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J Clin Periodontol 2019 Jan 9. Epub 2019 Jan 9.

Department of Periodontology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (Spain).

Purpose: The aim of this systematic review was to critically analyze the available evidence on the effect of different modalities of alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) as compared to tooth extraction alone in function of relevant clinical, radiographic and patient-centered outcomes.

Material And Methods: A comprehensive search aimed at identifying pertinent literature for the purpose of this review was conducted by two independent examiners. Only randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that met the eligibility criteria were selected. Read More

Biomater Res 2018 29;22:38. Epub 2018 Dec 29.

2Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.

Autologous bone remains the gold standard grafting substrate for bone fusions used for small gaps and critical defects. However, significant morbidity is associated with the harvesting of autologous bone grafts and, for that reason, alternative bone graft substitutes have been developed. In the present case series, a glass-reinforced hydroxyapatite synthetic bone substitute, with osteoinductive and osteoconductive proprieties, was applied. Read More

Clin Oral Investig 2019 Jan 8. Epub 2019 Jan 8.

Clinic for Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland.

Objectives: To investigate whether one of two synthetic bone substitute materials used for ridge preservation in the extraction sockets with buccal dehiscence defects was superior regarding new bone formation and ridge preservation and to compare it to sites left for spontaneous healing.

Materials And Methods: In sixteen dogs, P3 and P4 were hemi-sectioned and the respective distal roots were extracted. Following the preparation of a mucoperiosteal flap without vertical releasing incisions, 50% of the buccal bone was carefully removed. Read More

Clin Oral Investig 2019 Jan 7. Epub 2019 Jan 7.

Department of Periodontology, the Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.

Objective: The aim of this study was to histomorphometrically test the hypothesis that graft consolidation originates from the sinus floor.

Materials And Methods: This prospective, randomized split-mouth study investigated patients undergoing bilateral maxillary lateral sinus floor augmentation using either freeze-dried bone allografts (FDBAs) or biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) bone substitute. Apico-coronal core biopsies were harvested during implant placement 9 months after sinus floor augmentation, processed for histological observation, and measured histomorphometrically. Read More

Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2018 12 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Purpose: Scientific publications have recently found that bone graft quality and implant survival rates were not influenced by antrostomy membrane coverage during maxillary sinus floor augmentation with a lateral approach. The aim of this study was to evaluate the stability of the bone substitute after a maxillary sinus floor augmentation procedure with or without using a covering membrane.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study evaluated all patients who were enrolled between April 2016 and January 2017. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2018 5;2018:8503427. Epub 2018 Nov 5.

Unit of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, University of Rome "Sapienza", Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria "Sant'Andrea", Rome, Italy.

Traumatic, neoplastic, inflammatory, or infective dental removal promotes a gradual resorption process of bone which leads to a "nonuse" atrophy of the alveolar ridges. Many techniques allows restoring an appropriate bone thickness, but nowadays the attention is focused on the use of natural or synthetic grafts. Numerous studies have been conducted to develop and test new synthetic materials. Read More

Eur J Oral Implantol 2018 ;11(4):441-452

Purpose: The objective of this 3-year post-loading parallel randomised controlled trial is to compare two bone substitutes and resorbable membranes in a one-stage procedure for horizontal bone augmentation: anorganic bovine bone and porcine collagen membranes (BB group) versus synthetic resorbable bone graft substitute made of pure β-tricalcium phosphate and porcine pericardium collagen membranes (CJ group).

Materials And Methods: Patients in need of implant treatment having at least one site with horizontal osseous defect at a private clinic in Rimini, Italy, were included in this study. Patients were randomised to receive either BB or CJ in a one-stage procedure for horizontal bone augmentation in a submerged approach. Read More

J Funct Biomater 2018 Dec 2;9(4). Epub 2018 Dec 2.

Institute of Applied Geosciences, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany.

