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Ocul Oncol Pathol 2018 Jun 22;4(4):220-224. Epub 2017 Dec 22.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, WA, USA.

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to describe a case of relapsed pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) presenting as a rapidly progressive subretinal infiltrate, as diagnosed by ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA).

Methods: We conducted a clinical pathological retrospective chart review.

Results: Eleven months after documented remission of T-cell ALL while on maintenance therapy, this 17-year-old patient presented with acute open angle glaucoma in the right eye. Read More

Trop Doct 2019 Jan 6:49475518822844. Epub 2019 Jan 6.

5 Associate Professor, Department of General Medicine, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Pondicherry, India.

Five-year clinico-laboratory data from 99 (one HIV seropositive) adults (mean age = 41.3 ± 20.4 years) who underwent bone marrow examination for fever persisting for ≥ 1 week were analysed and correlated with microbiological characteristics. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Jan;98(1):e14011

FUNDALEU, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Rationale: The gene deletion (5)(q22q35) is reported in 10-20% of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) cases and is associated with response to lenalidomide and favorable prognosis. The authors report here a clinical case of MDS transformation to B-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia (B-ALL) with an associated accrual of an additional mutation following treatment with lenalidomide.

Patient Concerns: A 69-year-old man presented with progressive anemia, normal white blood cell count, and thrombocytopenia consistent with MDS. Read More

Blood Cells Mol Dis 2018 Dec 14;75:20-25. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

M.B.B.Ch. Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.

Interleukin-17F rs763780 (7488A/G) gene polymorphism obviously affecting the expression and activity of IL17F and may affect primary immune thrombocytopenia (PIT) susceptibility and its clinical features in Egyptian children and adults. 105 ITP patients divided into (63 pediatric and 42 adult patient) and 112 age and sex matched healthy controls were enrolled in this case control study. All patients were subjected to history taking; clinical examination, CBC, bone marrow aspiration and genotyping of IL17F rs763780 polymorphism by (PCR-RFLP) technique. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Dec;97(52):e13856

Department of Hematology, The First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.

Rationale: Early T-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ETP-ALL) is a small subtype of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia with a typical immune-phenotype: lack of T-lineage cell surface markers CD1a and CD8 expression, weak or absent CD5 expression, at least one of the myeloid or hematopoietic stem cell markers. It is characterized by high rate of induction failure and the effective unified treatment strategies are still indeterminate. We present 2 ETP-ALL cases. Read More

Clin Case Rep 2018 Dec 26;6(12):2427-2430. Epub 2018 Oct 26.

Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine Buffalo General Hospital Buffalo New York.

Bone marrow aspirations are used in the diagnosis of patients with hematological disorders. Cytological diagnosis becomes difficult when aspiration is a dry tap. Smears produced from the material left in the needle following a dry tap can provide valuable information either to complement or even make an accurate diagnosis. Read More

World J Clin Cases 2018 Nov;6(14):776-780

Department of General Internal Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Iruma-gun 350-0495, Saitama, Japan.

A 19-year-old female was diagnosed with ulcerative colitis when she presented with persistent melena, and has been treated with 5-aminosalicylic acid for 4 years, with additional azathioprine for 2 years at our hospital. The patient experienced high-grade fevers, chills, and cough five d prior to presenting to the outpatient unit. At first, the patient was suspected to have developed neutropenic fever; however, she was diagnosed with Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (EB-VAHS) upon fulfilling the diagnostic criteria after bone marrow aspiration. Read More

Nat Rev Nephrol 2019 Jan;15(1):45-59

Division of Nephrology, Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.

The term monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (MGRS) was introduced by the International Kidney and Monoclonal Gammopathy Research Group (IKMG) in 2012. The IKMG met in April 2017 to refine the definition of MGRS and to update the diagnostic criteria for MGRS-related diseases. Accordingly, in this Expert Consensus Document, the IKMG redefines MGRS as a clonal proliferative disorder that produces a nephrotoxic monoclonal immunoglobulin and does not meet previously defined haematological criteria for treatment of a specific malignancy. Read More

J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2018 Nov 28. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Education and Research Hospital.

