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Am J Case Rep 2019 Feb 19;20:219-223. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Department of Otolaryngology, The Tweed Hospital, Tweed Heads, NSW, Australia.

BACKGROUND Fibroepithelial polyps are benign lesions of mesodermal origin, which have been reported in the head and neck area. The aim of this study is to describe the management of an oropharyngeal fibroepithelial polyp causing stridor. CASE REPORT A 39-year-old male presented with 24 hours of stridor and dysphagia. Read More

Head Neck Pathol 2019 Feb 13. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Department of Pathology, National University Health System, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119074, Singapore.

We present a 52 years old male with a left tonsillar follicular dendritic cell sarcoma with prominent epithelioid features that on light microscopical examination bore a striking resemblance to a lymphoepithelial or undifferentiated carcinoma. The tumor was immunohistochemically positive for CD21 and CD35 and negative for cytokeratins. Two distinct histopathological features (both present in our case) that may serve as clues to the correct diagnosis on light microscopical examination were formation of ectatic pseudovascular spaces lined by malignant cells and the presence of non-neoplastic multinucleated giant cells. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2019 Feb 12. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Department of Human Pathology, Division of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, 173-8610, Tokyo, Japan.

Purpose: Treatment guidelines have not been established for unknown primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). For these patients, chemoradiotherapy (CRT) can provide a better prognosis than that for patients with other head and neck cancers. The presence of HPV in the tumor is associated with a better outcome. Read More

Dysphagia 2019 Feb 11. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Radiation Oncology, Nelune Comprehensive Cancer Centre, POWH, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia.

Recent evidence suggests that reducing radiotherapy dose delivered to specific anatomical swallowing structures [Swallowing Organs at Risk (SWOARs)] may improve swallowing outcomes post-treatment for patients with head and neck cancer. However, for those patients with tumours of the oropharynx, which typically directly overlap the SWOARs, reducing dose to these structures may be unachievable without compromising on the treatment of the disease. To assess the feasibility of dose reduction in this cohort, standard IMRT plans (ST-IMRT) and plans with reduced dose to the SWOARs (SW-IMRT) were generated for 25 oropharyngeal cancer patients (Brouwer et al. Read More

Acta Otolaryngol 2018 Nov 8;138(11):1035-1042. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

f Department of Clinical Medicine , University of Bergen, Haukeland University Hospital , Bergen , Norway.

Background: Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) positive for human papillomavirus (HPV) increases wolrd wide.

Aims/objectives: The objective for this study has been to evaluate tumor phenotypes and tumor host responses with respect to five-year disease-specific survival (DSS) in HPV(+) and HPV(-) patients.

Material And Methods: Two hundred patients with OPSCC have been treated between 1992 and 2010. Read More

Oral Oncol 2019 Feb 4;89:121-126. Epub 2019 Jan 4.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, 101 The City Drive, Building 23, Orange, CA 92868, USA. Electronic address:

Purpose: To investigate the prognostic value of pre-treatment immune parameters including white blood cell count (WBC) and circulating lymphocyte count (CLC) among patients with oropharyngeal carcinoma treated by radiation therapy.

Methods And Materials: A total of 136 consecutive patients were treated by radiation therapy for locally advanced (stage III/IV) squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx with known human papillomavirus (HPV) status. Medical records were reviewed to identify patients with documented pre-treatment laboratory bloodwork. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2019 Feb 6;19(1):122. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 32, 60-479, Poznan, Poland.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) contributes to the development of cervical and oropharyngeal tumors. The increased incidence of HPV associated oropharyngeal tumors is lately being observed also in Polish population. The worldwide distribution of HPV varies and the studies rarely combine analysis of virus genotypes in both: genital and oropharyngeal locations. Read More

Brain Nerve 2019 Feb;71(2):167-174

Department of Neurology and Strokology, Nagasaki University Hospital.

A 63-year-old female who developed dizziness, diplopia and subsequent gait disturbance from September X-1 year was analyzed. The first neurological findings in May X year revealed cerebellar ataxia, weakness in the proximal limbs, decreased tendon reflexes, and autonomic symptoms (ADL:mRS 3). Furthermore, an incremental phenomenon was observed in the repetitive nerve stimulation test, and she was diagnosed with Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) based on the serum P/Q-type calcium channel (VGCC) antibody positivity. Read More

Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019 Jan 23. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

Department of Dental Clinic, Discipline of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Stomatology, Federal University of Ceará School of Dentistry, Fortaleza, Brazil; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Memorial Batista Hospital, Fortaleza, Brazil.