Synthetic materials based on calcium phosphate (CaP) are frequently used as bone graft substitutes when natural bone grafts are not available or not suitable. Chemical similarity to bone guarantees the biocompatibility of synthetic CaP materials, whereas macroporosity enables their integration into the natural bone tissue. To restore optimum mechanical performance after the grafting procedure, gradual resorption of CaP implants and simultaneous replacement by natural bone is desirable. Read More

J Funct Biomater 2018 Nov 23;9(4). Epub 2018 Nov 23.

Institute of Applied Geosciences, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany.

Porous calcium phosphate (CaP) materials as bone graft substitutes can be prepared from Ca carbonate biomineral structures by hydrothermal conversion into pseudomorphic CaP scaffolds. The present study aims at furnishing such phosphatized Ca carbonate biomineral (PCCB) materials with antibacterial Ag ions in order to avoid perisurgical wound infections. Prior to this study, PCCB materials with Mg and/or Sr ions incorporated for stimulating bone formation were prepared from coral skeletons and sea urchin spines as starting materials. Read More

Biomaterials 2019 Feb 9;192:118-127. Epub 2018 Nov 9.

Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Switzerland. Electronic address:

Large and complex bone defects represent challenging clinical scenarios, typically requiring autologous vascularized bone transplants. In order to bypass the numerous associated limitations, here we aimed at ectopically prefabricating a bone graft surrogate with vascular pedicle. A hollow cylinder of devitalized cancellous bone was used to define the space of a large bone substitute. Read More

Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2019 Jan 19;94:385-392. Epub 2018 Sep 19.

Department of Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, South Korea; Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, South Korea. Electronic address:

Calcium phosphate brushite type of cements have been used to replace bone graft materials because of their biocompatibility and other attractive features. Especially, injectability of cement allows easy handling of minimally invasive surgical techniques. New calcium phosphate cement (CPC) system, brushite based cement incorporated into polyelectrolyte complex, was developed in this study. Read More

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2018 Oct 30. Epub 2018 Oct 30.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the progression rate of bone union and clinical outcomes of opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) using allogenous bone chip or tri-calcium phosphate (TCP) granule as bone graft materials. The hypothesis was that the bone union progression in OWHTOs using TCP granule grafts would be comparable to that of OWHTOs using allogenous bone chip grafts.

Methods: Between 2011 and 2013, 54 patients who had undergone OWHTO for genu varum and osteoarthritis were randomized to one of the two groups at five centres. Read More

Materials (Basel) 2018 Oct 17;11(10). Epub 2018 Oct 17.

Departments of Periodontics, Implant Dentistry, and Oral Surgery, New York University College of Dentistry, 345 E 24th Street, New York, NY 10010, USA.

Bioactive alloplastic materials, like beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and calcium sulfate (CS), have been extensively researched and are currently used in orthopedic and dental bone regenerative procedures. The purpose of this study was to compare the performance of EthOss versus a bovine xenograft and spontaneous healing. The grafting materials were implanted in standardized 8 mm circular bicortical bone defects in rabbit calvariae. Read More

J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2018 Sep 25. Epub 2018 Sep 25.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate bone healing in calvarial defects using two bone graft substitute materials; biphasic beta-tricalcium phosphate/hydroxyapatite in hydrogel (ß-TCP/HA) versus composite non-demineralized xenogenic dentin with ß-TCP/HA mixture. Full thickness critical-sized defects were created bilaterally in 10 New Zealand male rabbits. Seven defects were left empty, six filled with biphasic tricalcium phosphate putty, and seven were filled with composite non-demineralized xenogenic dentin with biphasic tricalcium phosphate. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2018 Sep 23;19(10). Epub 2018 Sep 23.

Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.

Bone grafts, i.e., autologous, allogeneic or synthetic bone substitute materials play an increasing role in reconstructive orthopedic surgery. Read More

Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2018 Sep/Oct;33(5):1057-1063

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the volumetric alterations and osseointegration properties in the augmented area of the ring technique using different types of bone graft material in sheep mandible bone.

