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Gynecol Endocrinol 2018 Aug 22:1-5. Epub 2018 Aug 22.

a Department of Gynecological, Obstetrical and Urological Sciences , ' Sapienza' University of Rome , Rome , Italy.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the sexual functionality before and after treatment of Bartholin's gland diseases (BGD) with CO laser and to compare our results to patients who underwent surgical cold knife and to a healthy control group (HCG). Consecutive patients (n = 15) affected by BG cyst or abscess who underwent CO laser treatment were evaluated. Patients were asked to complete the Italian translation of the Female Sexual Functioning Index (FSFI) before and 4 weeks after treatment. Read More

Case Rep Obstet Gynecol 2018 26;2018:5256876. Epub 2018 Mar 26.

University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the Bartholin Gland (BG-ACC) is a rare form of vulval cancer with only approximately 350 reported cases since 1864. A review of available literature and case reports suggests an aggressive nature with protracted clinical symptoms and a tendency for local recurrence despite adequate surgical excision with or without adjuvant radiotherapy. Survival rates of 71% and 59% are reported at five and ten years. Read More

Int J Gynecol Pathol 2018 Feb 5. Epub 2018 Feb 5.

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (T.N., A.S.C., A.N.K., C.B.G.) Genetic Pathology Evaluation Centre (A.S.C.), University of British Columbia Division of Anatomical Pathology, Vancouver General Hospital (T.N., A.N.K., C.B.G.) Division of Medical Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency (A.T.), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Bartholin gland carcinomas are rare forms of vulvar malignancy and it is unclear what proportion is associated with high-risk human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. Our hospital archives were searched for all cases of Bartholin gland carcinoma from 1984 to 2017 (n=16). We excluded 3 adenoid cystic carcinomas, which were the subject of a previous study, leaving 13 cases. Read More

Gynecol Oncol 2017 12 28;147(3):723-724. Epub 2017 Sep 28.

Department of Gynecology, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.

Objective: Some sections of the pelvic bone can be removed without severe loss of function, including the inferior pubic ramus. Here we report a technique for the complete resection of locally advanced adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the Bartholin's gland that had invaded the obturator muscle and inferior pubic ramus.

Methods: We chose to operate because there was little evidence of definitive radiotherapy for ACC of the vulva. Read More

Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2017 09 13;117:1-11. Epub 2017 Jun 13.

Department of Gynecological, Obstetrical and Urological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy.

Introduction: Bartholin gland carcinoma is an extremely rare condition. Because of its, phase III trials have not been carried out, there exists no unanimous consensus on treatment and guidelines are missing.

Methods: All studies reporting cases of Bartholin cancer were collected and screened for the evaluations. Read More

J Comput Assist Tomogr 2018 Jan/Feb;42(1):162-166

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency, morphology, and attenuation characteristics of Bartholin cysts on multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in asymptomatic women.

Methods: A total of 3280 consecutive MDCT examinations were assessed for Bartholin cysts. The diagnosis was based on shape, contrast enhancement, and anatomical location. Read More

J Obstet Gynaecol 2017 Oct 11;37(7):840-848. Epub 2017 Apr 11.

a Department of Dermatology , Bispebjerg Hospital , Copenhagen , Denmark.

A multitude of infectious diseases of viral (genital herpes, herpes zoster, genital warts and molluscum contagiosum), bacterial (syphilis, chancroid, lymphogranuloma venereum, donovanosis, erysipelas, cellulitis and necrotising fasciitis, folliculitis, impetigo, bartholin gland abscess, trichomycosis and erythrasma), fungal (candidiasis and dermatophytosis) and parasitic (pediculosis pubis) origin may affect the vulvar area. Herein, we review the infections and their skin manifestations in the vulvar area. Read More

Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2017 May 9;212:65-68. Epub 2017 Mar 9.

Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medecine, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Seine Saint-Denis, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Avenue du 14 Juillet, Bondy, France; Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR SMBH, Bobigny, France.

