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J Adv Res 2022 Jul 16;39:157-166. Epub 2021 Nov 16.

Basque Center for Applied Mathematics (BCAM), Bilbao, Spain; Dipartimento di Matematica, Università degli Studi di Trento, Italy.

Introduction: Different COVID-19 vaccine efficacies are reported, with remarkable effectiveness against severe disease. The so called sterilizing immunity, occurring when vaccinated individuals cannot transmit the virus, is still being evaluated. It is also unclear to what extent people with no symptoms or mild infection transmit the disease, and estimating their contribution to outbreaks is challenging. Read More

Aten Primaria 2022 Apr 29;54(9):102372. Epub 2022 Apr 29.

Medicina de Familia y Comunitaria, Centro de Salud Zona IV de Albacete, Albacete, España. Electronic address:

Aim: To know the factors associated with an unfavorable evolution (UE) of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 with total or partial follow-up in primary care.

Design: A case series.

Setting: Urban health center. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2022 Jul 1;101(26):e29783. Epub 2022 Jul 1.

AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States.

Background: Robust evidence from real-world studies is needed to aid decision-makers and other stakeholders in choosing the best treatment options for patients. The objective of this work was to assess real-world outcomes of treatment strategies for limited- and extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC) prior to the global introduction of immunotherapies for this disease.

Methods: Searches were conducted in MEDLINE and Embase to identify articles published in English from October 1, 2015, through May 20, 2020. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2022 Jul 1;101(26):e29776. Epub 2022 Jul 1.

Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan.

Recent experimental studies sparked the involvement of autophagy-related 7 (ATG7) in the development of atherosclerosis. However, the genetic variants and their association with coronary artery disease (CAD) are still to be unveiled. Therefore, we aimed to design a retrospective case-control study for the analysis of ATG7 gene polymorphisms and their association with CAD among the subjects originating from Pakistan. Read More

Blood 2022 Jun 30. Epub 2022 Jun 30.

UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States.

Patients with hematologic malignancies and recipients of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) are more likely to experience severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and have a higher risk of morbidity and mortality after infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Compared to the general population, these patients have suboptimal humoral responses to COVID-19 vaccines and subsequently increased risk for breakthrough infections, underscoring the need for additional therapies, including pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis, to attenuate clinical progression to severe COVID-19. Therapies for COVID-19 are mostly available for adults and in the inpatient and outpatient settings. Read More

J Fam Pract 2022 Jun;71(5 Suppl):S2-S9

Paratek Pharmaceuticals, Inc., King of Prussia, PA.

Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) are major public health problems that are commonly encountered in the primary care setting. Establishing the severity of disease is an important step in the diagnosis of SSTI and CAP, because this can affect decisions about optimal management, including level of care. Due to antibiotic resistance, allergies, and adverse effect profiles of current therapies, there is a need for new treatment options for both SSTI and CAP. Read More

PLoS Comput Biol 2022 Jul 1;18(7):e1010107. Epub 2022 Jul 1.

Department of Applied Mathematics, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America.

Prion proteins cause a variety of fatal neurodegenerative diseases in mammals but are generally harmless to Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). This makes yeast an ideal model organism for investigating the protein dynamics associated with these diseases. The rate of disease onset is related to both the replication and transmission kinetics of propagons, the transmissible agents of prion diseases. Read More

Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022 Jul 1. Epub 2022 Jul 1.

Columbia University, 5798, Anesthesiology, New York, New York, United States;

Asthma is a common respiratory disease characterized, in part, by excessive airway smooth muscle (ASM) contraction (airway hyperresponsiveness, AHR). Various γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor (GABAR) activators, including benzodiazepines, relax ASM. The GABAR is a ligand-operated Cl channel best known for its role in inhibitory neurotransmission in the central nervous system. Read More

High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2022 Jul 1. Epub 2022 Jul 1.

Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.

Introduction: This population-based cross-sectional study aimed to identify the best predictor of the 10-year cardiovascular (CV) high risk among old and new anthropometric indices.

Methods: We investigated 76,915 adults older than 18 years of age living in southwest China. Ten obesity indices were calculated. Read More

J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 2022 Jul 1. Epub 2022 Jul 1.

Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan.

Background: Pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) involves multiple histopathological stages from benign to malignant lesions. Further, a biomarker to diagnose the malignant IPMN (IPMC) is clinically relevant. Recently, we found that serum fucosylated α -acid glycoprotein (fAGP) level markedly elevated along with disease progression in large cohorts of patients with various cancers. Read More

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022 Jun;26(12):4486-4496

Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China.

