Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020 Jun 4. Epub 2020 Jun 4.

Beijing Lomeye Cosmetic Surgery Clinic, Beijing 100022, China. Electronic address:

We aimed to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of early correction of severe blepharoptosis after double-eyelid blepharoplasty using conjoint fascial sheath (CFS) suspension. From July 2013 to July 2016, 23 patients (25 eyes) with severe blepharoptosis were treated with CFS suspension and followed up for 12-36 months. The levator function, margin reflex distance, patients' satisfaction with the appearance of the double eyelids, and complications were retrospectively analysed. Read More

Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2020 Jul;31(4):241-246

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York, USA.

Purpose Of Review: Refractive surgery is one of the most popular elective procedures performed in the world. Given that dry eye is a common complaint following keratorefractive surgery, evaluation, and treatment of periocular conditions that further predispose the patient to dry eye symptoms is an important part of the presurgical assessment. Periocular conditions and surgeries can also affect the ocular surface and keratometry, and should be addressed. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2020 06;68(6):974-980

Advanced Eye Care Center, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.

Oculoplastic surgeries encompass both emergency surgeries for traumatic conditions and infectious disorders as well as elective aesthetic procedures. The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about a drastic change in this practice. Given the highly infectious nature of the disease as well as the global scarcity of medical resources; it is only prudent to treat only emergent conditions during the pandemic as we incorporate evidence-based screening and protective measures into our practices. Read More

Am J Ophthalmol 2020 May 5. Epub 2020 May 5.

Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. Electronic address:

Purpose: To compare outcomes between Müller muscle conjunctival resection (MMCR) ptosis repair and external levator resection (ELR) in patients with severe involutional blepharoptosis.

Design: Retrospective, interventional, comparative case series METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of patients who underwent ptosis repair between 2012 and 2019. Inclusion criteria were patients who underwent MMCR or ELR ptosis repair, patients with complete documentation of preoperative eyelid measurements, and patients with documentation of postoperative outcome. Read More

Int Ophthalmol 2020 Apr 22. Epub 2020 Apr 22.

Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey.

Purpose: Dermatochalasis is a clinical condition characterized by loss of elasticity of eyelid skin and soft tissue, which typically affects the elderly population. The aim of this study is to investigate the mRNA expression levels of collagen type 1 alpha 1 (COL1A1) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) genes in dermatochalasis tissue.

Methods: The study group consisted of 15 patients who underwent upper eyelid blepharoplasty and were above 40 years old. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2020 Apr 22;20(1):166. Epub 2020 Apr 22.

Department of Ophthalmology, Fudan Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai, China.

Background: Coexistence of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) and ocular myasthenia gravis (OMG) is very rare. Little is known about the orbital histopathology associated with this condition. The authors reported a case of TAO coexisting with OMG and explored the histopathologic changes in extraocular muscles. Read More

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2020 Apr 3. Epub 2020 Apr 3.

Consultants in Ophthalmic and Facial Plastic Surgery, Southfield, Michigan.

Purpose: We evaluated the effects of aspirin versus placebo in patients undergoing upper eyelid blepharoplasty and/or levator advancement or plication blepharoptosis repair in this randomized, prospective study.

Methods: Patients who presented between October 2017 and April 2019 requiring blepharoptosis repair and/or upper eyelid blepharoplasty who were taking 81 mg aspirin were randomized to receive 1 week of aspirin tablets or 1 week of placebo tablets prior to surgery. Postoperative complications, such as bleeding, hematoma, or hemorrhage, were noted as well as perioperative thromboembolic complications. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2020 May/Jun;31(3):876-878

Department of Plastic Surgery, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea.

The aim of this paper is to review the origin, physical properties, advantages, and usage of catgut in plastic surgery and oral surgery.In PubMed search, the search terms ("catgut" AND ["plastic surgery" OR "facelift"]) and ("catgut" AND "oral surgery") were used, resulting in 28 and 30 papers, respectively. Of those 58 papers, 31 papers were excluded. Read More

Ophthalmic Res 2020 Mar 5. Epub 2020 Mar 5.

