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    Leishmania, microbiota and sand fly immunity.
    Parasitology 2018 Jun 20:1-18. Epub 2018 Jun 20.
    Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Parasitas e Vetores,Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz,Av. Brasil 4365,Rio de Janeiro,RJ,Brazil.
    In this review, we explore the state-of-the-art of sand fly relationships with microbiota, viruses and Leishmania, with particular emphasis on the vector immune responses. Insect-borne diseases are a major public health problem in the world. Phlebotomine sand flies are proven vectors of several aetiological agents including viruses, bacteria and the trypanosomatid Leishmania, which are responsible for diseases such as viral encephalitis, bartonellosis and leishmaniasis, respectively. Read More
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    Acquisition of Bartonella elizabethae by Experimentally Exposed Oriental Rat Fleas (Xenopsylla cheopis; Siphonaptera, Pulicidae) and Excretion of Bartonella DNA in Flea Feces.
    J Med Entomol 2018 Jun 1. Epub 2018 Jun 1.
    Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO.
    Few studies have been able to provide experimental evidence of the ability of fleas to maintain rodent-associated Bartonella infections and excrete these bacteria. These data are important for understanding the transmission cycles and prevalence of these bacteria in hosts and vectors. We used an artificial feeding approach to expose groups of the oriental rat flea (Xenopsylla cheopis Rothschild; Siphonaptera, Pulicidae) to rat blood inoculated with varying concentrations of Bartonella elizabethae Daly (Bartonellaceae: Rhizobiales). Read More
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    infection in diverse clinical conditions in a tertiary care hospital in north India.
    Indian J Med Res 2018 Feb;147(2):189-194
    Department of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
    Background & Objectives: : Bartonella henselae causes infections which closely resemble febrile illness and chronic diseases such as tuberculosis and haematological malignancies. There are not many studies on Bartonella infections from India. The present study was undertaken to diagnose B. Read More
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    Cat scratch disease presenting as axillary lymphadenopathy and a palpable benign mammary nodule mimicking a carcinoma.
    Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2018 Mar-Apr;51(2):247-248
    Núcleo de Mastologia, Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
    We present a case involving a 74-year-old woman with cat scratch disease characterized by an enlarged and hard axillary lymph node as well as a palpable breast nodule mimicking a carcinoma. The lymph node and the breast nodule were excised. The pathologic examinations revealed granulomatous lymphadenitis with gram-negative bacilli and an intraductal papilloma. Read More
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    Echocardiographic Features in Endocarditis: A Case Series.
    Cardiol Res 2018 Apr 25;9(2):116-119. Epub 2018 Apr 25.
    International Emerging Infections Program, Thailand MOPH-US CDC Collaboration, Nontaburi, Thailand.
    spp. are emerging pathogens that are reported as the cause of blood culture-negative endocarditis ( BCNE). However, echocardiographic features and assessment of this endocarditis remains unclear. Read More
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    A miraculous recovery: infection following a red ant bite.
    BMJ Case Rep 2018 May 4;2018. Epub 2018 May 4.
    Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.
    The clinically important human infections are mostly caused by the three species (eg, ) of out of the many progressively increasing identified species. transmitted by the arthropod vector, fleas, after cat bite is responsible for the rare multisystem cat scratch disease in humans. We present an extremely rare case of contracted presumably through a red ant bite. Read More
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    Rheumatological presentation of Bartonella koehlerae and Bartonella henselae bacteremias: A case report.
    Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Apr;97(17):e0465
    Intracellular Pathogens Research Laboratory, Comparative Medicine Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC.
    Introduction: Systemic Bartonella spp. infections are being increasingly reported in association with complex medical presentations. Individuals with frequent arthropod exposures or animal contact appear to be at risk for acquiring long standing infections with Bartonella spp. Read More
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    First report of and sensu lato in poultry red mites, (), related to urban outbreaks of dermatitis in Italy.
    New Microbes New Infect 2018 May 22;23:103-109. Epub 2018 Feb 22.
    Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata, Foggia, Italy.
    The poultry red mite (PRM), is a nonburrowing haematophagous nest-dwelling ectoparasite of birds; occasionally it bites humans, inducing dermatitis. The possibility that this parasite may also be involved in transmission of pathogens is an additional concern. We investigated the presence of zoonotic agents in PRMs from bird nests and pets, and related them to urban outbreaks of dermatitis. Read More
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    Body lice of homeless people reveal the presence of several emerging bacterial pathogens in northern Algeria.
    PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018 04 17;12(4):e0006397. Epub 2018 Apr 17.
    Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.
    Background: Human lice, Pediculus humanus, are obligate blood-sucking parasites. Body lice, Pediculus h. humanus, occur in two divergent mitochondrial clades (A and D) each exhibiting a particular geographic distribution. Read More
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    Prevalence of Selected Zoonotic Diseases and Risk Factors at a Human-Wildlife-Livestock Interface in Mpumalanga Province, South Africa.
    Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2018 06 17;18(6):303-310. Epub 2018 Apr 17.
    3 Centre for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases , Sandringham, South Africa .
    A lack of surveillance and diagnostics for zoonotic diseases in rural human clinics limits clinical awareness of these diseases. We assessed the prevalence of nine zoonotic pathogens in a pastoral, low-income, HIV-endemic community bordering wildlife reserves in South Africa. Two groups of participants were included: malaria-negative acute febrile illness (AFI) patients, called febrilers, at three clinics (n = 74) and second, farmers, herders, and veterinary staff found at five government cattle dip-tanks, called dip-tanksters (n = 64). Read More
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    Bartonella infections in humans dogs and cats.
    Vet Ital 2018 Mar;54(1):63-72
    Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Campo Boario 64100, Teramo, Italy.
    Bartonellae are emerging vector-borne pathogens distributed worldwide that can cause various clinical symptoms in humans and animals, ranging from a mild flu-like illness to more severe manifestations such as endocarditis, myocarditis, arthritis, hepatitis, and arthralgia. Numerous mammalian species, including domestic animals such as dogs, cats, as well as humans, serve as reservoir hosts for various Bartonella species. The vectors play a central role in the transmission of these bacteria and pets and their ectoparasites can pose a serious risk of zoonoses. Read More
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    Molecular survey of neglected bacterial pathogens reveals an abundant diversity of species and genotypes in ticks collected from animal hosts across Romania.
    Parasit Vectors 2018 03 20;11(1):144. Epub 2018 Mar 20.
    Institute for Diagnosis and Animal Health, Bucharest, Romania.
    Background: Ticks are transmitting a wide range of bacterial pathogens that cause substantial morbidity and mortality in domestic animals. The full pathogen burden transmitted by tick vectors is incompletely studied in many geographical areas, and extensive studies are required to fully understand the diversity and distribution of pathogens transmitted by ticks.

    Results: We sampled 824 ticks of 11 species collected in 19 counties in Romania. Read More
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    Clinical evaluation of outdoor cats exposed to ectoparasites and associated risk for vector-borne infections in southern Italy.
    Parasit Vectors 2018 03 20;11(1):136. Epub 2018 Mar 20.
    Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola, 08193, Barcelona, Spain.
    Background: Cats can be carriers of infected arthropods and be infected with several vector-borne pathogens (VBP) but there is limited knowledge about their pathogenic role in cats.

    Results: A cross-sectional controlled study investigated the clinical status and antibody (Bartonella henselae, Rickettsia conorii, Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Babesia microti and Leishmania infantum) and/or blood PCR (Mycoplasma spp., Bartonella spp. Read More
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    Does co-infection with vector-borne pathogens play a role in clinical canine leishmaniosis?
    Parasit Vectors 2018 03 20;11(1):135. Epub 2018 Mar 20.
    Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
    Background: The severity of canine leishmaniosis (CanL) due to Leishmania infantum might be affected by other vector-borne organisms that mimic its clinical signs and clinicopathological abnormalities. The aim of this study was to determine co-infections with other vector-borne pathogens based on serological and molecular techniques in dogs with clinical leishmaniosis living in Spain and to associate them with clinical signs and clinicopathological abnormalities as well as disease severity.

    Methods: Sixty-one dogs with clinical leishmaniosis and 16 apparently healthy dogs were tested for Rickettsia conorii, Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Bartonella henselae antigens by the immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) and for E. Read More
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    Improvement of Bartonella henselae DNA Detection in Cat Blood Samples by Combining Molecular and Culture Methods.
    J Clin Microbiol 2018 May 25;56(5). Epub 2018 Apr 25.
    University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
    spp. are bacteria of worldwide distribution that cause asymptomatic to fatal infections in animals and humans. The most common zoonotic species is , for which cats are the major natural reservoir host. Read More
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    Presence of Bartonella spp. in domestic cats from a state park in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
    Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2018 03 8;60:e14. Epub 2018 Mar 8.
    Universidade Federal Fluminense, Faculdade de Veterinária, Departamento de Patologia e Clínica Veterinária, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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    Otolaryngological symptoms in patients treated for tick-borne diseases.
    Otolaryngol Pol 2018 Feb;72(1):30-34
    Otolaryngology Clinic, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicu, Krakow, Poland; Head Department: Jacek Składzień, PH, MD.
    infections are borreliosis (Lyme disease) and tick-borne encephalitis (TBE). Lately there is growing incidence of Bartonella, Babesia, Anaplasma and Brucella co-infections. The similarity between the symptoms of tick-borne diseases and other pathologies causes serious diagnostic issues. Read More
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    Seek and Find! PCR analyses of skin infections in West-European travelers returning from abroad with an eschar.
    Travel Med Infect Dis 2018 Mar 2. Epub 2018 Mar 2.
    Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France. Electronic address:
    Background: Skin infections are among the leading causes of diseases in travelers. Diagnosing pathogens could be difficult.

    Method: We applied molecular assays for the diagnostic of a large collection of skin biopsies and swabs from travelers with suspected skin infections. Read More
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    [Prevalence of Bartonella henselae in blood donors and risk of blood transmission in Chile].
    Rev Chilena Infectol 2017 Dec;34(6):539-543
    Escuela de Tecnología Médica, Universidad Santo Tomás, Santiago, Chile.
    Background: Bartonella henselae is the causal agent of cat scratch disease in immunocompetent persons and bacterial angiomatosis in immunocompromised patients. In Chile, the prevalence of antibodies against B. henselae in healthy children and adolescents is 13. Read More
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    A five-year survey of tick species and identification of tick-borne bacteria in Sardinia, Italy.
    Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2018 Mar 17;9(3):678-681. Epub 2018 Feb 17.
    Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, Sassari, Italy.
    Sardinia is a hotspot for studying tick-borne diseases in the Mediterranean region, where cases of notifiable tick-borne diseases are increasing. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of tick-borne bacteria of medical and veterinary importance in ixodid ticks collected from domestic and wild animals, humans, and vegetation from different collection sites in Sardinia. Using standard PCR and sequencing techniques, the presence of Rickettsia, Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, and Bartonella species, as well as Coxiella burnetii was evaluated. Read More
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    Physiological, but not fitness, effects of two interacting haemoparasitic infections in a wild rodent.
    Int J Parasitol 2018 May 22;48(6):463-471. Epub 2018 Feb 22.
    School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
    In contrast to the conditions in most laboratory studies, wild animals are routinely challenged by multiple infections simultaneously, and these infections can interact in complex ways. This means that the impact of a parasite on its host's physiology and fitness cannot be fully assessed in isolation, and requires consideration of the interactions with other co-infections. Here we examine the impact of two common blood parasites in the field vole (Microtus agrestis): Babesia microti and Bartonella spp. Read More
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    Molecular diagnosis of skin infections using paraffin-embedded tissue - review and interdisciplinary consensus.
