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J Orthop Trauma 2019 Feb;33 Suppl 2:S32-S36

Division of Orthopaedic Trauma, Rutgers, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ.

Objectives: We present a series of skeletally immature patients sustaining acetabular fractures. We hypothesized that if the secondary ossification centers of the acetabulum are not completely ossified, fractures often will not be identified on plain radiography. Our objective was to determine the efficacy of diagnostic plain radiography in these patients. Read More

J Radiol Case Rep 2018 May 31;12(5):1-11. Epub 2018 May 31.

Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland.

We present the case of a mixed martial arts (MMA) cage fighter who presented to the emergency department with a right sided common carotid artery pseudoaneurysm as a result of a neck trauma at an MMA event. We discuss the management of blunt force neck trauma, differential diagnosis, imaging findings and review the literature on blunt cerebrovascular injury following blunt force injury to the neck. Read More

Heliyon 2018 Dec 8;4(12):e01010. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand.

Finite element (FE) models of the infant human head may be used to discriminate injury patterns resulting from accidents (e.g. falls) and from abusive head trauma (AHT). Read More

J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2019 Mar 26;91:139-148. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand Department of Anatomy, Dunedin, New Zealand; Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University of Leipzig, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU, Dresden, Germany. Electronic address:

Introduction: Colonoscopy is a commonly-performed procedure to diagnose pathology of the large intestine. Perforation of the colon is a rare but feared complication. It is currently unclear how much force is actually required to cause such injury nor how this is altered in certain diseases. Read More

Neurosurg Focus 2018 Dec;45(6):E13

OBJECTIVESince 2007, a continuous neurosurgery emergency service has been available in the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) field hospital in Mazar-e-Sharif (MeS), Afghanistan. The object of this study was to assess the number and range of surgical procedures performed on the spine in the period from 2007 to 2014.METHODSThis is a retrospective analysis of the annual neurosurgical caseload statistics from July 2007 to October 2014 (92 months). Read More

Turk J Emerg Med 2018 Dec 5;18(4):179-181. Epub 2018 Jul 5.

Department of Surgery, Al Rahba Hospital, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.

The term handlebar hernia had been applied to describe the traumatic hernia that result from a handlebar-like blunt objects. The force of the blunt trauma is insufficient to breach the elastic skin, yet, it can cause abdominal wall musculature disruption. Serious intraabdominal injuries can result which may be evident at the time of trauma or may be delayed. Read More

Int J Paleopathol 2018 Dec 3;24:197-200. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

School of Archaeology and Ancient History, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK. Electronic address:

Trauma associated with slaughter is identified occasionally archaeologically in the cranial remains of domesticated animals, with evidence for pole-axing occurring in Europe, especially from the Roman period onwards. The injury typically extends through the frontal bone and sinuses to penetrate the braincase, causing haemorrhage, loss of consciousness, brain damage, and death. Evidence for slaughter methods in the British Neolithic, however, is lacking. Read More

Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2018 Dec 1. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Belgrade - School of Medicine, 31a Deligradska str., Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.

An accident occurred at a construction site and a 27-year-old worker was fatally injured. Equipped with personal protective equipment (helmet and a safety belt), he was standing on an 8-meter-high platform holding a large hose that was attached to a pipe connected to a concrete pump truck. Whilst in use the pipe broke and the hose sent the man flying with force, knocking down the platform railing. Read More

Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg 2018 Nov;24(6):563-568

Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara-Turkey.

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors affecting wound dehiscence due to blunt trauma following penetrating keratoplasty (PK) and the clinical outcomes.

Methods: The medical records of patients who experienced blunt traumatic wound dehiscence after PK between 1995 and 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. The incidence and etiology of the trauma, the time interval between PK and globe rupture, final graft clarity, best-corrected visual acuity, complications, secondary surgeries, and factors potentially affecting wound dehiscence size were recorded. Read More

J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2019 Feb;86(2):326-336

From the Department of Urology (L.L.Y.), College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Surgery (A.A.M), Cleveland VAMC, Case Western Reserve University; Department of Surgery (J.J.C.), MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Surgery (B.R.), Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Department of Surgery (J.K.), West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; Department of Surgery (M.A.P.), University of South Dakota, Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, South Dakota; Department of Surgery (J.K.L.), University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois; and Department of Urology (P.D.), Minneapolis VAMC, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.

Background: The diagnostic evaluation and clinical management of bladder injuries caused by blunt force trauma are variable. We aim to formulate a practice management guideline using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology.

