Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere 2018 Oct 12;46(5):289-295. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Objective: Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) is the most common malignant tumour of the canine urinary tract. Previously, the mutation of the BRAF gene V595E was identified in approximately 85 % of canine TCC cases by DNA sequencing of TCC tumour cells, both in frozen and paraffin-embedded tissue sections, as well as in urine. The objective of this study was to establish these methods in cytological smears and to investigate the prevalence of BRAF mutation V595E in canine TCC in our cohort of patients. Read More

Neuropediatrics 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Medical Genetics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.

X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) is a rare inherited neuromuscular disorder associated with mutations in the gene on the Xq28 region. We report a severely affected girl with XLMTM, caused by maternally inherited 661 kb Xq28 microduplication identified by chromosomal microarray analysis and confirmed also on DNA from muscle biopsy with a custom-designed X-chromosome-specific microarray. X-inactivation analysis revealed a skewed inactivation pattern on the proband's muscle biopsy. Read More

Sleep 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.

Sleep abnormalities are common among children with neurodevelopmental disorders. The human chr16p11.2 microdeletion is associated with a range of neurological and neurobehavioral abnormalities. Read More

J Infect Dis 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.

Background: Differential transmission from HIV-infected compared to HIV-uninfected individuals may impact influenza burden. We estimated the household secondary infection risk (SIR) and serial interval (SI) for influenza transmission from HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected index cases and identified associated factors.

Methods: Index cases were the first symptomatic person in a household with influenza-like illness, testing influenza positive on real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR). Read More

Rheumatology (Oxford) 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.

Objectives: Based on the antibody profiles of inflammatory myositis patients, we investigated the type 1 IFN (T1-IFN) signature in serum and DM skin to determine the relationship between T1-IFN and vasculopathy in anti-melanoma differentiation-associated 5 gene (MDA5) antibody-positive DM patients.

Methods: We examined 47 patients with new-onset inflammatory myositis. We divided them into three groups: the anti-MDA5 antibody-positive patients (MDA5 group, n = 16), the anti-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase antibody-positive patients (aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase group, n = 12), and the double-negative patients (n = 19). Read More

J Infect Dis 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD USA.

Capsular polysaccharides have been confirmed to be an important virulence trait in many different Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Similarly, they are proposed to be virulence traits in minimal Mycoplasma that cause disease in humans and animals. In this study, goats were infected with the caprine pathogen Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. Read More

J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Vascular Disease, Nephrology and Clinical Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Germany.

Context: The effect of a lifestyle intervention to reduce liver fat content in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in humans is influenced by genetics. We hypothesized that the functionally active amino acid exchange in humans Gly388Arg (mouse homologue: Gly385Arg) in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), which regulates bile acid, lipid and glucose metabolism, may determine the dynamics of hepatic lipid accumulation and insulin sensitivity in humans. Mechanisms of this substitution were studied in mice under normal chow and high-fat diet. Read More

ILAR J 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Radiology, Miller Research Building Molecular Imaging Service Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.

Preclinical noninvasive imaging can be an indispensable tool for studying animal models of disease. In vivo imaging to assess anatomical, functional, and molecular features requires verification by a comparison to the macroscopic and microscopic morphological features, since all noninvasive in vivo imaging methods have much lower resolution than standard histopathology. Comprehensive pathological evaluation of the animal model is underutilized; yet, many institutions have veterinary or human pathologists with necessary comparative pathology expertise. Read More

J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.

Background: Low-grade chronic inflammation, characterized by elevations in plasma Interleukin-6 (IL-6), is an independent risk factor of impaired mobility in older persons. Angiotensin receptor blockers and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3) may reduce IL-6 and may potentially improve physical function. To assess the main effects of the angiotensin receptor blocker losartan and ω-3 as fish oil on IL-6 and 400 m walking speed, we conducted the ENRGISE Pilot multicenter randomized clinical trial. Read More

Alcohol Alcohol 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.

Aim: To evaluate, in a breathalyzer-based eHealth system, whether the time-based digital biomarker 'maximum time between tests' (MTBT) brings valuable information on alcohol consumption patterns as confirmed by correlation with blood phosphatidyl ethanol (PEth), serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) and timeline follow-back data.

Method: Data on 54 patients in follow-up for treatment of alcohol use disorder were analysed.

Results: The model of weekly averages of 24-log transformed MTBT adequately described timeline follow-back data (P  <  0. Read More

J Natl Cancer Inst 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.