Materials And Methods: Three different materials (columnar forms, 7-mm diameter, 3-mm height) were stabilized using dental implants with a turned surface in the mandible bone of Finnish Dorset cross-bred sheep: group A, autogenous bone; group B, bovine bone; group C, biphasic bone substitute. Animals were euthanized after 5 weeks (N = 6). Read More

Int Orthop 2018 Nov 15;42(11):2619-2626. Epub 2018 Sep 15.

Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Laboratory for Mineralized Tissues, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Salata 11, Zagreb, Croatia.

Bone fractures represent a significant medical morbidity among aged population with osteoporosis. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are suggested to have therapeutic potential to enhance fracture healing in such patients. Though BMP-mediated fracture healing has been well-documented in preclinical models, there has been no clinical study that demonstrated unequivocally that indeed a BMP when presented with an appropriate scaffold could provide basis for robust outcome for delayed or non-union diaphyseal bone fractures. Read More

Materials (Basel) 2018 Sep 13;11(9). Epub 2018 Sep 13.

Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.

Bone is a vascularized and connective tissue. The cortical bone is the main part responsible for the support and protection of the remaining systems and organs of the body. The trabecular spongy bone serves as the storage of ions and bone marrow. Read More

Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018 Jul;32(7):815-820

Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P.R.China.

Artificial bone repair material is the best substitute for autologous bone transplantation. Bone repair materials are constantly being replaced and upgraded, which can be roughly divided into three generations: bioinert materials, bioactive materials, and smart materials. Research and development of bone repair materials with multiple biological activities, degradation property that perfectly fit for new bone formation, and ability of complete reconstruction of bone tissue in physiological state are the focus of future research. Read More

Med Biol Eng Comput 2019 Jan 16;57(1):311-324. Epub 2018 Aug 16.

Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, PO Box 1109, Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway.

TiO scaffolds have previously shown to have promising osteoconductive properties in previous in vivo experiments. Appropriate mechanical stimuli can further promote this osteoconductive behaviour. However, the complex mechanical environment and the mechanical stimuli enhancing bone regeneration for porous bioceramics have not yet been fully elucidated. Read More

Materials (Basel) 2018 Aug 3;11(8). Epub 2018 Aug 3.

Cell Therapy Unit, IMIB-University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Faculty of Medicin, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain.

: Cell-Based Therapies (CBT) constitute a valid procedure for increasing the quantity and quality of bone in areas with an inadequate bone volume. However, safety and efficacy should be investigated prior to clinical application. The objective of this study was to evaluate the biodistribution, safety and osteogenic capacity of bone marrow-derived human mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) pre-seeded into β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and implanted into NOD/SCID mice at subcutaneous and intramuscular sites. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2018 27;2018:9430989. Epub 2018 Jun 27.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Objectives: To evaluate the performances of six different bone substitute materials used as graft in maxillary sinus augmentation by means of histological and histomorphometric analysis of bone biopsies retrieved from human subjects after a 6-month healing period.

Materials And Methods: Six consecutive patients (3 males, 3 females, aged 50-72 years), healthy, nonsmokers, and with good oral hygiene, presenting edentulous posterior maxilla with a residual bone crest measuring ≤ 4 mm in vertical height and 3 to 5 mm in horizontal thickness at radiographic examination, were selected to receive sinus augmentation and delayed implant placement. Under randomized conditions, sinus augmentation procedures were carried out using mineralized solvent-dehydrated bone allograft (MCBA), freeze-dried mineralized bone allograft (FDBA), anorganic bovine bone (ABB), equine-derived bone (EB), synthetic micro-macroporous biphasic calcium-phosphate block consisting of 70% beta-tricalcium phosphate and 30% hydroxyapatite (HA--TCP 30/70), or bioapatite-collagen (BC). Read More

Nanomaterials (Basel) 2018 Jul 26;8(8). Epub 2018 Jul 26.

Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City 20224, Taiwan.

