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Eur Neurol 2019 Apr 23;81(1-2):30-36. Epub 2019 Apr 23.

Department of Rehabilitation Medicine I, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan.

Background: Treatment with Botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) is effective in decreasing upper limb spasticity.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the differences in the outcome based on the upper limb motor function before BoNT-A treatment.

Methods: The subjects were 61 patients who underwent BoNT-A treatment for upper limb spasticity. Read More

Eur Neurol 2019 Apr 23;81(1-2):37-46. Epub 2019 Apr 23.

Applied Neurophysiology and Pain, ANP- Unit, Bari Aldo Moro University, Bari, Italy.

Background: Onabotulinumtoxin A (OBT-A) is a treatment option for chronic migraine (CM), though the possible effect on central sensitization and allodynia is still unknown.

Aims: The present study aimed to evaluate (1) the long-term outcome of allodynia in a group of CM treated with OBT-A (2) if the presence and severity of allodynia could predict the long-term effect of OBT-A (3) if the improvement of allodynia, could contribute to the clinical efficacy of OBT-A.

Methods: This was an observational, open-label, cohort study conducted on 99 CM patients treated for 1 year and 44 patients treated for 2 years with periodic OBT-A 155-195 U injections. Read More

Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim 2019 Apr 19. Epub 2019 Apr 19.

Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, España.

Neuropathic pain is very challenging to manage because of the heterogeneity of aetiologies, symptoms, and underlying mechanisms. Conventional oral therapies have been limited by negative factors such as systemic side effects, drug-drug interactions, slow onset of action, the need for titration, multiple daily dosing, as well as the potential risk of addiction, dependence, withdrawal symptoms, and abuse. Therefore, new therapeutic perspectives are justified. Read More

Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019 Apr 19. Epub 2019 Apr 19.

Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Prescot Road, L14 5AB.

Botulinum toxin injections are useful in patients with refractory sialorrhoea although the optimum treatment protocol and its efficacy over a long period of follow up are controversial. The aim of our prospective study was to examine the efficacy and complications of a protocol of repeated ultrasound-guided botulinum toxin injections of fixed doses at a tertiary children's hospital. A total of 79 procedures were done in 34 patients who were followed up for two years. Read More

Med Sci Monit 2019 Apr 22;25:2950-2958. Epub 2019 Apr 22.

Department of Plastic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China (mainland).

BACKGROUND The optimal treatment for hypertrophic scar and keloid remains controversial. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare the effectiveness of intralesional injection of botulinum toxin type A compared with placebo and intralesional injection of corticosteroid compared with placebo in patients with hypertrophic scar and keloid. MATERIAL AND METHODS Six databases were searched using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) keywords and included Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, WanFang, and CNKI from their inception to March 1 2019, without language restriction. Read More

Neurourol Urodyn 2019 Apr 20. Epub 2019 Apr 20.

Division of Pediatric Urology, Private Dayanc Urology Center, Ankara, Turkey.

Introduction: Refractory overactive bladder (OAB) in children can be treated with second line modalities such as as biofeedback, transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TENS), and botulinum toxin. In this study, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of biofeedback-assisted pelvic floor muscle therapy (PFMT) on symptoms, bladder capacity, uroflowmetry, and pelvic floor muscle activity (PFMA) in children with resistant OAB or dysfunctional voiding (DV) with associated seconder bladder overactivity (DV/SBO).

Materials And Methods: A total of 24 children with resistant OAB were included in the study. Read More

Ann Chir Plast Esthet 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Service de chirurgie plastique, reconstructrice et esthétique, et chirurgie maxillofaciale, hôpital Henri-Mondor, 51, avenue du Maréchal-de-Lattre-de-Tassigny, 94010 Créteil cedex, France.

Introduction: Botulinum toxin injections in aesthetic medicine are the most widely used products, ahead of hyaluronic acid, and aesthetic medicine is constantly increasing, including in the male population. The objective of this development was to show the specificities described in the literature concerning botulinum toxin injections in men.

Material And Method: A systematic literature search was carried out using the Pubmed search engine. Read More

Front Physiol 2019 2;10:336. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Fascia Research Group, Experimental Anesthesiology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.