Background: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identify associations of individual single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with cancer risk but usually only explain a fraction of the inherited variability. Pathway analysis of genetic variants is a powerful tool to identify networks of susceptibility genes.

Methods: We conducted a large agnostic pathway-based meta-analysis of GWAS data using the summary-based adaptive rank truncated product method to identify gene sets and pathways associated with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) in 9040 cases and 12 496 controls. Read More

Jpn J Clin Oncol 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Clinical Genetics, Yokohama City University Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.

Background: Application of next-generation DNA sequencing (NGS) has recently become increasingly common in the field of clinical oncology in several countries around the world. In Japan also, a system for applying NGS to routine clinical practice is gradually being established. During this process, we introduced in Japan the tumor-profiling MSK-IMPACT (Memorial Sloan Kettering-Integrated Mutation Profiling of Actionable Cancer Targets) assay. Read More

Dis Esophagus 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Gastroenterology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.

The 4-quadrant forceps biopsy (FB) protocol for identifying Barrett's esophagus (BE) and esophageal dysplasia (ED) suffers from poor sensitivity due to significant sampling error. We investigated the benefit of wide-area transepithelial sampling with 3-dimensional computer-assisted analysis (WATS) used adjunctively to the combination of random and targeted FB in the detection of ED, and as a secondary outcome, BE. In this multicenter prospective trial, community endoscopists at 21 sites utilized WATS as an adjunct to both targeted and random FB in patients undergoing BE screening and surveillance. Read More

Folia Phoniatr Logop 2018 Dec 12;71(1):42-55. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Speech-Language Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Background/aims: Specific language impairment (SLI) is characterized by deficits in language ability. However, studies have also reported motor impairments in SLI. It has been proposed that the language and motor impairments in SLI share common origins. Read More

Dig Dis 2018 Dec 12:1-10. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Clinic for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.

Superficial neoplastic lesions of the digestive tract are usually asymptomatic, and often represent incidental findings on endoscopy. The Paris Classification was developed for the systematic evaluation of superficial lesions of the oesophagus, stomach and colon. The significance of this classification in clinical practice is that it allows the depth of invasion to be estimated. Read More

Digestion 2018 Dec 12:1-10. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan.

Background/aims: Behçet's disease (BD) with intestinal lesions and Crohn's disease (CD) share clinical features. However, no report has compared the 2 diseases with regard to lesions of the upper gastrointestinal tract (UGT). We aimed to evaluate endoscopic and histologic findings of UGT in CD and BD. Read More

Oncology 2018 Dec 12:1-8. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City,

Objective: We aimed to study the prognostic role of CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) in patients with different stages of colorectal cancer (CRC).

Material And Methods: We analyzed CIMP in stage I-IV CRC specimens from patients who were diagnosed between 2005 and 2013. CIMP status was determined using a 5-gene MethyLight-based assay. Read More

Nephron 2018 Dec 12:1-11. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.

Background/aims: Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, are present in various bodily fluids, including urine. We and others previously reported that cells expressing fibroblast-specific protein 1 (FSP1) accumulate within damaged glomeruli, and that urinary FSP1, as well as urinary soluble CD163, could potentially serve as a biomarker of ongoing glomerular injury.

Methods: To test that idea, we collected urine samples from 37 patients with glomerular disease; purified the urinary EVs; characterized them using Nanosight, western blotting, and immunoelectron microscopy; and determined FSP1 and soluble CD163 levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Read More

Int Immunopharmacol 2018 Dec 9;67:106-118. Epub 2018 Dec 9.

Department of Immunology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, China; Key Laboratory of Tumor Prevention and Treatment of Heilongjiang Province, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, China; Institute of Neural Tissue Engineering, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, China. Electronic address:

Macrophages are highly plastic cells. Depending on stimulation, macrophages rapidly polarize to functionally distinct phenotypes that are involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). 1,25‑Dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)D) has immunomodulatory activity, and 1,25(OH)D deficiency is correlated with autoimmune diseases, especially IBD. Read More

Cell Rep 2018 Dec;25(11):3136-3147.e5

Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. Electronic address:

Alphaviruses are enveloped pathogens that cause arthritis and encephalitis. Here, we report a 4.4-Å cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV), an alphavirus that causes fatal encephalitis in humans. Read More

Cell Rep 2018 Dec;25(11):3086-3098.e3

State Key Laboratory of Virology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China. Electronic address:

