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J Urol 2019 Apr 8:10109701JU000055776234778a0. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Eur J Neurol 2019 Mar 12. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.

Background And Purpose: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is an extremely painful condition which can be difficult to diagnose and treat. In Europe, TN patients are managed by many different specialities. Therefore, there is a great need for comprehensive European guidelines for the management of TN. Read More

Tech Coloproctol 2019 Feb 16. Epub 2019 Feb 16.

Department of Anorectal Surgery, Proctos Clinic, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.

Background: Anorectal pain is a symptom which may have both structural and functional causes, and can, sometimes, develop into a chronic pain syndrome. Functional causes in particular are challenging to treat when conservative treatment measures fail. Botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) can be applied to relax the anal sphincter and/or levator ani muscle to break the vicious circle of pain and contraction. Read More

Pediatr Dermatol 2019 Mar 10;36(2):223-226. Epub 2019 Feb 10.

Pediatric Dermatology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona.

Parry-Romberg syndrome (PRS) is characterized by hemiatrophy of facial structures, including skin, subcutaneous fat, muscle, bone, and cartilage. Complications associated with PRS include headaches, seizures, and chronic facial pain. Protocol for the treatment of chronic facial pain is not clear; reports on the use of botulinum toxin A injections for pain reduction in adults but not in the pediatric/adolescent population are available. Read More

J Oral Facial Pain Headache 2019 Feb 6. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

Aims: To examine the analgesic effect, safety, and tolerability of intraoral administration of onabotulinum toxin A (BoNT/A) in patients suffering from intractable continuous dentoalveolar neuropathic pain.

Methods: Eight patients (six women and two men) of ages ranging from 21 to 73 years (mean [standard deviation] 52.4 [16. Read More

Asian J Transfus Sci 2018 Jul-Dec;12(2):105-111

Department of Transfusion Medicine, PGIMER, Chandigargh, India.

Background: Plantar fasciitis (PF) a common chronic musculoskeletal pain routinely diagnosed and treated in rehabilitation practices. When conservative management fails in this degenerative disease, local injections of corticosteroids, platelet rich plasma (PRP), botulinum toxin, extracorporeal shockwave therapy, surgical release are used. In our prospective randomized pilot study we compared the regenerative efficacy of Platelet Rich Plasma vs Kinesiotaping with phonophoresis who were resistant to conservative management of PF. Read More

J Bodyw Mov Ther 2019 Jan 1;23(1):122-137. Epub 2018 Jun 1.

Universidad San Jorge, iPhysio Research Group, Campus Universitario, Autov. A23, km 299, 50830, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain. Electronic address:

Background: Minimally invasive non-surgical techniques have been widely used worldwide to treat musculoskeletal injuries. Of these techniques, injectable pharmaceutical agents are the most commonly employed treatments, with corticosteroids being the most widely used drugs. The aim of this article is to review current scientific evidence as well as the effectiveness of minimally invasive non-surgical techniques, either alone or combined, for the treatment of plantar fasciitis. Read More

Toxicon 2019 Mar 17;159:41-44. Epub 2019 Jan 17.

Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128, Padova, Italy.

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is characterized by hyperalgesia, autonomic and trophic alterations of bones, muscles and skin. It is supported by neurogenic inflammation and impairment of sympathetic nervous system. Botulinum Toxin (BTX) is an option for the management of pain, with level B evidence of efficacy in neuropathic, joint and myofascial pain syndrome. Read More

J Vet Med Sci 2019 Mar 15;81(3):411-417. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Anestesiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the intra-articular (IA) injection of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A) to the management of chronic pain in dogs. In a randomized, controlled, double-blinded study sixteen dogs with osteoarthritis secondary to hip dysplasia were distributed into two groups: 25 IU BoNT/A (BoNT) or saline solution (Control) was administered IA in each affected joint. All dogs received oral supplements (90 days) and carprofen (15 days). Read More

J Oral Pathol Med 2019 Mar 25;48(3):192-200. Epub 2019 Jan 25.

Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK.

Introduction: Critical evidence on the therapeutic efficacy of botulinum toxins (BTX) is still lacking for most pain conditions. The aim of this review was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of BTX in the management of temporomandibular myofascial pain.