Hydroxyapatite (HAp), a major inorganic and essential component of normal bone and teeth, is a promising biomaterial due to its excellent biocompatibility, bioactivity, and osteoconductivity. Therefore, synthetic HAp has been widely used as a bone substitute, cell carrier, and delivery carrier of therapeutic genes or drugs. Mesoporous materials have attracted considerable attention due to their relatively high surface area, large pore volume, high porosity, and tunable pore size. Read More

Acta Stomatol Croat 2018 Mar;52(1):53-60

Department of Oral Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Prishtina, Dental Branch, 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo.

Cystic lesions of the jaws such as keratocysts (scientific community still continues to use the term 'odontogenic keratocyst' more favourably than 'keratocystic odontogenic tumour' although both terms remain acceptable synonyms), follicular cysts, radicular cysts, and residual cysts may reach large proportions, causing considerable bone destruction. Enucleation of cystic lesions in the jaw produces bone defects, which may recover spontaneously or with assisted healing with the use of autogenous bone graft or other bone substitute materials. This clinical study presents a spontaneous bone regeneration after residual cyst enucleation in the distal part of the maxilla. Read More

J Appl Oral Sci 2018 Jul 16;26:e20170396. Epub 2018 Jul 16.

Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Departamento de Cirurgia, Estomatologia, Patologia e Radiologia, Bauru, São Paulo, Brasil.

Objective: It is necessary to preserve height and thickness of the alveolar bone to facilitate rehabilitation with osteointegratable implants or simply to maintain bone integrity after extraction. Biomaterials associated with resorbable or non-resorbable membranes, when placed in the region of the socket, may contribute to avoid this unwanted reabsorption.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the distance of the crest of alveolar ridge to the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) of the lower second molars and the bone density of the third molar socket filled with Gen-Tech®, 5 years after an exodontia using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to visualize the central region of the sockets, without overlapping of the buccal and lingual cortical bones. Read More

Biotechnol Bioeng 2018 Sep 11;115(9):2365-2376. Epub 2018 Jul 11.

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey.

The treatment of large segmental bone defects remains a challenge as infection, delayed union, and nonunion are common postoperative complications. A three-dimensional printed bioresorbable and physiologically load-sustaining graft substitute was developed to mimic native bone tissue for segmental bone repair. Fabricated from polylactic acid, this graft substitute is novel as it is readily customizable to accommodate the particular size and location of the segmental bone of the patient to be replaced. Read More

Biomater Sci 2018 Jul;6(8):2156-2171

Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation & the Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4059, Australia.

Successful bone healing depends significantly on the structure of blood clots and the functional responses of blood cells. Despite the importance of blood clots in osteogenesis, few studies have investigated the effects of blood clots during material-mediated bone regeneration. In this study, we implanted the bone graft substitute hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate (HA/TCP) subcutaneously, with or without blood prefabrication, to evaluate the effects of blood clots on material-mediated bone formation. Read More

Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2018 September/October;33(5):1089–1096. Epub 2018 Jun 12.

Purpose: Sinus floor elevation using the lateral approach and bone window repositioning and a xenogeneic bone substitute (Cerabone) has been well documented clinically. The purpose of this histologic and histomorphometric study was to determine the fate of the window, its contributing role in the healing process, and the osseoconductivity and resorption potential of the high-temperature sintered bovine bone used, as well as to correlate the histomorphometric results with sinus depth and lateral wall thickness as determined on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials And Methods: Thirty biopsy specimens were harvested from the lateral side of the maxilla of patients operated on for sinus floor elevation and implant placement at two postoperative periods: early, group 1 (mean: 5. Read More

J Mater Sci Mater Med 2018 Jun 1;29(6):78. Epub 2018 Jun 1.

Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, Laboratory BioTis, UMR 1026, F-33076, Bordeaux, France.

Due to its biological properties, human amniotic membrane (hAM) is widely studied in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. hAM is already very attractive for wound healing and it may be helpful as a support for bone regeneration. However, few studies assessed its potential for guided bone regeneration (GBR). Read More

Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018 Nov 26;47(11):1481-1487. Epub 2018 May 26.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany.