The aim of this study was to compare the alterations in three regions of the airway-nasopharynx, oropharynx, and hypopharynx-in relation to the area of the midsagittal plane, volume, and minimal axial area after maxillomandibular advancement (MMA) surgery. Thirty patients who had undergone MMA surgery were evaluated at four time points: preoperative (T0), immediately postoperative (T1), 1year postoperative (T2), and ≥5 years postoperative (T3). All measurements were performed using computed tomography, analyzed in Dolphin Imaging 11. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Jan 20;12(1). Epub 2019 Jan 20.

ENT, Head and Neck Surgery, Sri Ramachandra University Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Clear cell variant is a rare histological type of myoepithelioma seen in parotid and soft palate. This article describes clear cell variant of myoepithelioma in the tongue base, which has not been reported in the literature so far. A 34-year-old man presented with dysphagia and foreign body sensation of throat. Read More

Am J Dermatopathol 2019 Jan 11. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

Departments of Diagnostic Pathology, and.

High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is known to play an oncogenic role in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) at certain anatomical sites, namely the uterine cervix, oropharynx, and anogenital skin. However, the association between HR-HPV and nonanogenital cutaneous SCC (CSCC) remains controversial. In this study, we addressed this controversy by performing HR-HPV E6/E7 mRNA in situ hybridization (ISH) on 243 CSCC samples. Read More

J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018 Dec 28;44(6):293-297. Epub 2018 Dec 28.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohilkhand University, Bareilly, India.

Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic, granulomatous, mucocutaneous infection caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi . The infection is non-contagious and sporadic in humans. The site most commonly affected is the mucous membrane of the nose and nasopharynx, followed by the oropharynx, trachea, bronchi, ear, eye, and genitourinary tract. Read More

Head Neck 2019 Jan 12. Epub 2019 Jan 12.

Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.

Background: The prognosis of advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma is poor. We investigated the effect of cetuximab-based sequential therapy as a primary treatment.

Methods: Forty-seven treatment-naive patients with advanced tumors originating from the oral cavity or oropharynx were enrolled. Read More

Front Immunol 2018 18;9:3009. Epub 2018 Dec 18.

Molecular Immunopathology Laboratory, Department of Medical Pathology, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.

Rheumatic fever (RF) and its subsequent progression to rheumatic heart disease (RHD) are chronic inflammatory disorders prevalent in children and adolescents in underdeveloped countries, and a contributing factor for high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Their primary cause is oropharynx infection by , whose acetylated residues are recognized by ficolin-1. This is the only membrane-bound, as well as soluble activator molecule of the complement lectin pathway (LP). Read More

Laryngoscope 2019 Jan 6. Epub 2019 Jan 6.

College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, U.S.A.

Objectives/hypothesis: Head and neck cancer pain is a prevalent problem, and the current opioid crisis has highlighted concerns raised in chronic pain management. This study assessed the characteristics of opioid use in patients undergoing treatment for oropharynx cancer and identified risk factors associated with chronic opioid use.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Jan;98(1):e14009

Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu.

Rationale: Lymphangiomatous polyps of the palatine tonsils are benign tumors that are rare in both adults and children. Most patients suffering from this disease present with nonspecific symptoms similar to those of chronic tonsillitis.

Patient Concern: We report a case of a 21-year-old male miner who presented with a chronic history of a foreign body sensation in the oropharynx and an intermittently sore throat. Read More

J Med Microbiol 2019 Feb 3;68(2):197-200. Epub 2019 Jan 3.

1​Bacteriology Laboratory, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics, Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Geneva University Hospitals, 4 rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.

The Roche Cobas 6800 CT/NG assay was compared to the Abbott m2000 Real Time CT/NG assay for detecting Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in 714 specimens referred to the bacteriology laboratory at Geneva University Hospitals, between November 2017 and March 2018, and in nine external quality controls for molecular diagnostics (seven from QCMD Glasgow and two from UK NEQAS). For C. trachomatis, the sensitivity of C6800 compared to m2000 was 100 % (95 % confidence interval [CI], 97. Read More

Ann Oncol 2018 Dec 31. Epub 2018 Dec 31.

Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.