Methods: The working group, patient, intervention, comparator, outcome (PICO), formulated four questions regarding the following topics: (1) diagnostic evaluation based on patient baseline risk of bladder injury (computed tomography cystography vs. Read More

World J Surg 2018 Nov 26. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Department of Trauma and Burn Surgery, Stroger Hospital of Cook County, Cook County Health and Hospital System and Rush University, 1950 West Polk Street, 8th floor, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.

Background: Morbid obesity is usually accompanied by both subcutaneous and visceral fat accumulation. Fat can mimic an air bag, absorbing the force of a collision. We hypothesized that morbid obesity is mechanically protective for hollow viscus organs in blunt abdominal trauma (BAT). Read More

Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018 Oct 25;34(5):538-541. Epub 2018 Oct 25.

Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, China.

Commotio cordis （CC） is the acute death caused by the cardiac rhythm disorder after a sudden blunt external force to the precordium of a healthy person without previous heart disease. As one type of violent heart damage, CC is rare with relatively small external force and sudden death, therefore causing disputes. This paper reviews the epidemiology, mechanisms and the key points in forensic identification of CC, discusses the identification and antidiastole of CC, myocardial contusion, sudden cardiac death and death from inhibition, and provides assistance to forensic pathologists to identify such causes of death. Read More

Forensic Sci Int 2019 Jan 5;294:34-38. Epub 2018 Nov 5.

Netherlands Forensic Institute, Laan van Ypenburg 6, 2497 GB The Hague, The Netherlands.

Aim: To study the visibility of standardized inflicted bruises by using an alternate ('forensic') light source compared to a white light source.

Methods: Bruises were inflicted on the flexor site of the forearm (halfway in the middle) in 76 adults, by suddenly allowing a cylindrical metal object (400g) with rounded edges to drop for 1m in a vertically positioned tube. At 0. Read More

J AAPOS 2018 Dec 28;22(6):433-437.e2. Epub 2018 Oct 28.

Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Pediatric Ophthalmology and Ocular Genetics, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Electronic address:

Purpose: To provide detailed description of pediatric traumatic retinoschisis.

Methods: The medical records of children with either abusive head trauma and traumatic macular retinoschisis seen at a single center from 1993 to 2006 were reviewed retrospectively. Clinical details were extracted from the record and photographic documentation. Read More

Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2019 Mar 3;15(1):13-22. Epub 2018 Nov 3.

Department of Legal Medicine, Osaka City University Medical School, Asahi-machi 1-4-3, Abeno, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan.

The present study aimed to determine whether postmortem period, physical constitution, cause of death, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation are associated with positional changes in the postmortem appearance of conjunctival petechiae. We retrospectively investigated serial forensic autopsies from 6 h to 6 days postmortem (n = 442; male, 303; female, 139; median age, 62 years; range, 0-100 years). The causes of death were sharp instrument injury, blunt force trauma, fire, intoxication, asphyxia, drowning, hypothermia, hyperthermia, acute heart failure, and natural causes. Read More

Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2019 Mar 3;15(1):97-101. Epub 2018 Nov 3.

School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China.

Fatal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) caused by anterior communicating artery (ACoA) rupture is a rare event in medicolegal practice. Anatomical variations of the ACoA tend to make its anatomical structure, and as a result, blood flow through it, more complicated, which may increase hemodynamic stress and cause weak spots in the affected blood vessels. Variant ACoAs are prone to rupture in the event of a blunt-force trauma. Read More

Int J Legal Med 2019 Mar 30;133(2):661-668. Epub 2018 Oct 30.

Forensic Anthropology Unit, Institut de Medicina Legal i Cienciès Forense (IMLCFC), Ciutat de la Justícia, Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes, 111 Edifici G, 08075, Barcelona, Spain.

This study aims to improve a previous study that reported new traits to characterize a perimortem fracture pattern in human long bones. This second study aims to acquire further knowledge about these perimortem traits, specifically by improving the experimental setting-by using a Blunt Force Trauma Simulator-and increasing the sample size with a total of 43 autopsy specimens and 57 reproduced fractures. Additionally, we investigated whether these traits could be related to muscular contractions by adding axial compression in the experimentally fractured specimens. Read More

Int J Behav Med 2018 Dec;25(6):698-705

Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.

Background: Nearly 2.8 million people are hospitalized in the USA annually for traumatic injuries, which include orthopedic and internal organ injuries. Early post-injury pain is predictive of poor outcomes, including inability to eventually return to work, and long-term psychological distress. Read More

J Vasc Surg 2018 Oct 3. Epub 2018 Oct 3.

Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Ind.