In 2016, we reported the world's first reconstruction of a mandibular discontinuity defect using a custom-made bone transplant that had been prefabricated in the gastrocolic omentum using tissue engineering strategies. However, the tissue of an engineered human neomandible has not been evaluated histologically until now. The current study assessed the long-term histological characteristics of biopsies of the neomandible 9months after transplantation. Read More

Eur J Oral Implantol 2018;11(2):145-161

Purpose: To compare the clinical outcome of immediately loaded cross-arch maxillary prostheses supported by zygomatic implants vs conventional implants placed in augmented bone.

Materials And Methods: In total, 71 edentulous patients with severely atrophic maxillas without sufficient bone volumes for placing dental implants, or when it was possible to place only two implants in the anterior area (minimal diameter 3.5 mm and length of 8 mm) and less than 4 mm of bone height subantrally, were randomised according to a parallel group design to receive zygomatic implants (35 patients) to be loaded immediately vs grafting with a xenograft, followed after 6 months of graft consolidation by placement of six to eight conventional dental implants submerged for 4 months (36 patients). Read More

J Oral Implantol 2018 Oct 21;44(5):345-351. Epub 2018 May 21.

Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine (FORM-Lab), Department of Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, Medical Center of the Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

Autologous bone transfer is regarded as the gold standard for ridge augmentation before dental implantation, especially in severe bony defects caused by tumor resection or atrophy. In addition to the advantages of autologous bone, transplantation has several disadvantages, such as secondary operation, increased morbidity and pain. The present study reports, for the first time, a combination of a xenogeneic bone substitute (BO) with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), which is a fully autologous blood concentrate derived from the patient's own peripheral blood by centrifugation. Read More

Cell Tissue Res 2018 Oct 1;374(1):63-81. Epub 2018 May 1.

Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.

Long bone defects comprise one of the most prevalent clinical problems worldwide and the current bone grafting materials have major limitations to repair them. Although tremendous efforts have been made to repair critical-sized long bone defects in animal models, designing an optimal bone tissue-engineered substitute remains one of the main challenges. Hence, this study aims to closely mimic a natural bone healing process by a tissue-engineered construct including osteoinductive materials pre-seeded with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Read More

Ann Anat 2018 Jul 26;218:265-270. Epub 2018 Apr 26.

CIR Dental School, Department of Surgical Sciences UNITO, via Nizza 230, 10126 Turin, Italy.

Objective: Plasma of argon treatment was demonstrated to increase material surface energy leading to stronger and faster interaction with cells. The aim of the present in vitro study was to test the effect of plasma treatment on different graft materials.

Materials And Methods: Synthetic hydroxyapatite (Mg-HA), biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), cancellous and cortical xenogeneic bone matrices (CaBM, CoBM) were used representing commonly used classes of bone substitute materials. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2018 Jul - Aug;57(4):707-711. Epub 2018 Apr 24.

Foot and Ankle Surgeon, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, BayCare Clinic, Green Bay, WI.

Bone grafting is a common procedure in foot and ankle surgery. Because autogenous graft use results in comorbidity to the patient, the search has been ongoing for the ideal substitute. A novel processing technique for allograft using bone marrow, which retains many of the growth factors, has shown promise in the spinal data and early reports of foot and ankle surgery. Read More

Clin Oral Investig 2019 Jan 26;23(1):413-421. Epub 2018 Apr 26.

Discipline of Histology and Embriology, Department of Basic Sciences, São Paulo State University - FOA/UNESP, Rua Paul Harris 1100, Casa 03, Jardim Nova Iorque Araçatuba, SP, 18016-110, Brazil.

Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze bone matrix (BMX) organization after bone grafting and repair using a new bioactive glass-ceramic (Biosilicate) associated or not with particulate autogenous bone graft.