    J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2018 Feb;16(2):139-147
    Institute of Microbiology - Clinical Microbiology, Immunology, and Hygiene, University Medical Center and Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
    Nucleic acid amplification techniques (NATs), such as PCR, are highly sensitive and specific methods that have become valuable supplements to culture and serology in the diagnosis of infectious disorders. However, especially when using formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue, these techniques are associated with both false-negative and false-positive results, a pitfall that is frequently misjudged. Representatives of the German Society of Hygiene and Microbiology (DGHM) and the German Society of Dermatology (DDG) therefore set out to develop a consensus - in the form of a review article - on the appropriate indications for NATs using paraffin-embedded tissue, its contraindications, and the key points to be considered in the pre- and post-analytical phase. Read More
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    Fever of unknown origin and splenomegaly: A case report of blood culture negative endocarditis.
    Medicine (Baltimore) 2017 Dec;96(50):e9197
    Institute of Internal Medicine.
    Rationale: Fever of unknown origin (FUO) can be determined by different conditions among which infectious diseases represent the main cause.

    Patient Concerns: A young woman, with a history of aortic stenosis, was admitted to our unit for a month of intermittent fever associated with a new diastolic heart murmur and splenomegaly. Laboratory tests were negative for infectious screening. Read More
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    PCR evaluation of selected vector-borne pathogens in dogs with pericardial effusion.
    J Small Anim Pract 2018 Apr 22;59(4):248-252. Epub 2018 Jan 22.
    Hospital Clínic Veterinari, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08193, Spain.
    Objectives: To investigate evidence for selected vector-borne pathogen infections in dogs with pericardial effusion living in a Mediterranean area in which several canine vector-borne diseases are endemic.

    Materials And Methods: Archived EDTA blood (n=68) and pericardial fluid samples (n=58) from dogs with pericardial effusion (n=68) were included. Dogs without pericardial effusion examined for other reasons were included as controls (n=60). Read More
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    Skin Infections due to Bacteria in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: A Review.
    Dermatology 2017 10;233(5):358-365. Epub 2018 Jan 10.
    Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.
    Though there is an abundance of information on cutaneous malignancies in transplant recipients, cutaneous infections in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) are underrepresented in the dermatological literature. Our paper provides a comprehensive review of bacterial cutaneous infections within the solid organ transplant population. Cutaneous bacterial infections may lead to significant morbidity and even mortality in this immunosuppressed population. Read More
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    Comparison of Zoonotic Bacterial Agents in Fleas Collected from Small Mammals or Host-Seeking Fleas from a Ugandan Region Where Plague Is Endemic.
    mSphere 2017 Nov-Dec;2(6). Epub 2017 Dec 20.
    Bacterial Diseases Branch, Division of Vector-Borne Disease, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
    Fleas ( = 407) were collected from small mammals trapped inside huts and surroundings of homesteads in five villages within the Arua and Zombo districts of Uganda. The most common flea species were (26%) and (50%). Off-host fleas ( = 225) were collected inside huts by using Kilonzo flea traps. Read More
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    Beyond abundance: How microenvironmental features and weather influence Bartonella tribocorum infection in wild Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus).
    Zoonoses Public Health 2018 05 23;65(3):339-351. Epub 2017 Dec 23.
    Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
    Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) inhabit cities worldwide and carry a number of zoonotic pathogens. Although many studies have investigated rat-level risk factors, there is limited research on the effects of weather and environment on zoonotic pathogen transmission ecology in rats. The objective of this study was to use a disease ecology approach to understand how abiotic (weather and urban microenvironmental features) and biotic (relative rat population abundance) factors affect Bartonella tribocorum prevalence in urban Norway rats from Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Read More
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    [Update on tegumentary leishmaniasis and carrion's disease vectors in Peru].
    Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica 2017 Jul-Sep;34(3):485-496
    Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Lima, Perú.
