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Indian J Pediatr 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.

The bowel is a challenging abdominal organ to image. The main reason is the variable location, convoluted morphology and motility. A variety of bowel disorders such as congenital, developmental, inflammatory, infectious and neoplastic lesions can affect children and most of them are either unique to this age group or have a distinct clinico-radiological appearance compared to adults. Read More

J Crohns Colitis 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Background: Transition programs are designed to prepare adolescent Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) patients for transfer to adult care. It is still unclear which outcome parameters define "successful transition". Therefore, this study aimed to identify outcomes important for success of transition in IBD. Read More

Prz Menopauzalny 2018 Dec 31;17(4):141-143. Epub 2018 Dec 31.

3 Chair and Department of Gynaecology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.

Uterine fibroids are considered to be the most common benign tumours in females. The vast majority of these tumours are incidental findings and do not require any treatment. Symptomatic fibroids, with ailments such as abnormal uterine bleeding, dysmenorrhoea, pelvic pain, impaired urination, bowel dysfunction, infertility, and recurrent pregnancy loss, are indicated for medical treatment. Read More

Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019 Feb 11. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Department of Abdominal Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.

Background: Although laparoscopic adhesiolysis for adhesive small bowel obstruction is being done more frequently, it is not widely accepted due to the lack of supporting evidence of its superiority over an open approach and concerns regarding its benefits. We aimed to investigate whether laparoscopic adhesiolysis was a superior treatment for adhesive small bowel obstruction compared with an open approach in terms of length of postoperative hospital stay and morbidity.

Methods: In this international, multicentre, parallel, open-label trial, we randomly assigned patients (1:1) aged 18-95 years who had adhesive small bowel obstruction that had not resolved with conservative management to have either open or laparoscopic adhesiolysis. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Feb 11. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Electronic address:

Background: Pneumoperitoneum after surgical manipulation of the abdomen implies a perforation. Rare cases of non-operated cancer patients, largely with gastrointestinal or genitourinary cancers, have been noted to have radiological findings of pneumatosis intestinalis and/or pneumoperitoneum as a complication of molecular-targeted therapy (MTT) without confounding factors for perforation. We present a patient with a cranial malignancy treated with bevacizumab who subsequently manifested with pneumatosis intestinalis. Read More

JAMA Oncol 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan.

Importance: Hypofractionated radiotherapy (HRT) would be more convenient for men with low-risk prostate cancer and cost less than conventional radiotherapy (CRT) as long as HRT is noninferior to CRT in terms of survival and quality of life (QOL) is not found to be worse.

Objective: To assess differences in QOL between men with low-risk prostate cancer who are treated with HRT vs CRT.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In this phase 3 randomized clinical trial, men with low-risk prostate cancer were enrolled from sites within the National Cancer Institute's National Clinical Trials Network in the United States, Canada, and Switzerland. Read More

J Vet Intern Med 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.

Protein-losing enteropathy, or PLE, is not a disease but a syndrome that develops in numerous disease states of differing etiologies and often involving the lymphatic system, such as lymphangiectasia and lymphangitis in dogs. The pathophysiology of lymphatic disease is incompletely understood, and the disease is challenging to manage. Understanding of PLE mechanisms requires knowledge of lymphatic system structure and function, which are reviewed here. Read More

Dis Colon Rectum 2019 Feb 8. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

S-SPIRE Center, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California.

Background: Sex-based treatment disparities occur in many diseases. Women undergo fewer procedural interventions, and their care is less consistent with guideline-based therapy. There is limited research exploring sex-based differences in ulcerative colitis treatment. Read More

BMC Gastroenterol 2019 Feb 13;19(1):30. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal & Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, H1T 1C8, Canada.

Background: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) with its high incidence and prevalence rates in Canada generates a heavy burden of tests and procedures. The purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of the transfer of information from physician to patient, as well as the patient understanding and perceptions about the tests and procedures that are ordered to them in the context of IBD diagnosis and monitoring.

Methods: An online questionnaire was completed by 210 IBD patients in Canada. Read More

Eur J Case Rep Intern Med 2017 24;4(6):000632. Epub 2017 May 24.

Infectious Diseases Department, Saint Joseph University, Faculty of Medicine/Hotel Dieu De France Hospital, Beyrouth, Lebanon.

Background: Mercury is a highly toxic environmental metal that exists in three different forms: elemental, inorganic and organic. Intoxication occurs in either occupational or non-occupational settings, mainly after the inhalation of vapour and fumes in work places, laboratories or homes. Chronic mercury toxicity ranges from mild and insignificant to severe and life-threatening. Read More

Biologicals 2019 Feb 9. Epub 2019 Feb 9.