Background: Burkitt leukemia (BL) with the precursor B-cell immunophenotype is a rarely reported condition. The prognosis of such patients is similar to that of classic BL. However, the combination of chromosomal translocations associated with bcl-2 and c-myc rearrangement has a poor prognosis. Read More

Aust Vet J 2018 Dec;96(12):502-507

Willows Veterinary Centre and Referral Service, Solihull, UK.

Background: The Flat-coated Retriever (FCR) is a breed at-risk for histiocytic sarcoma (HS). A haemophagocytic form of HS (HPHS) occurs in the spleen ± other sites such as bone marrow, and is a CD11d+ disease of macrophage origin. Patients with HPHS typically present with regenerative anaemia. Read More

J Assoc Physicians India 2018 May;66(5):14-17

Clinical Pharmacologist, Bangalore, Karnataka.

Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of anti-thyroid antibodies in a cohort of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients from south India and their clinical use.

Methods: A cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted including 1217 patients aged more than 14 years with fever and thrombocytopenia admitted in the medical wards from October 2013 to September 2014. Detailed clinical examination and routine investigations were done; specific investigations like blood culture, widal test, antigen test for malaria, IgM ELISA leptospira, IgM ELISA dengue, bone marrow aspiration/biopsy etc. Read More

J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2018 Jul-Sep;30(3):342-344

Department of Pathology, Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad, Pakistan.

Background: Visceral Leishmaniasis (Kala Azar), a vector borne parasitic disease is endemic in many parts of the world including South East Asia. It is a chronic febrile ailment caused by Leishmania Donovani (LD). More than three hundred million people living in the endemic areas are at high risk and fourteen million are living with the disease. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Nov;97(47):e13161

Department of Hematology, Gui Zhou Provincial People's Hospital.

Rationale: Gaucher disease (GD), characterized by glucosylceramide accumulation in the macrophage-monocyte system, is caused by glucosidase b acid (GBA) gene mutations which lead to the deficiency of lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase. The mutation spectrum of GBA in Chinese patients is quite different from those seen in Jewish and non-Jewish Caucasian patients. Thus, it is relatively hard to diagnose GD in Chinese. Read More

Int J Hematol 2018 Nov 19. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

Department of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.

Gaucher disease (GD) is caused by a hereditary deficiency of glucocerebrosidase, resulting in accumulation of glucosylceramide and potentially manifesting as hepatosplenomegaly. We report the case of a 15-month-old boy with chronic neuronopathic GD. The patient had prolonged anemia despite continued iron supplementation for 3 months. Read More

BMC Endocr Disord 2018 Nov 19;18(1):86. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy.

Background: Thyroid lymphomas are an exceptional finding in patients with thyroid nodules. Burkitt's lymphoma is one of the rarest and most aggressive forms of thyroid lymphomas, and its prognosis depends on the earliness of medical treatment. Given the rarity of this disease, making a prompt diagnosis can be challenging. Read More

Acta Clin Croat 2018 Jun;57(2):362-365

Department of Hematology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croatia.

T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia (T-LGLL) is an uncommon but probably underdiagnosed disease caused by clonal proliferation of large granular lymphocytes. Diagnosis is typically based on the high number of morphologically characteristic lymphoid cells and finding of an abnormal immunophenotype by flow cytometry. Because of its relatively indolent clinical behavior, observation is often an appropriate therapy. Read More

Br J Haematol 2019 Jan 8;184(1). Epub 2018 Nov 8.

University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.

J Glob Oncol 2018 Nov(4):1-11

Shahin Sayed, Anderson Mutuiri, Nancy Okinda, Zahir Moloo, Abubakar Abdillah, Erick Chesori, Elizabeth Kagotho, Eunida Migide, and Donstefano Muninzwa, Aga Khan University Hospital; Jamilla Rajab, Jessie Githanga, Mary Mungania, Brian Ayara, Julia Muthua, Leah Obosy, Thaddeus Massawa, Peter K. Shikuku, and Lucy Muchiri, University of Nairobi; Okoth Obiero and Andrew K. Gachii, Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya; Andrew Field, Notre Dame University Medical School and St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia; and Sanford M. Dawsey, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD.