Material And Methods: Thirty rabbits underwent surgical bilateral parietal defects and divided into groups according to the materials used: (C) control-blood clot, (BG) particulate autogenous bone, (BS) bioactive glass-ceramic, and BG + BS. After 7, 14, and 30 days post-surgery, a fragment of each specimen was fixed in - 80 °C liquid nitrogen for zymographic evaluation, while the remaining was fixed in 10% formalin for histological birefringence analysis. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2018 26;2018:2860367. Epub 2018 Feb 26.

Department of Periodontics and Dental Implant Research Center, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Background: This study aims to analyze the effect of Semelil, an herbal selenium-based medicine, on osteogenesis in rabbit calvarium defects.

Methods: Four identical bony defects (8 mm) were created in the calvarium of 16 New Zealand male rabbits and filled randomly with xenogenic bone substitute material (Bio-Oss®) and semelil herbal drug (ANGIPARS™). One site was filled with Bio-Oss (B); the second site was treated with ANGIPARS (A); the third site was treated with ANGIPARS + Bio-Oss (AB); and the fourth site was left as untreated control (C) and defects were left unfilled. Read More

Clin Oral Implants Res 2018 May 1;29(5):522-529. Epub 2018 Apr 1.

Implant Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking, China.

Aim: The aim of this split-mouth randomized controlled study was to evaluate radiographic dimensional changes after tooth extraction in posterior sites treated with a ridge preservation technique or left for spontaneous healing.

Materials And Methods: In a total of 18 patients, tooth extraction in posterior sites of the upper and lower jaw was performed in a split-mouth design. The post-extraction sockets were randomly assigned to the following two treatment modalities: deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) with 10% collagen (DBBM-C) covered with a native bilayer collagen membrane (NBCM) (test group) and spontaneous healing (control group). Read More

J Orthop Case Rep 2017 Nov-Dec;7(6):31-35

Department of Orthopaedics, Institute Codivilla-Putti, Via Codivilla, 132043 Cortina dAmpezzo, Belluno. Italy.

Introduction: Non-unions at forearms are usually challenging and difficult to treat. If additionally, an infection is present, reconstructive surgery should be planned only after full debridement, antibiotic treatment, and confirmation, based on clinical observation and laboratory tests that the infection has subsided. Bone grafting may be required for reconstruction. Read More

Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018 Aug 20;47(8):1086-1094. Epub 2018 Mar 20.

Department of Periodontology, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.

The use of two particulate bone graft substitute materials in experimental narrow marginal peri-implant bone defects was investigated with respect to early bone healing and implant stability. Porous titanium granules, oxidized white porous titanium granules (WPTG), and demineralized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) were characterized in vitro, after which the two latter materials were tested in experimental peri-implant bone defects in six minipigs, with empty defects as control. After mandibular premolar extraction, the top 5mm of the alveoli were widened to 6mm in diameter, followed by the placement of six implants, three on each side, in each pig. Read More

Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2018 May 21;86:121-128. Epub 2017 Nov 21.

Orthopaedics-Traumatology Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, Tunisia.

Biocomposites consisting of β Tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) with 26.52% Fluorapatite (Fap) were elaborated and characterized in order to evaluate it potential application in bone graft substitute. Bioactivity was determined with in vitro tests by immersion of samples in simulated fluid body for several periods of times. Read More

Future Microbiol 2018 04 9;13:525-533. Epub 2018 Mar 9.

Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry & Microbiology, IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopaedic Institute, Milan, Italy.

Aim: To evaluate the suitability of bioactive glass (BAG)-S53P4 as a bone-graft extender for large bony defect filling in bone and joint infection.

Materials & Methods: Antimicrobial activity of BAG-S53P4 against clinically relevant strains isolated from bone and joint infections was evaluated by means of time-kill curves in presence of bone graft. Furthermore, the susceptibility to BAG of strains resistant to vancomycin and gentamicin was assessed. Read More

Materials (Basel) 2018 Feb 24;11(2). Epub 2018 Feb 24.

Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Microbiology, IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopaedic Institute, 20161 Milan, Italy.

