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Gastroenterology 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801. Electronic address:

Background & Aims: The nuclear receptor subfamily 0 group B member 2 (NR0B2, also called SHP) is expressed at high levels in liver and intestine. Postprandial fibroblast growth factor 19 (human FGF19, mouse FGF15) signaling increases the transcriptional activity of SHP. We studied the functions of SHP and FGF19 in intestines of mice, including their regulation of expression of the cholesterol transporter NPC1-like intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 (NPC1L1) and cholesterol absorption. Read More

Clin Chim Acta 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Expert Center Clinical Chemistry Eindhoven, Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Clinical Laboratory, Máxima Medical Center, Veldhoven, the Netherlands.

Treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases and rheumatic disorders with anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) drugs is expensive, while a significant proportion of patients does not show adequate clinical response. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) enables patient-specific anti-TNFα therapy. The role of laboratory tests in clinical care has recently been described in a value proposition framework. Read More

Folia Med Cracov 2018 ;58(3):83-87

Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Veria, Veria, Greece.

Meckel's diverticulum represents a remnant of the proximal end of the omphalomesenteric duct, which constitutes a connection between the middle intestine and the vitelline vesicle. It is the most common congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract and is found in approximately 0.3-2% of the general population. Read More

Int Braz J Urol 2018 Oct 20;44. Epub 2018 Oct 20.

Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain.

Introduction: Endometriosis consists in the proliferation of endometrial tissue outside of the uterine cavity, predominantly in the ovaries but also in the urinary bladder or bowel. About 10% of fertile women are affected and the main symptoms are pain, menstrual disorders and infertility. Surgery is the treatment option for those symptomatic patients in which medical treatment had no success. Read More

J Crohns Colitis 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

IBD Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.

Intestinal fibrosis is an inevitable complication in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), occurring in its two major clinical manifestations: ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Fibrosis represents the final outcome of the host reaction to persistent inflammation which triggers a prolonged wound healing response resulting in the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix, eventually leading to intestinal dysfunction. The process of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) represents an embryonic program relaunched during wound healing, fibrosis and cancer. Read More

Clin Spine Surg 2018 Dec 4. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.

Study Design: This is a retrospective case series.

Objective: Define the anatomic variations and the risk factors for such within the operative corridor of the transpsoas lateral interbody fusion.

Summary Of Background Data: The lateral interbody fusion approach has recently been associated with devastating complications such as injury to the lumbosacral plexus, surrounding vasculature, and bowel. Read More

J Comp Neurol 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

College of Medicine and Public Health & Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders University, Australia.

Normal gut function relies on the activity of the enteric nervous system (ENS) found within the wall of the gastrointestinal tract. The structural and functional organisation of the ENS has been extensively studied in the guinea pig small intestine, but less is known about colonic circuitry. Given that there are significant differences between these regions in function, observed motor patterns and pathology, it would be valuable to have a better understanding of the colonic ENS. Read More

Methods Mol Biol 2019 ;1888:141-152

Department of Molecular Sciences, ARC Training Centre for Molecular Technology in the Food Industry, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.

This chapter provides a detailed description for mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics analysis. We describe sample preparation, phosphopeptide enrichment, mass spectrometry acquisition, label-free data analysis and statistical analysis. This technique can be employed to characterize cell signaling networks, and is particularly useful to monitor cellular responses to kinase drug inhibitors. Read More

Dig Dis Sci 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Wearn 244, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.

Background And Aims: Most carcinoid tumors of the gastrointestinal tract are located in the small bowel (SB). Epidemiological studies of these tumors have been limited by small sample sizes. Our aim was to evaluate the epidemiology of SB carcinoids (SBCs) using a large database. Read More

Int J Colorectal Dis 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Larissa, Mezourlo, 41110, Larissa, Greece.

Purpose: A meta-analysis of RCTs was designed to provide an up-to-date comparison of thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) and patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) in laparoscopic colectomy.

Methods: Our study was completed following the PRISMA guidelines and the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. A systematic literature screening was performed in MEDLINE and Web of Science. Read More

J Gastroenterol 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita-15, Nishi-7 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan.

Background: Transabdominal ultrasonography (US) has been reported to be a useful tool for evaluating ulcerative colitis (UC) although with less well-established data than for Crohn's disease. This prospective multicenter study aimed to establish the usefulness of US compared with colonoscopy (CS) for assessing disease extent and activity of UC.