Fascial tissues form a ubiquitous network throughout the whole body, which is usually regarded as a passive contributor to biomechanical behavior. We aimed to answer the question, whether fascia may possess the capacity for cellular contraction which, in turn, could play an active role in musculoskeletal mechanics. Human and rat fascial specimens from different body sites were investigated for the presence of myofibroblasts using immunohistochemical staining for α-smooth muscle actin ( 31 donors, 20 animals). Read More

Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2019 Apr 18. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

Botulinum toxin has been first applied in ophthalmology (as treatment for strabismus) and is nowadays widely used in many clinical areas. Currently the main application in ophthalmology is the treatment of essential blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm. Other important indications for botulinum toxin in ophthalmology are eyelid retraction in Graves' disease and the induction of protective ptosis in lagophthalmos or corneal diseases. Read More

J Spinal Cord Med 2019 Apr 18:1-7. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

b Department of pathology , Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.

Objective: To examine the hypothesis that what is the concomitant mechanism of action botulinum toxin type A (BoNTA) administration by intravesical electromotive into the bladder resulting in bladder function improvement. We also tried to confirm the possibility of retrograde trans-axonal transportation of toxin.

Design: Animal study. Read More

Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2019 Apr 17;19(6):26. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Jefferson Headache Center, 900 Walnut Street, Suite 200, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Purpose Of Review: This article reviews nummular headache (NH), including the latest literature on the epidemiological and clinical features, the most recent proposed pathophysiology, and novel management.

Recent Findings: NH is characterized by continuous or intermittent head pain confined to a focal circumscribed area (1-6 cm in diameter). It is usually of mild to moderate intensity, although some patients have severe continuous pain or disabling exacerbations. Read More

Toxicon 2019 Apr 14. Epub 2019 Apr 14.

Aja University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Islamic Republic of Iran. Electronic address:

In recent years, there is a growing interest in new medical applications of botulinum toxin, including pain control, osteoarthritis treatment, and wound healing. While clinical applications of botulinum toxin seem promising, existing evidence regarding the therapeutic effects is still inadequate. The aim was to assess the efficacy of a single injection of abobotulinumtoxin A into the knee joint cavity to reduce pain in elderly people. Read More

Neurogastroenterol Motil 2019 May;31(5):e13594

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

In this issue of the journal, Mion and coworkers describe 23 patients with dysphagia and/or thoracic pain and hypercontractile esophageal motility disorders who were either treated with botulinum toxin 100 U or underwent a sham procedure. The surprising outcome of the study was that both active botulinum toxin treatment and sham treatment resulted in a significant reduction in symptoms and manometric abnormalities after 3 months, with no difference between the two arms. One can interpret the lack of effect of botulinum toxin over placebo as indicative of the benign natural history of hypercontractile esophageal motility disorders or be convinced that many patients with hypercontractility on manometry actually have functional symptoms not related to the manometric findings, and thus, treatment of hypercontractility is not more effective than placebo. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019 Apr 17;4:CD008123. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal General Hospital - Room L7-313, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Montreal, QC, Canada, H3G 1A4.

Background: Botulism is an acute paralytic illness caused by a neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum. Supportive care, including intensive care, is key, but the role of other medical treatments is unclear. This is an update of a review first published in 2011. Read More

J Dent Child (Chic) 2019 Jan;86(1):47-52

Professor, chief and director, Orofacial Pain Program, Department of Oral Health Science, both at the University of Kentucky School of Dentistry, Lexington, KY., USA.

Mandibular open lock is a condition in which the patient is unable to close his/her mouth. This is an uncommon condition in children and adolescents that, when recurrent, can severely affect their quality of life. It can also prove to be a challenge for the clinician. Read More

Ugeskr Laeger 2019 Apr;181(15)

Scoliosis is a common frontal plane spinal deformity with pain as a commonly associated occurrence in approximately 38% of the cases. This review summarises the possible treatments. Corrective treatment with bracing or surgery does not specifically target the pain problem. Read More

Dermatol Ther 2019 Apr 15:e12935. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.

Connective tissue disorders (CTDs) are chronic inflammatory conditions that can lead to scarring and disfiguration. Although conventional methods are often of little benefit in cutaneous manifestations, the use of cosmetic procedures is still controversial. Concerns have also been raised concerning cosmetic treatments in CTDs, and particularly regarding lasers and fillers, due to photosensitivity and potential reactivation. Read More

Brain 2019 Apr 14. Epub 2019 Apr 14.

Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands.