Mediator of IRF3 activation (MITA), also known as stimulator of interferon genes (STING), plays a vital role in the innate immune responses to cytosolic dsDNA. The trafficking of MITA from the ER to perinuclear vesicles is necessary for its activation of the downstream molecules, which lead to the production of interferons and pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, the exact mechanism of MITA activation remains elusive. Read More

Cell Rep 2018 Dec;25(11):3036-3046.e6

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA. Electronic address:

IL-10 functions as a suppressor of colitis and colitis-associated colon cancer, but it is also a risk locus associated with ulcerative colitis. The mechanism underlying the contrasting roles of IL-10 in inflammation and colon cancer is unknown. We report here that inflammation induces the accumulation of CD11bGr1 myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) that express high levels of IL-10 in colon tissue. Read More

Cell Rep 2018 Dec;25(11):3006-3020.e7

Department of Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Urology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA. Electronic address:

There is a considerable need to identify those individuals with prostate cancer who have indolent disease. We propose that genes that control adult stem cell homeostasis in organs with slow turnover, such as the prostate, control cancer fate. One such gene, KLF4, overexpressed in murine prostate stem cells, regulates their homeostasis, blocks malignant transformation, and controls the self-renewal of tumor-initiating cells. Read More

Cell Rep 2018 Dec;25(11):2972-2980.e5

Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Electronic address:

PARP inhibitors have shown promising clinical activities for patients with BRCA mutations and are changing the landscape of ovarian cancer treatment. However, the therapeutic mechanisms of action for PARP inhibition in the interaction of tumors with the tumor microenvironment and the host immune system remain unclear. We find that PARP inhibition by olaparib triggers robust local and systemic antitumor immunity involving both adaptive and innate immune responses through a STING-dependent antitumor immune response in mice bearing Brca1-deficient ovarian tumors. Read More

Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

University of Tokushima Graduate School, Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Tokushima, Japan ;

The signaling pathways of growth factors including platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) can be considered specific targets for overcoming the poor prognosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Nintedanib, the recently approved multiple kinase inhibitor, has shown promising anti-fibrotic effects in IPF patients; however, its efficacy is still limited, and in some cases, treatment discontinuation is necessary due to toxicities such as gastrointestinal disorders. Therefore, more effective agents with less toxicity are still needed. Read More

Ear Nose Throat J 2018 Dec;97(12):E28-E30

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Extra-abdominal fibromatosis (EAF) is a rare, locally aggressive tumor that originates in fascial structures. It accounts for less than 0.3% of all tumors diagnosed. Read More

Ear Nose Throat J 2018 Dec;97(12):E15-E17

Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 5777 E. Mayo Blvd., Phoenix, AZ 85084, USA.

Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a unifying term for a spectrum of lymphoid expansion entities brought about by immunosuppression. It can present throughout the head and neck, and tonsillar involvement is not limited to children. We report the case of a 67-year-old woman who developed odynophagia associated with putrid halitosis 4 months after she had undergone renal transplantation. Read More

Ear Nose Throat J 2018 Dec;97(12):E11-E14

Department of Otolaryngology, Lenox Hill Hospital/Northwell Health, 110-11 72nd Ave., Suite 1B, Forest Hills, NY 11375, USA.

Red ear syndrome (RES) is an unusual, often unrecognized condition that has rarely been reported in the otolaryngology literature despite the presence of symptoms and associated disorders of relevance to the otolaryngologist. When present, RES may have diagnostic value when uncertainties arise in cases of sinus headache and referred otalgia. Despite the appearance of a distinctive red ear, as well as symptoms and associated disorders relating to otolaryngology, discussion of RES is generally limited to neurology-based publications. Read More

PLoS One 2018 12;13(12):e0208862. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Plant Pathology, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, United States of America.

Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3) is the most widely prevalent and economically important of the complex of RNA viruses associated with grapevine leafroll disease (GLD). Phylogenetic studies have grouped GLRaV-3 isolates into nine different monophyletic groups and four supergroups, making GLRaV-3 a genetically highly diverse virus species. In addition, new divergent variants have been discovered recently around the world. Read More

PLoS One 2018 12;13(12):e0208845. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America.