Objective(s): To study the clinical and bacterial characteristic of Bartholin gland abscesses during pregnancy and the obstetric and neonatal outcomes.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study of all patients with surgical treatment of Bartholin gland abscesses between 2004 and 2015 in our university center. Clinical and bacterial characteristics between pregnant and non-pregnant women were compared. Read More

Acta Med Iran 2016 Dec;54(12):820-822

Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, USA.

Primary adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of Bartholin's gland is a rare gynecologic malignancy. We report a case of locally advanced ACC of Bartholin's gland. A 62-year-old presented with left Bartholin's gland carcinoma and underwent left radical vulvectomy, left-sided inguinal-femoral lymph node dissection, posterior pelvic exenteration, and pedicle abdominal muscle flap. Read More

J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2016 Oct 14;29(5):e83-e85. Epub 2016 May 14.

Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Etimesgut Military Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.

Background: Cystic lesions associated with the blockage of Bartholin gland ducts are frequently seen, but occurrence outside the normal vestibular localization is quite rare.

Case: A 16-year-old patient presented with a localized cystic lump approximately 4 cm in size on one of her labia minora. After an excision, she was diagnosed with an atypically localized Bartholin cyst. Read More

Clin Rehabil 2017 Apr 10;31(4):508-520. Epub 2016 Jul 10.

1 Master's and Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

Objective: To compare the effect of conventional physical therapy and Pilates on function, restoration, and exercise ability in hospitalized chronic renal patients.

Methods: A total of 56 inpatients were randomized into two groups: Conventional physical therapy and Pilates. The primary outcomes were functionality (Barthel Index), respiratory muscle strength (manovacuometry), and ability to exercise (step test) evaluated in the following periods: preintervention, after the 5th session, and after the 10th session or at discharge. Read More

Cureus 2016 Mar 31;8(3):e550. Epub 2016 Mar 31.

Department of Radiation Oncology, McGill University Health Centre.

Vulvar neoplasms represent four percent of all gynecological cancers. While most cases of vulvar neoplasms are benign, two percent of patients present with malignant disease. We present the case of a 37-year-old premenopausal female who presented to an outside institution with a lump in her left vulva, which had progressively enlarged to the size of an egg. Read More

Am J Dermatopathol 2016 Jun;38(6):444-7

*Ackerman Academy of Dermatopathology, New York, NY; †Department of Dermatology, Kasr Alainy Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt; ‡Kings County Hospital Center, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, New York, NY; §Department of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, SC; and ¶Department of Dermatology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, New York, NY.

Hidradenoma papilliferum is a benign cutaneous adnexal neoplasm, commonly occurring in the vulva and perianal region of adult women. It has characteristic histopathological features composed of anastomosing and branching tubules, lined by columnar cells, and a basal layer of myoepithelial cells. A 39-year-old woman was evaluated for 2 asymptomatic labial masses. Read More

Obstet Gynecol 2016 May;127(5):859-61

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland.

Background: Vaginal cysts are a common finding. The differential diagnosis includes epidermal inclusion, Bartholin gland, Gartner duct, and Skene gland cysts and Müllerian anomalies. Rarely, leiomyomas, cancers, or ectopic ureters or megaureters are found. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2016 Apr 30;83:69-73. Epub 2016 Jan 30.

Department Family and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Utah, UT, USA.

Objective: To evaluate ranula development according to anatomic variation of the ductal system of sublingual gland (SLG), especially the presence of Bartholin's duct.

Methods: The anatomic variation of SLG duct was prospectively investigated and compared between 55 consecutive patients with ranulas treated by SLG excision (group 1) and another 15 consecutive patients undergoing similar surgeries for other conditions (group 2). The ductal structures of SLGs and submandibular glands (SMG) were also compared between the pediatric patients and adult patients with ranulas. Read More

Int J Gynecol Cancer 2016 May;26(4):785-9

From the *Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Departments of †Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, ‡Biostatistics, and §Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; ∥Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Sao Paulo, Brazil; ¶Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Henghe Hospital, Beijing, China; and #Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Federal University of Health Sciences/Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericordia, Porto Alegre, Brazil.

