer-related variables, spinal disorders-related variables, and treatment-related variables were collected. Read More

Radiographics 2022 Jun 24:210235. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

From the Department of Radiology (M.X.W., C.T.J., K.M.E.) and Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma (S.K.), University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Pickens Academic Tower, 1400 Pressler St, Houston, TX 77030-4009; Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.R.D.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (J.G.); Department of Radiology (A.H.) and Faculty of Medicine (M.M.), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix/Scottsdale, Ariz (P.M.P.).

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) are autosomal dominant inherited neurocutaneous disorders or phakomatoses secondary to mutations in the and tumor suppressor genes, respectively. Although they share a common name, NF1 and NF2 are distinct disorders with a wide range of multisystem manifestations that include benign and malignant tumors. Imaging plays an essential role in diagnosis, surveillance, and management of individuals with NF1 and NF2. Read More

Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022 Jun 9;15(6). Epub 2022 Jun 9.

Department of Radioactive Materials, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Ocoyoacac 52750, Mexico.

Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is highly expressed on the cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) of the tumor stroma. Recently, we reported the preclinical evaluation and clinical biokinetics of a novel Tc-labeled FAP inhibitor radioligand ([Tc]Tc-iFAP). This research aimed to evaluate [Tc]Tc-iFAP for the tumor stroma imaging of six different cancerous entities and analyze them from the perspective of stromal heterogeneity. Read More

Molecules 2022 Jun 14;27(12). Epub 2022 Jun 14.

Center for Research in Biosciences & Health Technologies (CBIOS), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal.

Glioblastoma (GB) is the most malignant form of primary astrocytoma, accounting for more than 60% of all brain tumors in adults. Nowadays, due to the development of multidrug resistance causing relapses to the current treatments and the development of severe side effects resulting in reduced survival rates, new therapeutic approaches are needed. The genus belongs to the Lamiaceae family and is known to be rich in abietane-type diterpenes, which possess antitumor activity. Read More

Medicina (Kaunas) 2022 May 26;58(6). Epub 2022 May 26.

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daini Hospital, Kyoto 602-8026, Japan.

Pulmonary pleomorphic carcinoma (PPC) is well-known for its aggressive nature that is usually resistant to platinum-based chemotherapy. On the other hand, the efficacy of an immune checkpoint inhibitor-based regimen in PPC has been elucidated. PPCs harboring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations are extremely rare, and the efficacy of EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors in PPC is limited compared to their efficacy in EGFR-mutated adenocarcinoma. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2022 Jun 17;23(12). Epub 2022 Jun 17.

Experimental Particle Physics Department, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.

The evaluation of treatment response remains a challenge in glioma cases because the neuro oncological therapy can lead to the development of treatment-related changes (TRC) that mimic true progression (TP). Positron emission tomography (PET) using O-(2-[F] fluoroethyl-)-L-tyrosine (F-FET) has been shown to be a useful tool for detecting TRC and TP. We assessed the diagnostic performance of different F-FET PET segmentation approaches and different imaging biomarkers for differentiation between late TRC and TP in glioma patients. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2022 Jun 16;23(12). Epub 2022 Jun 16.

Department of Virology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19 Street, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.

Many organophosphorus compounds (OPs), especially various α-aminophosphonates, exhibit anti-cancer activities. They act, among others, as inhibitors of the proteases implicated in cancerogenesis. Thesetypes of inhibitors weredescribed, e. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2022 Jun 11;23(12). Epub 2022 Jun 11.

Translational Oncology Laboratory, Avera Cancer Institute, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA.

The development of HER2-targeted therapies has dramatically improved patient survival and patient management and increased the quality of life in the HER2+ breast cancer patient population. Due to the activation of compensatory pathways, patients eventually suffer from resistance to HER2-directed therapies and develop a more aggressive disease phenotype. One of these mechanisms is the crosstalk between ER and HER2 signaling, especially the CDK4/6-Cyclin D-Rb signaling axis that is commonly active and has received attention for its potential role in regulating tumor progression. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2022 Jun 10;23(12). Epub 2022 Jun 10.

Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive brain tumor in adults. In addition to genetic causes, the tumor microenvironment (TME), including stiffening of the extracellular matrix (ECM), is a main driver of GBM progression. Mechano-transduction and the unfolded protein response (UPR) are essential for tumor-cell adaptation to harsh TME conditions. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2022 Jun 9;23(12). Epub 2022 Jun 9.

Dipartimento di Oncologia Medica, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy.