Materials And Methods: Electronic databases PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and gray literature were searched for randomized clinical trials until February 2018 to answer a focused question "What is the effectiveness of botulinum toxin in the management of temporomandibular myofascial pain?" Two independent reviewers performed the study selection according to eligibility criteria. Read More

Cranio 2019 Jan 2:1-5. Epub 2019 Jan 2.

c Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , Hacettepe University, Faculty of Dentistry , Altindag, Ankara , Turkey.

Objective: To evaluate patient satisfaction with botulinum toxin type A injections for the management of masticatory myofascial pain and dysfunction.

Methods: The study group included 25 patients with myofascial pain and dysfunction. Maximum mouth opening (MMO), measured with a ruler, and pain, measured on a 10-cm visual analog scale (VAS), were assessed before treatment and six weeks after treatment. Read More

Am J Otolaryngol 2019 Jan - Feb;40(1):115-120. Epub 2018 Jul 7.

Department of Otolaryngology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.

Background: Headaches are commonly evaluated in otolaryngology and often represent a diagnostic dilemma. This review addresses rhinogenic headache as well as trigeminal neuralgia and migraine, both of which can masquerade as sinus headache and whose management increasingly involves otolaryngology intervention. Discussion considers diagnostic criteria and novel therapies and derives an algorithm for clinical decision-making. Read More

Dermatol Ther 2019 Mar 29;32(2):e12781. Epub 2019 Jan 29.

Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Cutaneous injury can ignite excessive fibroproliferative growth that results in keloid formation. Keloids are associated with significant morbidity related to disfigurement and/or symptoms (e.g. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Nov;97(45):e13127

Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Namku, Taegu, Republic of Korea.

Rationale: Although various oral medications and procedures are applied for managing migraine, their efficacy remains limited. To control migraine that does not respond to conventional treatments, we conducted pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) stimulation to the greater occipital nerve (GON) in 2 patients.

Patient Concerns: Patients 1 and 2 complained of chronic throbbing, pulsating, and tight headaches. Read More

Med Acupunct 2018 Oct 15;30(5):282-284. Epub 2018 Oct 15.

Sinai Hospital, Baltimore, MD.

toxin type A injection is a common and safe procedure used for the treatment of overactive muscles through local injection. This toxin inhibits the release of acetylcholine in the neuromuscular junction. The benefits usually last only 3-6 months; thus, repeated injections are often required. Read More

Korean J Pain 2018 Oct 1;31(4):235-243. Epub 2018 Oct 1.

The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Shi, China.

Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is the most troublesome side effect of Herpes Zoster (HZ), which mainly affects the elderly and immunocompromised populations. Despite the current advancement of treatments, PHN persists in many individuals influencing their daily activities and reducing their quality of life. Anticonvulsants, antidepressants, topical therapies including lidocaine and capsaicin, and opioids, are the most widely used therapies for the treatment of PHN. Read More

Br J Ophthalmol 2018 Sep 29. Epub 2018 Sep 29.

Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center, Miami, Florida, USA

Background: To evaluate the efficacy of botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) in reducing photophobia and dry eye symptoms in individuals with chronic migraine. Additionally, we aimed to evaluate tear film volume as a potential contributor to symptoms in these patients.

Methods: Retrospective review of 76 patients who received BoNT-A for chronic migraine between 23 August 2017 and 13 December 2017 at the Miami Veterans Affairs Medical Center Neurotoxin Clinic. Read More

J Headache Pain 2018 Sep 26;19(1):91. Epub 2018 Sep 26.

Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.

OnabotulinumtoxinA is being increasingly used in the management of chronic migraine (CM). Treatment with onabotulinumtoxinA poses challenges compared with traditional therapy with orally administered preventatives. The European Headache Federation identified an expert group that was asked to develop the present guideline to provide recommendations for the use of onabotulinumtoxinA in CM. Read More

Health Technol Assess 2018 09;22(50):1-232

Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.