Objective: Primary carcinoma of the Bartholin gland is a rare malignancy that accounts for approximately 5% of vulvar carcinomas. The aim of the study was to compare the outcomes of women with primary Bartholin gland carcinoma (BGC) with those with non-Bartholin gland-related vulvar carcinoma.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective chart review of 429 patients with invasive vulvar carcinoma evaluated at a single institution between 1993 and 2011 was performed. Read More

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2016 Mar 6;35(3):443-6. Epub 2016 Jan 6.

Urogynecology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petach Tikva, 49100, Israel.

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the patient characteristics, clinical manifestations, microbiology, and modes of treatment of a large cohort of women with acute Bartholin's abscess, from a single medical center. A retrospective study was undertaken of all women diagnosed with acute Bartholin's gland abscess who were admitted to the gynecology department in a university-affiliated tertiary hospital in central Israel from January 2004 to December 2013. A total of 267 women were included in the study. Read More

Prz Menopauzalny 2014 Oct 2;13(5):310-2. Epub 2014 Nov 2.

Department of General and Colorectal Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Poland.

Carcinoma of the Bartholin's gland is very rare, comprises below 2% of Bartholin's gland lesions and adenoid cystic carcinoma (ADC) is one of the most uncommon variants and accounts for 10-15% of Bartholin's gland malignancies. There is no consensus on treatment of ADC of the Bartholin's gland: reported cases were treated with local excision or vulvectomy with or without lymphadenectomy followed or not by radiotherapy. The survival of patients varies significantly, so we present a case of interdisciplinary treatment of ADC resulting in 15 years' survival. Read More

Clin Obstet Gynecol 2015 Sep;58(3):503-11

Mercy Hospital St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri.

Infections of the vulva can present a complex differential to the gynecologist, ranging from superficial skin infections to life-threatening necrotizing fasciitis. Recognition and timely treatment remain universal to skin and soft-tissue infections as the subcutaneous anatomy of the vulva can facilitate rapid spread to other tissues with significant morbidity and mortality. Ineffective antibiotics or deferring necessary surgical debridement have proven to be costly to the patient, and the gynecologist must maintain an appropriately high index of suspicion. Read More

Clin Obstet Gynecol 2015 Sep;58(3):526-35

Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey.

A variety of mass lesions may affect the vulva. These may be non-neoplastic, or represent benign or malignant neoplasms. A review of benign mass lesions and neoplasms of the vulva is presented. Read More

Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2015 Jul 29;190:81-4. Epub 2015 Apr 29.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Austria.

Objective: Bartholin's cysts and abscesses occur in about 2% of women. None of the surgical or conservative treatment approaches have been proven to be superior. The Word catheter is an outpatient treatment option, but little is known about aspects of implementing this therapy in an office setting. Read More

Am J Surg Pathol 2015 Sep;39(9):1290-5

*Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital †Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.

Lipoblastoma-like tumor of the vulva (LLTV) is an exceptionally rare adipocytic mesenchymal tumor with only 4 cases reported previously. The aim of this study is to help characterize this tumor type. Eight cases of LLTV were identified in the consult files of one of the authors (C. Read More

Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2015 Jul 10;190:76-80. Epub 2015 Mar 10.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, A-8036 Graz, Austria.

Objectives: Cysts and abscesses of the Bartholin glands are a common occurrence in gynecologic or general practice. Little is known about restrictions in patient's daily life and sexual activity during treatment of Bartholin's cysts in general and especially with the Word catheter. This study is to assess the Quality of Life and Sexual Activity during treatment of Bartholin cyst's and abscesses with the Word-catheter. Read More

J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015 Apr 22;73(4):675.e1-7. Epub 2014 Oct 22.

Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.