Background: The survival advantage of induction chemotherapy (IC) followed by locoregional treatment is controversial in locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LAHNSCC). We previously showed feasibility and safety of cetuximab-based IC (paclitaxel/carboplatin/cetuximab-PCC, and docetaxel/cisplatin/5-fluorouracil/cetuximab-C-TPF) followed by local therapy in LAHNSCC. The primary endpoint of this phase II clinical trial with randomization to PCC and C-TPF followed by combined local therapy in patients with LAHNSCC stratified by human papillomavirus (HPV) status and T-stage was two-year progression free survival (PFS) compared to historical control. Read More

Head Neck 2018 Dec 28. Epub 2018 Dec 28.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.

Background: Between the publication of the Union of International Cancer Control staging system (UICC) 7th and 8th editions, other staging algorithms for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) were proposed from Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG), MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC), and Yale University.

Methods: With C-statistics, the above-mentioned five staging algorithms were compared for overall and relapse-free survival endpoints in a multi-institutional cohort of OPSCC cases (n = 338) treated with primary surgery.

Results: Pathological UICC 8th ed yielded the highest C-indexes in the entire cohort and in the HPV- subset, whereas MDACC was superior for HPV+ OPSCC. Read More

Ann Afr Med 2018 Oct-Dec;17(4):210-214

Private Practitioner, Lajpat Nagar, New Delhi, India.

Background: Bidi smoking is a serious health hazard which is common throughout South Asia and parts of the Middle East. It has been strongly implicated to various benign and malignant lesions of oral cavity and oropharynx. These tobacco-filled leaves deliver more than three times the amount of nicotine, carbon monoxide, and tar as cigarettes which exert injurious effects on cells reflected in terms of accelerated proliferative activity in normal oral mucosal cells. Read More

J Immunother Cancer 2018 Dec 27;6(1):156. Epub 2018 Dec 27.

Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, rue du Bugnon 46, CH-1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Background: The prevalence of esophageal stenosis caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors in the context of induced immune mucositis and esophagitis is extremely rare.

Case Presentation: We report the case of a patient with stage IV pulmonary adenocarcinoma treated for 6 months with nivolumab who developed bilateral sterile conjunctivitis followed by oropharyngeal mucositis and esophagitis complicated by a severe esophageal stenosis. The laryngeal margin and hypopharyngeal mucosa appeared highly inflammatory with fibrinous deposits. Read More

Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2018 Dec 21:1-8. Epub 2018 Dec 21.

b Department of Anatomic Pathology , Moffitt Cancer Center , Tampa , FL , USA.

Introduction: The majority of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oropharynx, one of the sites within the head and neck region, is now associated with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) in North America. Several modalities are available to determine the HPV status, however, the understanding of each assay in its application and limitations is essential for accurate interpretation and appropriate utilization of results in management of these patients. Areas covered: This expert review will cover the role of HPV in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), indications for HPV testing, HPV detection methods in tumors, saliva and serum, and exploiting HPV status as a prognostic biomarker of clinical outcome in HNSCC. Read More

SAGE Open Med Case Rep 2018 10;6:2050313X18818712. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ, USA.

Warthin tumor is the second most common benign salivary gland tumor that classically arises in the parotid gland. It can be synchronous, metachronous, multifocal, bilateral, or unilateral, which complicates diagnosis and management. Rare cases of Warthin tumor of the minor salivary gland are described, but no cases of unilateral, synchronous Warthin tumor involving the parotid and minor salivary gland have been reported. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Dec 3;11(1). Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Batra Hospital & Medical Research Centre, New Delhi, Delhi, India.

Extrapulmonary small cell carcinomas (EPSCC) are a rare subtype of neuroendocrine tumours which have been documented to arise from a multitude of sites and treatment outcomes are disappointing. The most common site involved in the head and neck region is the larynx and the oropharynx as a primary site has been infrequently reported. The patient presented with bilateral neck swelling and an ulcerated lesion was noted in the base of tongue (BOT). Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2019 Jan 3;116:177-180. Epub 2018 Nov 3.

University of Auckland, Department of Surgery, PO Box 99743, Newmarket, Auckland, 1149, New Zealand.

Introduction: Children who undergo adenotonsillectomy have a range of symptoms. Some present with infective symptoms, others with obstructive symptoms, and many with a combination of both. The most common surgical indication has changed over the past several decades from infective symptoms to obstructive symptoms. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 12 14;12:CD012939. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

ENT Department, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK, CB2 0QQ.