Purpose: To evaluate surgically induced refractive changes (SIRC) and visual acuity (VA) changes after blepharoplasty combined with posterior approach ptosis surgery (Müller's muscle-conjunctival resection [MMCR]) versus upper eyelid blepharoplasty alone.

Methods: This is a prospective, comparative clinical study. Patients undergoing MMCR and blepharoplasty surgeries underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examinations preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively. Read More

Case Reports Plast Surg Hand Surg 2020 29;7(1):20-22. Epub 2020 Jan 29.

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Japan.

We report a 29-year-old man with blepharochalasis and multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS). Although standard blepharoplasty with aponeurotic fixation was performed, palpebral ptosis recurred after 3 months. Eyelid function and appearance improved after additional operations. Read More

Aesthetic Plast Surg 2020 Jun 18;44(3):788-796. Epub 2020 Feb 18.

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryXijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi Province, China.

Background: Improving periorbital aging is, currently, of great concern. The previous literature has reported some surgical methods for periorbital aging. The purpose of this study was to compare subbrow blepharoplasty (SBB) with subbrow blepharoplasty combined with periorbital muscle manipulation (SBB-pm) with regard to improving periorbital aging. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2020 May/Jun;31(3):766-768

Department of Ophthalmology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness and satisfaction of transconjunctival-approach lower blepharoplasty combined with a pinch skin excision technique between young patients (younger than 60 years of age) and elderly patients (older than 60 years of age) in Korea. The medical records of 69 patients who underwent transconjunctival-approach lower blepharoplasty combined with a pinch skin excision technique from January 2003 to February 2018 were reviewed. Success rate postoperative complications, and degree of satisfaction with the surgical technique were evaluated and statistically compared between the 2 different age groups. Read More

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2020 Mar/Apr;36(2):191-193

Aesthetic Surgery Centre.

Purpose: To evaluate the ability of preoperative phenylephrine testing to predict postoperative upper eyelid tarsal platform show in patients undergoing Müller muscle-conjunctival resection (MMCR) ptosis repair without concurrent blepharoplasty.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on 52 eyelids of patients who underwent MMCR without external skin incision. Photographs were reviewed to objectively and subjectively compare the results of phenylephrine testing to postoperative appearance. Read More

Clin Ophthalmol 2019 17;13:2035-2042. Epub 2019 Oct 17.

Oculoplastic and Orbital Surgery Division, Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Background: The anatomical basis for eyelid changes after upper blepharoplasty is largely uninvestigated. The post upper blepharoplasty syndrome (PUBS) is here defined as upper eyelid ptosis, hollow sulcus, high or absent upper eyelid crease, eyelash ptosis, loose eyelid platform skin, and compensatory brow elevation.

Objective: The anatomical basis for the post-upper blepharoplasty syndrome was investigated. Read More

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2019 May/Jun;35(3):296-297

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2019 May/Jun;35(3):296

Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2019 Oct 29;7(10):e2464. Epub 2019 Oct 29.

Hamilton Eye Institute, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tenn.

The purpose of this article is to present a modified approach to the reconstruction of the upper and lower eyelids in floppy eyelid syndrome. A retrospective chart review was performed on all floppy eyelid patients who underwent simultaneous tightening of the upper and lower eyelid with a lateral tarsal strip, using a V-shaped incision in the lateral canthus, at University of Tennessee Hamilton Eye Institute from 2011 to 2012. Preoperative symptoms, surgical outcomes, complication rates, and postoperative symptoms were recorded. Read More

Am J Ophthalmol 2020 04 23;212:1-6. Epub 2019 Nov 23.

Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. Electronic address:

Purpose: To examine the effect of combined blepharoplasty and Müller muscle-conjunctival resection (MMCR) compared to an upper blepharoplasty on dry eye syndrome.

Design: Prospective, comparative clinical study.

Methods: This is prospective, comparative case series. Read More

Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2019 Nov;55(11):828-833

Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Science Key Lab., Beijing 100730, China.

