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Rev Med Interne 2022 Jun 22. Epub 2022 Jun 22.

Service de médecine interne et post-urgences, hôpital Pellegrin, CHU de Bordeaux, hôpital Pellegrin, place Amélie Raba Léon, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, Talence, France. Electronic address:

Introduction: Hearing loss is a rare manifestation in giant cell arteritis. The different types of deafness are possible with a predominance of sensorineural deafness.

Case Report: We report a 75-year-old woman who presented with typical manifestations of giant cell arteritis associated concomitantly with the occurrence of bilateral mixed hearing loss confirmed on the audiogram. Read More

J Vasc Surg 2022 Jun 13. Epub 2022 Jun 13.

Heart and Vascular Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH.

Objective: A surgical temporal artery biopsy (TAB) is the gold standard for diagnosis of giant cell arteritis (GCA). The necessity of performing a bilateral biopsy remains under debate. The primary objective of this study was to assess the rate of discordance between pathology results in patients who underwent bilateral temporal artery biopsy for suspected GCA. Read More

Pol Arch Intern Med 2022 Jun 6. Epub 2022 Jun 6.

Large vessel vasculitis (LVV), including Takayasu arteritis (TAK) and giant cell arteritis (GCA), causes granulomatous vascular inflammation mainly in large vessels, and is the most common primary vasculitis in adults. Vascular inflammation may evoke many clinical features including vision impairment, stroke, limb ischemia, and aortic aneurysms. The best way to diagnose LVV is to combine medical history, physical examination, various laboratory tests, and imaging modalities. Read More

Rheumatol Adv Pract 2022 12;6(2):rkac040. Epub 2022 May 12.

Department of Rheumatology, Counties Manukau District Health Board, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand.

Objectives: A retrospective observational study was undertaken to assess the diagnostic performance (sensitivity and specificity) of colour duplex ultrasound (CDUS) compared with temporal artery biopsy (TAB) for the diagnosis of GCA in the Counties Manukau District Health Board (CMDHB), New Zealand using clinical diagnosis as the reference standard.

Methods: The study population included patients with clinically suspected GCA who were referred to Middlemore Hospital and underwent CDUS, TAB or both between January 2019 and December 2020.

Results: Sixty-nine patients were included in the study. Read More

Nihon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi 2022 ;59(2):233-236

Department of General Internal Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital.

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is considered in the differential diagnosis of fever of unknown origin in the elderly. We describe the case of an 83-year-old man with GCA diagnosed by temporal artery biopsy (TBA), who did not exhibit abnormal physical and imaging findings. The patient had fever and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP), which had persisted for two months. Read More

Eur Radiol 2022 Jun 1. Epub 2022 Jun 1.

Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 601 N Caroline St, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.

Objectives: To develop a general framework to assess temporal changes in lesion morphology on radiological images beyond volumetric changes and to test whether cocaine abstinence changes coronary plaque structure on serial coronary CT angiography (CTA).

Methods: Chronic cocaine users with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection were prospectively enrolled to undergo cash-based contingency management to achieve cocaine abstinence. Participants underwent coronary CTA at baseline and 6 and 12 months following recruitment. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2022 May 31;15(5). Epub 2022 May 31.

Internal Medicine, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, Gelderland, The Netherlands

Temporal arteritis is usually caused by giant cell arteritis (GCA). However, inflammation of the temporal artery can also occur secondary to autoimmune diseases or infections.We present a remarkable case of a man in his 70s with biopsy proven temporal arteritis, who was later diagnosed with meningovascular neurosyphilis. Read More

Cells 2022 05 17;11(10). Epub 2022 May 17.

Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, pharmazentrum frankfurt Goethe-University, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

Ischemic stroke is a highly prevalent vascular disease leading to oxygen- and glucose deprivation in the brain. In response, ischemia-induced neovascularization occurs, which is supported by circulating CD34 endothelial progenitor cells. Here, we used the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) mouse model to characterize the spatio-temporal alterations within the ischemic core from the acute to the chronic phase using multiple-epitope-ligand cartography (MELC) for sequential immunohistochemistry. Read More

Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2022 May 20;10(5):e4185. Epub 2022 May 20.