Background: More than 400,000 cases of oropharyngeal squamous cell cancer (OPSCC) are diagnosed every year worldwide and this is rising. Much of the increase has been attributed to human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV-positive OPSCC patients are often younger and have significantly improved survival relative to HPV-negative patients. Read More

Head Neck 2019 Feb 13;41(2):315-321. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.

Background: This study sought to determine the oncologic impact of delays to surgery, radiotherapy, and completion of therapy in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Methods: The impact of biopsy to surgery (BTS) time, surgery to start of radiation time (STSR), and radiation treatment time (RTT) on locoregional recurrence (LRR), distant metastases (DMs), and cancer-specific mortality (CSM) was examined. The cumulative incidences (CI) of LRR, DMs, and CSM were examined using Fine-Gray testing. Read More

J Virol 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ) Unit F100, Heidelberg, Germany

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infects the oropharynx but surprisingly frequently induces B-cell proliferations in the gut of immunosuppressed individuals. We found that EBV infection induces the expression of the LPAM-1 integrin on tonsillar B cells and increases it on peripheral blood cells. Similarly, LPAM-1 was induced in the tonsils of patients undergoing primary infectious mononucleosis. Read More

Cancer Treat Res 2019 ;177:131-181

Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, 1542 Tulane Avenue, Box T4M-1, New Orleans, LA, USA.

Since their discovery as the etiologic agents of cervical cancer in the mid-1970s, human papillomaviruses (HPVs) have been linked with a growing number of epithelial-derived tumors, including head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. HPV demonstrates a particular predilection for causing tumors of the oropharynx, with the majority of cases involving infection with high-oncogenic risk HPV-16. People living with HIV are at increased risk of infection with HPV- and HPV-related oral complications even with adequate control of their HIV infection with antiretroviral therapy. Read More

Ear Nose Throat J 2018 Dec;97(12):E15-E17

Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 5777 E. Mayo Blvd., Phoenix, AZ 85084, USA.

Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a unifying term for a spectrum of lymphoid expansion entities brought about by immunosuppression. It can present throughout the head and neck, and tonsillar involvement is not limited to children. We report the case of a 67-year-old woman who developed odynophagia associated with putrid halitosis 4 months after she had undergone renal transplantation. Read More

Oral Oncol 2018 Dec 16;87:17-20. Epub 2018 Oct 16.

Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address:

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is well established as a causative factor in most squamous cell carcinomas of the oropharynx (OPSCC). Indeed, a growing awareness over the past two decades that HPV-OPSCC is a distinct form of head and neck cancer has had a profound impact on diagnostic and clinical practices. The sinonasal tract is a second anatomic "hot spot" for HPV-related head and neck carcinomas, but certain pathologic features and the clinical behavior of HPV-related carcinomas at this site remain unclear. Read More

Arch Pathol Lab Med 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

From the Departments of Otolaryngology, and Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (Dr Lewis); the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (Dr Adelstein); the Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany (Dr Agaimy); the Department of Pathology, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston (Dr Carlson); the Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (Dr Faquin); the Department of Cellular Pathology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (Dr Helliwell); the Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, University of the Western Cape & Tygerberg Laboratories, Cape Town, South Africa (Dr Hille); the Department of Pathology, Vancouver General Hospital, and the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Dr Ng); the Department of Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong (Dr Nicholls); the Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Dr O'Sullivan); and the Department of Pathology, Woodland Hills Medical Center, Woodland Hills, California (Dr Thompson).

The International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting was established to internationally unify and standardize the pathologic reporting of cancers based on collected evidence, as well as to allow systematic data collection across institutions and countries to guide cancer care in the future. An expert panel was convened to identify the minimum data set of elements that should be included in cancer reporting from tumors of the nasopharynx and oropharynx. Specifically, there has been a significant change in practice as a result of identifying oncogenic viruses, including human papillomavirus and Epstein-Barr virus, because they preferentially affect the oropharynx and nasopharynx, respectively. Read More

Arch Pathol Lab Med 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

From the Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University and Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada (Dr Bullock); the Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (Dr Beitler); the Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Weston, Florida (Dr Carlson); the Instituto de Anatomia Patológica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal (Dr Fonseca); the Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (Dr Hunt); the Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (Dr Katabi); the Department of Cellular Pathology, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom (Dr Sloan); the Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada (Dr Taylor); the Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (Dr Williams); and the Department of Pathology, Southern California Permanente Medical Group, Woodland Hills Medical Center, Woodland Hills, California (Dr Thompson).