To report the clinical features and surgical treatment of orbitotemporal neurofibromatosis. It was a retrospective case series study. The clinical records of 24 patients who were treated for orbitotemporal neurofibromatosis between April 2007 and July 2017 at Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University were analyzed. Read More

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2019 Nov/Dec;35(6):631

Ophthalmology 2020 02 13;127(2):276-278. Epub 2019 Sep 13.

Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. Electronic address:

J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2019 Dec 23;72(12):2017-2026. Epub 2019 Sep 23.

Department of Plastic and Reconstruction, Shanghai Changhai Hospital Affiliated to Navy Medical University, 168th Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. Electronic address:

Aim: To clarify the gross anatomy structure of the check ligament of the palpebra superior in relation to congenital blepharoptosis operation.

Method: Seven fixed and three fresh cadavers of Chinese adults (between 53 and 76 years old; 5 males and 5 females) were used. Gross dissection was performed on fourteen eyes in seven cadavers. Read More

Arq Bras Oftalmol 2020 Jan-Feb;83(1):39-42

Department of Ophthalmology, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil.

Purpose: To review the outcomes of frontalis suspension surgeries with the use of polytetrafluoroethylene in patients with blepharoptosis.

Methods: A retrospective observational study analyzed the outcomes of frontalis suspension surgeries performed in a single institution from 2003 to 2018. All procedures were performed with closed incision and single pentagon techniques. Read More

J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2020 Feb 8;73(2):357-362. Epub 2019 Aug 8.

Department of Orbital and Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery, Doheny Eye Institute and Stein Eye Institute - UCLA, USA.

Background: In the setting of upper eyelid ptosis, asymmetric eyebrow position may be observed and may contribute to overall facial asymmetry. In this study, the authors aim to elucidate the prevalence and predictors of brow height asymmetry in the setting of ptosis and to determine the effect of eyelid surgery on brow height asymmetry to guide preoperative evaluation and informed consent.

Methods: In this cohort study, patients undergoing posterior approach ptosis surgery, unilateral or bilateral, with or without blepharoplasty, were included. Read More

J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2020 Jan 29;73(1):149-155. Epub 2019 Jul 29.

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China. Electronic address:

Objective: To establish a treatment protocol for severe blepharoptosis. This protocol helps to achieve improved accuracy and more stable correction outcome.

Methods: The levator muscle function was evaluated pre-operation. Read More

Plast Reconstr Surg 2019 09;144(3):519e-520e

Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands, Bey Bergman Clinics, Hilversum, The Netherlands.

Plast Reconstr Surg 2019 09;144(3):519e

Oculoplastic Division, Ophthalmology Section, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Department of Ophthalmology and Otolaringology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Aesthetic Plast Surg 2019 12 26;43(6):1685-1686. Epub 2019 Aug 26.

Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 33 Badachu Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100144, People's Republic of China.

J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2019 Oct 27;72(10):1682-1687. Epub 2019 Jun 27.

Eye and Facial Plastic Surgery Consultants, 1717 Langhorne-Newtown Road, Suite 150, Langhorne, PA 19047, United States; Wills Eye Hospital, Division of Oculoplastics, 840 Walnut Street, Philadelphia PA 19107, United States. Electronic address:

Background: Lower blepharoplasty is one of the commonest cosmetic surgeries performed in the United States. The delicate balance of the lower eyelid may be detrimentally altered in lower blepharoplasty, leading to lower eyelid retraction with the attendant functional and cosmetic consequences. Marginal reflex distance-2 (MRD2) is an insensitive measure for subtle lower eyelid retraction, and the MRD2 at the lateral limbus (MRD2) and tarsal marginal show (TMS) may be more sensitive in identifying eyelid retraction and eversion. Read More

Aesthetic Plast Surg 2019 12 16;43(6):1683-1684. Epub 2019 Aug 16.

Plastic and Reconstructive Microsurgery, Careggi University Hospital, Viale dei Mille 129, 50131, Florence, Italy.