Background: Standing frames are recommended as part of postural management for young people with cerebral palsy (CP) Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level IV or V. They may have a variety of benefits, including improving bone mineral density, gastrointestinal function and social participation. The NHS needs to know if these benefits are real, given the cost implications of use and the reported negative effects (e. Read More

J Pediatr Rehabil Med 2018 ;11(3):199-204

Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA, USA.

Purpose: Recurrent botulinum toxin (BoNT) injections are used in the pediatric population for management of spasticity, but the procedure is often associated with significant pain and anxiety for patients. Non-pharmacologic treatment alternatives for procedural discomfort are limited. Immersive virtual reality (VR) has shown efficacy in treatment of procedural discomfort in pediatric patients. Read More

Dis Esophagus 2018 Sep;31(9)

Department of Thoracic Surgery Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Achalasia is a relatively rare primary motor esophageal disorder, characterized by absence of relaxations of the lower esophageal sphincter and of peristalsis along the esophageal body. As a result, patients typically present with dysphagia, regurgitation and occasionally chest pain, pulmonary complication and malnutrition. New diagnostic methodologies and therapeutic techniques have been recently added to the armamentarium for treating achalasia. Read More

Med Acupunct 2018 Aug;30(4):198-203

Osher Center for Integrative Medicine. Northwestern University, Chicago, IL.

There are no curative treatments for cervical dystonia (CD), therefore conventional management is aimed at pain relief and muscle relaxation. Many patients with CD use complementary and integrative medicine interventions to manage symptoms, yet there are limited data on the use of acupuncture for CD. The aim of the current study was to determine the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of adjuvant acupuncture. Read More

Int Urol Nephrol 2018 Oct 21;50(10):1745-1751. Epub 2018 Aug 21.

Department of Gynecology and Oncology, Collegium Medicum Jagiellonian University of Kraków, Kraków, Poland.

Purpose: Given that more cancers are being diagnosed earlier and that treatment of cancer is improving, health issues of cancer survivors are becoming more common and apparent. Pelvic radiation therapy for the treatment of gynecological cancers can lead to long-term collateral damage to the bladder, a condition termed radiation cystitis (RC). Late sequelae may take many years to develop and include incontinence and pain as well as hematuria. Read More

J Am Acad Dermatol 2018 09;79(3):423-435

Division of Dermatology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois.

Injectable fillers and neuromodulators are used for a range of indications pertaining to the correction of facial aging and disfigurement. Fillers can correct soft tissue loss, depressed scars, and atrophy or asymmetry induced by systemic or local disease. Neuromodulators correct muscle-mediated skin creases, reshape the face, and address right-left functional asymmetry. Read More

Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2018 Aug 16;18(10):69. Epub 2018 Aug 16.

Jefferson Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Purpose Of Review: Neuralgias are characterized by pain in the distribution of a cranial or cervical nerve. Typically, they are brief, paroxysmal, painful attacks, although continuous neuropathic pain may occur. The most commonly encountered conditions are trigeminal, postherpetic, and occipital neuralgia. Read More

Curr Pain Headache Rep 2018 Aug 14;22(10):69. Epub 2018 Aug 14.

Division of Neurological Anesthesia, Jefferson Hospital for Neurosciences, 900 Walnut St., Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.

Purpose Of Review: This article discusses the etiology and management of post-craniotomy headache and pain. A review of available as well as investigatory treatment modalities is offered, followed by suggestions for optimal management of post-craniotomy headache.

Recent Findings: There is a dearth of evidence-based practice regarding the differential diagnosis, natural history, and management of post-craniotomy headache. Read More

J Cell Physiol 2018 Jan 4;234(1):860-870. Epub 2018 Aug 4.

Department of Information Management and Information Systems, College of Economics and Management, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China.

The objective of this network meta-analysis (NMA) was to assess the pain relief performance of eight different plantar fasciitis therapies, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications, corticosteroid injections (CSs), autologous whole blood, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT), ultrasound therapy (US), botulinum toxin A (BTX-A), and dry needling (DN). Published prospective or randomized controlled trials (RCTs) as for the above eight therapies were identified by searching CNKI, PubMed, and Embase. Mean difference (MD) and 95% credible intervals (CrIs) of visual analogue scale (VAS) were used to evaluate multiaspect comparisons. Read More

Korean J Pain 2018 Jul 2;31(3):155-173. Epub 2018 Jul 2.