Standardized, synoptic pathologic reporting for tumors greatly improves communication among clinicians, patients, and researchers, supporting prognostication and comparison about patient outcomes across institutions and countries. The International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting is a nonprofit organization whose mission is to develop evidence-based, universally available surgical pathology reporting data sets. Within the head and neck region, lymph node excisions and neck dissections are frequently performed as part of the management of head and neck cancers arising from the mucosal sites (sinonasal tract, nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx, oral cavity, and larynx), along with bone tumors, skin cancers, melanomas, and other tumor categories. Read More

Clin Oral Investig 2018 Nov 29. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Building O 10, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.

Objectives: Nucleotide excision repair protein expression has been claimed to be responsible for platinum-based chemotherapy resistance. ERCC1, XPF and XPA, core proteins in DNA repair, were evaluated regarding their prognostic value in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by looking at overall survival and time to recurrence.

Materials And Methods: Tissue microarrays were constructed from 453 cases of HNSCC, including 222 oral (49%), 126 oropharyngeal (27. Read More

Oral Radiol 2018 Nov 15. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare epithelial tumor of the head and neck region, and one of the most common malignant tumors of the salivary glands. ACC is a slow-growing tumor characterized by perineural invasion and often has a high-recurrence rate. We describe a case of oropharyngeal ACC invading the mandibular bone through the mandibular foramen that showed a rare pattern of origin and invasion. Read More

Cancer Cytopathol 2019 Feb 26;127(1):26-34. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Background: The majority of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal carcinomas are squamous cell carcinomas; however, there are rare reports of HPV-associated neuroendocrine carcinomas (HPV-NECs) in the upper aerodigestive tract. The aim of this study was to characterize the diagnostic features of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cases of head and neck HPV-NEC.

Methods: Cytology cases of HPV-NEC were identified over a 3-year period from 2 institutions. Read More

Vet Microbiol 2018 Dec 2;227:127-132. Epub 2018 Nov 2.

Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa.

Reported mass mortalities in wild pigeons and doves during the 2017/2018 Clade 2.3.4. Read More

Cancer Cytopathol 2019 Feb 23;127(1):35-43. Epub 2018 Nov 23.

Department of Pathology and Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV)-related squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) of the oropharynx is an epidemiologically and clinically distinct form of SqCC that is associated with an improved prognosis. However, HPV-related small cell carcinoma of the oropharynx is a rare and newly described variant that is associated with aggressive clinical behavior and poor outcomes. To date, fewer than 2 dozen reports of this entity exist in the literature, and there is no discussion of cytopathologic features. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Nov;97(47):e13205

We investigated the effects of tonsillectomy by low-temperature plasma on the growth development and psychological behavior in children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).This study included 72 moderate and severe OSAHS children with tonsils or adenoids hypertrophy, which were randomly assigned into either the study group (n = 36) or the control group (n = 36). Patients in study group underwent tonsillectomy by low-temperature plasma, while in the control group underwent tonsil-pecking, then the efficacy were compared. Read More

Infect Agent Cancer 2018 9;13:32. Epub 2018 Nov 9.

3Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.

Background: Oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC and OPSCC) represent the majority of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Human papillomavirus (HPV) is an important etiologic factor together with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Little is known on the prevalence of major herpesviruses [EBV, cytomegalovirus (CMV) and HHV-6, - 7 and - 8] in HNSCCs. Read More

Open Microbiol J 2018 18;12:343-352. Epub 2018 Oct 18.

Department of Pathology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555-0609, USA.

Background: Chronic asymptomatic chlamydial genital infection caused by the wild-type of (wtCT) is the most common bacterial infection causing human infertility. The novel 'Swedish' variant of (nvCT) which contains a 377 bp deletion in a region that is specifically targeted in some nucleic acid amplification tests may impede diagnosis.

Objective: The study aimed to investigate whether nvCT may be a possible cause of infertility in a couple undergoing fertilization (IVF). Read More

Urologia 2018 Nov 23;85(4):182-185. Epub 2018 Mar 23.

1 Pathology Unit, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.

Case Presentation:: A 55-year-old man with a history of basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx with laterocervical lymph node metastases 6 years before (and treated with chemoradiation) presented with flank pain and hematuria. Computed tomography scan found a renal lesion, with radiological features more suspicious for primitive renal neoplasia. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examination after surgical excision revealed a basaloid squamous cell carcinoma involving renal parenchyma. Read More

Am J Surg Pathol 2019 Feb;43(2):201-210

Department of Pathology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital and CIBERONC, Madrid.