Plast Reconstr Surg 2019 11;144(5):760e-769e

Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University.

Background: With advancing age, Asian women are often plagued by lateral hooding of the upper eyelid skin, eyebrow ptosis, and obvious periorbital wrinkles. The authors propose a novel technique to revive the natural eyelid shape with a stable eyebrow position and alleviate periorbital wrinkles in Asian women.

Methods: Sixty-six patients underwent subbrow blepharoplasty combined with periorbital muscle manipulation. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2019 Nov-Dec;30(8):e790-e793

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University.

Conjunctival prolapse may occur following ocular, eyelid, and orbital surgeries. Conjunctival prolapse usually results as a complication of maximal levator resection or cosmetic lower eyelid blepharoplasty. Here, we describe conjunctival prolapse as an unexpected complication of frontalis muscle flap transfer for severe ptosis. Read More

Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2019 May 16;7(5):e2217. Epub 2019 May 16.

Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Izmir Bozyaka Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.

Background: Blepharoplasty is one of the most common procedures performed. To achieve optimal results in periorbital rejuvenation, a systematic approach to patients that addresses all the problems in the periorbital region is important. The aim of this study is to analyze blepharoplasty patients according to preoperative deformities and postoperative results and to create a basic algorithm for periorbital aesthetic surgery. Read More

Semin Ophthalmol 2019 17;34(6):442-445. Epub 2019 Jul 17.

a Department of Ophthalmology, Rio Hortega University Hospital , Valladolid , Spain.

: To objectively measure the upper eyelid position following phacoemulsification cataract surgery and to identify the determinants of postoperative transient ptosis. : This is a single arm prospective study of patients who underwent cataract surgery from January to May 2017 at a tertiary Eye Hospital in Spain. Data comprised of: the type of anesthesia, the duration that the speculum remained in place and the total surgical time (duration of the procedure). Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2019 Jul;30(5):e406-e408

Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ankara.

The ugly face of civil war shows itself in the desperate patients and their extreme sequellae. The options for reconstruction of patients with late-term serious sequellae decrease and their treatments also become more difficult. A 31-year-old male patient was injured 18 months ago due to a bomb explosion and received long-term treatment through local wound care in his country. Read More

J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2019 10 28;72(10):1700-1738. Epub 2019 Jun 28.

Plastic and Reconstructive Microsurgery, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy. Electronic address:

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2019 Jul/Aug;35(4):383-386

Eye Research Center, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Purpose: To compare preoperative and postoperative lower eyelid scleral show in patients with unilateral myogenic (MP) and aponeurotic (AP) ptosis, analyze the factors correlated with them, and assess the rate of postoperative lower eyelid symmetry in both groups.

Methods: Patients (older than 5 years old) with unilateral MP (58) and AP (20) were included from June 2015 to April 2017. Excluded were patients with previous eyelid surgery, strabismus, levator function of ≤3, and associated procedures. Read More

J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2019 Oct 27;72(10):1675-1681. Epub 2019 Jun 27.

Eye Research Center, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Sattarkhan Niayesh St., Tehran 1455364, Iran.

Purpose: To compare the change in levator function (LF) after levator resection in patients with unilateral myogenic (MP) and aponeurotic ptosis (AP).

Methods: In a prospective study, patients of >5 years old were included from June 2015 to April 2017. Other types of ptosis, associated strabismus and previous eyelid surgery were excluded. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2019 Nov-Dec;30(8):2425-2428

Department of Ophthalmology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Sava, Israel.

Purpose: Transcutaneous internal browpexy can provide patients with mild-to-moderate lateral brow ptosis, stabilization and modest lift of the lateral brow. Questions regarding effectiveness of this procedure and appropriate indications remain.

Methods: The authors measured consecutive patients who underwent upper eyelid blepharoplasty with transblepharoplasty internal browpexy (TIB) September 2014 to December 2017. Read More

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2019 Nov/Dec;35(6):619-622

Department of Ophthalmology, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of Müller's muscle-conjunctival resection combined with tarsectomy for the treatment of congenital ptosis.