Cummings School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Temporal artery biopsy (TAB) is currently the gold standard procedure to diagnose giant cell arteritis. Despite low sensitivity, TAB is routinely performed even if a clinical diagnosis has already been made. The objective of this study was to determine the usefulness of TAB for giant cell arteritis management. Read More

Saudi J Ophthalmol 2021 Jul-Sep;35(3):198-203. Epub 2022 Apr 18.

Department of Ophthalmology, Blanton Eye Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.

There are multiple vasculitides which are distinguished based on multiple criteria, including size of affected vessels, distribution of vessels affected, histopathologic differences, genetic factors, and age at presentation. Takayasu's arteritis (TkA) and giant cell arteritis (GCA) are the two main medium to large vessel vasculitides. These vasculitides are associated with different racial predilections, vascular distributions, age groups, diagnostic criteria, and treatments. Read More

Front Mol Neurosci 2022 27;15:874903. Epub 2022 Apr 27.

Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) miRNAs are promising diagnosis and prognosis biomarkers for ischemic stroke (IS). This study aimed to determine the impact of IS on the serum sEVs miRNA profile of IS patients and a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) mouse model. Small RNAseq was used to define the serum sEVs miRNA profile in IS patients and healthy controls (HC), and tMCAO mice and sham controls. Read More

Neuroimage Clin 2022 7;34:103035. Epub 2022 May 7.

Department of Child Neurology, Paediatric Neuroimaging, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany.

Introduction: Neonatal arterial ischemic stroke (NAIS) has been shown to affect white matter (WM) microstructure beyond the lesion. Here, we employed fixel-based analysis, a technique which allows to model and interpret WM alterations in complex arrangements such as crossing fibers, to further characterize the long-term effects of NAIS on the entire WM outside the primary infarct area.

Materials And Methods: 32 children (mean age 7. Read More

Scand J Rheumatol 2022 May 13:1-8. Epub 2022 May 13.

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, LTH, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.

Objective: Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a treatable, but potentially sight- and life-threatening form of systemic vasculitis. Prompt and correct diagnosis is therefore important. Temporal artery biopsy (TAB) is the gold standard for diagnosing GCA, but is associated with risks. Read More

Theranostics 2022 21;12(7):3007-3023. Epub 2022 Mar 21.

School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.

Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most common cause of dementia worldwide. The increasing contribution of lifestyle-associated risk factors to VaD has pointed towards gene-environment interactions (i.e. Read More

Semin Arthritis Rheum 2022 Apr 28;55:152017. Epub 2022 Apr 28.

Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland. Electronic address:

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and predictors of subclinical giant cell arteritis (GCA) in patients with newly diagnosed polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR).

Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science Core Collection were systematically searched (date of last search July 14, 2021) for any published information on any consecutively recruited cohort reporting the prevalence of GCA in steroid-naïve patients with PMR without cranial or ischemic symptoms. We combined prevalences across populations in a random-effect meta-analysis. Read More

Rheumatol Int 2022 May 7. Epub 2022 May 7.

Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Hôpital Nord, Service de Médecine Interne, Aix-Marseille Université (AMU), Marseille, France.

Objective: Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is the most frequent vasculitis affecting adults aged > 50 years. Cardiac involvement in GCA is considered rare, and only a few cases of pericarditis have been reported. The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics and prognosis of GCA patients suffering from pericardial involvement at diagnosis. Read More

Eur Heart J Case Rep 2022 Apr 12;6(4):ytac152. Epub 2022 Apr 12.

Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany.

Background: Inflammatory manifestation in the aortic arch can be a complication of giant cell arteritis (GCA), potentially requiring surgical therapy in the case of aneurysmatic dilatation.

