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Radiologe 2021 Jun 7. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Radiologisches Institut, Olgahospital Klinikum Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Deutschland.

Clinical/methodological Issue: Bone and soft tissue tumours are often incidental findings in children. Because they are usually benign tumours, nonspecialised radiologists generally have little experience in the diagnosis and differentiation from malignant tumours. Various imaging techniques are used in the diagnosis of skeletal tumours. Read More

Biomark Res 2021 Jun 5;9(1):44. Epub 2021 Jun 5.

Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.

Background: The E-Cadherin gene (CDH1, Cadherin 1), located at 16q22.1 encodes for a calcium-dependent membranous glycoprotein with an important role in cellular adhesion and polarity maintenance.

Methods: To systematically determine E-Cadherin protein expression in normal and cancerous tissues, 14,637 tumor samples from 112 different tumor types and subtypes as well as 608 samples of 76 different normal tissue types were analyzed by immunohistochemistry in a tissue microarray format. Read More

J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2021 Mar 19;25(Suppl 1):S58-S60. Epub 2021 Mar 19.

Department of ENT, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common type of benign tumors of minor salivary glands. A carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA) is a malignant epithelial neoplasm originating from either a primary or recurrent benign PA. The nasopharynx is an extremely uncommon location for this tumor. Read More

Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2021 Apr 3;25(2):216-231. Epub 2021 Jun 3.

Department of Radiology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.

Hand and wrist soft tissue masses may be classified as pseudotumors, benign neoplasms, or malignant neoplasms. The vast majority of hand lesions are benign. Consideration of the location of the lesion and its imaging characteristics often leads to a specific diagnosis. Read More

Cancer Cytopathol 2021 Jun 2. Epub 2021 Jun 2.

University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Background: The Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology (MSRSGC) provides a useful framework for the diagnosis of salivary gland fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsies. In this study, the MSRSGC was applied to salivary gland FNAs in pediatric patients to assess its usefulness and look at pitfalls.

Methods: The laboratory information system was queried over a 15-year period for all salivary gland FNAs in patients 18 years old or younger. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2021 May 11;22(10). Epub 2021 May 11.

Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland.

Adnexal tumors of the skin are a rare group of benign and malignant neoplasms that exhibit morphological differentiation toward one or more of the adnexal epithelium types present in normal skin. Tumors deriving from apocrine or eccrine glands are highly heterogeneous and represent various histological entities. Macroscopic and dermatoscopic features of these tumors are unspecific; therefore, a specialized pathological examination is required to correctly diagnose patients. Read More

World J Clin Cases 2021 May;9(15):3704-3710

Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China.

Background: Giant cell tumor of soft tissue (GCT-ST) is an extremely rare low-grade soft tissue tumor that is originates in superficial tissue and rarely spreads deeper. GCT-ST has unpredictable behavior. It is mainly benign, but may sometimes become aggressive and potentially increase in size within a short period of time. Read More

Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2021 Feb 21;25(1):39-56. Epub 2021 May 21.

IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.

Lumps and bumps are frequently seen in children, and the vast majority are a result of trauma, infection, or inflammation. True soft tissue neoplastic lesions are rare; however, their wide and complex classifications make these lesions challenging to manage. Imaging features are usually nonspecific, and a reasonable list of differential diagnoses can be generated following consideration of the clinical presentation, age, and anatomical location of the lesion. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2021 May 19;22:e929742. Epub 2021 May 19.

1st Propedeutic Surgery Department, AHEPA University General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.

BACKGROUND Solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) account for <2% of all soft tissue tumors and are slow-growing neoplasms of mesenchymal origin, which have been reported in various locations. They are frequently observed at the pleura and a perianal location is extremely rare. They show no predisposition by sex, are mainly benign, and usually occur between the 5th and 7th decades of life. Read More

J Med Invest 2021 ;68(1.2):96-104

1Department of Radiology, Tokushima University Hospital. 2-50-1, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima City, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan.

We aimed to assess the differential diagnostic efficacy of dynamic F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography / computed tomography (PET / CT) and to evaluate the appropriate scan timings for diagnosis of musculoskeletal lesions (MSLs). Dynamic scans (5-15 [phase 1], 15-25 [phase 2], and 25-35 [phase 3] min after F-18 FDG injection) and dual-time-point scans (1 and 2 h after injection) were acquired for 23 MSLs [4 benign MSLs (BMSLs). 10 primary malignant musculoskeletal tumors (PMMSTs), and 9 metastatic musculoskeletal tumors (MMSTs)]. Read More

Musculoskelet Surg 2021 May 12. Epub 2021 May 12.

Department of Anesthesia, Gujarat Cancer Research Institute (GCRI), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.

Background: Although radiographs have been widely used in the evaluation of patients with suspected bone tumors, the lack of an objective radiological assessment method leads to a challenge in reaching correct diagnosis. The study aimed to propose a Radiological Evaluation Score for Bone Tumors (REST) which includes eight radiological factors [characteristics, content, cortical breach, distinctiveness, distribution, periosteal reaction, fracture, and soft tissue swelling] to form a single score along with its validation by multidisciplinary observers.