Purpose: Some believe that the recurrence of sublingual ranula results from incomplete removal of the sublingual gland (SLG), but recurrence remains in some patients who undergo repeated excision of the remnant SLG, and the final solution to the recurrence is to remove the ipsilateral submandibular gland (SMG). In the authors' experience, preoperative aspirate from a sublingual ranula was a thick mucus-like fluid resembling egg white, whereas that from recurrent cyst after removal of the SLG was thin serous fluid. Based on the difference of the aspirated fluids, the authors speculated that the recurrent cystic mass might not be a ranula, but rather iatrogenic saliva leakage from the SMG through the previous surgically damaged excretory duct of the SLG (Bartholin duct) that opens into the SMG duct (Wharton duct). Read More

Ginekol Pol 2014 Oct;85(10):796-9

Vulvar angiomyofibroblastoma is rare tumor of obscure histological origin. Here a case of 49-year old woman is described with this intriguing benign vulvar entity. The tumor developed at left vulvar labia and clinically imitated Bartholin cyst with clinical complaints of regional discomfort without pain. Read More

Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2014 Oct 31;28(7):1088-97. Epub 2014 Jul 31.

Lower Genital Tract and Colposcopy Unit, Division of Gynecology, Hospital Clinicas "Jose de San Martin", University of Buenos Aires 2351 Cordoba Avenue (C1120AAF), Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Electronic address:

In the last few decades, gynecological visits for vulvar conditions have increased, often for symptoms of vulvar itching and burning. Although benign vulvar tumors are an uncommon condition of the lower genital tract, it is important to consider these tumors in the differential diagnosis of vulvar complaints. To date, there is no accepted classification for benign tumors. Read More

J Reprod Med 2014 Jul-Aug;59(7-8):414-6

Background: Periurethral cystic masses, including Skene's duct cyst and urethral diverticula, are rare and are often misdiagnosed for more common vulvovaginal cysts. Given their proximity to the urethra, correct diagnosis is needed for appropriate referral and surgical management to prevent complications, including fistula formation.

Case: A 36-year-old woman was diagnosed by her primary care physician with a Bartholin's gland cyst, which was confirmed on MRI. Read More

Obstet Gynecol 2014 Aug;124(2 Pt 2 Suppl 1):433-5

Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pathology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, California.

Background: Myxoid leiomyosarcomas originating from the Bartholin gland are exceedingly rare. Only one other case of a Bartholin gland myxoid leiomyosarcoma has been reported.

Case: Our patient presented with a 10 cm mass on her vulva, which was presumed to be a Bartholin gland cyst. Read More

Obstet Gynecol 2014 Aug;124(2 Pt 2 Suppl 1):436-8

Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tufts Medical Center, and Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.

Background: Complications after drainage of Bartholin gland abscesses in pregnancy are rare.

Case: A 29-year-old primigravid at 35 weeks of gestation with dichorionic-diamniotic twins underwent Bartholin gland abscess drainage. Afterward, she reported shoulder pain and became febrile. Read More

Eur J Gynaecol Oncol 2014 ;35(3):243-9

Unlabelled: The greater vestibular gland, also called Bartholin's gland after the Danish anatomist Caspar Bartholin the Younger who first described it in the 17th century, is the site of tumours arising from different types of epithelium and characterized by a different clinical course. In the years 1980-2009, 1,296 patients with vulvar carcinoma were treated at the Oncology Centre in Warsaw, Poland and nine of them had carcinoma of Bartholin's gland, including three patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), three patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and three patients with sarcoma. In this paper the authors present the signs and symptoms, clinical course, treatment outcomes, and recurrence of these three malignant tumours of different histopathology. Read More

J Low Genit Tract Dis 2014 Oct;18(4):351-7

1Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ; and 2Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.