Department of Anesthesiology, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) is an unwanted adverse event in any operation. It leads to functional limitations and psychological trauma for patients, and leaves the operative team with feelings of failure and humiliation. Therefore, it is crucial that preventive strategies for CPSP are considered in high-risk operations. Read More

Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2018 Aug 5;30(3):287-289. Epub 2018 Jul 5.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Dentistry, 521 North 11th Street, Richmond, VA 23298-0566, USA. Electronic address:

Although the use of botulinum toxin has been recommended for the management of myofascial pain and dysfunction, the precise mechanism of its action remains undetermined and studies on its effectiveness are equivocal. Moreover, even if such treatment may temporarily relieve the symptoms, it does not address the cause of the problem. Also, its use is not free of potential complications. Read More

J Pain Res 2018 25;11:1239-1245. Epub 2018 Jun 25.

Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, Ospedali Riuniti, Università di Foggia, Foggia,

Introduction: Shoulder pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal diseases, and can be due to glenohumeral osteoarthritis, rotator cuff tear, impingement, tendinitis, adhesive capsulitis, and subacromial bursitis. Several therapies have been proposed, including steroids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, intra-articular injections, and physical therapies. Many published studies have reported on the employment of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) to reduce pain in subjects with neurological and musculoskeletal diseases by inhibiting substance P release and other inflammatory factors. Read More

Toxins (Basel) 2018 06 21;10(7). Epub 2018 Jun 21.

Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Novena 308433, Singapore.

The ONTIME study investigated whether early post-stroke abobotulinumtoxinA injection delays appearance or progression of upper limb spasticity (ULS) symptoms. ONTIME (NCT02321436) was a 28-week, exploratory, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of abobotulinumtoxinA 500U in patients with ULS (Modified Ashworth Scale [MAS] score ≥ 2) 2⁻12 weeks post-stroke. Patients were either symptomatic or asymptomatic (only increased MAS) at baseline. Read More

Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2018 09;34(5):282-287

Digestive Disease Institute, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Purpose Of Review: To review important manuscripts published over the previous 2 years relative to sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (SOD).

Recent Findings: The long-term outcomes of the Evaluating Predictors and Interventions of SOD (EPISOD) trial further substantiated results from the initial EPISOD study, reinforcing that neither endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography-manometry nor endoscopic sphincterotomy are appropriate for SOD type III. Pain management in the latter patients has reverted to neuromodulating agents, and recent studies have suggested a role for duloxetine and potentially acupuncture. Read More

Scand J Pain 2011 Jan 1;2(1):25-33. Epub 2011 Jan 1.

Institut für Neurowissenschaften, Algesiologie und Pädiatrie (IFNAP), Deutsche Gesellschaft für Schmerztherapie (DGS), O. Meany - Medical Data & Project Management GmbH, Theodorstraße 1, D-90489 Nürnberg, Germany.

Background and purpose Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) has antinociceptive and muscle-relaxant properties. The objectives of this study were to investigate the efficacy and safety of a single BoNT-A (Dysport®) treatment in myofascial back pain. Methods In this randomized, open-label, multicenter study, adults with myofascial lower back pain received Dysport® injections at four trigger points (60,80 or 120 units per injection point). Read More

Curr Opin Support Palliat Care 2018 09;12(3):373-381

Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.

Purpose Of Review: On the basis of its various advantages and the relevant awareness of physicians, ultrasound imaging has overwhelmingly taken its place in the scientific arena. This is true both from the side of daily clinical applications and also from the side of research. Yet, ultrasound provides real-time (diagnostic) imaging and (interventional) guidance for a wide spectrum of muscle disorders. Read More

Spinal Cord Ser Cases 2018 21;4:42. Epub 2018 May 21.

Restore Orthopedics and Spine Center, Orange, CA USA.

Introduction: We present a case describing the management of a woman with severe, functionally limiting cervical myeloradiculopathy in the setting of congenital cervical canal stenosis and Arnold-Chiari I malformation.