Case Summary: We report the case of a 73-year-old female patient with GCA in whom a typical appearance of arteritis was visualized on magnetic resonance imaging of the superficial temporal arteries. Additionally, ectasia (4. Read More

J Vasc Surg Cases Innov Tech 2022 Jun 31;8(2):237-239. Epub 2022 Mar 31.

Integrated Pathology Services, Bridgetown, Barbados.

Lobular capillary hemangiomas (LCHs) are a common form of benign vascular tumors originating from the skin and subcutaneous tissues. We have described the case of a 47-year-old man who had presented with a 1-month history of a tender swelling to the right temporal region. Biopsy was performed to rule out temporal arteritis and demonstrated a subset of LCH, now formally known as intravascular LCH. Read More

Clin Exp Rheumatol 2022 May 27;40(4):838-840. Epub 2022 Apr 27.

Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Patras University Hospital, and Department of Medicine, University of Patras Medical School, Rion, Patras, Greece.

We present herein the case of a patient with brachial plexopathy, the first manifestation of giant cell arteritis (GCA). A 71-year-old woman presented with a subacute-onset weakness of her upper extremities; the patient had an initially good clinical response to steroid treatment. However, a few weeks after steroid discontinuation, she manifested fever and fatigue and increased serum markers consistent with a systemic inflammatory response. Read More

J Neuroophthalmol 2022 03 18;42(1):e362-e366. Epub 2021 Aug 18.

McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center (AD), Houston, Texas; Department of Ophthalmology (NB, SHB, PC-B, AGL), Blanton Eye Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas; Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine (PC-B), Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (PC-B), Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (PC-B), the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; Department of Ophthalmology (PC-B, AGL), Baylor College of Medicine. Houston, Texas; The Houston Methodist Research Institute (AGL), Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas; Departments of Ophthalmology Weill Cornell Medicine (AGL), New York, New York; Department of Ophthalmology (AGL), University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (AGL), Houston, Texas; Texas A and M College of Medicine (AGL), Bryan, Texas; and Department of Ophthalmology (AGL), the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa.

Rheumatology (Oxford) 2022 Apr 23. Epub 2022 Apr 23.

Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Objective: Evidence from temporal artery tissue and blood suggests involvement of CD8+ T cells in the pathogenesis of giant cell arteritis (GCA), but their exact role is poorly understood. Therefore, we performed a comprehensive analysis of circulating and lesional CD8+ T cells in GCA patients.

Methods: Circulating CD8+ T cells were analysed for differentiation status (CD45RO, CCR7), markers of activation (CD69 and CD25) and proliferation (Ki-67) in 14 newly diagnosed GCA patients and 18 healthy controls by flow cytometry. Read More

J Neuroophthalmol 2022 06 25;42(2):208-211. Epub 2022 Mar 25.

USC Roski Eye Institute (AS, JRC), Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; Wilmer Eye Institute (AMG, ARC, ADH, TJM, JRC), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Ophthalmology (AMG, AP), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom; School of Medicine (AMG), Division of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom; and Moorfields Eye Hospital (AP), London, United Kingdom.

Background: Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is the most common vasculitis in adults and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Temporal artery biopsy (TAB) remains the gold standard for diagnosis in the United States; however, practices vary in the length of artery obtained and whether bilateral simultaneous biopsies are obtained.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of all TABs performed at the Johns Hopkins Wilmer Eye Institute between July 1, 2007, and September 30, 2017. Read More

Neurology 2022 Jun 15;98(23):982-983. Epub 2022 Apr 15.

From the Neurology Department (G.S., S.W.R.), Anatomical Pathology Department (S.B., C.C.), and Neuroimmunology Service (S.R.), Concord Repatriation General Hospital; Concord Clinical School (C.C., S.W.R.), University of Sydney; Department of Molecular Imaging (M.F.), Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney; and Department of Medicine (E.M.), Royal Hobart Hospital, Australia.

J Rheumatol 2022 Apr 15. Epub 2022 Apr 15.