Department of Gastroenterology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Limited data is available on vedolizumab combination therapies in real-world clinical practice. Here, we evaluated the concomitant corticosteroid, immunosuppressive, and 5-aminosalicylic acid utilization of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients treated with vedolizumab in a nationwide, retrospective, non-interventional, multi-centre chart review study. All adult patients from 27 Finnish gastroenterology centres with a diagnosis of Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) who had at least one vedolizumab infusion since it's availability in Finland were included in the study. Read More

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2019 Feb 7. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Ann Arbor, MI.

Objectives: Thiopurines, commonly used to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), cause lymphopenia and red blood cell macrocytosis, requiring therapeutic monitoring. Mean corpuscular volume/white blood cell (MCV/WBC) ratio has been proposed as a surrogate for therapeutic monitoring. Our aim was to investigate MCV/WBC ratio for assessing clinical response to thiopurines among pediatric IBD patients. Read More

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2019 Feb 7. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.

Very early onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD) represents a diagnostic and treatment challenge. Here we present a case of VEO-IBD secondary to a mutation in BIRC4 gene, which encodes X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), in a 17 month-old male with severe failure to thrive, intractable diarrhea and hepatosplenomegaly. Endoscopy and histology identified only mild duodenitis and ileitis, but severe pancolitis with crypt abscesses and epithelium apoptosis. Read More

Am J Gastroenterol 2018 Dec 20. Epub 2018 Dec 20.

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.

Small bowel bleeding accounts for 5-10% of gastrointestinal bleeding. With the advent of capsule endoscopy, device-assisted enteroscopy, and multiphase CT scanning, a small bowel source can now be found in many instances of what has previously been described as obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. We present a practical review on the evaluation and management of small bowel bleeding for the practicing clinician. Read More

Obes Surg 2019 Feb 11. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Department of Digestive and Metabolic Surgery, Avicenne University Hospital, Centre intégré Nord Francilien de la prise en charge de l'Obésité (CINFO), Université Paris XIII-UFR SMBH « Léonard de Vinci », 125 route de Stalingrad, 93000, Bobigny, France.

Background: Severe post-operative malnutrition (SM) is a dreaded complication after gastric bypass often related to the short bowel syndrome consecutive limb length mismeasurement or intestinal resections. Patients with rapid weight loss or malnutrition can experience liver failure with cirrhosis and require liver transplantation (LT). Malnutrition can constitute a contraindication to LT since it negatively impacts on postoperative morbidity. Read More

Minerva Gastroenterol Dietol 2019 Feb 11. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Lynda K. and David M. Underwood Center for Digestive Disorders, Houston Methodist Hospital and Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX, USA -

The pathogenesis of irritable bowel-type symptoms occurring in patients with inflammatory bowel disease who are in apparent remission continues to generate scientific controversy and the interpretation and management of these symptoms, so distressing to the sufferer, represent major challenges for the clinician. On the one hand, these symptoms often satisfy Rome IV criteria for IBS and their occurrence correlates highly with anxiety, a known trigger for IBS. On the other hand, recent studies have shown that many of these patients exhibit subtle inflammatory changes. Read More

Vet Med Sci 2019 Feb 11. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Department of Clinical Sciences, Mississippi State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA.

Diagnostic investigation and management of chronic diarrhoea in dogs can be cost-prohibitive to many owners. The objectives of this study were to evaluate evidence-based, individualised diagnostic and therapeutic protocols for management of dogs with chronic diarrhoea, where financial constraints dictate a budget-limited approach and where more expensive approaches are deferred until simple affordable protocols are unsuccessful. Twenty-two client-owned dogs with chronic (minimum 2 weeks duration) untreated small, large or mixed small/large bowel diarrhoea were enrolled in a budget-limited step-wise management protocol (maximum expenditure $300 over 6 weeks), with diagnostic testing and therapeutic trials managed in an individualised and evidence-based fashion. Read More

Dig Dis Sci 2019 Feb 12. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Department of Medicine, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR, USA.

Background And Aims: IBD patients with inadequately treated disease often relapse and require hospitalizations for further management. The purpose of this practice review was to determine whether personalized IBD care improved patient outcomes as measured by IBD-related hospitalizations.

Methods: A dedicated IBD clinic was created for personalized patient care in a tertiary veterans health care center in 2014. Read More

Front Pharmacol 2019 28;10:47. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Rheumatology Unit, Nuovo Regina Margherita Hospital, Rome, Italy.