Objective: The purpose of this investigation was to determine our limb-related contemporary pediatric revascularization perioperative and follow-up outcomes after major blunt and penetrating trauma.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed of a prospectively maintained pediatric trauma database spanning January 2010 to December 2017 to capture all level I trauma activations that resulted in a peripheral arterial revascularization procedure. All preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative continuous variables are reported as a mean ± standard deviation; categorical variables are reported as a percentage of the population of interest. Read More

Am Surg 2018 Sep;84(9):1462-1465

Rib fractures represent up to 55 per cent of thoracic blunt traumatic injuries and lead to significant mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study is to determine whether not only number but also the location of rib fractures can be used to risk stratify patients. This is a retrospective study of all blunt trauma patients who presented with rib fractures from January 1, 2013 to April 1, 2015 and underwent chest CT. Read More

Int J Paleopathol 2018 Sep 20;24:7-18. Epub 2018 Sep 20.

Memorial University of Newfoundland, Department of Archaeology, Queen's College, 210 Prince Philip Drive, St. John's NL A1B 3R6, Canada; McMaster University, Department of Anthropology, Chester New Hall, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada. Electronic address:

Investigating injury recidivism and individuals with multiple injuries is an area of growing interest in bioarchaeology. Differentiating between whether an individual sustained multiple injuries, represented by antemortem healed fractures, in one incident or in multiple incidents over the life course, is a major challenge. This research analyzed the skeletal remains of 721 adults (402 males, 319 females) from five post-medieval cemeteries from London, UK, known to include working class individuals for evidence of skeletal trauma - fractures, myositis ossificans, subluxations/dislocations, blunt force trauma, and sharp force trauma. Read More

Anthropol Anz 2018 Dec;75(4):291-296

Section of Forensic Pathology, Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.

This study presents and discusses the differential diagnosis of a unique case of facial trauma. The adult male skull was excavated in 1948 from Uglemose (Owl Bog) outside of Birket, on the island of Lolland (Denmark). Carbon-14 samples from an adult tibia excavated with the skull dates to the end of the Danish Bronze Age and transition period into the pre-Roman Iron Age. Read More

Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2018 Sep;49(9):731

A 13-year-old female with a history of regressed retinopathy of prematurity presented with new-onset floaters after sustaining blunt force trauma to her left eye. Best-corrected visual acuity was 20/20 in both eyes (OU), with an intraocular pressure of 14 mm Hg and 15 mm Hg in the right eye (OD) and left eye (OS), respectively. Exam under anesthesia revealed an unremarkable anterior segment OU, including no hyphema or subluxated crystalline lens. Read More

Injury 2018 Nov 6;49(11):2024-2031. Epub 2018 Sep 6.

Trauma Unit, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address:

Introduction: There is no consensus on how pelvic X-rays should be ordered selectively in blunt trauma patients which may save time, reduce radiation exposure and costs. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the need for routine pelvic X-rays in awake, respiratory and hemodynamically (HD) stable blunt trauma patients without signs of pelvic fracture. Criteria to identify patients who could safely forgo pelvic X-ray were evaluated. Read More

Neurosurgery 2019 Jan;84(1):2-6

Division of Neurosurgery, John H. Stroger, Jr Hospital of Cook County and Department of Neurological Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.

Background: The thoracic and lumbar ("thoracolumbar") spine are the most commonly injured region of the spine in blunt trauma. Trauma of the thoracolumbar spine is frequently associated with spinal cord injury and other visceral and bony injuries. Prolonged pain and disability after thoracolumbar trauma present a significant burden on patients and society. Read More

J Orthop 2018 Dec 28;15(4):917-921. Epub 2018 Aug 28.

Royal Stoke University Hospital, Newcastle Road, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 6QG, United Kingdom.

Background: Morel-Lavallée lesions can occur in polytrauma patients. Post-operative seroma is more frequently encountered, holds many pathological similarities with MLLs and continues to challenge plastic surgeons. We aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of MLLs to increase awareness of optimum treatment options amongst plastic surgery teams, and to provide a management algorithm that may also be applied to post-operative seromas. Read More

Am J Forensic Med Pathol 2018 Dec;39(4):341-344

From the Department of Pathology at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; and Wayne County Medical Examiner's Office, Detroit, MI.

Instruments that create stab wounds are required to possess tips of sufficient strength and rigidity to breach the integrity of the skin. Knives, the most common weapons used to create stab wounds, have cutting edges that cleave the skin, leaving unabraded margins. On rare occasions, blunt objects are driven with sufficient force to pierce the skin and become impaled within the body. Read More

J Forensic Sci 2018 Aug 14. Epub 2018 Aug 14.

Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, 65 Kavanagh Street, Southbank, Victoria, 3006, Australia.

