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Dermatol Ther 2020 Jul 2. Epub 2020 Jul 2.

Additional Professor, Department of dermatology, Kozhikkod medical college, India.

Eur Heart J Case Rep 2020 Jun 3;4(3):1-5. Epub 2020 May 3.

Department of Cardiology, Osmania General Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Background: Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder resulting from deficiency of thyroid hormone, with iodine deficiency remains the foremost cause. It is more common in women with increasing incidence in the elderly. The manifestations of hypothyroidism results from the hypometabolism in the body at cellular level and affects all organs. Read More

Dermatol Ther 2020 Jun 28:e13910. Epub 2020 Jun 28.

University of Guglielmo Marconi, Rome, Italy.

There is a significant psychiatric comorbidity that exists in multiple dermatological conditions, stemming from the patient's own psychological make up. This article reviews personality disorders and their types, which influence the course and prognosis of several psychodermatological disorders. Self-inflicted skin lesions, for example, are usually associated with obsessive-compulsive behavior, but they also share connections to Narcissistic and Borderline personality disorders. Read More

J Med Ethics 2020 Jun 24. Epub 2020 Jun 24.

Department of Psychiatry, NHS Lanarkshire Mental Health Services, Glasgow, Scotland, UK

Objectives: To identify and analyse ethical considerations raised when individuals with body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) consult for non-surgical cosmetic procedures.

Methods: Ethical analysis was conducted addressing the issues of best interests and capacity to consent for non-surgical cosmetic procedures in individuals with BDD. Analysis was informed by the findings of semistructured interviews with non-surgical cosmetic practitioners and mental health professionals. Read More

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2020 Jun 18;8(6):e16350. Epub 2020 Jun 18.

Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.

Background: Smartphone-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is becoming more common, but research on the topic remains in its infancy. Little is known about how people typically engage with smartphone CBT or which engagement and mobility patterns may optimize treatment. Passive smartphone data offer a unique opportunity to gain insight into these knowledge gaps. Read More

Body Image 2020 Jun 14;34:167-174. Epub 2020 Jun 14.

Psychology Department, San Diego State University, 6363 Alvarado Court, Suite 101, San Diego, CA 92120, USA; Psychology Department, San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, 6363 Alvarado Court, Suite 101, San Diego, CA 92120, USA.

Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) has a prevalence rate of 2.4 % among U.S. Read More

Int Med Case Rep J 2020 14;13:159-163. Epub 2020 May 14.

Department of Vascular Surgery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

Background: Seckel syndrome is a rare genetic disorder with autosomal recessive inheritance. It is characterized by dysmorphic features, intrauterine and postnatal growth restriction, microcephaly and mental retardation. Although cardiovascular complications are not prevalent in this syndrome, severe sinus bradycardia, hypertension and brain vasculopathy are reported. Read More

Asian J Psychiatr 2020 May 20;53:102110. Epub 2020 May 20.

Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health-Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, International Campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address:

The aim of this study is comparing directly the BDD and OCD disorders in terms of similarities and differences in memory function for the first time. 19 BDD patients, 15 OCD patients and 26 individuals in a healthy control group were recruited from three hospitals in Tehran. They were administered the following subtests of the Wechsler Memory Scale: logical memory (immediate and delayed), verbal paired association (immediate and delayed), digit span and spatial span as well as the Rey-Osterrieth complex figure test (RCFT). Read More

J Orthod 2020 Jun 5:1465312520929032. Epub 2020 Jun 5.

Department of Orthodontics, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, Rockefeller Building, London, UK.

Objective: To investigate: (1) orthodontists' training experience in the psychological assessment of orthognathic patients and their wish for training/further training; (2) the availability of psychological support, referral patterns and outcomes after referral; (3) and adverse incidents prompting orthodontists to refer patients for psychological assessment.

Design: Prospective cross-sectional study.

Methods: A 25-item questionnaire was designed to investigate the above mentioned aims. Read More

PLoS One 2020 3;15(6):e0233153. Epub 2020 Jun 3.

Institute of Psychology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Brunswick, Germany.

Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), together with its subtype muscle dysmorphia (MD), has been relocated from the Somatoform Disorders category in the DSM-IV to the newly created Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders category in the DSM-5. Both categorizations have been criticized, and an empirically derived classification of BDD is lacking. A community sample of N = 736 participants completed an online survey assessing different psychopathologies. Read More

Dev Psychopathol 2020 Jun 3:1-12. Epub 2020 Jun 3.

School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia.

Adolescent dieting and disordered eating (DE) are risks for clinical eating disorders. In this five-wave longitudinal study, we tested gender-specific models linking early risk factors to temporal patterns of DE, considering appearance anxiety as a mediator. Participants were 384 Australian students (age 10 to 13; 45% boys) who reported their purging and skipping meals, experience with appearance-related teasing, media pressure, and appearance anxiety. Read More

Dermatol Ther 2020 May 31:e13727. Epub 2020 May 31.

Dermatology Department, Mother Theressa Hospital, Tirana, Albania.

Recently there is a surge in cosmetic and aesthetic surgery procedures. Several patient seeking various cosmetics procedures present to aesthetic surgery clinics and demanding procedures which are out of proportion. Several of these patients have under-recognized or untreated psychiatric disorders. Read More

Brain Behav 2020 May 29:e01666. Epub 2020 May 29.

Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Coppito (AQ), Italy.

Background And Aims: Muscle dysmorphia (MDM), or bigorexia, is a subcategory of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), also known as "Adonis Complex" in nonscientific contexts. One of the most used tools to investigate MDM is the Adonis Complex Questionnaire (ACQ). The ACQ is a 13-item US questionnaire, designed for male subjects only, related to the dissatisfaction and concerns about physical appearance. Read More

Praxis (Bern 1994) 2020 ;109(7):504-508

Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik, Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Zürich.

'Beauty' - a Topic for Psychiatry? Reflections on the Relation Between Psychopathology and the Body Establishing a relation with one's own physicality is an essential element of our anthropological framework (conditio humana). This relation can be disturbed by critical life events as well as by mental disorders, which is here illustrated by clinical examples. Furthermore we discuss the prerequisites for a stable therapeutical relationship with this particular group of patients. Read More

Praxis (Bern 1994) 2020 ;109(7):499-503

Klinik für Plastische Chirurgie und Handchirurgie, Universitätsspital Zürich.

Body Dysmorphic Disorder - Balance between Beauty Mania and Illness The body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) belongs to the somatoform disorders and is characterized by an excessive concern about a slight or not apparent defect in appearance. Typical areas of concern include the face, for example the skin texture or form and symmetry of a particular feature. Besides behavioral pecularities such as excessive checking of the defect in a mirror, the preoccupation causes clinically significant distress and impairment in social functioning. Read More

Psychiatry Res 2020 May 6;289:112962. Epub 2020 May 6.

Institute for Genomic Health, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA; College of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA. Electronic address:

The present study examined whether or not there are differential rates of traumatic event exposure and presumed Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) between individuals with OCD without comorbid presumed BDD (OCD-Non-BDD) and individuals with OCD with comorbid presumed BDD (OCD+BDD) within a large cohort of OCD participants (N = 605). Individuals in the OCD+BDD group had significantly higher rates of endorsing at least one lifetime traumatic event and presumed PTSD than individuals with OCD-Non-BDD. Additionally, individuals in the OCD+BDD group with comorbid presumed PTSD had significantly higher rates of major depressive disorder (MDD) and presumed panic disorder (PD). Read More

J Sex Med 2020 Jul 20;17(7):1400-1404. Epub 2020 May 20.

COSRT Accredited Psychosexual Therapist, Division of Family Health, Department of Sexual Health, Chandos Clinic, Nottingham University Hospital Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom.

Background: Men concerned about their penis size often consult professionals working in urology, andrology, surgery, and sexual medicine.

Aim: To inform professionals in the sexual medicine field about small penis syndrome as a clinical syndrome and to provide recommendations for treatment.

Methods: This was an overview of the existing literature combined with our extensive clinical experience. Read More

Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2020 Apr 21;8(4):e2737. Epub 2020 Apr 21.