Purpose: Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) cytology is a simple, inexpensive, and accurate diagnostic test for benign, infectious, and malignant lesions of the breast, thyroid, lymph nodes, and other organs. Similarly, bone marrow aspiration and trephine (BMAT) biopsy procedures are relatively simple and inexpensive techniques that are important for diagnosing and monitoring many hematologic diseases including leukemias and lymphomas. However, the scarcity of pathologists in Kenya limits patient access to these simple diagnostic tests. Read More

Clin Nurs Res 2018 Nov 2:1054773818807996. Epub 2018 Nov 2.

3 University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, USA.

Clinicians routinely perform bone marrow aspiration and biopsy (BMAB) to diagnose cancer and evaluate disease status; however, few studies address pain and distress with BMAB. A prospective descriptive-correlational design examined patients' ( N = 152) ratings of pain intensity (numeric rating scale, 0-10) and distress (distress thermometer) at baseline and 5 min and 1 hr postprocedure. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square, and linear regression models. Read More

Acta Radiol 2018 Oct 31:284185118810977. Epub 2018 Oct 31.

5 Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.

Background: Focal treatment of prostate cancer recurrence is emerging and increases the demand for precision in imaging; pure detection is no longer enough and accurate localization is needed.

Purpose: To investigate the ability of anti-1-amino-3-[18F]fluorocyclobutane-1-carboxylic acid (FACBC) PET/CT to localize radio-recurrences within the prostate, compared to multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and with histopathology as the reference standard.

Material And Methods: This prospective salvage focal brachytherapy protocol included 20 patients (mean age = 66 years; age range = 57-72 years) with biochemical recurrence after primary radiotherapy. Read More

Oxf Med Case Reports 2018 Nov 22;2018(11):omy094. Epub 2018 Oct 22.

Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5, Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.

An 82-year-old man with a recurrence of pulmonary pleomorphic carcinoma was treated with pembrolizumab. He achieved partial response after three cycles of pembrolizumab. However, he developed febrile neutropenia. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2018 Oct 22;18(1):528. Epub 2018 Oct 22.

Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China.

Background: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by a novel bunyavirus named SFTS virus (SFTSV), which is classified into the genus Phlebovirus and family Phenuiviridae. Reactive plasmacytosis mimicking multiple myeloma is a very rare condition in association with SFTS. Here, we describe two SFTS cases who presented with hyperimmunoglobulinemia, as well as extensive bone marrow and peripheral blood plasmacytosis, which mimicked multiple myeloma (MM). Read More

J Assoc Physicians India 2018 Apr;66(4):33-36

Sr. Registrar.

Objectives: Febrile thrombocytopenia is a condition commonly caused by infections. The present study is intended to know the underlying etiology of fever with thrombocytopenia, the various presentations and complications in our community.

Material And Methods: A cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted including 1217 patients aged more than 14 years with fever and thrombocytopenia admitted in the medical wards from October 2013 to September 2014. Read More

J Clin Oncol 2018 Oct 22:JCO2018793497. Epub 2018 Oct 22.

Lucia Masarova and Srdan Verstovsek, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.

The Oncology Grand Rounds series is designed to place original reports published in the Journal into clinical context. A case presentation is followed by a description of diagnostic and management challenges, a review of the relevant literature, and a summary of the authors' suggested management approaches. The goal of this series is to help readers better understand how to apply the results of key studies, including those published in Journal of Clinical Oncology, to patients seen in their own clinical practice. Read More

J Bras Nefrol 2018 Oct 11. Epub 2018 Oct 11.

Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is an uncommon and life-threating condition characterized by major immune activation and massive cytokine production by mononuclear inflammatory cells, due to defects in cytotoxic lymphocyte function. It is even more unusual in renal transplant recipients, in which it is often associated with uncontrolled infection. The mortality is high in HLH and differential diagnosis with sepsis is a challenge. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018 1;9:577. Epub 2018 Oct 1.

Endocrinology of Aging Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma, Italy.

Angiosarcoma (AS) of the thyroid is a rare and aggressive tumor. Its incidence is higher in iodine-deficient areas but cases unrelated to endemic goiter have been reported. We describe a case of a 63-year-old Italian man living in a non-iodine-deficient area, with no previous diagnosis of thyroid disease with a history of radiation exposure. Read More

Breast Cancer Res 2018 Oct 16;20(1):120. Epub 2018 Oct 16.

Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.

Background: The presence of disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) in bone marrow (BM) is an independent prognostic factor in early breast cancer but does not uniformly predict outcome. Tumor cells can persist in a quiescent state over time, but clinical studies of markers predicting the awakening potential of DTCs are lacking. Recently, experiments have shown that NR2F1 (COUP-TF1) plays a key role in dormancy signaling. Read More

Cancer 2018 Oct 15;124(19):3849-3855. Epub 2018 Oct 15.

Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.

Background: The diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is based on characteristic clinical and laboratory findings and the presence of BCR/ABL1 in the blood and/or bone marrow (BM). The utility of BM core biopsy in the workup of patients with CML has been questioned.

Methods: The potential added value of BM biopsy versus aspiration in the workup of a single-institution series of 508 patients with CML at their initial presentation was systematically assessed. Read More

J Pathol Transl Med 2018 Nov 15;52(6):404-410. Epub 2018 Oct 15.

Department of Pathology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea.

Background: Fine-needle aspiration cytology serves as a safe, economical tool in evaluating thyroid nodules. However, about 30% of the samples are categorized as indeterminate. Hence, many immunocytochemistry markers have been studied, but there has not been a single outstanding marker. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Oct;97(41):e12701

Flow Cytometry Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.

Rationale: Central nervous system (CNS) infiltration of Richter's syndrome (RS) is rare and only a few cases were discussed. Of these published cases, either they were accompanied with lymph node involvement or with a history of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). To our knowledge, this is the first published case of RS of the brain and meninges diagnosed concurrently with CLL in the absence of any evidence of lymphoma outside of the CNS. Read More

Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs 2018 Oct-Dec;5(4):394-398

The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA.

Objective: Bone marrow biopsy is an essential component in the diagnosis of hematopoietic disorders. Researchers evaluated the quality of bone marrow biopsy tissue acquired with a motorized bone marrow biopsy device versus a standard manual device based on the following criteria: biopsy length, percentage of aspiration artifact/intrastromal hemorrhage, length of nonhematopoietic bone, and overall quality of the sample.

Methods: Bone marrow biopsies (motorized, = 30; manual, = 120) from two academic medical centers were evaluated by two board-certified hematopathologists. Read More

J Glob Oncol 2018 Sep 7(4):1-7. Epub 2017 Dec 7.

Nathan R. Brand, Consultant for Leidos Biomedical, Frederick; Nicholas Wolf and John Flanigan, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Nathan R. Brand, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY; Richard Njoroge and Alfred Karagu, Ministry of Health; and Alfred Karagu, National Cancer Institute of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya.

Purpose: Histology and cytopathology services are necessary for cancer diagnosis and treatment. However, the current capacity of Kenya's pathology laboratories is unknown. A national survey was conducted among public sector pathology laboratories to assess their capacity to perform histology, fine-needle aspiration, and bone marrow aspiration. Read More

Mayo Clin Proc Innov Qual Outcomes 2018 Mar 11;2(1):26-29. Epub 2017 Dec 11.

Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.

Objective: To determine the risks and outcomes of providing sedation to febrile patients scheduled for bone marrow aspiration or biopsy procedures.