Methods: We reviewed the radiographs of 100 patients with a primary bone tumor which were selected at random from the database between January 2017 and January 2019 of a tertiary cancer center. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2021 Apr 30;22(9). Epub 2021 Apr 30.

Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland.

Neoplasms derived from follicular tissue are extremely rare. Clinically, they are reported as non-symptomatic, slow-growing nodules. These lesions are mainly benign, but the malignant type can occur. Read More

Orv Hetil 2021 05 2;162(18):690-695. Epub 2021 May 2.

3 Eastern Virginia Medical School, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Norfolk, VA, United States of America.

Összefoglaló. Az ultrahang-elasztográfia az elmúlt évek során egyre növekvő figyelmet kapott a lágyszövetek elaszticitásának vizsgálatában. A módszer használatát az teszi szükségessé, hogy egyes, a mechanikai tulajdonságaikban különböző szövetek hasonló echogenitásúak lehetnek, valamint hogy egy adott szövet megváltozott struktúrája vagy mechanikai tulajdonsága nem minden esetben jár együtt a szövet hagyományos ultrahangképének megváltozásával. Read More

Z Rheumatol 2021 Apr 30. Epub 2021 Apr 30.

Klinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, AGAPLESION MARKUS KRANKENHAUS, Wilhelm-Epstein-Str. 4, 60431, Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland.

In soft tissue tumors of the extremities it is of utmost importance to differentiate between benign and malignant entities. The majority of the swellings vary from benign tissue changes through soft tissue sarcomas up to pseudotumors. Because of the low incidence of malignancy and the predominantly benign alterations together with a high heterogeneity, there is a need for a reproducible diagnostic and therapeutic concept for the treatment of all tumors of the extremities. Read More

Diagnostics (Basel) 2021 Apr 12;11(4). Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

The diagnosis of benign and malignant soft tissue and bone neoplasms is a challenging area of surgical pathology, due to the large number, rarity, and histologic diversity of tumor types. In recent years, diagnosis and classification has been aided substantially by our growing understanding of recurrent molecular alterations in these neoplasms. Concurrently, the role of diagnostic immunohistochemistry has also expanded, with the development of numerous biomarkers based on underlying molecular events. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2021 May 14;82:105885. Epub 2021 Apr 14.

Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto O 3000, Monterrey, 64710, Mexico. Electronic address:

Introduction: Lipomas are the most common soft tissue tumor. Giant lipomas are defined by measuring at least 10 cm in diameter in one dimension or by a minimum of 1000 g. They often are asymptomatic; however, they can cause compression syndromes due to nerve damage and difficulties in walking. Read More

Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2021 Aug 29;60(8):577-585. Epub 2021 Apr 29.

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA.

Oncogenesis in PLAG1-rearranged tumors often results from PLAG1 transcription factor overexpression driven by promoter-swapping between constitutively expressed fusion partners. PLAG1-rearranged tumors demonstrate diverse morphologies. This study adds to this morphologic heterogeneity by introducing two tumors with PLAG1 rearrangements that display distinct histologic features. Read More

Eur Radiol 2021 Apr 23. Epub 2021 Apr 23.

Department of Radiology, S Mark Taper Foundation Imaging Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Ste M-335, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.

Objectives: Our purpose was to differentiate between malignant from benign soft tissue neoplasms using a combination of MRI-based radiomics metrics and machine learning.

Methods: Our retrospective study identified 128 histologically diagnosed benign (n = 36) and malignant (n = 92) soft tissue lesions. 3D ROIs were manually drawn on 1 sequence of interest and co-registered to other sequences obtained during the same study. Read More

Br J Radiol 2021 Jun 20;94(1122):20201403. Epub 2021 May 20.

Department of Radiology, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Brockley Hill, Stanmore, Middlesex, UK.

Objectives: To determine the incidence and diagnostic relevance of non-fatty 'solid appearing' components within lipomatous tumours of the trunk and extremity.

Methods And Materials: Retrospective review of patients referred to a specialist musculoskeletal oncology service over a 12-month period with a lipomatous trunk or extremity soft tissue tumour. The presence and morphology (solitary/multifocal; homogeneous/heterogeneous; well-defined/poorly defined) of non-fatty components was recorded based on MRI and compared with the final histological diagnosis. Read More

J Belg Soc Radiol 2021 Apr 5;105(1):18. Epub 2021 Apr 5.

AZ Sint-Maarten, BE.

Granular cell tumors are rare soft tissue tumors that may occur in the breast. While almost always benign, they may mimic a malignant tumor both clinically and on imaging. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2021 Apr 10;15(1):155. Epub 2021 Apr 10.

Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan.

Background: Malignant tumors, such as acute leukemia and solid cancers, frequently cause disseminated intravascular coagulation. However, cases of disseminated intravascular coagulation as a complication of bursitis were not reported previously.

Case Presentation: A 72-year-old Japanese woman was scheduled to undergo resection of a rapidly growing subcutaneous tumor-like lesion on her left back. Read More

BMC Cancer 2021 Apr 7;21(1):364. Epub 2021 Apr 7.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mie University School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu City, Mie, 514-8507, Japan.