Spondyloarthritis (SpA) and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic inflammatory diseases characterized by an aberrant immune response and inflammation with a key role for TNF in their pathogenesis. Accordingly, TNF-inhibiting therapy (TNFi) has dramatically improved the management of these diseases. However, about 30% of patients discontinue TNFi for lack of response, loss of response, and side effects and/or adverse events. Read More

Indian J Anaesth 2019 Jan;63(1):26-30

Department of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain, Tata Medical Center, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.

Background And Aims: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol in colorectal surgery has been shown to result in reduced rates of postoperative complications and length of stay (LOS) in the hospital. Although there is clear guideline and evidences available, their implementation into daily clinical practice faces some difficulties. We aimed to audit the existing practice of perioperative care in colorectal surgeries and find out the adherence to ERAS protocol. Read More

J Visc Surg 2019 Feb 8. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.

Background: Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) is associated with a mortality of 60-80%. Early diagnosis and rapid treatment have a decisive influence on therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of AMI markers on mortality, in order to better anticipate the clinical course and to initiate therapeutic steps at an early stage. Read More

Aust Crit Care 2019 Feb 7. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Intensive Care Service, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Missenden Road, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Missenden Road, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia. Electronic address:

Background: Management of gut function in the intensive care unit (ICU) is often protocol-driven. Protocols for enteral feeding or bowel management are based on assumptions about what is 'normal' gastrointestinal motility during critical illness or in the early postoperative period, although 'normal' has not been well described in this group.

Objectives: This study aimed to describe aspects of gut function based on an audit of current ICU patients. Read More

Arch Esp Urol 2019 Jan;72(1):45-53

Hospital Materno Infantil Teresa Herrera. A Coruña. España.

Objectives: Between 7-10% of schoolagechildren are seen by specialists for non-neurogeniclower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD). The objective ofour study is to classify these functional alterations in difused for the diagnosis and treatment in each pattern.

Material And Methods: We reviewed patients referredto our Urodynamic Unit for suspected LUTD for3 years; We reviewed epidemiological data, supplementarytest and treatments. Read More

Trauma Surg Acute Care Open 2019 24;4(1):e000243. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

A 57-year-old woman with morbid obesity (body mass index [BMI] of 43), systemic lupus on steroids, type 2 insulin-dependent diabetes, peripheral vascular disease, unprovoked pulmonary embolism on rivaroxaban, and hypertension presented with 3 days of worsening abdominal pain and nausea. She had an extensive surgical history including a cesarean section, multiple laparotomies for small bowel obstructions (one complicated by bowel perforation requiring resection), and a double-barrelled ileostomy, which had been since reversed. As a result, she had a massive incisional hernia (figure 1). Read More

J Surg Case Rep 2019 Jan 31;2019(1):rjz005. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Saint Vincent Hospital, Erie, PA, USA.

Cases of small bowel diverticulitis, excluding Meckel's diverticulitis, are rare. Small bowel diverticular disease has been reported in approximately 0.3-1. Read More

Intest Res 2019 Feb 12. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, USA.

Background/aims: : Optimal management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with concomitant Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is controversial, especially when CDI diagnosis is made by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing, which may reflect colonization without infection.

Methods: We performed a multicenter review of all inpatients with IBD and PCR diagnosed CDI. Outcomes included length of stay, 30- and 90-day readmission, colectomy during admission and within 3 months, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, CDI relapse and death for patients who received CS after CDI diagnosis versus those that did not. Read More

Gastrointest Endosc 2019 Feb 6. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

University of Chicago Medicine, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Chicago, IL, USA.

Background And Aims: It is standard of care to perform ileocolonoscopy within a year of ileocolonic resection for Crohn's disease (CD) and to guide management decisions based on the Rutgeert score (RS). The modified RS subdivides i2 into lesions confined to the anastomosis (i2a) or >5 aphthous lesions in the neoterminal ileum (i2b). There is uncertainty, however, if i2a lesions incur an increased risk of disease recurrence. Read More

Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2019 Feb 8. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

ADEN group EA 4311, Rouen University, France.

Background: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are characterized by flares repetition and remission periods leading to chronic post-inflammatory sequels. Among them, one third of IBD patients are suffering from persisting functional symptoms or psychological comorbidities during remission. Our study aimed to assess functional and behavioral sequels of chronic colitis in rats with quiescent intestinal inflammation. Read More

Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2019 Feb 8. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.