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, USC MarinaRox Aesthetic Fellowship, Marina Del Rey, Calif.

Background: Recently, it has been proposed that psychosocial concerns may motivate the demand for aesthetic rhinoplasty. Although successful operations often improve the quality of life and self-esteem symptoms in patients with sound mental health, they may actually result in unsatisfactory outcomes in those patients with significant depression, anxiety, or other severe psychological disorders. The purpose of this study was to assess the incidence of psychological disorders in patients seeking rhinoplasty. Read More

Int J Eat Disord 2020 Jun 20;53(6):972-986. Epub 2020 May 20.

Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Muenster, Germany.

Objective: Appearance-related interpretation bias is postulated to play a role in the maintenance of body dissatisfaction (BD), a risk factor for body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), and eating disorders (ED). Cognitive bias modification for interpretation (CBM-I) has been shown to reduce maladaptive interpretation bias and symptoms in various emotional disorders. This study investigated the acceptability and efficacy of an easily disseminable, web-based CBM-I program for BD. Read More

BMC Psychiatry 2020 May 19;20(1):247. Epub 2020 May 19.

Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, M46, SE-141 86, Huddinge, Sweden.

Background: Previous attempts to identify predictors of treatment outcomes in body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) have yielded inconsistent findings. One way to increase precision and clinical utility could be to use machine learning methods, which can incorporate multiple non-linear associations in prediction models.

Methods: This study used a random forests machine learning approach to test if it is possible to reliably predict remission from BDD in a sample of 88 individuals that had received internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for BDD. Read More

Front Psychiatry 2020 24;11:302. Epub 2020 Apr 24.

Department of General Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Psychology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.

Background: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is characterized by an excessive preoccupation with one or more perceived flaws in one's own appearance. Previous studies provided evidence for deficits in configural and holistic processing in BDD. Preliminary evidence suggests abnormalities at an early stage of visual processing. Read More

J Sex Med 2020 Jul 7;17(7):1242-1245. Epub 2020 May 7.

Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, CA, USA. Electronic address:

Aesthetic Plast Surg 2020 Apr 28. Epub 2020 Apr 28.

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, 601 North Caroline Street, Suite 2114C, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.

Background: This study aims to understand how sociodemographic factors influence perceptions of "Brazilian Butt Lift" (BBL), the cosmetic procedure with the highest reported mortality rate, among adult women. We also investigate whether education about risks changes willingness to receive this procedure.

Methods: A Qualtrics© survey including education about BBL was administered on Amazon Mechanical Turk, with inclusion criteria of female sex. Read More

PeerJ 2020 21;8:e8959. Epub 2020 Apr 21.

Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic, and Hand Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) is defined as a constant obsession with one's external appearance and flaws, and it falls under the criteria of neuropsychiatric disorders. Individuals suffering from this disorder may seek unnecessary cosmetic procedures from cosmetic treatment providers such as dermatologists or plastic surgeons. Cosmetic treatments have become readily available, which has led to an influx of undiagnosed BDD patients electing to undergo such treatments. Read More

Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2020 Jan 31;8(1):e2693. Epub 2020 Jan 31.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000002482. Read More

J Family Med Prim Care 2020 Feb 28;9(2):567-570. Epub 2020 Feb 28.

Internal Medicine Patiala, Punjab, India.

Introduction: Body dysmorphic disorder is defined as a preoccupation with apparent defects in patient's appearance which causes significant distress and impairment. This study was conducted in 186 students who attended premedical preparation classes with the mean age of 16.81 years with the primary motive of determining body dysmorphia among adolescent age group. Read More

Front Psychiatry 2020 19;11:99. Epub 2020 Mar 19.

Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Tübingen, Germany.

Distorted representation of one's own body is a diagnostic criterion and corepsychopathology of disorders such as anorexia nervosa and body dysmorphic disorder. Previousliterature has raised the possibility of utilising physical activity intervention (PI) as atreatment option for individuals suffering from poor body satisfaction, which is traditionallyregarded as a systematic distortion in "body image." In this systematic review,conducted according to the PRISMA statement, the evidence on effectiveness of PI on body representation outcomes is synthesised. Read More

Perspect Psychiatr Care 2020 Mar 30. Epub 2020 Mar 30.

