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Am Surg 2021 Jun 10:31348211025765. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

Division of Trauma Surgery and Critical Care, Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Centre, 28730All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India.

The most common cause of pneumoperitoneum in trauma patients is hollow viscus injury; however, in patients with pneumoperitoneum on imaging and normal hollow viscus during the laparotomy, other rare causes of pneumoperitoneum like intraperitoneal urinary bladder rupture should be ruled out. Urinary bladder can rupture either extraperitoneally or intraperitoneally or both. Rupture of the urinary bladder is commonly seen in patients with abdominal trauma; however, pneumoperitoneum is usually not seen in patients with traumatic bladder rupture. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2021 May;100(21):e26085

Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery.

Rationale: As the world's population ages, the number of surgical cases of colovesical fistulas secondary to colon diverticulitis is also expected to increase. The key issue while performing laparoscopic surgery for these fistulas is the avoidance of iatrogenic ureteral injury. There are no reports of Near-infrared Ray Catheter being used in surgery for diverticulitis, which is one of the diseases with the highest risk of ureteral injury. Read More

Asian Spine J 2021 May 20. Epub 2021 May 20.

Department of Orthopaedics and Spine Surgery, Spinal Cord Injury Centre, Military Hospital Kirkee, Pune, India.

Study Design: Retrospective pilot study.

Purpose: To assess the incidence of renal tract abnormalities using ultrasonography (US) in a military cohort with traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) at a tertiary level spinal cord injury center.

Overview Of Literature: Neurogenic bladder in TSCI patients results in significant urological morbidity. Read More

Minerva Obstet Gynecol 2021 May 12. Epub 2021 May 12.

Latifa Hospital, Dubai, Unated Arab Emirates.

Endometriosis and pelvic pain are associated. However, only half of the subtle and typical, and not all cystic and deep lesions are painful. The mechanism of the pain is explained by cyclical trauma and repair, an inflammatory reaction, activation of nociceptors up to 2. Read More

Urologiia 2021 May(2):86-89

Novosibirsk Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics n.a. Ya.L. Tsivyan, Novosibirsk, Russia.

Urethral destruction in women is a rare pathology which is result of traumatic damage of the urethra during pelvic fractures, sexual trauma, iatrogenic effects (operative vaginal delivery, prolonged catheterization of the bladder, complicated surgical interventions on the urethra, etc.). The main symptom of urethral destruction is involuntary urinary incontinence. Read More

Front Pharmacol 2021 14;12:608637. Epub 2021 Apr 14.

Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital (Gener Hospital) of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.

Diabetic bladder dysfunction (DBD) afflicts nearly half of diabetic patients, but effective treatment is lacking. In this study, IR-61, a novel heptamethine cyanine dye with potential antioxidant effects, was investigated to determine whether it can alleviate DBD. Rats were intraperitoneally injected with IR-61 or vehicle after diabetes was induced with streptozotocin. Read More

Praxis (Bern 1994) 2021 Apr;110(6):324-335

Klinik für Neurochirurgie, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen.

Acute Traumatic Central Cord Syndrome: Etiology, Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestation, and Treatment The acute traumatic central cord syndrome (ATCCS) represents an injury to the spinal cord with disproportionately greater motor impairment of the upper than the lower extremities, with bladder dysfunction and with varying degrees of sensory loss below the level of the respective lesion. The mechanism of ATCCS is most commonly a traumatic hyperextension injury of the cervical spine at the base of an underlying spondylosis and spinal stenosis. The mean age is 53 years, and segments C4 to Th1 are most frequently affected. Read More

J Robot Surg 2021 Apr 24. Epub 2021 Apr 24.

USC Institute of Urology, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Ave., Suite 7416, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-9178, USA.

Radical prostatectomy is the gold standard in patients that are surgical candidates with localized prostate cancer. While most postoperative urine leaks are from vesico-urethral anastomosis, urologists must be aware that a small percentage of patients may have a urine leak from other sites that may have been inadvertently injured during the procedure. We propose a systematic workup to evaluate the source of the urinary leak as well as appropriate management of such injuries. Read More

BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021 Apr 14;22(1):353. Epub 2021 Apr 14.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Toho University Omori Medical Center, 6-11-1, Omori-Nishi, Ota-Ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan.

Background: Acromegaly is a rare disease caused by high serum levels of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), often originating from a pituitary adenoma. Spinal and peripheral joint abnormalities are caused by these hormonal hypersecretions. In particular, the response to GH is involved in the onset of ossification of the spinal ligament in vitro, especially ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL). Read More

Cureus 2021 Feb 28;13(2):e13610. Epub 2021 Feb 28.

Internal Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QAT.