Background: Biological therapy is currently widely used to treat IBD. Infliximab, adalimumab and golimumab are currently licensed anti-TNF therapies. Biosimilar anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies are increasingly used. Read More

J Surg Oncol 2019 Feb 7. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Department of Cutaneous Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida.

Background: Increased cross-sectional imaging for surveillance of metastatic melanoma has led to more diagnoses of asymptomatic intussusception.

Methods: We performed a multi-institutional retrospective review of patient records with a history of metastatic melanoma and a diagnosis of intussusception. Patients were divided into three groups: 1) asymptomatic patients without current evidence of melanoma (no evidence of disease [NED]); 2) asymptomatic intussusception and known active metastatic melanoma; 3) symptomatic intussusception and known active metastatic melanoma; the number of patients requiring surgery and intraoperative findings were recorded. Read More

Inflamm Intest Dis 2018 Dec 12;3(2):100-106. Epub 2018 Jul 12.

Department of Internal Medicine, Keiyu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.

Background/summary: Acute colonic diverticular hemorrhage (CDH) represents a significant challenge for gastroenterologists. There are some clinical problems in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of CDH. CDH is the most common cause of overt lower gastrointestinal bleeding in adults in Eastern and Western countries. Read More

Gastroenterol Res Pract 2019 13;2019:3012509. Epub 2019 Jan 13.

Department of Internal Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi 700111, Romania.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) refers to a group of chronic inflammatory diseases that targets mainly the gastrointestinal tract. The clinical presentation of IBD includes both gastrointestinal manifestations and extraintestinal manifestations (EIM). The reported cardiovascular manifestations in IBD patients include pericarditis, myocarditis, venous and arterial thromboembolism, arrhythmias, atrioventricular block, heart failure, endocarditis, valvulopathies, and Takayasu arteritis. Read More

Am J Gastroenterol 2019 Feb;114(2):305-314

Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Objectives: National societies provide little guidance regarding which colonoscopy bowel preps are best tolerated and most effective; this reflects a lack of comparative effectiveness studies that directly evaluate the available preps in a "real-world" setting. To address this gap, we conducted a prospective, commercially unfunded comparative effectiveness study of currently available bowel preps and measured their impact on bowel cleansing.

Methods: We included patients aged ≥18 years, who presented for an outpatient colonoscopy at a large medical center serving more than 70 academic and community-based endoscopists who are free to prescribe the bowel prep of their choice. Read More

Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2019 Feb 7;163. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Ikazia Ziekenhuis, afd. Gynaecologie en Verloskunde, Rotterdam.

Background: Acute pseudo-obstruction of the colon - also known as Ogilvie's syndrome - is a rare clinical presentation in obstetrics. The syndrome is seen more often following caesarean section than vaginal delivery.

Case Description: We present a 38-year-old primigravida who developed Ogilvie's syndrome following secondary caesarean section. Read More

J Clin Gastroenterol 2019 Feb 5. Epub 2019 Feb 5.

Pain Management Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health.

This systematic review summarises evidence assessing endogenous pain inhibition in people with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) compared with healthy controls using conditioned pain modulation (CPM) and offset analgesia (OA). Evidence regarding the role of psychological variables is also examined. The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Read More

Pediatr Surg Int 2019 Feb 7. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden.

Purpose: The aim was to investigate the quality of life and bowel function in children with low anorectal malformations (ARM).

Additional Aim: To evaluate the Swedish version the Hirschsprung's Disease/Anorectal Malformation Quality of life Questionnaire (HAQL).

Methods: Forty-four children and their parents were invited to complete the HAQL and the Bowel Function Score (BFS). Read More

Biomed Res Int 2019 8;2019:8310583. Epub 2019 Jan 8.

Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary.

Aim: To evaluate tear film parameters and relationship of objective clinical signs and subjective symptoms of dry eye disease (DED) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) subgroups.

Methods: 39 patients with Crohn's disease (CD), 26 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), and 39 control persons with no ocular symptoms or surface disorders were included in this prospective, case-control, and cross-sectional study. The ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire was applied to evaluate dry eye symptoms, and objective tests of DED were performed on both eyes of each subject. Read More

Gastroenterol Res Pract 2019 9;2019:7674946. Epub 2019 Jan 9.

Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

Background: Many patients with Crohn's disease (CD) require surgery in their life. Their future outlook is crucial to psychological and mental health after surgery. This study is aimed at assessing CD patient's outlook after experiencing bowel resection and determining factors associated with patient's outlook. Read More

J Crohns Colitis 2019 Feb 6. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

University of Chicago Medicine, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Chicago, IL, USA.