Department of Recreation, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey.

Purpose: This study aims to determine the prevalence of muscular dysmorphic disorder (bigorexia) and orthorexia nervosa in male students and to evaluate the relationship between these conditions and self-esteem.

Design And Methods: This cross-sectional study included 430 male students.

Findings: While the tendency of orthorexia among faculty of sports sciences (FSSs)' students was 28. Read More

Tijdschr Psychiatr 2020 ;62(3):194-202

Background: Surgical and non-surgical cosmetic interventions are on the rise, also in minors. Therefore, the society, healthcare system and government are searching for an ethical-medical-legal framework. Numerous studies have shown the importance of patient selection. Read More

Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol 2020 Mar 11. Epub 2020 Mar 11.

Institut für Psychologie, Universität Bremen.

Individuals suffering from Body Integrity Dysphoria (BID) have the longstanding desire for amputation (BID-A) or palsy (BID-P). Most findings on mental aspects of BID are based on self-reports from sufferers. The aim of this pilot study is to examine cognitive and affective processes beyond what is accessible by self-reports. Read More

Encephale 2020 Jun 6;46(3):190-192. Epub 2020 Mar 6.

Service de chirurgie plastique, reconstructrice et esthétique, centre de traitement des brulés, hôpital Saint Louis, 1, avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France.

Introduction: All plastic surgeons are frequently faced with patients with Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD). However, no screening test exists in French to help the plastic surgeons to diagnose this disease. The Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire (BDDQ) is the Gold Standard to easily detect BDD in consultation with any non-psychiatric physician. Read More

Psychol Med 2020 Mar 6:1-9. Epub 2020 Mar 6.

McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts, USA.

Background: Hierarchical structural models of psychopathology rarely extend to obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders. The current study sought to examine the higher-order structure of the obsessive-compulsive and related disorders (OCRDs) in DSM-5: obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), hoarding disorder (HD), body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder; HPD) and excoriation (skin-picking) disorder (SPD).

Methods: Adult patients in a partial hospital program (N = 532) completed a dimensional measure of the five OCRDs. Read More

Chemosphere 2020 Jul 7;250:126124. Epub 2020 Feb 7.

Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan; Voluntary Body for International Health Care in Universities, Nagoya, Japan. Electronic address:

Toxic compounds from the mother's diet and medication in addition to genetic factors and infection during pregnancy remain risks for various congenital disorders and misbirth. To ensure the safety of food and drugs for pregnant women, establishment of an in vitro system that morphologically resembles human tissues has been long desired. In this study, we focused on dorsal mesoderm elongation, one of the critical early development events for trunk formation, and we established in vitro autonomous elongating tissues from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). Read More

BMC Psychiatry 2020 02 18;20(1):69. Epub 2020 Feb 18.

Institute of Psychology, University of Münster, Fliednerstraße 21, 48149, Münster, Germany.

Background: Although effective treatments are available, most individuals with body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) do not receive an appropriate diagnosis or treatment. We aimed to examine treatment utilization and barriers to treatment, and to identify associated socio-demographic and clinical characteristics.

Methods: German individuals completed an online self-report survey of appearance concerns. Read More

Fertil Steril 2020 Jan;113(1):16-20

Men's Health Center, Miriam Hospital; and Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island. Electronic address:

Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a serious psychiatric condition that affects approximately 2.5% of the U.S. Read More

J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2020 May;75(6):1073-1078

CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.

Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS, or classical progeria) is a rare genetic disorder, characterized by premature aging, and caused by a de novo point mutation (C608G) within the lamin A/C gene (LMNA), producing an abnormal lamin A protein, termed progerin. Accumulation of progerin causes nuclear abnormalities and cell cycle arrest ultimately leading to cellular senescence. Autophagy impairment is a hallmark of cellular aging, and the rescue of this proteostasis mechanism delays aging progression in HGPS cells. Read More

Behav Ther 2020 01 7;51(1):15-26. Epub 2019 Aug 7.

Telefónica Innovación Alpha, S.L.

Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) has a severe presentation and chronic course when untreated. Although effective BDD treatments exist, most individuals do not have access to them. We therefore developed and pilot tested the first smartphone-delivered individual cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) treatment for adults with BDD. Read More

Eur J Clin Invest 2020 Mar 12;50(3):e13208. Epub 2020 Feb 12.

First Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Eginition Hospital, Athens, Greece.

Background: Patients with body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) exhibit differential attentional mechanisms compared to healthy subjects. The exact nature of this differentiation is unclear. To this end, EEG (electrophysiological) responses to prepulse inhibition (PPI: reflecting attentional modulation) and prepulse facilitation (PPF: indicating orienting activation) were recorded and analysed. Read More

Plast Reconstr Surg 2020 Feb;145(2):468e-469e

Division of Plastic Surgery, Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla. Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Scottsdale, Ariz. Division of Plastic Surgery, Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla.

Sudan J Paediatr 2019 ;19(2):149-155

Pediatric Neurology Division, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Paediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections (PANDAS) is a rare recently recognised clinical syndrome with common presentations that include tics, Tourette's-like syndrome or obsessive-compulsive disorder. It is associated with various behavioural and psychiatric manifestations in children, such as separation anxiety disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Steroid responsive encephalopathy with autoimmune thyroiditis (SREAT) is a rare disorder in children associated also with various movement disorders and neuropsychiatric manifestations. Read More

Cureus 2020 Jan 7;12(1):e6586. Epub 2020 Jan 7.

General Pediatrics and Pediatric Genetics, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, SAU.

PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum (PROS) is an umbrella that includes a broad range of rare disorders, ranging from isolated digit enlargement to extensive overgrowth of the limbs, abdomen, or brain. One of these disorders is megalencephaly capillary malformation polymicrogyria syndrome (MCAP), which is characterized by cutaneous capillary malformations, megalencephaly, cortical brain malformations, abnormalities of somatic growth with body and brain asymmetry, developmental delay, and characteristic facial dysmorphism. The diagnosis of PROS syndrome is based on the clinical features of a patient and confirmed by a pathogenic variant in one PIK3CA allele in a biopsy of the affected tissue. Read More

Aesthet Surg J 2020 Jan 9. Epub 2020 Jan 9.

Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.

Background: Identifying mental health disorders, including body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), is important prior to rhinoplasty surgery, however, these disorders are underdiagnosed, and screening tools are underutilized in clinical settings.

Objective: To evaluate the correlation of a rhinoplasty outcomes tool (SCHNOS) with psychiatric screening tools.

Methods: Patients presenting for rhinoplasty consultation were prospectively enrolled and administered mental health instruments to assess depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7) and BDD (BDDQ-AS), as well as the SCHNOS rhinoplasty outcomes scale. Read More

Saudi Med J 2020 Jan;41(1):73-78

Dermatology Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail.

Objectives:   To explore how prevalent body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is among Arab dermatology patients and what characteristics of  patients are associated with it.

Methods:   A total of 497 patients from the dermatology outpatient clinic at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, participated in this cross-sectional study conducted between October and December 2018. We asked the patients about their demographic and clinical characteristics, and then asked them to complete a dermatology-based self-report BDD questionnaire. Read More

Clin Dermatol 2019 Sep - Oct;37(5):437-446. Epub 2019 Jul 17.

Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mediprobe Research, London, Ontario, Canada.

Skin color is one of the major attributes that defines both individual distinctiveness and differences between groups. There is a preference for lighter skin world-wide, among both light- and dark-skinned individuals, further leading to skin-color bias based upon skin-color hierarchy within certain ethnoracial groups. The psychiatric and psychosocial ramifications of skin color are important in several situations, including (1) disorders of skin discoloration (eg, vitiligo), which can significantly affect the psychosocial development of the patient especially when it has its first onset during adolescence; (2) widespread use of skin-lightening products, which are used despite knowledge about serious toxicity from inorganic mercury and potent corticosteroids that are some of their main constituents; (3) indoor tanning, which is a recognized carcinogen and practiced by over 50% of university-age adults and 20% of adolescents. Read More