    Among approximately 190 species of Lutzomyia in Peru, only a small number have been identified as vectors of tegumentary leishmaniasis in Western and inter-Andean valleys. These include L. peruensis, L. Read More
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    Diversity of Borrelia spirochetes and other zoonotic agents in ticks from Kyiv, Ukraine.
    Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2018 Feb 15;9(2):404-409. Epub 2017 Dec 15.
    I.I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 15 Khmelnytskogo St, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine.
    Lyme borreliosis (LB) is caused by tick-borne spirochetes of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex. LB is the most prevalent vector-borne illness in Ukraine, but current data on the prevalence of LB pathogens in their tick vector, Ixodes ricinus, are lacking. I. Read More
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    A case of Infective Endocarditis due to Salmonella enterica phagetype 35. First report.
    Clin Ter 2017 Nov-Dec;168(6):e397-e400
    Department for Health Promotion and Mother-Child Care. Legal Medicine Section, University of Palermo, Italy.
    Infective Endocarditis (IE) has high morbidity and mortality. To date, in addition to classic Gram-positive pathogens were isolated exigent Gram negative bacteria responsible of endocarditis as A. baumannii, A. Read More
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    Co-infection with Bartonella bacilliformis and Mycobacterium spp. in a coastal region of Peru.
    BMC Res Notes 2017 Dec 1;10(1):656. Epub 2017 Dec 1.
    School of Medicine, Research and Innovation Centre of the Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Av. San Marcos cuadra. 2, Chorrillos, Lima, Peru.
    Objective: This study investigated an outbreak of Bartonellosis in a coastal region in Peru.

    Results: A total of 70 (n = 70) samples with clinical criteria for the acute phase of Bartonellosis and a positive peripheral blood smear were included. 22. Read More
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    Carrion's Disease: the Sound of Silence.
    Clin Microbiol Rev 2018 01 29;31(1). Epub 2017 Nov 29.
    Institute for Global Health, Barcelona Centre for International Health Research, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
    Carrion's disease (CD) is a neglected biphasic vector-borne illness related to . It is found in the Andean valleys and is transmitted mainly by members of the genus but also by blood transfusions and from mother to child. The acute phase, Oroya fever, presents severe anemia and fever. Read More
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    [Bartonella henselae infection, the importance of images for diagnosis and follow-up].
    Rev Chilena Infectol 2017 Aug;34(4):410-412
    Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Universidad del Desarrollo, Chile.
    Bartonella henselae infection is a frequent zoonosis from the domestic cat. It is presented with regional lymphadenitis in the majority of cases. Searching and characterization of lymph nodes by diagnostic imaging can be useful in the differential diagnosis approach, with a clear advantage, because it is a noninvasive method. Read More
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    [Central nervous system infection by Bartonella henselae associated with a choroid plexus papilloma].
    Rev Chilena Infectol 2017 Aug;34(4):383-388
    Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Luis Calvo Mackenna, Chile.
    Bartonella henselae infection is a prevalent illness in Chile. It presents generally as a cat scratch disease or as a prolonged fever syndrome. There are atypical manifestations, which include central nervous system, bone, cardiac and hepato-esplenic compromised. Read More
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    Rodent-Borne Bartonella Infection Varies According to Host Species Within and Among Cities.
    Ecohealth 2017 Dec 21;14(4):771-782. Epub 2017 Nov 21.
    Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
    It is becoming increasingly likely that rodents will drive future disease epidemics with the continued expansion of cities worldwide. Though transmission risk is a growing concern, relatively little is known about pathogens carried by urban rats. Here, we assess whether the diversity and prevalence of Bartonella bacteria differ according to the (co)occurrence of rat hosts across New Orleans, LA (NO), where both Norway (Rattus norvegicus) and roof rats (Rattus rattus) are found, relative to New York City (NYC) which only harbors Norway rats. Read More
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    Infective endocarditis due to Bartonella bacilliformis associated with systemic vasculitis: a case report.
    Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2017 Sep-Oct;50(5):706-708
    Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Perú.