Methods: Altogether, 173 patients with UC were prospectively enrolled, among whom 156 were eligible for this study. Read More

J Clin Aesthet Dermatol 2018 Oct 1;11(10):17-23. Epub 2018 Oct 1.

Drs. Vinkel and Thomsen are with the Department of Dermatology at Bispebjerg Hospital in Copenhagen, Denmark.

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), a relatively common and chronic inflammatory skin disorder. HS can have debilitating consequences if not diagnosed and treated appropriately. Clinically defined by recurrent, inflamed nodules in intertriginous regions (i. Read More

Gut Pathog 2018 29;10:49. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

7Physics Department, Boston University, Boston, USA.

Background: The role of microbiota in Crohn's disease (CD) is increasingly recognized. However, most of the reports are from Western populations. Considering the possible variation from other populations, the aim of this study was to describe the microbiota profile in children with CD in Saudi Arabia, a non-Western developing country population. Read More

Front Immunol 2018 16;9:2583. Epub 2018 Nov 16.

Department of Gastroenterology, Bethune First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.

Systemic Epstein-Barr virus-positive T-cell lymphoproliferative childhood disease (EBV+ T-LPD) is extremely rare. Primary acute or chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection triggers EBV+ T-LPD's onset and the disease involves clonal proliferation of infected T-cells with activated cytotoxic phenotype. The adult-onset EBV+ T-LPD (ASEBV+ T-LPD) is even rarer and needs to be extensively studied. Read More

Clin Epidemiol 2018 8;10:1613-1626. Epub 2018 Nov 8.

Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Background And Aims: Canada's large geographic area and low population density pose challenges in access to specialized health care for remote and rural residents. We compared health services use, surgical rate, and specialist gastroenterologist care in rural and urban inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients in Canada.

Methods: We used validated algorithms that were applied to population-based health administrative data to identify all people living with the following three Canadian provinces: Alberta, Manitoba, and Ontario (ON). Read More

Cell Death Dis 2018 Dec 5;9(12):1173. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, No. 301 Middle Yan' Chang Road, 200072, Shanghai, P. R. China.

Mast cells (MCs) are potent tissue-resident immune cells that are distributed in the intraepithelial space of the intestine and have been implicated in regulating immune homeostasis and coordinating epithelial responses in inflamed mucosa of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IL-33 functions as an endogenous danger signal or alarmin in inflamed intestine segments. MCs highly express the IL-33 receptor ST2. Read More

Gut 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Cancer Imaging 2018 Dec 5;18(1):46. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, 430030, China.

Background: To explore whether volumetric CT texture analysis (CTTA) can serve as a potential imaging biomarker for risk stratification of small bowel gastrointestinal stromal tumors (small bowel-GISTs).

Methods: A total of 90 patients with small bowel-GISTs were retrospectively reviewed, of these, 26 were rated as high risk, 13 as intermediate risk, and 51 as low or very low risk. Histogram parameters extracted from CT images were compared among small bowel-GISTs with different risk levels by using one-way analysis of variance. Read More

Colorectal Dis 2018 Dec;20 Suppl 8:3-117

Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.

Aim: There is a requirement of an expansive and up to date review of surgical management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that can dovetail with the medical guidelines produced by the British Society of Gastroenterology.

Methods: Surgeons who are members of the ACPGBI with a recognised interest in IBD were invited to contribute various sections of the guidelines. They were directed to produce a procedure based document using literature searches that were systematic, comprehensible, transparent and reproducible. Read More

PLoS Comput Biol 2018 Dec 3;14(12):e1006628. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Physics, Institute of Molecular Biology, Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, United States of America.

Three-dimensional microscopy is increasingly prevalent in biology due to the development of techniques such as multiphoton, spinning disk confocal, and light sheet fluorescence microscopies. These methods enable unprecedented studies of life at the microscale, but bring with them larger and more complex datasets. New image processing techniques are therefore called for to analyze the resulting images in an accurate and efficient manner. Read More

J Vis Exp 2018 Nov 17(141). Epub 2018 Nov 17.

The Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, King's College London; The Francis Crick Institute;

The gut microbiota has a central influence on human health. Microbial dysbiosis is associated with many common immunopathologies such as inflammatory bowel disease, asthma and arthritis. Thus, understanding the mechanisms underlying microbiota-immune system crosstalk is of crucial importance. Read More

J Pediatr Rehabil Med 2018 Nov 19. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

Colorectal and Pelvic Malformations Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Spina bifida is a birth defect that commonly causes bowel and bladder dysfunction in children with a significant negative impact on quality of life and emotional wellbeing. Fecal continence improves satisfaction and the quality of life of both children and their caretakers. Bowel management in children with spina bifida is hampered by limited controlled studies and variable practice within different institutions and subspecialists. Read More

J Pediatr Rehabil Med 2018 Nov 18. Epub 2018 Nov 18.

Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.

Purpose: To increase knowledge about pain and general health in adults with myelomeningocele, a health condition with several risk factors for pain such as musculoskeletal deformities, shunt dysfunctions, bowel problems, and urinary tract infections/stones.

Methods: Descriptive correlational pilot study (N= 51, 53% males). Chi-square tests were used to test associations among presence, impact, severity, and pain site in relation to sex and age. Read More

J Am Geriatr Soc 2018 Dec 2. Epub 2018 Dec 2.

Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio.

Background/objectives: Over a million older patients in the United States are admitted yearly for emergency general surgery (EGS) conditions. Seven procedure types dominate: colon, small bowel, gallbladder, ulcer disease, adhesiolysis, appendix, and laparotomy operations. A higher comorbidity burden is known to increase mortality in this population, but the impact of specific comorbidity combinations is unknown. Read More

Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2018 Dec 2. Epub 2018 Dec 2.

Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Background: Although a higher risk of other immune-mediated diseases has been reported in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, the risk factors of immune-mediated diseases development and the effect of concomitant immune-mediated diseases on outcomes remain poorly defined.

Aim: To determine the risk factors of incident immune-mediated diseases and the impact of comorbid immune-mediated diseases on outcomes in IBD.

Methods: Using the National Health Insurance claims data for the entire Korean population, we identified 35 581 IBD patients without immune-mediated diseases and 595 IBD patients with immune-mediated diseases from 2012 to 2013, and follow-up until 2016. Read More

J Med Radiat Sci 2018 Dec;65(4):250-251

Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.

This editorial is discussing about the indiscriminate use of abdominal radiographs in the emergency department in general, with focus on value of the erect abdominal radiograph for the diagnosis of mechanical bowel obstruction and paralytic ileus. Read More

Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018 Nov;21(11):1274-1279

Ward III Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Shanghai 200025,

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of reoperation patients with postoperative recurrence or metastasis of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST).

Methods: A retrospective case-control study was performed on the clinical data of 31 patients with GIST who had recurrence or metastasis after the first surgery and underwent one or more operations again from February 2003 to January 2016 at Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine. The clinical characteristics of these patients were analyzed. Read More

Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018 Nov;21(11):1233-1239

Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and feasibility of neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior elective surgery following self-expanding metallic stents (SEMS) for complete obstructive left hemicolon cancer.

Methods: This prospective, multicenter, open-labelled trial was approved by the Ethics Committee of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University(2016-ke-161-1) and registered in Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02972541). Read More

Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018 Nov;21(11):1206-1211

Department of Oncology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Haerbin 154000, China.Email:

Malignant acute abdomen is an acute abdominal disease caused by abdominal and extra-abdominal malignant tumors or secondary to various treatments for tumors, and belongs to the category of oncologic emergencies. Malignant acute abdomen includes perforation, bowel obstruction, infection and bleeding, etc. Most of the malignant acute abdomen is urgent and critical. Read More

Methods Mol Biol 2019 ;1887:175-187

Department of Food Management, Miyagi University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is related to human inflammation. Therefore, in the probiotics research field, controlling the mechanisms of LPS neutralization and elimination of inflammation of human intestines are important. This chapter presents a description of the identification of LPS elimination protein (LEP) in lactic acid bacteria (LAB), cloning of its protein, and its expression. Read More

Methods Mol Biol 2019 ;1887:167-174

Department of Food Management, Miyagi University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can improve human intraintestinal conditions. One reason is that ingestion of LAB prevents bacterial diarrhea. Furthermore, inflammation of human intestines can be caused by a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) component in the cell walls of gram-negative bacteria. Read More

Methods Mol Biol 2019 ;1885:221-231

Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited disease characterized by the accumulation of thick, sticky mucus which damages epithelia in organs such as the lungs, pancreas, liver, intestines, and other parts of the body. The most common symptoms are sinopulmonary disease and chronic gastrointestinal tract problems resulting from decreased mucociliary clearance and inflammation. CF is the most common life-limiting autosomal recessive disorder in people of northern European ancestry and it affects other populations with different prevalence. Read More

J Belg Soc Radiol 2017 Nov 18;101(Suppl 1). Epub 2017 Nov 18.