Most lesions of the Bartholin gland are cysts or abscesses. Clinicians are taught that lesions of the Bartholin gland occurring in older women should raise the differential diagnosis of malignancy, although these are uncommon. A variety of more unusual and rare lesions of the Bartholin gland have been reported. Read More

J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2014 Apr 15;40(4):1141-4. Epub 2014 Jan 15.

Free University of Brussels, Faculty of Medicine, Brussels, Belgium.

Rectovaginal fistula formation secondary to Bartholin's cyst is a very rare complication, and to date only three cases were reported in the literature. We report a case of a 32-year-old woman who suffered recurrent episodes of Bartholin's cyst infection with subsequent abscess formation that resulted in rectovaginal fistula formation. We treated her initially with transperineal repair; however, the fistulous tract recurred a month later. Read More

Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 2013 Dec;40(4):759-72

Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, 3209 Colonial Drive, Columbia, SC 29203, USA.

Several benign, premalignant, and malignant lesions may arise on the vulva, and multiple types of procedures may be used to diagnose and treat these conditions. Punch and shave biopsies may be used to diagnose most vulvar conditions, but lesions suspected of being melanomas may best be diagnosed with narrow-margin excisional biopsies. Bartholin gland cysts and abscesses may be treated with several different treatment modalities, the most common of which are fistulization and marsupialization. Read More

Ann Ital Chir 2013 Nov 18;84(ePub). Epub 2013 Nov 18.

Background: Tumors arising from glands of the female ano-genital area, such as minor and major vestibular glands, are very rare. Lesions affecting Bartholin's gland can be divided into two groups: benign and malignant lesions. In the first group we can include nodular hyperplasia, adenoma, adenomioma which can sometimes cause Bartholin's gland enlargement and difficult differential diagnosis. Read More

Rare Tumors 2013 9;5(3):e40. Epub 2013 Sep 9.

Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Mc Master University , Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

Cutaneous vulvar carcinomas are predominantly of squamous cell carcinoma type. Primary vulvar adenocarcinomas are rare with a poorly understood histogenesis. They are classified into extramammary Paget's disease, sweat gland carcinomas, and breast-like adenocarcinomas of the vulva. Read More

ANZ J Surg 2014 Sep 29;84(9):686-7. Epub 2013 Oct 29.

Department of Surgery, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India.

Obstet Gynecol 2013 Oct;122(4):794-9

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, and Public Health Services, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel.

Objective: To examine the clinical course and causative microorganisms of Bartholin gland abscesses.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of all patients treated for Bartholin gland abscesses between the years 2006 and 2011 at the Soroka University Medical Center, a regional medical center in southern Israel.

Results: During the study period, 219 women were admitted as a result of an abscess of the Bartholin gland, 63% of which were primary abscesses and 37% recurrent abscesses (occurrence of a second clinical event). Read More

Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2013 15;6(9):1961-3. Epub 2013 Aug 15.

Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science Shiga, Japan.

J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2014 Jan 5;40(1):268-70. Epub 2013 Sep 5.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Medical Faculty, Bolu, Turkey.

The most frequent disorders of the Bartholin glands are cysts or abscesses. Bartholin gland abscesses occur generally as a result of polymicrobial infections or agents that cause sexually transmitted diseases. But as far as we know, no parasite has been previously reported among the infectious agents that are detected from the abscesses of the Bartholin gland. Read More

J Miss State Med Assoc 2013 Jan;54(1):8-10

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Family Health Center, Laurel, Mississippi, USA.

Unlabelled: Vulvar hematomas, while typically occurring following vaginal delivery, are occasionally seen in the nonpregnant patient following perineal trauma. When these, as well as any vulvar mass, are discovered in a postmenopausal woman, concern regarding a neoplasm exists.

Case: A 66-year-old woman was found to have a large vulvar mass which was initially believed to be a Bartholin duct cyst. Read More

Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2013 Mar;52(1):113-6

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.

Objective: Primary adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of Bartholin's gland is a rare gynecologic malignancy. We report two cases from primary treatment to recurrence and the adjuvant treatment.