Patients And Methods: During the 4-year period from January 1, 2013, through December 31, 2016, data from the periprocedural courses of 12,134 consecutive patients in an outpatient procedure center at a large tertiary medical center were collected retrospectively and analyzed to determine whether febrile patients undergoing bone marrow aspiration and/or biopsy with propofol sedation present a unique patient safety risk.

Results: Eighty-four patients (0. Read More

Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2018 Oct 23;32(5):811-820. Epub 2018 Jul 23.

Bing Center for Waldenström Macroglobulinemia, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline Avenue, Mayer 221, Boston, MA 02215, USA.

The initial evaluation of the patient with Waldenström macroglobulinemia can be challenging. Not only is it a rare disease, but the clinical features can vary greatly from patient to patient. In this article, we aim at providing concise and practical recommendations for the initial evaluation of patients with Waldenström macroglobulinemia, specifically regarding history taking, physical examination, laboratory testing, bone marrow aspiration, and biopsy evaluation and imaging studies. Read More

Pathogens 2018 Sep 5;7(3). Epub 2018 Sep 5.

School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain.

An immunocompetent 82-year-old female was admitted to our hospital due to fever without clear origin and hyponatremia. In the following days, an acute and bilateral pulmonary infiltrate appeared with a progressive worsening in respiratory function. Chest x-ray and CT (Computed tomography) showed bilateral reticulonodular infiltrates. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2018 Sep 4;19:1057-1062. Epub 2018 Sep 4.

Department of General Medicine, Saga University Hospital, Saga City, Saga, Japan.

BACKGROUND Although diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in adults, isolated cardiac recurrence of DLBCL which can cause fatal heart failure via various mechanisms is extremely rare. Furthermore, the frequency of recurrence of DLBCL more than 5 years after attaining complete remission is as low as 3.6%. Read More

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2018 Sep;28(9):S169-S171

Department of Histopathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Rawalpindi.

Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia (TRMA) syndrome is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder characterised by a triad of megaloblastic anemia, diabetes mellitus, and sensorineural deafness. We report a case of 2-year-old girl whose anemia improved following administration of thiamine. She came with the history of persistent anaemia for the last one year. Read More

Malays J Pathol 2018 Aug;40(2):191-197

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Introduction: Essential thrombocythaemia (ET) is a chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) characterised by persistent thombocytosis. It is an indolent disorder but transformation to myelofibrosis (MF), acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) or myelodyplastic syndrome (MDS) has been reported.

Case Report: We described a patient with ET whose disease evolved into MDS with fibrosis and complex karyotype after 15 years of stable disease. Read More

Am J Forensic Med Pathol 2018 Dec;39(4):345-347

Department of Forensic Medicine, Clinical Centre of Montenegro, Faculty of Medicine University of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro.

Iatrogenic penetrating injuries of the thoracic aorta are rare. When surgical treatment is delayed or unavailable, they are associated with high mortality. Herein we present a case of a 36-year-old woman who had a sternal marrow biopsy performed due to laboratory-confirmed pancytopenia. Read More

Cartilage 2018 Aug 30:1947603518796142. Epub 2018 Aug 30.

6 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA.

Objective Bone marrow aspiration and concentration (BMAC) is becoming a more common regenerative therapy for musculoskeletal pathology. In our current pilot study, we studied patients with mild-to-moderate bilateral knee osteoarthritis, compared pain at 12-month follow-up between BMAC-injected and saline-injected knees, and examined cartilage appearance measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T2 quantitative mapping. Design Twenty-five patients with mild-to-moderate bilateral osteoarthritic knee pain were randomized to receive BMAC into one knee and saline placebo into the other. Read More

Ann Clin Lab Sci 2018 Jul;48(4):517-521

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA

Context: Avoiding procedure-related morphologic distortion such as fragmentation and crush artifact is critical in bone marrow diagnosis. Use of a hammer or mallet, although infrequent, is a known technique of advancing the biopsy needle during specimen collection.

Objectives: We performed a double-blinded, retrospective review of bone marrow biopsies collected by the Interventional Radiology department at our institution in order to assess specimen quality by using this technique. Read More

Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2018 Jul 11;34(3):540-543. Epub 2017 Sep 11.