Case Presentation: The subject is a 57-year-old woman with prior anterior cervical discectomy and fusion who presented with left-sided neck pain associated with radiculopathy, migraine, gait incoordination, and cervical dystonia. Cervical stenosis and Chiari malformation were confirmed using MRI. Read More

Sports Med Arthrosc Rev 2018 Jun;26(2):79-85

University of Salerno School of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Salerno, Italy.

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common condition encountered by physicians. KOA is addressed by a wide array of modalities including a number of nonbiological treatments.

Methods: PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and SPORTDiscus were searched for level 1 to 4 studies published from inception to August 2017. Read More

Pain Pract 2018 11 17;18(8):979-987. Epub 2018 Apr 17.

Faculty of Art & Design, University of New South Wales Sydney, Paddington, New South Wales, Australia.

Objective: The objective of this pilot study was to assess the acceptability and feasibility of using BrightHearts, a biofeedback-assisted relaxation application (app), in children undergoing painful procedures.

Methods: Thirty children 7 to 18 years of age undergoing a medical procedure (peripheral blood collection, botulinum toxin injection, or intravenous cannula insertion) participated. Participants used BrightHearts, a heart rate-controlled biofeedback-assisted relaxation training app delivered via an iPad with heart rate measured through a pulse oximeter worn on the ear or thumb. Read More

Eur Urol Focus 2018 01 14;4(1):17-24. Epub 2018 Apr 14.

Department of Pharmacology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.

Context: Pharmacological treatment is a cornerstone in the management of patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).

Objective: To review emerging evidence in the medical treatment of LUTS.

Evidence Acquisition: An Embase/Pubmed-based literature search was conducted in December 2017, screening for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), prospective and retrospective series, animal model studies, and reviews on medical treatment of LUTS. Read More

Eur J Neurol 2018 08 28;25(8):1069-e83. Epub 2018 May 28.

The Headache Centre, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.

Background And Purpose: The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) in the UK recommends the use of OnabotulinumtoxinA (BoNTA, Botox ) in the management of chronic migraine (CM) following specific guidelines within the National Health Service. In view of the lack of data on the efficacy of this therapy following implementation of these guidelines in clinical practice and on the evaluation of guidance compliance, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of BoNTA in patients with CM following the NICE guidelines.

Methods: This was a prospective real-life audit study. Read More

Curr Pain Headache Rep 2018 Mar 19;22(4):29. Epub 2018 Mar 19.

Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.

Purpose Of Review: Headaches encompass a broad-based category of a symptom of pain in the region of the head or neck. For those patients who unfortunately do not obtain relief from conservative treatment, interventional techniques have been developed and are continuing to be refined in an attempt to treat this subset of patients with the goal of return of daily activities. This investigation reviews various categories of headaches, their pathophysiology, and types of interventional treatments currently available. Read More

Int J Stroke 2018 08 19;13(6):648-653. Epub 2018 Mar 19.

7 Faculty of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.

Rationale Although clinical practice guidelines recommend that management of moderate to severe spasticity include the use of botulinum toxin-A in conjunction with therapy, there is currently no evidence to support the addition of therapy. Aims To determine the effect and cost-benefit of adding evidence-based movement training to botulinum toxin-A. Sample size estimate A total of 136 participants will be recruited in order to be able to detect a between-group difference of seven points on the Goal Attainment Scale T-score with 80% power at a two-tailed significance level of 0. Read More

Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2018 Jul 7;52:94-97. Epub 2018 Mar 7.

Department of Neurology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.

Objectives: To characterize the minimal clinically important change (MCIC) after treatment in cervical dystonia patients using the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS).

Methods: Changes in the TWSTRS from an observational study of abobotulinumtoxinA in the routine management of cervical dystonia (NCT01314365) were analyzed using the Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC) as anchor.

Results: For the overall population (N = 304, baseline TWSTRS-Total score 43. Read More

Eur Spine J 2018 Sep 19;27(Suppl 6):851-860. Epub 2018 Feb 19.

Division of General Medical Rehabilitation, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.

Purpose: The purpose of this review was to develop recommendations for the management of spinal disorders in low-income communities, with a focus on non-invasive pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies for non-specific low back and neck pain.