The therapeutic landscape in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer harboring oncogenic biomarkers has radically changed with the development of targeted therapies. Although lung cancers are known to frequently metastasize to the brain, oncogene-driven non-small-cell lung cancer patients show a higher incidence of both brain metastases at baseline and a further risk of central nervous system progression/relapse. Recently, a new generation of targeted agents, highly active in the central nervous system, has improved the control of intracranial disease. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2022 Jun 9;23(12). Epub 2022 Jun 9.

Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University Hospital of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)-secreting pituitary adenomas are rare tumors characterized by autonomous ACTH secretion with a consequent increase in circulating cortisol levels. The resulting clinical picture is called Cushing's disease (CD), a severe condition burdened with high morbidity and mortality. Apart from increased cortisol levels, CD patients exhibit a partial resistance to the negative glucocorticoid (GC) feedback, which is of paramount clinical utility, as the lack of suppression after dexamethasone administration is one of the mainstays for the differential diagnosis of CD. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 Jun 9;19(12). Epub 2022 Jun 9.

Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.

Background: Short- and long-term consequences after treatment for childhood fossa posterior tumors are extensively reported in the literature; however, papers highlighting physical function throughout rehabilitation and its correlation with Intelligence Quotient (IQ) are sparse. This study aims to describe the physical functioning and IQ of these survivors, their progression during rehabilitation, and the association with histopathological tumor classification. Additionally, the correlation between gross motor functioning and cognitive functioning was investigated. Read More

Brain Sci 2022 Jun 19;12(6). Epub 2022 Jun 19.

Institut de Diagnóstic per la Imatge (IDI), Department of Radiology, Hospital de Bellvitge, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.

Papillary tumor of the pineal region (PTPR) is an uncommon entity in which a presurgical suspicion may be crucial for patient management. Maximal safe neurosurgical resection is of choice when PTPR is suspected, whereas non-surgical approaches can be considered in other tumors of the pineal region, such as pineocytoma or concrete subtypes of germ-cell tumors. In general terms, imaging features of tumors of the pineal region have been reported to be unspecific. Read More

Biomolecules 2022 May 24;12(6). Epub 2022 May 24.

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.

A complex physiological culture medium (Plasmax) was introduced recently, composed of nutrients and metabolites at concentrations normally found in human plasma to mimic the in vivo environment for cell line cultivation. As glycosylation has been proved to be involved in cancer development, it is necessary to investigate the glycan expression changes in media with different nutrients. In this study, a breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231BR, and a brain cancer cell line, CRL-1620, were cultivated in Plasmax and commercial media to reveal cell line glycosylation discrepancies prompted by nutritional environments. Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2022 Jun 14;14(12). Epub 2022 Jun 14.

Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy.

Background: Stromal components surrounding epithelial cancer cells seem to play a pivotal role during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), tumor invasion, and metastases. To identify the molecular mechanisms underlying tumor-stroma interactions may yield novel therapeutic targets for prostate cancer.

Methods: Gene expression profile of prostate-cancer associated fibroblast (PCAF) and prostate non-cancer associated fibroblast (PNAF) cells isolated from radical prostatectomy was performed by Illumina, analyzed, and further processed by Ingenuity: IPA software. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2022 Jun 23;16(1):261. Epub 2022 Jun 23.

Department of Neurology, Al Assad Damascus University Hospital, Damascus, Syria.

Background: We report a rare case in medical literature of a patient with pineal gland teratoma and uncommon metastases. Usually, metastases of this kind of tumor are located in several organs such as lung and breast, but here we found metastases to the spinal cord and vertebrae.

Case Presentation: A 35-year-old Asian white man presented with diplopia and acute neural symptoms in the lower limbs such as numbness, tingling, and paralysis. Read More

BMC Med Genomics 2022 Jun 23;15(1):141. Epub 2022 Jun 23.

Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, No 185 Juqian Road, Tianning District, Changzhou, 213000, China.

Background: Targeted therapy has revolutionized the treatment of patients with malignancies harboring mutations in driver genes and has brought a favorable survival benefit to the population with actionable oncogenic mutations. In recent years, the MET exon14 skipping mutation has been recognized as a potentially promising therapeutic target in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). These changes are mutually exclusive with molecular drivers such as EGFR, KRAS, HER-2, BRAF, ALK and ROS1. Read More

Sci Rep 2022 Jun 23;12(1):10712. Epub 2022 Jun 23.

Department of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, South Korea.

We investigated the long-term clinical outcomes of patients who underwent multiple courses (≥ 5) of gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) due to recurrent brain metastases (BM) from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Between December 2001 and July 2019, consecutive 2571 patients underwent GKRS for BM from NSCLC. Clinical and radiological outcomes were investigated in 76 patients who underwent GKRS ≥ 5 times. Read More