2Department of Medicine, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, India.

Bone marrow examination is integral to the diagnosis of hematological and many non-hematologic disorders. With increase in the elderly population, rise in the incidence of age-related health conditions is being observed. There are few published studies on the disorders involving the bone marrow exclusively in the geriatric age group. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2018 Aug 21;12(1):241. Epub 2018 Aug 21.

Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea.

Background: Amyloidosis is a very rare disease that is difficult to diagnose because of the unspecific early clinical manifestations of the disease. Accurate and early diagnosis is extremely important because the effect of treatment is dependent on the extent of disease progression. Sicca syndrome and nail dystrophy are very rare symptoms of amyloidosis. Read More

Parasitol Res 2018 Nov 13;117(11):3447-3458. Epub 2018 Aug 13.

Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is endemic in Iran and is caused predominantly by Leishmania infantum, but L. tropica is emerging as an important cause. We studied the intra-species population structure of Leishmania spp. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Aug 11;2018. Epub 2018 Aug 11.

Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.

A previously healthy 37-year-old man presented with a 10-month history of intractable back pain. On examination, there was tenderness to palpation along lower thoracic and lumbar spine. Complete blood count showed mild anaemia but was otherwise unremarkable. Read More

J Cytol 2018 Jul-Sep;35(3):189-192

Department of Pathology, NKP Salve Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.

Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) is a compensatory mechanism that occurs when the marrow is unable to maintain sufficient red cell mass. EMH generally occurs in the patients with deficient bone marrow hematopoiesis secondary to either peripheral red cell destruction or marrow replacement. Although EMH is known to occur in agnogenic myeloid metaplasia with myelofibrosis, chronic myelogenous leukemia, thalassemia, and infiltrative disorders, such as lymphomas, it is rare in acute leukemias. Read More

Br J Anaesth 2018 Aug 22;121(2):445-452. Epub 2018 Jun 22.

Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Management Department, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.

Background: The aim of our study was to compare the efficacy of dexmedetomidine, ketamine, and midazolam for sedative premedication administered by nebuliser 30 min before general anaesthesia in preschool children undergoing bone marrow biopsy and aspiration.

Methods: Ninety children aged 3-7 yr were randomly allocated into three equal groups to be premedicated with either nebulised ketamine 2 mg kg (Group K), dexmedetomidine 2 μg kg (Group D), or midazolam 0.2 mg kg (Group M). Read More

J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2018 Jul 19. Epub 2018 Jul 19.

Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan.

Syncytial variant of nodular sclerosis (SV-NS) classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) with its histologic features and clinical presentation is uncommon in adults and extremely rare in children. Here, we report a female teenager presenting with long-standing B symptoms, prominent soft tissue and bone involvement mimicking sarcoma and significant nodal disease who is diagnosed with advanced SV-NS cHL. Rare Reed-Sternberg-like cells displaying neutrophil and erythrocyte emperipolesis were seen on bone marrow aspiration slides. Read More

Indian J Pathol Microbiol 2018 Jul-Sep;61(3):434-436

Associate professor, Department of Pathology, NKP Salve Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.

We report a rare case of an 83-year-old male with synchronous occurrence of prostate adenocarcinoma and multiple myeloma. He presented with lower back pain and incontinence of urine for the past 6 months. Routine hematological and biochemical investigations were performed which pointed toward prostate adenocarcinoma. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Jul;97(27):e11361

Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu.

Rationale: Gaucher disease (GD) is an autosomal recessive disorder that leads to multiorgan complications caused by β-glucocerebrosidase deficiency due to mutations in the β-glucocerebrosidase-encoding gene (GBA). GD morbidity in Japan is quite rare and clinical phenotype and gene mutation patterns of patients with GD in Japan and Western countries differ considerably. Of Japanese patients with GD, 57% develop types 2 or 3 GD with neurologic manifestations and younger onset, whereas only 6% of patients with GD develop those manifestations in Western countries. Read More