Most effector T cells will undergo programmed apoptosis after an immune response and some of them may become memory T cells. According to the distribution and functional status, the memory T cells can be divided into effector central memory T cells (TCM), effector memory T cells (TEM) and tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) cells. TRM cells, including CD4+ TRM and CD8+ TRM cells, colonize various barrier surfaces and are no longer involved in lymphocyte recycling, closely monitored for local perturbations in homeostasis throughout the body as a critical component of the first defense line. Read More

Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022 Jul;31(7):1512-1513

Purpose: Poor diet quality is an important determinant of obesity and chronic disease risk. A better understanding of social, economic and geographic factors associated with diet quality can inform public health and policy efforts for advancing health equity.

Methods: This cross-sectional analysis of 155,331 adult men and women in the American Cancer Society (ACS) Cancer Prevention Study-3 examined race/ethnicity, socioeconomic (individual-level education and income), and geographic (metropolitan to rural dwelling, residence in food desert) predictors of poor diet quality, mutually adjusted using multivariable logistic regression models. Read More

Int J Neurosci 2022 Jun 30:1-11. Epub 2022 Jun 30.

Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.

Biotin-thiamine-responsive basal ganglia disease (BTBGD) is a rare, treatable autosomal recessive neurometabolic disorder. This condition eventually leads to severe disability and death if not treated correctly. The clinical features of BTBGD, especially those with unusual complications, are not widely known by neurologists or pediatricians. Read More

Clin Transl Sci 2022 Jun 30. Epub 2022 Jun 30.

Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Correlations between increasing concentrations of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in plasma and disease progression have been shown. A nonlinear mixed effects model to describe the dynamics of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ctDNA data from patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) combined with a parametric survival model were developed to evaluate the ability of these modeling techniques to describe ctDNA data. Repeated ctDNA measurements on L858R, exon19del, and T790M mutants were available from 54 patients with EGFR mutated NSCLC treated with erlotinib or gefitinib. Read More

Front Neurol 2022 14;13:839784. Epub 2022 Jun 14.

Department of Radiology, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing, China.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the main cause of death and severe disability in young adults worldwide. Progressive hemorrhage (PH) worsens the disease and can cause a poor neurological prognosis. Radiomics analysis has been used for hematoma expansion of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. Read More

Front Plant Sci 2022 14;13:912332. Epub 2022 Jun 14.

School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Tidewater AREC, Virginia Tech, Suffolk, VA, United States.

Late leaf spot (LLS), caused by (Berk. & M.A Curt. Read More

Eur J Case Rep Intern Med 2022 24;9(5):003331. Epub 2022 May 24.

Medical Oncology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal.

Prostate cancer is the second most frequent malignancy in men worldwide. Despite the improvement in survival achieved by increasingly early diagnosis and advances in treatment, it is still associated with high mortality. Because of its molecular heterogeneity, there is a need to identify genetic alterations in order to apply targeted therapies. Read More

Cureus 2022 May 26;14(5):e25361. Epub 2022 May 26.

Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, USA.

Biliary duct hamartomas are benign intrahepatic bile duct lesions. Despite being primarily incidental findings on imaging, these lesions can provide a diagnostic conundrum due to their shared characteristics with malignant tumors. The goal of this systematic review is to offer a thorough clinical profile of biliary duct hamartomas. Read More

Cureus 2022 May 24;14(5):e25302. Epub 2022 May 24.

Pediatrics and Child Health, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, PAK.

Non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) is clinically identified as a condition where a percentage of the population reports intestinal and/or extraintestinal symptoms caused by gluten and/or wheat ingestion, and they are tested negative for celiac disease (CD) on the basis of specific serology and histopathology. NCGS should be labelled after the exclusion of CD and wheat allergy. This population reports improved symptoms on a gluten-free diet. Read More

Clin Med Insights Oncol 2022 24;16:11795549221104440. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.

Background: Abnormal glycosylation of proteins has been identified in almost all types of cancers and is closely related to the cancer progression, metastasis, and survival of cancer patients. This study was to explore the values of serum tumor abnormal protein (TAP), an abnormal glycochain protein, in the diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer (GC).

Methods: A total of 335 GC patients were included as the study group, and another 335 subjects served as the control group. Read More

Front Neurosci 2022 14;16:908650. Epub 2022 Jun 14.

Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, United States.