Fatal falls from heights (˃3 m) often result in blunt force trauma (BFT) to the skeleton. The fracture patterns that result from this BFT mechanism are well understood in forensic anthropology and forensic pathology; however, details of the specific types of fractures that result remain poorly documented. The aim of this study was to provide a detailed examination of the types of fractures that may result from fatal high falls. Read More

Exp Gerontol 2018 Oct 10;111:241-252. Epub 2018 Aug 10.

Laboratory for Integrative Muscle Biology, Division of Physical Therapy, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA.

Aim: Contusion injury in aging muscle has not been studied in detail, but older adults are at risk for such injuries due to increased risk of falls. As falls in older populations are unlikely to be eliminated, interventions to minimize the negative impact of falls, including contusion injury should be pursued. Dietary fish oil (FO) is a common often supplement in older adults, which is associated with factors that might reduce or worsen the negative impact of contusion. Read More

World J Cardiol 2018 Jul;10(7):49-51

Surgery Working Group, Society of Junior Doctors, Athens 15123, Greece.

Data from the last 50 years suggest that pediatric patients typically suffer cardiothoracic injuries following blunt traumatic force (70%) in the setting of either motor vehicle crashes (53.5%) or vehicle-pedestrian accidents (18.2%). Read More

Forensic Sci Int 2018 Sep 24;290:e5-e8. Epub 2018 Jul 24.

Department of Veterinary Medicine and animal production, Unit of Pathology, University of Naples Federico II - Napoli, Italy. Electronic address:

Cardiac laceration with non-penetrating chest trauma is reported as a common cause of death in human following rapid deceleration in high-speed vehicular accident. In contrast, in veterinary medicine, traumatic rupture of heart and great-vessel structures appears to be an uncommon cause of death. Here we report three cases of cardiac laceration following non-penetrating chest trauma in a one cat and two dogs. Read More

Am J Surg 2018 Jul 25. Epub 2018 Jul 25.

University of California, Irvine, Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma, Burns and Surgical Critical Care, Orange, CA, USA.

Background: Blunt cardiac injury (BCI) can occur after chest trauma and may be associated with sternal fracture (SF). We hypothesized that injuries demonstrating a higher transmission of force to the thorax, such as thoracic aortic injury (TAI), would have a higher association with BCI.

Methods: We queried the National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) from 2007-2015 to identify adult blunt trauma patients. Read More

Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2018 12 28;14(4):424-431. Epub 2018 Jul 28.

Institute of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, No.123, Min'an St., Zhonghe Dist., New Taipei City, 235, Taiwan.

Rhabdomyolysis is characterized by skeletal muscle injury resulting in the release of intracellular proteins (such as myoglobin) and electrolytes into the blood circulation, which cause acute kidney injury, myoglobinuria and electrolyte imbalances. Clinical diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis is made on the basis of biochemical analysis; however, for forensic autopsies, biochemical data are often not available, and it is necessary to diagnose rhabdomyolysis via histopathological examinations. This study analyzed 52 cases with rhabdomyolysis and applied myoglobin immunohistochemistry to kidney, urine and blood samples. Read More

Ann Vasc Surg 2018 Nov 25;53:53-62. Epub 2018 Jul 25.

Texas Heart Hospital Baylor Plano, Plano, TX; Texas Vascular Associates, Dallas, TX. Electronic address:

Background: Blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI), although rare, is more common than previously thought and carries a substantial stroke and mortality risk. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the differences between blunt carotid artery (CA) and vertebral artery (VA) injuries, assess the stroke and death rates related to these injuries, and identify the relationship of Injury Severity Score (ISS) with stroke and mortality in BCVI.

Methods: Using a retrospective review of the trauma registry at a level I trauma center, we identified patients with BCVI. Read More

J Forensic Leg Med 2018 Oct 17;59:4-7. Epub 2018 Jul 17.

Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Frome Rd, Adelaide, Australia; Forensic Science SA, 21 Divett Place, Adelaide, Australia. Electronic address:

A retrospective study was undertaken at Forensic Science South Australia of all homicides in individuals aged <18 years from January 1970 to December 2014. 166 cases were identified (M:F = 1.5:1). Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2018 19;49:118-120. Epub 2018 Jun 19.

Department of Colorectal surgery, Logan Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.

Introduction: Handlebar hernias are rare; they result from blunt force impacting the abdomen. This focal blunt trauma causes a tear of the underlying abdominal muscle and fascia without necessarily disrupting the skin. The site of the hernia is usually remote from the site of trauma so clinicians may be falsely reassured if they locally explore the site of bruising. Read More

J Trauma Nurs 2018 Jul/Aug;25(4):213-217

Department of Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington (Drs Harris, Davenport, Fryman, and Bernard and Mr Higgins); and US Air Force, Pease Air National Guard Base, New Hampshire (Dr Dudley).