Bone defects caused by trauma or pathological events are major clinical and socioeconomic burdens. Thus, the efforts of regenerative medicine have been focused on the development of non-biodegradable materials resembling bone features. Consequently, the use of bioactive glass as a promising alternative to inert graft materials has been proposed. Read More

Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2018 Jun 26;20(3):416-423. Epub 2018 Feb 26.

Department of engineering physics, Cairo university, Giza, Egypt.

Background: Natural polymer composite materials are becoming increasingly important as scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Composite materials based on combinations of biodegradable polymers and bioactive ceramics, including CTS and Hap.

Purpose: β-Chitosan/n-HA composite with different percentages was prepared. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2018 May;29(3):584-593

Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA.

Alveolar cleft reconstruction has historically relied on autologous iliac crest bone grafting (ICBG), but donor site morbidity, pain, and prolonged hospitalization have prompted the search for bone graft substitutes. The authors evaluated bone graft substitutes with the highest levels of evidence, and highlight the products that show promise in alveolar cleft repair and in maxillary augmentation. This comprehensive review guides the craniofacial surgeon toward safe and informed utilization of biomaterials in the alveolar cleft. Read More

J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018 May 31;76(5):1091.e1-1091.e8. Epub 2018 Jan 31.

Specialist in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Joao de Barros Barreto Hospital, Belém; Master Student in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil. Electronic address:

Patients with considerable maxillomandibular anteroposterior discrepancies and maxillary hypoplasia require corrective treatment through orthognathic surgery. However, in the treatment of severe maxillary retrognathism, it is necessary to reconstruct areas of bone deficiency through grafting techniques in addition to maxillary advancement using only the Le Fort I osteotomy. Treatment in these patients is more challenging and requires high surgical predictability. Read More

J Control Release 2018 Mar 1;274:35-55. Epub 2018 Feb 1.

Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Electronic address:

Treatment of critical-size bone defects is a major medical challenge since neither the bone tissue can regenerate nor current regenerative approaches are effective. Emerging progresses in the field of nanotechnology have resulted in the development of new materials, scaffolds and drug delivery strategies to improve or restore the damaged tissues. The current article reviews promising nanomaterials and emerging micro/nano fabrication techniques for targeted delivery of biomolecules for bone tissue regeneration. Read More

J Appl Oral Sci 2018 Jan 18;26:e20170084. Epub 2018 Jan 18.

Universidade Federal Fluminense, Faculdade de Odontologia, Laboratório Associado de Pesquisa Clínica em Odontologia, Niterói, RJ, Brasil.

This study aimed to evaluate bone repair in rat dental sockets after implanting nanostructured carbonated hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate (CHA) and nanostructured carbonated hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate containing 5% strontium microspheres (SrCHA) as bone substitute materials. Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two experimental groups: CHA and SrCHA (n=5/period/group). After one and 6 weeks of extraction of the right maxillary central incisor and biomaterial implantation, 5 μm bone blocks were obtained for histomorphometric evaluation. Read More

Clin Oral Implants Res 2018 Mar 18;29(3):339-345. Epub 2018 Jan 18.

Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.

Objective: This study of a human autopsy case aimed to characterize the histologic and micro-computed tomographic results of maxillary sinus augmentation using a synthetic bone substitute and simultaneous implant placement at 6 years.

Material And Methods: This report is based on the whole-body donation of a 62-year-old male patient who died due to bladder cancer. Implants had been placed in conjunction with sinus augmentation using a mixture of biphasic calcium phosphate and autogenous bone into both maxillary sinuses 6 years prior to the body donation. Read More

Mar Drugs 2018 Jan 13;16(1). Epub 2018 Jan 13.

Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Odontostomatological Specialties, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80121 Naples, Italy.

The aim of the present investigation was to systematically analyse the literature on the facial bone reconstruction defect using marine collagen or not and to evaluate a predictable treatment for their clinical management. The revision has been performed by searched MEDLINE and EMBASE databases from 2007 to 2017. Clinical trials and animal in vitro studies that had reported the application of bone substitutes or not for bone reconstruction defect and using marine collagen or other bone substitute material were recorded following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Read More