Decomposing vertebrates, including humans, result in pronounced changes in surrounding soil biogeochemistry, particularly nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) availability, and alter soil micro- and macrofauna. However, the impacts of subsurface human decomposition, where oxygen becomes limited and microbial biomass is generally lower, are far less understood. The goals of this study were to evaluate the impact of human decomposition in a multi-individual, shallow (~70 cm depth) grave on soil biogeochemistry and soil microbial and nematode communities. Read More

PLoS One 2018 12;13(12):e0208908. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.

Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a molecular imaging technique that maps the distribution of molecules in biological tissues with high spatial resolution. The most widely used MSI modality is matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI), mainly due to the large variety of analyte classes amenable for MALDI analysis. However, the organic matrices used in classical MALDI may impact the quality of the molecular images due to limited lateral resolution and strong background noise in the low mass range, hindering its use in metabolomics. Read More

PLoS One 2018 12;13(12):e0208530. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Plant Virology Laboratory, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticulture, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Huanglongbing (HLB) or citrus greening is highly destructive disease that is affecting the citrus industry worldwide and it has killed millions of citrus plants globally. HLB is caused by the phloem limited, Gram negative, non-culturable, alpha-proteobacterium, 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus'. Currently, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real time PCR have been the gold standard techniques used for detection of 'Ca. Read More

PLoS Biol 2018 Dec 12;16(12):e2005821. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Molecular Plant Pathology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

The ability to induce a defense response after pathogen attack is a critical feature of the immune system of any organism. Nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs) are key players in this process and perceive the occurrence of nonself-activities or foreign molecules. In plants, coevolution with a variety of pests and pathogens has resulted in repertoires of several hundred diverse NLRs in single individuals and many more in populations as a whole. Read More

PLoS Biol 2018 Dec 12;16(12):e2005956. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, United States of America.

Plant protein kinases form redundant signaling pathways to perceive microbial pathogens and activate immunity. Bacterial pathogens repress cellular immune responses by secreting effectors, some of which bind and inhibit multiple host kinases. To understand how broadly bacterial effectors may bind protein kinases and the function of these kinase interactors, we first tested kinase-effector (K-E) interactions using the Pseudomonas syringae pv. Read More

Rev Gastroenterol Peru 2018 Jul-Sep;38(3):297-300

Hospital Guillermo Kaelin de la Fuente. Lima, Perú; Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Perú.

Primary gastric choriocarcinoma (PGC) is an extremely rare and highly invasive tumor with rapid hematogenous spread. We present the case of a 57-year-old female patient who started with hematemesis and progressive episodes of melena, weight loss and epigastralgia. It is derived from the National Institute of Neoplastic Diseases where gastroscopy and biopsy are performed. Read More

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Clinical Pharmacology & Digestive Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.

Vomiting is not only unpleasant for both children and families, but can lead to frequent hospital admission. The persistent vomiting hampers oral intake and increases the risk of dehydration so the proper use of antiemetic drugs can be useful. The pharmacological treatment of vomiting in children remains a challenge for the pediatrician because several antiemetics are prescribed as "off-label", outside their authorized drug label. Read More

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition.

Objective: Recent studies show increased serum and esophageal IgG4 in patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), suggesting a possible IgG4-involved process. The role of IgG4 in pediatric EoE has not been extensively investigated. Our aim was to analyze IgG4 in esophageal tissue in children in parallel to that in adults with EoE. Read More

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.

Objectives: Evidence suggests that lysosomal acid lipase deficiency (LAL-D) is often underdiagnosed because symptoms may be nonspecific. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of LAL-D in children with unexplained liver disease and to identify demographic and clinical features with a prospective, multicenter, cross-sectional study.

Methods: Patients (aged 3 months-18 years) who had unexplained transaminase elevation, unexplained hepatomegaly or hepatosplenomegaly, obesity-unrelated liver steatosis, biopsy-proven cryptogenic fibrosis and cirrhosis, or liver transplantation for cryptogenic cirrhosis were enrolled. Read More

Otol Neurotol 2019 Jan;40(1):16-21

World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, Warsaw/Kajetany.

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between psychoacoustic matches of tinnitus loudness and tinnitus loudness measured with a visual analogue scale (VAS) in patients with normal hearing and patients with hearing loss.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Patients: A clinical group of 140 adult patients (46. Read More

Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Departments of General Surgery.

Although high-ligated pedicle of the inferior mesenteric artery is usually kept in the resected specimens, the value of preserving high-ligated pedicle of the inferior mesenteric vein within the resected specimens of the sphincter saving rectal resections for cancer is not well defined. In the current study, patients undergoing open, laparoscopic, and robotic sphincter saving rectal resection for cancer were prospectively included. Lymph node invasion and presence of lymph nodes along the IMV pedicles were analyzed. Read More

Anticancer Drugs 2019 Jan;30(1):1-18

Department of Pathology.