This study was funded in part by a grant from the Vasculitis Foundation awarded to LL. L. Lally, MD, R.F. Spiera, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hospital for Special Surgery, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA; N. Narula, MD, Department of Pathology, NYU Langone, New York, New York, USA; N. Goodfellow, MD, R. Luqmani, DM, FRCP, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; D. Pisapia, MD, Department of Pathology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA. The authors declare no conflicts of interest to declare relevant to this article. Address correspondence to Dr. L. Lally, Department of Rheumatology, Hospital for Special Surgery, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 535 E. 70th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA. Email: Accepted for publication April 6, 2022.

Objective: Aberrant Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) activity is implicated in several vascular and immunologic disorders. We previously demonstrated increased ROCK activity in histopathologically negative temporal artery biopsies (TABs) in subjects with clinical giant cell arteritis (GCA) compared to those without GCA. This current study aimed to examine ROCK activity in a larger cohort of biopsy-negative GCA subjects and to validate the prior findings. Read More

J Neuroophthalmol 2022 Mar 25. Epub 2022 Mar 25.

University of Toronto, Faculty of Medicine (IS), Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences (CL, LD, EM), University of Toronto, Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Department of Medicine (EM), Division of Neurology, University of Toronto, Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Background: Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a systemic inflammatory vasculitis that affects medium- and large-sized arteries and can result in permanent vision loss. In rare instances, Horner syndrome has been noticed at the time of GCA diagnosis, although the mechanism of both diagnoses occurring at the same time is not entirely understood. We reviewed 53 charts of all patients diagnosed with biopsy-proven GCA in tertiary neuro-ophthalmology practice to find patients who presented with new onset of Horner syndrome at the time of GCA diagnosis. Read More

J Infect Chemother 2022 Aug 6;28(8):1177-1179. Epub 2022 Apr 6.

3rd Internal Medicine Department, Red Cross General Hospital of Athens "Korgialenio-Benakio", Athens, Greece.

Q fever is a worldwide spread zoonotic disease, caused by the gram-negative intracellular bacillus Coxiella burnetii. Apart from its most common manifestations, Q fever has been reported to occasionally mimic autoimmune diseases. We herein present a case of acute Q fever in a 69-year-old man, manifesting as prolonged fever with pneumonitis, in whom biopsy of the temporal artery revealed giant cell arteritis. Read More

Cardiovasc Pathol 2022 Jul-Aug;59:107425. Epub 2022 Mar 25.

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a systemic vasculitis of medium and large sized blood vessels. The incidence is greater in women as compared to men (3:1) and most often occurs in the elderly. The most common symptoms are unilateral headaches, visual disturbances and scalp tenderness. Read More

Autoimmun Rev 2022 May 24;21(5):103083. Epub 2022 Mar 24.

Rheumatology Unit, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Laiko Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a large-vessel vasculitis that affects cranial and extra-cranial arteries. Extra-cranial GCA presents mainly with non-specific symptoms and the differential diagnosis is very broad, while the cranial form has more typical clinical picture and physicians have a lower threshold for diagnosis and treatment. Although temporal artery biopsy (TAB) has an established role, ultrasound (US) is being increasingly used as the first-line imaging modality in suspected GCA. Read More

Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022 06 25;322(6):H994-H1002. Epub 2022 Mar 25.

Center for Congenital Heart Diseases, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Sex is increasingly emerging as determinant of right ventricular (RV) adaptation to abnormal loading conditions. It is unknown, however, whether sex-related differences already occur in childhood. Therefore, this study aimed to assess sex differences in a juvenile model of early RV pressure load by pulmonary artery banding (PAB) during transition from pre to postpuberty. Read More

J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2022 Feb 26. Epub 2022 Feb 26.

Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.

Scalp arteries are mainly innervated by trigeminal, facial, and vagal nerves. The ischemic neurodegeneration of the trigeminal ganglion can impede scalp circulation via vasospasm-creating effects. This study was designed to investigate whether there is any link between the vasospasm index of deep temporal arteries and ischemic neuron densities of the trigeminal ganglion after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Read More