Botulinum toxin A (BTA) is widely used as treatment of chronic migraine. Efficacy in studies, however, was only modest and likely influenced by unblinding due to BTA-induced removal of forehead wrinkles. Moreover, most study participants were overusing acute headache medications and might have benefitted from withdrawal. Read More

Med Sci Monit 2019 Apr 14;25:2735-2744. Epub 2019 Apr 14.

Department of Plastic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China (mainland).

BACKGROUND Axillary osmidrosis (AO) is common in plastic surgery. But there is no perfect way to treat AO. We systematically compared the efficacy of 10 AO treatments with network meta-analysis in order to provide reference for the clinical treatment of axillary odor. Read More

Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2019 Apr 11. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Institute of Rehabilitation, South Hospital-University Hospital Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France; University Hospital Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, LPNC, 38000 Grenoble, France.

Background: The imputability of neutralizing antibodies (NABs) in secondary non-response (SnR) to botulinum toxin (BoNT) injections for limb spasticity is still debated.

Objective: This systematic literature review aimed to determine the prevalence of NABs after BoNT injections for limb spasticity and analyze their determinants and their causal role in SnR.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE via PubMed, Cochrane and Embase databases for articles published during 1990-2018. Read More

J Orthop Res 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Laboratory for Joint Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Orthopedic Soft Tissue Research Program, The Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA.

Mechanical stress has an important effect on tendon-to-bone healing. The purpose of the present study was to compare tendon-to-bone healing in animals exposed to either tendon unloading (botulinum toxin injection) or excessive loading (treadmill running) in a murine rotator cuff repair model. Forty eight C57BL/6 mice underwent unilateral supraspinatus tendon detachment and repair. Read More

Gait Posture 2019 May 4;70:389-396. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), University of Melbourne, Australia; Australian Rehabilitation Research Centre (ARRC), Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia; Department of Rehabiliation Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia.

Background: The mechanisms by which spasticity reductions after botulinum toxin A (BoNT) affect gait in stroke are not well understood. We systematically reviewed the effects of BoNT on spatiotemporal, kinematic, kinetic and electromyographic (EMG) measures during gait.

Question: What are the effects of botulinum toxin on gait mechanics in stroke patients?

Methods: Systematic search using PubMed and Web of Science. Read More

Neurogastroenterol Motil 2019 May 11;31(5):e13587. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

CHU Bordeaux, Gastroenterology, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.

Introduction: Botulinum toxin injection is known to be efficient to treat achalasia. We conducted a randomized trial in order to evaluate its efficacy to treat symptomatic hypercontractile esophageal disorders as characterized by esophageal high-resolution manometry.

Methods: Patients with significant dysphagia and/or thoracic pain related to an hypercontractile esophageal motility disorder as defined by the Chicago Classification were randomized to receive an injection of botulinum toxin (100 U in 10 points in the distal part of the esophageal wall) or a sham procedure. Read More

J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Department for Otorhinolaryngology, University of Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 120, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.

Hypersalivation describes a relatively excessive salivary flow, which wets the patient himself and his surroundings. It may result because of insufficient oro-motor function, dysphagia, decreased central control and coordination. This update presents recent changes and innovation in the treatment of hypersalivation. Read More

Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019 Apr 9;12(2). Epub 2019 Apr 9.

School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA.

Migraine is the second-most disabling disease worldwide, and the second most common neurological disorder. Attacks can last many hours or days, and consist of multiple symptoms including headache, nausea, vomiting, hypersensitivity to stimuli such as light and sound, and in some cases, an aura is present. Mechanisms contributing to migraine are still poorly understood. Read More

Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Krankenhaus der Barmherzigen Bruder Trier.

Blepharospasm is a focal dystonia and a rare disease of the brain that causes involuntary spasms of the muscles responsible for eyelid closure. The diagnosis is made clinically and in unclear cases on the basis of results of electrophysiological tests. Therapy of choice consists of local injections with botulinum toxin that have to be repeated on a regular basis. Read More

Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2019 Mar;77(3):174-178

Universidade de Brasília, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia, Brasília DF, Brasil.

Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been investigated in movement disorders, making it a therapeutic alternative in clinical settings. However, there is still no consensus on the most appropriate treatment protocols in most cases, and the presence of deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes has been regarded as a contraindication to the procedure. We recently studied the effects of cerebellar tDCS on a female patient already undergoing subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) for generalized dystonia. Read More

J Rehabil Med 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Rehabilitation, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, 6541GX Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Objective: To investigate the functional effects of bilateral botulinum toxin A treatment and subsequent stretching of spastic hip adductors on gait and reactive lateral stepping responses in patients with pure hereditary spastic paraplegia.