    Infective endocarditis due to Bartonella bacilliformis is rare. A 64-year-old woman, without previous heart disease, presented with 6 weeks of fever, myalgias, and arthralgias. A systolic murmur was heard on the tricuspid area upon examination, and an echocardiogram showed endocardial lesions in the right atrium. Read More
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    Detection of relapsing fever Borrelia spp., Bartonella spp. and Anaplasmataceae bacteria in argasid ticks in Algeria.
    PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017 Nov 16;11(11):e0006064. Epub 2017 Nov 16.
    Unité de Recherche en Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), Aix Marseille Université, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, Inserm 1095, AP-HM, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.
    Background: Argasid ticks (soft ticks) are blood-feeding arthropods that can parasitize rodents, birds, humans, livestock and companion animals. Ticks of the Ornithodoros genus are known to be vectors of relapsing fever borreliosis in humans. In Algeria, little is known about relapsing fever borreliosis and other bacterial pathogens transmitted by argasid ticks. Read More
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    Bartonella, bats and bugs: A review.
    Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2017 Dec 18;55:20-29. Epub 2017 Sep 18.
    Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
    Ecological, immunological, and epidemiological factors enable bats to transmit an increasingly recognized spectrum of zoonotic agents, and bartonellae are among those emerging pathogens identified in bats and their arthropod ectoparasites. Current data reveal a multifaceted disease ecology where diverse host species distributed around the world interact with a number of Bartonella spp. and several potential vectors. Read More
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    Prevalence of Bartonella spp. by culture, PCR and serology, in veterinary personnel from Spain.
    Parasit Vectors 2017 Nov 7;10(1):553. Epub 2017 Nov 7.
    Intracellular Pathogens Research Laboratory, Comparative Medicine Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.
    Background: The genus Bartonella includes fastidious, facultative intracellular bacteria mainly transmitted by arthropods and distributed among mammalian reservoirs. Bartonella spp. implicated as etiological agents of zoonoses are increasing. Read More
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    Torticollis and Fever in a Young Boy: A Unique Presentation of Cat-Scratch Disease With Vertebral Osteomyelitis and Epidural Phlegmon.
    Pediatr Emerg Care 2017 Dec;33(12):e164-e166
    Cat-scratch disease-associated vertebral osteomyelitis and epidural involvement are rare and may manifest with nonspecific chronic symptoms in children, such as fever or torticollis. We present only the fourth case in the literature describing epidural involvement in an immunocompetent boy presenting with fever, torticollis, and indiscriminate left upper back tenderness. Bartonella henselae serologies are important to consider because such atypical complications often are responsive to conservative management with antibiotics. Read More
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    A bacterial toxin-antitoxin module is the origin of inter-bacterial and inter-kingdom effectors of Bartonella.
    PLoS Genet 2017 Oct 26;13(10):e1007077. Epub 2017 Oct 26.
    Focal Area Infection Biology, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
    Host-targeting type IV secretion systems (T4SS) evolved from conjugative T4SS machineries that mediate interbacterial plasmid transfer. However, the origins of effectors secreted by these virulence devices have remained largely elusive. Previous work showed that some effectors exhibit homology to toxins of bacterial toxin-antitoxin modules, but the evolutionary trajectories underlying these ties had not been resolved. Read More
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    Detection of Bartonella in cat scratch disease using a single-step PCR assay kit.
    J Med Microbiol 2017 Nov 25;66(11):1596-1601. Epub 2017 Oct 25.
    2​ISP, INRA, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR 1282, F-37380, Nouzilly, France.
    Purpose: Bartonella is an increasingly isolated emerging pathogen that can cause severe illness in humans, including cat scratch disease (CSD). The bacteria are difficult to grow and thus many detection methods have been developed, especially molecular. We previously developed a PCR method targeting ribC to identify Bartonella sp. Read More
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    Bartonella quintana and Typhus Group Rickettsiae Exposure among Homeless Persons, Bogotá, Colombia.