Hôpitaux Iris et Iris Sud, BE.

Recent improvements in fetal therapies and perinatal care and the multidisciplinary involvement in fetal medicine have increased the demand for more accurate prenatal diagnosis. Fetal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a complementary imaging technique for the assessment of thoraco-abdominal anomalies for which Ultrasonography (US) is not conclusive. It is indicated in selected situations to precise the prognosis in diaphragmatic hernia, to characterise the nature and extension of a pulmonary malformation, to locate a bowel atresia or to better depict an abdominal cystic lesion or tumoural extension. Read More

Inflamm Intest Dis 2018 Nov 4;3(1):40-42. Epub 2018 Oct 4.

Department of Biostatistics, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, New York, USA.

Objective: To seek the habits of pediatricians by which anorectal skin tags (AST) of Crohn's disease might be overlooked.

Methods: Questionnaires were sent to pediatricians affiliated with the Northwell Health System.

Results: Based on the responses, the majority of pediatricians did feel the abdomen of children presenting with abdominal pain or diarrhea but did not spread the buttocks to seek the presence of AST unless there was rectal pain, rectal bleeding, or, in some cases, loose stools. Read More

Inflamm Intest Dis 2018 Nov 17;3(1):32-39. Epub 2018 Sep 17.

Department of Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.

Background: The aim of this study was to describe the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and changes in demographic and phenotypic disease presentation in Otago, New Zealand.

Methods: This study was conducted at Dunedin Hospital and the study period was 1996-2013. Otago residents diagnosed with IBD were identified retrospectively from hospital lists using ICD-10 codes. Read More

Inflamm Intest Dis 2018 Nov 5;3(1):25-31. Epub 2018 Oct 5.

Center for Advanced IBD Research and Treatment, Kitasato University Kitasato Institute Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), though historically common in the West, is now increasingly prevalent in industrializing countries. A simultaneous dramatic increase in IBD drug options has enabled most patients to achieve remission. Nevertheless, worldwide disparities in the approval of IBD drugs, or "drug lag", remain problematic. Read More

Inflamm Intest Dis 2018 Nov 12;3(1):11-15. Epub 2018 Jul 12.

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.

Background: Patients with moderate-severe inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are commonly treated with long-term immunosuppressive therapies involving immunomodulators such as thiopurines, biologics (anti-TNF and anti-adhesion molecules), or novel small molecules such as Janus kinase inhibitors.

Summary: Some infections seen with immunosuppressive therapy in IBD are preventable with vaccines. IBD-specific immunosuppressive therapy is generally initiated by gastroenterologists. Read More

Inflamm Intest Dis 2018 Nov 17;3(1):1-10. Epub 2018 Jul 17.

Center for Advanced IBD Research and Treatment, Kitasato University Kitasato Institute Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients with immunocompromise have a high risk of developing complications related to viral infections. Western countries were the first to formulate vaccine guideline. Asian countries developed their national and international vaccine guidelines a little later in order to reduce the risk of mortality from viral infections. Read More

Urol Case Rep 2019 Mar 15;23:10-12. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

Department of Surgery - Division of Urology, 1 Hospital Drive, MC 301E, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.

A 61-year-old male presented with gross hematuria and transurethral resection of bladder tumor revealed inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT). Due to extent of disease leading to ureteral obstruction and hydronephrosis, radical cystectomy (RC) with ileal conduit urinary diversion was performed. Five months after RC, the patient presented with decreased urine output. Read More

J Gastrointest Oncol 2018 Oct;9(5):962-971

Department of Radiation Oncology, Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA.

Despite the conformality of modern X-ray therapy limiting high dose received by normal tissues the physical properties of X-rays make it impossible to avoid dose being delivered distal to the target. This "exit dose" is likely clinically significant especially for patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancers when considering that even low dose received by the heart, lungs, bowel, and other radiosensitive structures can lead to morbidity and even may affect long-term tumor control. In contrast, proton beam therapy (PBT) delivers no "exit dose" and a growing body of literature suggests that this may improve clinical outcomes by reducing toxicity and even allowing for safe dose intensification to enhance tumor control. Read More

J Gastrointest Oncol 2018 Oct;9(5):953-961

University of Tennessee Medical Center, Knoxville, TN, USA.