Scalp angiosarcoma is a malignant tumor of the vascular endothelial cells. We present the case of an elderly male patient with a history of urinary bladder transitional cell cancer and trauma (falling on his head) who came to the emergency department with scalp swelling, which was found on brain imaging to infiltrate into the skull, reaching the dural matter. A biopsy was done, which showed angiosarcoma, which is rare for that area. Read More

Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 2021 Jan;55(1):80-83

Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Bağcılar Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.

We present a case of a 67-year-old woman who was initially treated conservatively for pelvic fracture. After 4 weeks, she was admitted to our clinic with swelling and pain in the distal part of her right thigh. Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging showed accumulation of fluid between the subcutaneous adipose tissue and fascia. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2021 Feb 20;22:e929469. Epub 2021 Feb 20.

Department of Bariatric Surgery, Elite Circle Medical Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

BACKGROUND Intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCD) are commonly used. Although IUCD use is considered safe, one adverse event is uterine perforation and its migration into surrounding organs. Migrations into the urinary bladder and the intestine have been sometimes reported. Read More

Virchows Arch 2021 Feb 12. Epub 2021 Feb 12.

Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.

The hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a rare disorder characterized by hypereosinophilia and infiltration of various organs with eosinophils. Eosinophilic cystitis (EC), mimicking bladder cancer clinically but also in ultrasound and in radiographic imaging, is one potential manifestation of the HES occurring in adults as well as in children. This case report describes the course of disease in a 57-year-old male presenting with severe gait disorders and symptoms of a low compliance bladder caused by a large retropubic tumor. Read More

Urol Case Rep 2021 May 15;36:101571. Epub 2021 Jan 15.

Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Leakage from the kidney, ureter, bladder, and urethra, which mainly occur due to trauma, forms urinoma. The best tool for diagnosis of urinoma is enhanced-computed tomography with delayed imaging. Apart from injury, ureteral stone can induce urinoma, however, it is rare. Read More

Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 2021 Jan 18;82(1):1-9. Epub 2021 Jan 18.

Department of Urology, Frimley Park Hospital, Frimley, Surrey, UK.

Urological trauma is frequently encountered in patients with high energy pelvic fractures and can have debilitating long-term sequelae for patients without appropriate multidisciplinary management. Anterior pelvic ring disruption causes a high incidence of bladder rupture and urethral injuries, and initial assessment requires urological tract imaging and emergent bladder drainage before subsequent surgical repair. Pelvic ring disruption requires urgent fixation and should be managed as an open fracture in the context of significant bladder and urethral injury with urinary leakage. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2021 Jan 28;15(1):24. Epub 2021 Jan 28.

Advanced Critical Care Center, Gifu University Hospital, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.

Background: Heat-related illnesses include symptoms such as heat syncope/cramps, heat exhaustion, and life-threatening heat stroke. Usually, a heat stroke causes cerebellar ataxia, cognitive impairment, dysphagia, and aphasia. We report a very rare case of a patient who developed severe heat stroke complicated by multiple cerebral infarctions. Read More

Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2020 Dec;47(13):2123-2125

Dept. of Surgery, Sumitomo Hospital.

A 40's woman complained of back pain and unable to walk. Computed tomography(CT)suggested that the 4th thoracic vertebra was crushed and spinal cord was compressed. Also, CT pointed out the right breast tumor and axillary lymph nodes metastasis. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 Jan 11;14(1). Epub 2021 Jan 11.

Urology, Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore.

A 26-year-old man underwent laparoscopic appendicectomy for acute appendicitis that was carried out uneventfully after initial urethral catheterisation to empty the bladder. Postoperatively, he developed oliguria associated with high drain output and elevated drain fluid creatinine. A contrast-enhanced computed tomography urography scan showed a small amount of contrast in the intraperitoneal space. Read More

Cancer Radiother 2021 May 2;25(3):271-278. Epub 2021 Jan 2.

Département de radiothérapie, Institut Bergonié, 229, cours de l'Argonne, 33076 Bordeaux cedex, France. Electronic address:

Purpose: Radiation therapy (RT) for muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is challenging, with observed variations in bladder shape and size resulting in inappropriate coverage of the target volumes (CTV). Large margins were historically applied around the CTV, increasing the dose delivered to organs at risk (OAR). With repositioning imaging and visualization of soft tissues during image guided RT, an opportunity to consider these movements and deformations appeared possible with an adaptive RT approach (ART). Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2020 Dec 22;13(12). Epub 2020 Dec 22.

Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India.

A 52-year-old man presented with lower urinary tract symptoms and intermittent haematuria for the last 6 months. He had undergone totally extraperitoneal right inguinal hernia repair a decade ago. The ultrasonography and an X-ray of the pelvis suggested a large radio-opaque shadow in the bladder. Read More

Am Fam Physician 2020 12;102(12):740-750

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.