Case Report: A woman aged 37 years presented with a mass on the right posterior labia minor and underwent right radical hemi-vulvectomy and right-side inguino-femoral node dissection. Read More

Surg Oncol 2013 Jun 14;22(2):117-22. Epub 2013 Mar 14.

Department of Gynecology, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de TOURS, Hôpital Bretonneau, 2 Boulevard Tonnelé, 37044 TOURS, France.

Primary carcinoma of the Bartholin's gland is a very rare malignancy of the vulva. Of the utmost importance in the management of these tumors is the management by specialized gynecological oncologist at referral centres. Gynecologists should always consider these unusual neoplasms as a differential diagnosis of potentially benigns lesions of Bartholin's gland. Read More

Int J Gynecol Cancer 2013 May;23(4):755-62

Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the outcomes of patients undergoing pelvic exenteration (PE) for recurrent gynecologic malignancy.

Methods: A retrospective review using all medical records of 28 consecutive patients who underwent PE between January 2002 and December 2011 at a single institution was conducted. Complications were graded according to Clavien-Dindo. Read More

Brachytherapy 2013 Sep-Oct;12(5):500-7. Epub 2013 Feb 11.

Département de Radio-oncologie, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada. Electronic address:

Purpose: To describe the patterns of use, clinical outcomes, and dose-volume histogram parameters of high-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy (HDR-ISBT) in the management of Bartholin's gland cancer.

Methods And Materials: Five patients with Stage II-III Bartholin's gland carcinoma treated with CT-based HDR-ISBT boost were reviewed. Plans were generated using an inverse planning simulated annealing algorithm. Read More

J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2013 May-Jun;20(3):346-52. Epub 2013 Feb 4.

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Rome "Sapienza", V. le del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy.

Study Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of CO2 laser treatment and parameters correlated with recurrence in patients with Bartholin gland abscesses treated using this approach.

Design: Prospective study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).

Setting: University hospital. Read More

Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet 2012 Dec;34(12):550-4

Ginecology Service of Doutor Alfredo da Costa Maternity, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal.

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness, recurrence rate, and complications of carbon-dioxide laser vaporization in the treatment of Bartholin's gland cysts.

Methods: A retrospective study including 127 patients with symptomatic Bartholin' gland cysts submitted to carbon-dioxide laser vaporization at our institution from January 2005 to June 2011. Patients with Bartholin's gland abscesses and those suspected of having neoplasia were excluded. Read More

Emerg Med Clin North Am 2013 Feb;31(1):207-36

Research Section, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, USA.

Obstetric and gynecologic emergencies are common reasons for emergency department visits. Therefore, emergency physicians must be proficient in the management and treatment of these emergencies. This article reviews critical procedures and provides an overview of each procedure and the indications, contraindications, technique, and potential complications. Read More

Obstet Gynecol 2012 Oct;120(4):798-802

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and the Pelvic Floor Research Group, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-5276, USA.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of Bartholin gland cysts in asymptomatic women serving as control participants who underwent pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as part of research studies. The secondary aim was to investigate potential demographic characteristics associated with Bartholin gland cysts.

Methods: Pelvic MRIs from 430 control participants enrolled in five research projects were evaluated. Read More

J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2012 Sep-Oct;19(5):654-7

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Auburn Hospital, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

Vaginal masses can have numerous different presentations and causes. Physicians can often make an empiric diagnosis of these masses on the basis of their clinical presentation and location. Most of these diagnoses are correct, with the rare exception of the occasional urethral diverticulum or hydrocele. Read More

Radiographics 2012 Jul-Aug;32(4):E129-68

Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 200 Lothrop St, Presby South Tower, Suite 3950, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.

The female perineum is a diamond-shaped structure inferior to the pelvic diaphragm and between the symphysis pubis and coccyx. The perineum is divided into the anterior urogenital triangle and the posterior anal triangle; the vulva represents the external genitalia. A wide array of diseases affect the female perineum in adults. Read More