Background: The intimate relationship between coagulation and fibrinolysis in malignant tumors is a well-known phenomena, with the malignant phenotype enhancing coagulation and fibrinolysis. We hypothesized that soft tissue sarcoma (STS) affects the expression of coagulation and fibrinolysis markers, which could be used to distinguish STS from benign soft tissue tumors. We analyzed the correlations between plasma levels of D-dimer (DD), plasmin-α2 plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC), soluble fibrin (SF), and thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT) in benign soft tissue tumors and STS to elucidate whether these markers can be used to predict STS. Read More

Clin Transl Oncol 2021 Jul 5;23(7):1350-1357. Epub 2021 Apr 5.

Institute of Pathology of the University of Hamburg, UKE, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.

Purpose: The subclassification of adrenal cancers according to the WHO classification in ordinary, myxoid, oncocytic, and sarcomatoid as well as pediatric types is well established, but the criteria for each subtype are not sufficiently determined and the relative frequency of the different types of adrenal cancers has not been studied in large cohorts. Therefore, our large collection of surgically removed adrenal cancers should be reviewed o establish the criteria for the subtypes and to find out the frequency of the various types.

Methods: In our series of 521 adrenal cancers the scoring systems of Weiss et al. Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2021 Mar 30;13(7). Epub 2021 Mar 30.

Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are highly aggressive, genomically complex, have soft tissue sarcomas, and are derived from the Schwann cell lineage. Patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 syndrome (NF1), an autosomal dominant tumor predisposition syndrome, are at a high risk for MPNSTs, which usually develop from pre-existing benign Schwann cell tumors called plexiform neurofibromas. NF1 is characterized by loss-of-function mutations in the gene, which encode neurofibromin, a Ras GTPase activating protein (GAP) and negative regulator of RasGTP-dependent signaling. Read More

Laryngoscope 2021 Apr 2. Epub 2021 Apr 2.

Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of California - San Francisco, San Francisco, California, U.S.A.

Objectives/hypothesis: To better understand aesthetic patient-reported outcomes and psychosocial quality of life (QOL) after head and neck microvascular reconstruction for benign or malignant tumors.

Study Design: Single-center prospectively obtained in-office validated questionnaire-based study.

Methods: Analysis of prospectively collected surveys at a tertiary care academic center from June 2018 to February 2021. Read More

J Ultrason 2021 8;21(84):22-33. Epub 2021 Mar 8.

Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.

Introduction: Percutaneous ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy is a well-established method in the diagnosis of musculoskeletal tumors. It is unclear which factors contribute the most to a successful biopsy. The aim of the study was to determine the value of ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy of solid lesions in the musculoskeletal system using a 16-gauge needle. Read More

Clin Imaging 2021 Feb 24;78:51-59. Epub 2021 Feb 24.

Department of Radiology, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, UK. Electronic address:

Objectives: To determine the differential diagnosis of dermal and sub-dermal soft tissue masses which do not extend to the deep fascia that are referred to a specialist musculoskeletal oncology service.

Materials And Methods: Review of all patients referred to a specialist musculoskeletal oncology service over a 13-month period with a dermal or sub-dermal soft tissue mass which did not extend to the deep fascia based on MRI appearances. Data collected included age, gender, site and maximal lesion size, and final histological diagnosis for biopsied and/or excised lesions. Read More

Clin Podiatr Med Surg 2021 Apr 26;38(2):227-233. Epub 2021 Jan 26.

The Iowa Clinic, 5950 University Avenue West, Des Moines, IA 50266, USA; Unitypoint Health - Iowa Methodist Medical Center, 1415 Woodland Avenue, Des Moines, IA 50309, USA.

Bone tumors of the foot are an uncommon finding. Most tumors are found incidentally on imaging and are benign. Care must be taken although due to the aggressive nature of malignant bone tumors that can occur in the calcaneus. Read More

Oncol Lett 2021 Apr 10;21(4):281. Epub 2021 Feb 10.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8562, Japan.

The initial diagnostic distinction between benign and malignant soft tissue tumors is critical for decisions regarding the appropriate course of treatment. The current study aimed to evaluate the vascularity and elasticity of soft tissue tumors by superb microvascular imaging and shear wave elastography using ultrasonography (US), to determine their usefulness in distinguishing malignant soft tissue tumors, and to further establish the diagnostic accuracy and usefulness of a scoring system (SS) based on these evaluations. The present study used 167 lesions of soft tissue tumors examined by US prior to biopsy, surgery and pathological tissue diagnosis. Read More

Breast Dis 2021 Mar 9. Epub 2021 Mar 9.

Department of General and Special Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.

Introduction: Primary breast sarcoma (PBS) was first described in 1887 as a rare heterogeneous neoplasm arising from the mesenchymal tissue of the mammary gland accounting for less than 5% of all body soft-tissue sarcomas and less than 0.1% of all malignant tumors of the breast.

Case Presentation: A 31-year old lady presented with left breast mass which she felt four years before during which the mass increased in size from 1 to 6 cm in the largest diameter, diagnosed clinically as a benign fibroadenoma without any further cytological or histopathological confirmation. Read More