Methods: A retrospective, noncomparative case series was performed on 38 eyes of 36 patients who underwent Müller's muscle-conjunctival resection combined with tarsectomy for the treatment of congenital ptosis. Age range was 2-25 years (mean: 7. Read More

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2019 Sep/Oct;35(5):509-512

TOC Eye and Face, Austin, Texas, U.S.A.

Purpose: Volume restoration is an important component of aesthetic facial rejuvenation, particularly in the brow and upper eyelid regions. In this study, the authors describe transposition of the central, preaponeurotic fat pad in the sub-brow preperiosteal plane with full release of the brow during upper blepharoplasty.

Methods: A retrospective review including all patients who underwent transposition of the upper eyelid central, preaponeurotic fat pad at the time of upper blepharoplasty. Read More

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2019 Nov/Dec;35(6):581-585

Eye Department, Eye Research Center, Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Purpose: To introduce a new (Supine) test and assess the values of lateral eyelid bulging for diagnosis of lacrimal gland (LG) prolapse before upper blepharoplasty.

Methods: In a prospective case series (2011-2017), lateral eyelid bulging and Supine Test were recorded, preoperatively. Lacrimal gland prolapse was graded as mild (<4 mm), moderate (4-7 mm), and severe (>7 mm). Read More

Aesthetic Plast Surg 2019 08 29;43(4):938-945. Epub 2019 Apr 29.

Yonsei ENB Plastic Surgery Clinic, 599-4 Apgujeong B/D 9th floor, Shinsa-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-893, Republic of Korea.

Background: In patients with a mild degree ptosis who undergo non-incisional double-eyelid blepharoplasty, simultaneous correction of ptosis is needed to prevent loosening. The transconjunctival Müller's muscle tucking (TMMT) method may be useful in these cases.

Objectives: The authors performed this study to present the details of the current use of the TMMT method and to provide objective evidence for ptosis correction and its sustained effect. Read More

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2019 Sep/Oct;35(5):506-508

Craniofacial Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom.

Purpose: There are different techniques for medial canthoplasty in blepharophimosis syndrome where individuals have epicanthus inversus and telecanthus leading to typical facial appearances. These methods have potential problems with scarring, epistaxis, and extrusion of metal plates.

Methods: The authors describe a novel technique of medial canthal reconstruction using titanium microplates with microscrew fixation to the anterior lacrimal crest, with effective, safe, and reproducible results. Read More

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2019 Sep/Oct;35(5):e126

Oculoplastica Bernardini, Genova, Milano, Roma e Torino, Italy.

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2019 Nov/Dec;35(6):566-568

Division of Orbital and Oculoplastic Surgery, Stein and Doheny Eye Institutes, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.

Purpose: Ptosis may occur in certain cases after upper blepharoplasty. The authors aim to characterize the incidence of postoperative marginal reflex distance (MRD1) reduction after upper blepharoplasty and surgical variables that may predict this occurrence.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, patients > 18 years old undergoing upper blepharoplasty were screened. Read More

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2019 Jul/Aug;35(4):403-406

Division of Oculofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, UC San Diego Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, Shiley Eye Institute, La Jolla, California.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy in degree of ptosis correction achieved by single suture Müeller muscle conjunctival resection (ssMMCR) when compared with that of traditional MMCR.

Methods: A retrospective chart analysis of patients who underwent either ssMMCR or traditional MMCR at 2 institutions. Single suture MMCR was performed after using a ptosis clamp to imbricate conjunctiva and Müeller muscle. Read More

J Cosmet Dermatol 2019 Dec 20;18(6):1814-1820. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Background: Baggy lower eyelids (BLEs) are a common cosmetic problem that is treated using various methods. However, validated objective methods for evaluating the treatment are limited.

Aims: A novel BLE correction procedure, transconjunctival fat resection, and subsequent fat grafting, was assessed using the orbital gray scale (OGS), a previously suggested objective measure for BLEs. Read More