Methods: We synthesized two evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for the management of low back and neck pain. Our recommendations considered benefits, harms, quality of evidence, and costs, with attention to feasibility in medically underserved areas and low- and middle-income countries. Read More

Pain 2018 03;159(3):576-582

Neuropathic pain represents a highly unmet medical need because most of the available treatments have a modest efficacy or dose-limiting side effects. Hence, novel therapeutic perspectives are warranted. Many compounds acting on new pain targets are in preclinical or early clinical development. Read More

Dev Med Child Neurol 2018 04 6;60(4):356-366. Epub 2018 Feb 6.

Department of Paediatrics, Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Aim: To systematically review evidence for pharmacological/neurosurgical interventions for managing dystonia in individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) to inform a care pathway.

Method: Searches included studies with a minimum of five participants with dystonia in CP receiving oral baclofen, benzodiazepines (clonazepam, diazepam, lorazepam), clonidine, gabapentin, levodopa, trihexyphenidyl, botulinum toxin, intrathecal baclofen (ITB), or deep brain stimulation (DBS). Evidence was classified according to American Academy of Neurology guidelines. Read More

Acta Neurol Scand 2018 May 6;137(5):442-451. Epub 2018 Feb 6.

Headache Diagnostic Laboratory, Danish Headache Center and Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet-Glostrup, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark.

Botulinum toxin serotype A (BoNT/A) was originally used in neurology for the treatment of dystonia and blepharospasms, but is now clinically used worldwide for the treatment of chronic migraine. Still, the possible mode of action of BoNT/A in migraine is not fully known. However, the mode of action of BoNT/A has been investigated in experimental pain as well as migraine models, which may elucidate the underlying mechanisms in migraine. Read More

Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018 02 1;56(2):96-100. Epub 2018 Feb 1.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.

Effusions are common among patients with disorders of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), but publications are limited and results inconsistent about the correlation between them and important clinical variables, in particular severity of pain and degenerative disease. We organised a retrospective study of patients who presented for the evaluation and management of arthralgia of the TMJ and myofascial pain at the University of Michigan between 2011 and 2014. Inclusion criteria were: patients who had pain that was primarily arthrogenous, and coexisting myogenous pain, who had had initial non-surgical treatment, and arthroscopy of the TMJ with or without intramuscular injection of onabotulinumtoxinA (Botox, Allegan, Weston, Fl, USA). Read More

J Pediatr Surg 2018 Apr 24;53(4):693-697. Epub 2017 Dec 24.

Neurogastroenterology Program, Digestive Health Institute, Children's Hospital Colorado/University of Colorado, 13123 E 16th Ave, Aurora, CO 80045.

Background: Childhood constipation is common. Previously, internal anal sphincterotomy has been used for hypertensive/non-relaxing sphincters; however, recent benefit has been shown with Botulinum Toxin (BT) injections. The aim is to investigate BT, including response duration, symptom association and effectiveness in relation to sphincter dynamics. Read More

Neurourol Urodyn 2018 Jun 24;37(S4):S99-S107. Epub 2018 Jan 24.

Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennesse.

Aims: This manuscript aims to address the evidence availale in the literature on the efficacy of Botulinum Toxin A (BoNT-A) and sacral neuromodulation (SNM) in patients suffering from Interstitial Cystitis (IC)/BPS and propose further research to identify mechanisms of action and establish the clinical efficacy of either therapy.

Methods: At the International Consultation on Incontinence-Research Society (ICI-RS) in 2017, a panel of Functional Urologists and Urogynaecologists participated in a Think Tank (TT) discussing the management of IC/BPS by BoNT-A and SNM, using available data from both PubMed and Medicine literature searches.

Results: The role of BoNT-A and SNM in the treatment of IC/BPS are discussed and mechanisms of actions are proposed. Read More

Ann Rehabil Med 2017 Dec 28;41(6):1088-1092. Epub 2017 Dec 28.

Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea.

Neuropathic pain is usually managed pharmacologically, rather than with botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A). However, medications commonly fail to relieve pain effectively or have intolerable side effects. We present the case of a 62-year-old man diagnosed with an intracranial chondrosarcoma, which was removed surgically and treated with radiation therapy. Read More