Background & Aims: Options for medical management of patients with acute severe colitis (ASC) failing IV steroids are limited and include rescue therapy with either infliximab or ciclosporin. In patients failing infliximab, second-line rescue therapy with ciclosporin is an alternative. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of ciclosporin in patients with steroid-refractory ASC failing first-line rescue therapy with infliximab. Read More

Dig Dis 2019 Feb 6:1-18. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

University Hospital Leuven, Leuven,

Background: The authors aimed to conduct an extensive literature review and consensus meeting to identify unmet needs in ulcerative colitis (UC) and ways to overcome them. UC is a relapsing and remitting inflammatory bowel disease with varied, and changing, incidence rates worldwide. UC has an unpredictable disease course and is associated with a high health economic burden. Read More

J Crohns Colitis 2019 Feb 5. Epub 2019 Feb 5.

Royal Adelaide Hospital.

Background And Aims: Inflammatory Bowel Disease is associated with psychosocial issues which reduce quality of life and impair medical management. However, these issues are rarely addressed in routine care. A model of integrated psychological screening and intervention was trialled to measure prevalence, patient participation, and potential benefits to mental health and/or quality of life. Read More

Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2019 Feb 4. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

Chair of Neymark Departmental Surgery and Hospital Surgery, Altai State Medical University, Prospect Lenina 40, Barnaul, Altai Krai, 656038, Russia.

Background: Postoperative peritonitis still remains the cause of a high mortality rate in emergency abdominal surgery. Here we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of different surgical strategies for small-bowel perforations that resulted in postoperative peritonitis.

Methods: Surgical management results for 140 patients with postoperative peritonitis due to small-bowel perforations, necrosis and anastomotic leakage were comparatively analyzed. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2019 Jan 29;55:84-87. Epub 2019 Jan 29.

Department of Surgery, Kendall Regional Medical Center, Miami, FL, United States; Department of Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States.

Introduction: Body packing is the use of intra-corporeal packages of illicit drugs for the purpose of smuggling, usually through customs. Clinical cases and experience with body packers has increased since the first report appeared in 1971. These cases remain an uncommon cause of acute drug toxicity and/or bowel obstruction. Read More

Inflamm Bowel Dis 2019 Feb 4. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

Division of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Background: Recent studies have shown that oral combination antibiotics may improve disease course in refractory inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Here, we describe the use of combination oral antibiotics as salvage therapy in refractory ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn's colitis, and IBD-unclassified (IBD-U) at a large pediatric IBD center.

Methods: Clinical response, disease activity indices, adverse events, and clinical outcomes were measured up to 1 year after antibiotic treatment in this retrospective cohort study of children with medically refractory IBD colitis. Read More

JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2019 Feb 4. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia.

Background: There are limited management options available for people with Type III intestinal failure (IF), with home parenteral nutrition (HPN) being the main treatment option. The aim of this research is to compare patient preferences in managing Type III IF using time trade-off (TTO) methodology and to determine which factors have the greatest impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Methods: An interviewer-administered telephone survey was conducted on a cross-sectional cohort of 19 HPN participants. Read More

Int J Urol 2019 Feb 1. Epub 2019 Feb 1.

Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.

Objectives: To describe the complications and their surgical management after laparoscopic radical cystectomy in a Japanese multicenter cohort.

Methods: The participants were drawn from a retrospective multicenter study at 10 institutions. We identified 436 patients who underwent laparoscopic radical cystectomy with no robot assistance. Read More

Appl Environ Microbiol 2019 Feb 1. Epub 2019 Feb 1.

Microbiology Research Unit, Finnish Food Safety Authority Evira, Helsinki, Finland

Shiga toxin-producing (STEC) and are notable health hazards associated with the consumption of raw milk. These bacteria may colonize the intestines of asymptomatic cattle and enter bulk tank milk via fecal contamination during milking.We studied the frequency of STEC O157:H7 and contamination in tank milk (n=785) and the in-line milk filters of milking machines (n=631) versus isolation from cattle feces (n=257) on three Finnish dairy farms for one year. Read More

Colorectal Dis 2019 Jan 31. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Department of Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.

Background: Many surgeons consider total proctectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis as the treatment of choice for patients with medically refractory ulcerative colitis (UC) or UC with dysplasia. However, obstruction occurring at the pouch inlet or involving the afferent limb can be refractory to nonoperative or endoscopic management. Historically, these refractory obstructions have usually required resection of the pouch. Read More