Artemisinin (ART) and its derivatives are one of the most important classes of antimalarial agents, originally derived from a Chinese medicinal plant called Artemisia annua L. Beyond their outstanding antimalarial and antischistosomal activities, ART and its derivatives also possess both in-vitro and in-vivo activities against various types of cancer. Their anticancer effects range from initiation of apoptotic cell death to inhibition of cancer proliferation, metastasis and angiogenesis, and even modulation of the cell signal transduction pathway. Read More

Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Düsseldorf University Hospital, Düsseldorf, Germany.

Purpose Of Review: The possibility of tumor dissemination through the blood system has been known for years. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are detectable in the peripheral blood of patients with early as well as metastatic breast cancer. The prognostic relevance of this biomarker has already been described. Read More

Curr Opin Rheumatol 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.

Purpose Of Review: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multiorgan autoimmune disease characterized by IgG-autoantibodies to nuclear antigens that can deposit in the kidney and trigger lupus nephritis. Neutrophils accumulate in the kidneys of patients with proliferative LUPUS NEPHRITIS and neutrophil products and a subset of granulocytes, called low-density granulocytes (LDG) may contribute to lupus nephritis pathogenesis. Here, we will discuss recent studies implicating neutrophils in the pathogenesis of human SLE nephritis and then examine studies that provide mechanistic insights into how these cells are recruited to the glomerulus following immune complex deposition and how their products may promote lupus nephritis. Read More

Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA.

Purpose Of Review: To provide an update of the literature on the use of new biomarkers of rejection in kidney transplant recipients.

Recent Findings: The kidney allograft biopsy is currently considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of rejection. However, the kidney biopsy is invasive and could be indeterminate. Read More

Am J Surg Pathol 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

INSERM1052, CNRS 5286, Lyon-Sud Charles Mérieux Lyon-1 Faculty, Claude Bernard University.

Gray-zone lymphoma (GZL) with features intermediate between classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) and large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) was introduced as a provisional entity into the World Health Organization classification in 2008. However, as diagnostic criteria are imprecise, reliable identification of GZL cases remains challenging. Here, we describe the histopathologic features of 139 GZL cases from a retrospective Lymphoma Study Association (LYSA) study with the goal to improve classification accuracy. Read More

Phytopathology 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, 242612, Department of Plant Biology, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States ;

Anisogramma anomala (Peck) E. Müller, a biotrophic ascomycete in the order Diaporthales, causes eastern filbert blight (EFB) of hazelnuts (Corylus). Until recently, little has been documented on its genetic diversity and population structure. Read More

Plant Dis 2018 Dec 12:PDIS01180147RE. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), the Volcani Center, Rishon Le'Zion, 7528809 Israel.

Heart rot, caused by Alternaria alternata, is a major pomegranate disease that impacts production worldwide; most fruits in orchards are colonized by A. alternata but, nevertheless, symptoms are apparent on only a small proportion of the colonized fruits. During the years of our previous research it was noticed that within individual orchards, the incidence of pomegranate fruits exhibiting heart rot symptoms was related to the visual appearance of the trees: trees that appeared visually frail bore more diseased fruits than robust trees. Read More

FASEB J 2018 Dec 12:fj201800926R. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; and.

SRC-family kinases (SFKs) have been implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but their mode of action was scarcely understood. Here, we show that LYN plays an essential role in amyloid β (Aβ)-triggered neurotoxicity and tau hyperphosphorylation by phosphorylating Fcγ receptor IIb2 (FcγRIIb2). We found that enzyme activity of LYN was increased in the brain of AD patients and was promoted in neuronal cells exposed to Aβ 1-42 (Aβ). Read More

JAMA Dermatol 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

INSERM UMR-1137, IAME, University of Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Bichat.

Aging (Albany NY) 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore 308433, Singapore.

Individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) exhibit varying serial position effect (SPE) performances. The relationship between SPE performance in word list recall and clinical, genetic, and neuroimaging features of MCI requires elucidation. 119 MCI and 68 cognitively normal (CN) participants underwent cognitive assessment, apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genotyping, and volumetric MRI brain scans processed via voxel-based morphometry. Read More