Background: Early ambulation after surgery is demonstrated to reduce complications and decreases patient length of stay (LOS) as part of an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) program. This study hypothesizes that missed and refused ambulation attempts prolong patient LOS.

Methods: From January 2014 to December 2016, all patients admitted to one ward who had undergone bowel resection surgery were assigned a dedicated ambulation team with the goal of ambulating 3 times per day. Read More

J Gastrointest Oncol 2018 Oct;9(5):785-790

Division of Colorectal Surgery, University Surgical Cluster, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.

Background: It remains contentious whether endoscopic stenting or upfront surgery is more optimal in patients with metastatic colorectal cancers presenting with large bowel obstruction.

Methods: A retrospective review of all patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who underwent either endoscopic stenting or emergency surgery for acute large bowel obstruction was performed.

Results: Between January 2007 and June 2014, 66 patients, median age, 64 (range, 25-96) years, presented with acute large bowel obstruction from metastatic colorectal cancer. Read More

J Ther Ultrasound 2018 28;6:10. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

1Medical Imaging Centre of Southwest Finland, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.

Background: Magnetic resonance guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (MR-HIFU) therapy is not feasible in all patients with uterine fibroids because of limiting anatomical factors such as scar tissue, bowel loops or other obstacles in the sonication path. These may prevent the treatment or limit the treatment window, and therefore, also the volume where HIFU therapy can be delivered. Bowel loops present a particular problem because of bowel gas bubbles and hard particles which may cause reflection or absorption of ultrasound energy, potentially leading to thermal damage and even bowel perforation. Read More

Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2018 Dec 13;36:185-190. Epub 2018 Nov 13.

Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.

Background: Postoperative intra-abdominal adhesion formation is a common cause of small bowel obstruction (SBO). Adhesions causing SBO are classed as either matted adhesions or solitary band adhesions. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of previous abdominal surgery in a cohort of patients operated for bowel obstruction and to analyze the causes of obstruction discovered at surgery. Read More

Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2018 Dec 25;36:178-184. Epub 2018 Sep 25.

Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Gondar College of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.

Background: Emergency laparotomy is a high risk procedure which is demonstrated by high morbidity and mortality. However, the problem is tremendous in resource limited settings and there is limited data on patient outcome. We aimed to assess postoperative patient outcome after emergency laparotomy and associated factors. Read More

Sci Rep 2018 Nov 30;8(1):17503. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.

The DNA sequence of the two human mucin genes MUC2 and MUC6 have not been completely resolved due to the repetitive nature of their central exon coding for Proline, Threonine and Serine rich sequences. The exact nucleotide sequence of these exons has remained unknown for a long time due to limitations in traditional sequencing techniques. These are still very poorly covered in new whole genome sequencing projects with the corresponding protein sequences partly missing. Read More

J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018 Nov 23. Epub 2018 Nov 23.

Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and KingChulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross, Bangkok, Thailand.

The management of dyspepsia in limited-resource areas has not been established. In 2017, key opinion leaders throughout Thailand gathered to review and evaluate the current clinical evidence regarding dyspepsia and to develop consensus statements, rationales, levels of evidence, and grades of recommendation for dyspepsia management in daily clinical practice based on the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. This guideline is mainly focused on the following four topics: (1) evaluation of patients with dyspepsia, (2) management, (3) special issues (overlapping gastroesophageal reflux disease/irritable bowel syndrome and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug/aspirin use), and (4) long-term follow-up and management to provide guidance for physicians in Thailand and other limited-resource areas managing such patients. Read More

J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018 Nov 19. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, New Zealand.

Post-operative ileus (POI) is an inevitable consequence of major abdominal surgery, and may be prolonged in up to 30% of patients. Ileus is commonly presumed to result from paralysis of the GI tract, though there is little direct evidence to support this view. The aim of this review is to systematically search and critically review the literature investigating post-operative colonic electrical and mechanical activity. Read More

Dis Model Mech 2018 Nov 28;11(12). Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York 13902, USA

Increased intestinal barrier permeability has been correlated with aging and disease, including type 2 diabetes, Crohn's disease, celiac disease, multiple sclerosis and irritable bowel syndrome. The prevalence of these ailments has risen together with an increase in industrial food processing and food additive consumption. Additives, including sugar, metal oxide nanoparticles, surfactants and sodium chloride, have all been suggested to increase intestinal permeability. Read More