    Emerg Infect Dis 2017 11;23(11):1876-1879
    In 2015, we investigated Bartonella quintana and typhus group rickettsiae in body lice from homeless persons in Bogotá, Colombia. We found B. quintana-infected body lice and seroprevalence of this microorganism in 19% of homeless persons and typhus group rickettsiae in 56%. Read More
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    Rickettsial retinitis: Direct bacterial infection or an immune-mediated response?
    Indian J Ophthalmol 2017 Oct;65(10):1038-1041
    Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
    Infectious retinitis postfebrile illness is known to be caused by chikungunya, dengue, West Nile virus, Bartonella, Lyme's disease, Rift Valley fever, rickettsia, Herpes viruses etc. Rickettsia is Gram-negative bacteria transmitted by arthropods vectors. Ocular involvement is common including conjunctivitis, keratitis, anterior uveitis, panuveitis, retinitis, retinal vascular changes, and optic nerve involvement. Read More
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    Molecular detection of Bartonella spp. in deer ked (Lipoptena cervi) in Poland.
    Parasit Vectors 2017 Oct 16;10(1):487. Epub 2017 Oct 16.
    Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818, Warsaw, Poland.
    Background: The bacteria of the genus Bartonella are obligate parasites of vertebrates. Their distribution range covers almost the entire world from America, Europe, Asia to Africa and Australia. Some species of Bartonella are pathogenic for humans. Read More
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    Ophthalmic manifestations of bartonella infection.
    Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2017 Nov;28(6):607-612
    aDepartment of Ophthalmology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem bDepartment of Ophthalmology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
    Purpose Of Review: The eye is commonly affected in disseminated cat scratch disease (CSD) caused by Bartonella species. This article reviews recently published data on epidemiology of CSD, clinical features of ocular involvement, diagnosis and treatment.

    Recent Findings: The annual incidence of CSD has been estimated as 4. Read More
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    EVALUATING THE IMPACTS OF COINFECTION ON IMMUNE SYSTEM FUNCTION OF THE DEER MOUSE ( PEROMYSCUS MANICULATUS) USING SIN NOMBRE VIRUS AND BARTONELLA AS MODEL PATHOGEN SYSTEMS.
    J Wildl Dis 2018 01 4;54(1):66-75. Epub 2017 Oct 4.
    1   Department of Biology, Fort Lewis College, 1000 Rim Drive, Durango, Colorado 81301, USA.
    :  Simultaneous infections with multiple pathogens can alter the function of the host's immune system, often resulting in additive or synergistic morbidity. We examined how coinfection with the common pathogens Sin Nombre virus (SNV) and Bartonella sp. affected aspects of the adaptive and innate immune responses of wild deer mice ( Peromyscus maniculatus). Read More
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    Diversity and prevalence of Bartonella species in small mammals from Slovakia, Central Europe.
    Parasitol Res 2017 Nov 3;116(11):3087-3095. Epub 2017 Oct 3.
    Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 06, Bratislava, Slovakia.
    Wild-living rodents are important hosts for zoonotic pathogens. Bartonella infections are widespread in rodents; however, in Slovakia, knowledge on the prevalence of these bacteria in small mammals is limited. We investigated the prevalence and diversity of Bartonella species in the spleens of 640 rodents of six species (Apodemus flavicollis, Apodemus sylvaticus, Myodes glareolus, Microtus arvalis, Microtus subterraneus, and Micromys minutus) and in the European mole (Talpa europaea) from three different habitat types in south-western and central Slovakia. Read More
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    Pathogens in ectoparasites from free-ranging animals: Infection with Rickettsia asembonensis in ticks, and a potentially new species of Dipylidium in fleas and lice.
    Vet Parasitol 2017 Oct 25;245:102-105. Epub 2017 Aug 25.
    Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
    Vector-borne infections are persistent public health threats worldwide. In recent years, a number of mosquito-borne viruses have emerged or re-emerged to cause major disease outbreaks. Other vector-borne pathogens, however, remain understudied and much neglected especially in the developing regions of the world including Southeast Asia. Read More
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