Background: Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disease with a poorly understood etiology, shown to be partly genetic. Glucose hypometabolism, extracellular Amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition, and intracellular Tau deposition are cardinal features of AD and display characteristic spatial patterns in the brain. We hypothesize that regional differences in underlying gene expression confer either resistance or susceptibility to AD pathogenic processes and are associated with these spatial patterns. Read More

Pediatr Investig 2022 Jun 31;6(2):85-92. Epub 2022 Mar 31.

Division of Urology Children's Hospital Los Angeles Los Angeles California USA.

Importance: The diversity of pediatric genitourinary malignancies requires a timely resource detailing tumor characteristics and survival.

Objective: To determine the incidence, demographics, and outcomes of all pediatric genitourinary tumors within the United States.

Methods: A population-based search for patients diagnosed with genitourinary cancers under age 15 was performed using the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 18 registry. Read More

J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022 Aug 23;74:103541. Epub 2022 Jun 23.

Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, 2007, Australia.

Chronic lung diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, and the recently emerged COVID-19, are a huge threat to human health, and among the leading causes of global morbidity and mortality every year. Despite availability of various conventional therapeutics, many patients remain poorly controlled and have a poor quality of life. Furthermore, the treatment and diagnosis of these diseases are becoming increasingly challenging. Read More

BMC Gastroenterol 2022 Jun 30;22(1):323. Epub 2022 Jun 30.

Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the commonest liver condition in the western world and is directly linked to obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Elevated body mass index is regarded as a major risk factor of NAFL (steatosis) and NAFLD fibrosis. Using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), we sought to investigate whether other variables from adolescence could improve prediction of future NAFL and NAFLD fibrosis risk at 24 years, above BMI and sex. Read More

Mol Divers 2022 Jun 30. Epub 2022 Jun 30.

Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.

Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) is capable of degrading Collage TypeIV in the vascular basement membrane and extracellular matrix. Studies have shown that MMP-2 is tightly associated with the biological behavior of malignant tumors. Therefore, the identification of inhibitors targeting MMP-2 could be effective in treating the disease by maintaining extracellular matrix homeostasis. Read More

J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022 Jul 1. Epub 2022 Jul 1.

Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Physiologie et Physiopathologie Endocriniennes, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bicêtre, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.

Context: In patients with acromegaly on long-term treatment with long-acting somatostatin receptor ligands (SRLs), the time of blood collection for IGF-I measurement after injection is not well defined.

Aim: To assess serum IGF-I dynamics and variability in SRL-treated patients compared with surgically cured patients and healthy controls.

Patients And Methods: Thirty patients under SRLs considered controlled based on a normal previous IGF-I level, ten patients cured by pituitary surgery, and seven healthy subjects underwent four IGF-I weekly determinations. Read More

Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2022 Jun 21;223:106970. Epub 2022 Jun 21.

Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, South Korea. Electronic address:

Background And Objective: Incomplete Kawasaki disease (KD) has often been misdiagnosed due to a lack of the clinical manifestations of classic KD. However, it is associated with a markedly higher prevalence of coronary artery lesions. Identifying coronary artery lesions by echocardiography is important for the timely diagnosis of and favorable outcomes in KD. Read More

Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2022 Jun 30. Epub 2022 Jun 30.

University of California Irvine, 8788, Irvine, United States, 92697;

Globally, nearly 500 million adults currently have diabetes, which is expected to increase to approximately 700 million by 2040. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including coronary heart disease, stroke, heart failure, and peripheral arterial disease, are the principal causes of death in persons with diabetes. Key to the prevention of CVD is optimization of associated risk factors. Read More

Psychiatr Danub 2022 ;34(2):273-278

Department of Psychiatry, Süleyman Demirel University Medicine Faculty, Isparta, Turkey,

Background: The aim of this research was to assess serum zonulin and claudin-5 concentrations to show whether or not their eventual changes in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) could have etiopathogenetic importance. There was no research in the literature assessing serum zonulin and claudin-5 levels in OCD to the best of our understanding.

Subjects And Methods: In this study, we assumed that there may be a deterioration in serum zonulin and claudin-5 levels in OCD patients and this may affect the severity of the disease. Read More

J Med Microbiol 2022 Jun;71(6)

Equipe de Prévention du Risque Infectieux, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France.

Antifungal stewardship programmes are needed in healthcare facilities to limit the overuse or misuse of antifungals, which are responsible for an increase in antifungal resistance. Core recommendations for antifungal stewardship were published by the Mycoses Study Group Education and Research Consortium, while the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provided a Core Elements of Hospital Antibiotic Stewardship Programs checklist. The recommendations offer global core elements for best practices in antifungal stewardship, but do not provide a framework for the implementation of antifungal stewardship programmes in healthcare facilities. Read More