We describe a series of 9 patients with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive mucocutaneous lymphoproliferative lesions that broadens the concept of EBV-positive mucocutaneous ulcer. We report 5 female and 4 male patients, with an average age of 74 years (range, 55 to 87 y), 2 of whom were HIV-positive. The lesions were located in the oropharynx, skin, and rectal and/or genital mucosa. Read More

Cell Physiol Biochem 2018 9;50(6):2203-2215. Epub 2018 Nov 9.

Department of Nephrology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan,

Background/aims: Tonsillectomy may be an important method to achieve a long-term remission of IgAN, but patients' physical status may limit their access to this surgery. We proposed an encouraging solution through inhibiting GADD34 expression in order to promote tonsillar mononuclear cells (TMCs) apoptosis and reduce nephropathic IgA secretion.

Methods: A total of 12 IgAN and 9 non-IgAN patients were involved from March 2015 to May 2016. Read More

Ann Diagn Pathol 2019 Feb 22;38:29-42. Epub 2018 Oct 22.

Department of Anatomic Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.

Virus-associated carcinomas of the head and neck represent an unusual confluence of infections spread by viral transmission and cellular dysregulation resulting in carcinogenesis. While much remains to be elucidated about the exact progression from infection to cancer, a basic framework of viral biology can complement the pathologist's understanding of morphology. This context informs the pathologist's everyday practice, including selecting ancillary studies, communicating prognostically relevant findings, and participating in treatment planning. Read More

Br Dent J 2018 Nov;225(9):841-847

School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TA, UK.

The term 'oral cancer' describes a range of malignancies that may arise in and around the oral cavity. Over 90% of such lesions are squamous cell carcinomas, but even these may be divided into different entities based on site, aetiology and prognosis. In particular, squamous carcinomas in the oral cavity (oral cancer) should be regarded as a different disease to carcinomas arising in the oropharynx. Read More

Oral Oncol 2018 Nov 11;86:33-37. Epub 2018 Sep 11.

Centre for Oral Health Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. Electronic address:

Objectives: Typically, HPV-related cancers are sexually transmitted, however, the natural history of HPV-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is unclear. HPV16 transmission has been reported previously between five couples with OPSCC. We report the clinico-pathological features of a further four couples with HPV-related OPSCC and compare them with the published cases. Read More

Papillomavirus Res 2018 12 1;6:58-62. Epub 2018 Nov 1.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Universitas Academic Hospital, Bloemfontein, South Africa. Electronic address:

Background: Most tumours of the head and neck are attributable to smoking and alcohol use, but an increasing proportion of head and neck tumours are caused by human papillomaviruses (HPVs). The aim of this study was to use in house molecular assays to detect and genotype HPV in biopsies from patients with histologically confirmed head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. In addition, the results were compared with p16 immunohistochemistry staining, which has been described as a potential marker for HPV infection. Read More

Indian J Nucl Med 2018 Oct-Dec;33(4):326-330

Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, HCG Cancer Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.

Metastasis to the thyroid gland is rare; furthermore, intrathyroid metastasis from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is very unusual, with only nine previously documented cases four from intrathyroid metastasis from nasopharyngeal carcinoma, two from oral cavity, one each from oropharynx, larynx, and parotid. The reported case series are unique in nature and illustrates the role of fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) and ultrasound-guided biopsy in diagnosing clinically occult isolated intrathyroidal metastasis, which helps in the best management for an isolated intrathyroid metastases. This study details the cases of three patients who were diagnosed with intrathyroidal metastasis from SCC of the tongue by PET-CT, followed by USG-guided biopsy, who were treated with either surgery and or chemotherapy. Read More

PLoS Pathog 2018 10 31;14(10):e1007354. Epub 2018 Oct 31.

Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston TX, United States of America.

The control of virulence regulator/sensor kinase (CovRS) two-component system is critical to the infectivity of group A streptococcus (GAS), and CovRS inactivating mutations are frequently observed in GAS strains causing severe human infections. CovS modulates the phosphorylation status and with it the regulatory effect of its cognate regulator CovR via its kinase and phosphatase activity. However, the contribution of each aspect of CovS function to GAS pathogenesis is unknown. Read More