Design: Explorative pre-post intervention study.

Patients: Twenty-five patients with pure hereditary spastic paraplegia. Read More

J Vet Intern Med 2019 Apr 9. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.

Background: Megaesophagus (ME) carries a poor long-term prognosis in dogs. In people, lower esophageal sphincter (LES) achalasia is a rare cause of ME that may respond to targeted intervention. Dogs with lower esophageal sphincter achalasia-like syndrome (LES-AS) have been described recently, warranting investigation of analogous targeted treatment. Read More

Laryngorhinootologie 2019 Apr 9;98(4):247-251. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

Asklepios Klinik Barmbek, Abt. für Neurologie, Hamburg.

Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is a frequent disorder characterized by involuntary contractions of those muscles innervated by the facialis nerve on one side of the face. The symptoms can appear as tonic or clonic, intermittent or permanent. Diagnosis is based purely on clinical observation. Read More

Toxins (Basel) 2019 Apr 8;11(4). Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Spasticity and Movement Disorders "ReSTaRt" Unit, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Section, OORR Hospital, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy.

Botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) has been shown effective for poststroke lower limb spasticity. Following injections, a wide range of multidisciplinary approach has been previously provided. The purpose of this pilot, single-blind, randomized controlled trial was to determine whether BoNT-A combined with a regime of a four-week ankle isokinetic treatment has a positive effect on function and spasticity, compared with BoNT-A alone. Read More

Tokai J Exp Clin Med 2019 Apr 20;44(1):20-24. Epub 2019 Apr 20.

Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tokai University Hachioji Hospital, 1838 Ishikawa machi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0032, Japan.

A 64-year-old man had spasticity of digits 3 and 4 of the right hand for 22 years following a stroke. Activities of daily living (ADL) were impaired due to the disuse of the right arm. The flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor digitorum profundus muscles of digits 3 and 4 of the patient's right forearm were identified using ultrasound guidance, and botulinum toxin type A was selectively injected into those sites. Read More

Toxins (Basel) 2019 Apr 6;11(4). Epub 2019 Apr 6.

Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, 1001 Potrero Ave., San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.

Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNT) are some of the most toxic proteins known, with a human LD of ~1 ng/kg. Equine antitoxin has a half-life in circulation of less than 1 day and is limited to a treatment rather than a prevention indication. The development of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) may represent an alternative therapeutic option that can be produced at high quantities and of high quality and with half-lives of >10 days. Read More

J Urol 2019 Apr 8:10109701JU000055776234778a0. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Dermatol Ther 2019 Apr 8:e12892. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Department of Dermatology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.

Hailey-Hailey disease (HHD) or chronic benign familial pemphigus is an autosomal dominant genodermatosis with complete penetrance characterized by painful vesicles, erosions, and macerated intertriginous skin. We present a 66-year-old woman with a personal 35-year history of pruritic recurrent vesicles and erosions in both axillae and inguinal folds. HHD was confirmed by cutaneous biopsy. Read More

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019 Apr 4. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Electronic address:

Background & Aims: Gastric emptying (GE) is involved in regulation of appetite. We compared times of GE after different bariatric endoscopic and surgical interventions and associations with weight loss.

Methods: We performed a comprehensive search of publication databases, through September 14, 2018, for randomized and non-randomized studies reporting outcomes of weight-loss surgeries. Read More

Aesthetic Plast Surg 2019 Apr 5. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Centro Médico Kineergomed, Linares, Chile.

Background: The perception of an attractive face is largely subjective. The purpose of this paper is to provide an insight and a practical approach to facial contouring management with hyaluronic acid (HA) implants and botulinum toxin A.

Methods: This study is presenting the clinical experience of the authors regarding facial contouring. Read More

Vet Ital 2019 Mar 31;55(1):57-62. Epub 2019 Mar 31.

Grosseto Section, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Regioni Lazio e Toscana "M. Aleandri", Italy, Via Europa 30, Grosseto, Italy..

Botulism in cattle is rarely reported in Italy. This study describes an outbreak of botulism in a dairy herd in Central Italy in September 2012, and the notably high mortality rate it caused. Differential diagnoses involving toxicology and bacteriology, and electrolyte imbalances, all proved negative. Read More

Aesthet Surg J 2019 Apr 5. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Expert2Expert Group, Paris, France.