Early initiation of a high ratio massive transfusion can lower trauma patient mortality by 80%. Long transport times from rural Level IV trauma centers therefore require that damage control resuscitation begin before patient transfer. This study evaluates the current use of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) at Level IV trauma centers and the feasibility of implementing trauma transfusion protocols at these centers. Read More

J Forensic Leg Med 2018 Aug 27;58:145-151. Epub 2018 Jun 27.

Sexual Assault Resource Centre, Women and Newborn Health Service, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia. Electronic address:

Objectives: To i) describe the demographic and assault characteristics of males alleging recent sexual assault, ii) determine the severity and frequency of general body injury and the frequency of anal and genital injury, iii) identify vulnerability factors and assault characteristics associated with injury.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Sexual Assault Resource Centre (SARC), Western Australia. Read More

Clin Exp Emerg Med 2018 Jun 29;5(2):107-112. Epub 2018 Jun 29.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Objective: Most patients with head trauma require brain computed tomography (CT) in the emergency department. However, the requirement for facial CT remains controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of brain CT alone for detection of facial fractures and its ability to determine the requirement for additional facial CT. Read More

Sci Rep 2018 Jul 2;8(1):9895. Epub 2018 Jul 2.

Institute of Microengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-2002, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.

We present a mechanically active cell culture substrate that produces complex strain patterns and generates extremely high strain rates. The transparent miniaturized cell stretcher is compatible with live cell microscopy and provides a very compact and portable alternative to other systems. A cell monolayer is cultured on a dielectric elastomer actuator (DEA) made of a 30 μm thick silicone membrane sandwiched between stretchable electrodes. Read More

Int J Legal Med 2018 Sep 28;132(5):1367-1374. Epub 2018 Jun 28.

Institute of Legal Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.

Forensic and biomechanical assessment in case of blunt force trauma can be a challenging task especially when deformable striking objects are used. Evaluations solely based on empirical knowledge can lead to misjudgments. Semi-quantitative and quantitative investigations give the forensic assessment a scientific basis comprising experimental and calculation methods. Read More

Front Physiol 2018 5;9:674. Epub 2018 Jun 5.

Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany.

Injury to skeletal muscle affects millions of people worldwide. The underlying regenerative process however, is a very complex mechanism, time-wise highly coordinated, and subdivided in an initial inflammatory, a regenerative and a remodeling phase. Muscle regeneration can be impaired by several factors, among them diet-induced obesity (DIO). Read More

J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) 2018 Sep 14;28(5):429-435. Epub 2018 Jun 14.

Objective: To determine the agreement between focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) exams and computed tomography (CT) for the detection of pleural and peritoneal fluid and pneumothorax in animals that have sustained recent trauma.

Design: Prospective study.

Setting: University Teaching Hospital. Read More

Int J Paleopathol 2018 09 7;22:66-77. Epub 2018 Jun 7.

Department of Archaeology, Durham University, South Road, DH13LE, Durham, UK.

On the 21-22 of May1809 Napoleon Bonaparte saw his first major defeat on land at the Battle of Aspern, just north-east of Vienna. Of the 167,000 soldiers who fought for the French and Austrian armies, a total of 55,000 died on the battlefield. Salvage excavations prior to the construction of large urban development project (2008-2016) have revealed several burial sites related to the Battle of Aspern. Read More

Int J Legal Med 2018 Jun 6. Epub 2018 Jun 6.

Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albertstrasse 9, 79104, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.

In urban traffic accidents, mainly pedestrians and cyclists are at risk of being injured and killed. Lethal injuries are usually caused by the immediate impact of a car or a tram. This paper presents a fatal accident without any direct contact with a motor vehicle. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Jun 4;2018. Epub 2018 Jun 4.

Ophthalmology Department, Cairns and Hinterland Hospital and Health Service, Cairns, Queensland, Australia.

A 35-year-old man presented after a high-speed motor vehicle accident and the driver's side curtain air bag causing blunt force trauma rupturing his right globe. The tangential force of the air bag resulted in an unusual arcuate horseshoe-shaped rupture through the lateral rectus insertion, causing avulsion of the muscle and tearing the sclera, with the apices of the tear extending anteriorly towards the limbus. Repair of the globe rupture was undertaken, and secondary vitrectomy revealed that the scleral tear had not involved the retina abutting the ora serrata. Read More