Degenerative cervical myelopathy encompasses a collection of pathologic conditions that result in progressive spinal cord dysfunction secondary to cord compression. Patients are typically male (3: 1 male-to-female ratio), and the average age of presentation is 64 years. The exact incidence is unclear because of differences in terminology and because radiographic findings can be present in asymptomatic individuals. Read More

Wilderness Environ Med 2021 Mar 10;32(1):70-73. Epub 2020 Dec 10.

Department of Acute Critical Care Medicine, Shizuoka Hospital, Juntendo University, Shizuoka, Japan. Electronic address:

A 26-y-old experienced scotoma scintillans after 59 min of scuba diving at a maximum depth of 26 m. After the patient smoked a cigarette, the scotoma scintillans ceased. However, he then developed a headache, general fatigue, and shoulder and elbow pain. Read More

Tech Vasc Interv Radiol 2020 Sep 6;23(3):100694. Epub 2020 Oct 6.

Department of Interventional Radiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL.

Hematuria of prostatic origin has multiple etiologies including benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), iatrogenic urological trauma, prostate cancer, and radiation therapy. Hematuria secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia can occur because of the increased vascularity of the primary gland, itself, or because of the vascular re-growth following a transurethral resection of the prostate. Prostatic hematuria usually resolves with conservative measures; however, refractory hematuria of prostatic origin may require hospitalization with treatment with blood transfusions, repeated indwelling urinary catheterization, and continuous bladder irrigation. Read More

Indian J Radiol Imaging 2020 Jul-Sep;30(3):409-414. Epub 2020 Oct 15.

Department of Urology and Renal Transplant, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India.

Male urethral diverticulum is an uncommon entity, the abnormality being more frequently encountered in females. The pathology may be congenital or acquired and the more frequent acquired type usually occurs following trauma. Afflicted patients usually lack specific symptoms, although in a few instances, symptoms of lower urinary tract obstruction, calculi, or infection may prevail. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2020 Nov 24;14(1):227. Epub 2020 Nov 24.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.

Introduction: Genitourinary tract trauma caused by ox horn injury in the presence of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is an extremely rare phenomenon and associated with devastating morbidity.

Case Presentation: A 50-year-old multiparous postmenopausal woman from rural northwest Ethiopia presented with the primary complaint of urinary incontinence 6 days after she suffered ox horn injury to her prolapsed genitalia. She had stage 3 pelvic organ prolapse with the leading point being the cervix. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2020 Nov 18;14(1):223. Epub 2020 Nov 18.

Dept. of Neurosurgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.

Background: A generally accepted rule is that posttraumatic syringomyelia (PTS) results from spinal cord injury (SCI).

Case Presentation: Here, we report the development of syringomyelia without SCI in a 54-year-old Caucasian man following a mild motor vehicle accident. The computed tomography on admission excluded an injury of the spine. Read More

J Int Med Res 2020 Nov;48(11):300060520966890

Department of Emergency and Trauma Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.

Subdural effusion (SDE) is a common complication secondary to decompressive craniectomy (DC). This current case report describes a patient with contralateral SDE with a typical clinical course. Initially, he made a good recovery following a head trauma that caused a loss of consciousness and was treated with decompressive craniectomy. Read More

Surg Neurol Int 2020 29;11:362. Epub 2020 Oct 29.

Department of Neurosurgery University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States.

Background: Cervical myelopathy in an adult is typically the result of degenerative disease or trauma. Dysraphism is rarely the cause.

Case Description: The authors report the case of a 35-year-old male drywall installer who presented with 2 years of progressive left upper extremity weakness, numbness, and hand clumsiness. Read More

J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2021 ;34(1):43-47

Rehabilitation Unit, Rehabilitation Department, Azienda Ospedaliera SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy.

Introduction: Scoliosis is frequently associated with pain and radiculopathy, but it is not considered a possible cause of acute spinal cord injury (SCI). Here we present a case report in which scoliosis was apparently linked to spinal cord ischaemia.

Case Presentation: A 20-year-old woman with conservatively treated severe scoliosis presented with acute spinal cord infarction, which occurred during a spinal flexion while she was tidying up the bed. Read More

J Pediatr Urol 2021 02 14;17(1):66.e1-66.e6. Epub 2020 Oct 14.

Department of Urology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) images the urethra and bladder during filling and emptying, as well as ureters and kidneys when vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is present, providing detailed information about both anatomical and functional status of the urinary tract. Given the importance of information obtained, and the varying quality depending on VCUG technique and radiology reporting, the American Academy of Pediatrics Sections on Urology and Radiology published a joint standardized VCUG protocol in 2016.

Objective: We compared VCUG reports from multiple institutions before and after publication of the protocol to determine adherence to recommendations. Read More