Background: PrabotulinumtoxinA is a 900 kDa botulinum toxin type A produced by Clostridium botulinum.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of prabotulinumtoxinA compared to onabotulinumtoxinA and placebo for the treatment of glabellar lines.

Methods: This was a 150-day, multicenter, double-blind, controlled, single-dose Phase III study. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2019 Apr 2. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Health Sciences, Adana City Hospital, Aydin, Turkey.

Background: To compare the efficacies of botulinum toxin-A injection and dry needling methods in the treatment of patients with myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ).

Methods: In this prospective study, 40 MPS patients (29 women, 11 men) were randomly assigned to abobotulinum toxin-A injection (Group 1, n = 20) or dry needling (Group 2, n = 20) groups. Pain, crepitation, functional limitation, maximum mouth opening, jaw strength were evaluated at baseline and 6 weeks, and the results in both groups were compared. Read More

Hernia 2019 Apr 4. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Macquarie University Hospital, Technology Place, Macquarie, Australia.

Introduction: Repair of complex ventral hernia presents a significant challenge plagued by high morbidity and recurrence. Recent studies have demonstrated significant benefits achievable with preoperative Botulinum Toxin A (BTA) chemical component paralysis to the abdominal wall muscles, facilitating primary closure of complex ventral hernia defects. However, transversus abdominis is known to play an integral role in truncal stability, and its paralysis can result in unwanted physiological changes. Read More

Front Pharmacol 2019 20;10:281. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Psychiatry Service, Health Care Complex, Salamanca, Spain.

We report on a patient with tardive dyskinesia (TDK) treated with aripiprazole, a third-generation antipsychotic with partial D2 agonist-antagonist activity at both the dopamine and serotonin receptors. The patient's condition improved with administration of a combination of tetrabenazine, botulinum toxin, and clozapine, which has previously not been used. We suggest that this treatment combination may have potential benefits for patients with TDK. Read More

Arch Dis Child 2019 Apr 4. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Paediatric Neurosciences, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.

Background: The evidence base to guide the pharmacological management of tone and abnormal movements in cerebral palsy (CP) is limited, as is an understanding of routine clinical practice in the UK. We aimed to establish details of motor phenotype and current pharmacological management of a representative cohort across a network of UK tertiary centres.

Methods: Prospective multicentre review of specialist motor disorder clinics at nine UK centres, collecting data on clinical features and pharmacological management of children and young people (CYP) with CP over a single calendar month. Read More

J Cell Mol Med 2019 Apr 3. Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Histology and Embryology Research Unit, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.

Urothelium and Lamina Propria (LP) are considered an integrate sensory system which is able to control the detrusor activity. Complete supra-sacral spinal cord lesions cause Neurogenic Detrusor Overactivity (NDO) whose main symptoms are urgency and incontinence. NDO therapy at first consists in anti-muscarinic drugs; secondly, in intra-vesical injection of botulinum toxin. Read More

Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2019 04 1;74:e776. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

Setor de Transtornos do Movimento, Departamento de Neurologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, SP, BR.

Objectives: To compare signs and symptoms of dysphagia in individuals with cervical dystonia (CD) before and after application of botulinum toxin (BTX).

Methods: A prospective study was conducted with 20 patients diagnosed with CD with indications for BTX application. We selected 18 patients who met the study inclusion criteria. Read More

J Dermatolog Treat 2019 Apr 3:1-27. Epub 2019 Apr 3.

a University of Central Florida College of Medicine , 6850 Lake Nona Blvd , Orlando , FL USA 32827.

Background: Notalgia Paresthetica (NP) is a sensory neuropathy of the back characterized by a well-demarcated, hyperpigmented macule or patch located medial or inferior to the scapulae. Symptoms include localized pruritus and pain, and the clinical course consists of remissions and relapses. It can be an underrecognized and difficult disease to treat since conventional treatments for pruritus in inflammatory dermatosis have variable efficacy. Read More

Arch Gynecol Obstet 2019 May 2;299(5):1243-1252. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.

Purpose: To inform uro-gynecologists about the current standards and latest developments of sacral neuromodulation (SNM) in women with overactive bladder (OAB).

Methods: Literature search in the PubMed database for articles published between 1988 and 2019 on SNM for OAB in women.

Results: In total, 361 articles were identified and 51 articles retrieved for the review. Read More