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Exp Ther Med 2022 Jun 26;23(6):410. Epub 2022 Apr 26.

Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, SE-41346 Gothenburg, Sweden.

The diagnosis of genital lichen sclerosus (LS) is often confirmed by obtaining a skin biopsy, which can lead to unwanted complications and is uncomfortable in the sensitive genital area. Thus, there is a need of finding novel, non-invasive techniques that can rapidly and accurately diagnose LS. The present study investigated the potential for reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) to diagnose LS compared with healthy penile skin and other common penile skin disorders in males. Read More

Vet Med Sci 2022 03 11;8(2):437-444. Epub 2022 Feb 11.

The Ohio State University Veterinary Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.

Objectives: To describe a novel technique for partial anatomic penile amputation using a thoracoabdominal stapler in dogs and to report any associated short-term peri-operative complications and clinical outcomes associated with the procedure.

Materials And Methods: Medical records from a tertiary referral hospital were reviewed for dogs undergoing penile amputation and scrotal urethrostomy between October 2007 and December 2019. Data collected included patient signalment, clinical signs on presentation, indication for penile amputation, surgical technique, duration of surgery, post-operative complications, and short-term outcome. Read More

Indian J Sex Transm Dis AIDS 2021 Jul-Dec;42(2):144-149. Epub 2021 Sep 24.

Department of Dermatology, Maulana Azad Medical College, Delhi, India.

Background: Worldwide, a steady rise in the incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the elderly has been reported and is attributed to aging, unsafe sexual practices, and delayed health-care seeking behavior, leading to a delayed diagnosis and persistence of infection in the community. The aim of this study was to assess the demographic profile, risk factors, and clinical pattern of geriatric STIs.

Aims: The aim of the study was to assess the demographic profile, risk factors, and clinical pattern of STIs among patients aged ≥60 years presenting to the STI clinic in the dermatology outpatient department at a large tertiary care hospital in New Delhi, over a period of 6 years. Read More

Int J Dermatol 2021 Nov 26. Epub 2021 Nov 26.

Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Balanitis is classically defined as inflammation of the glans penis, often also encompassing the prepuce (balanoposthitis). Several investigations have found that a sizable proportion of urology clinic visits are due to balanitis or related complaints. Balanitis can have numerous complications, including severe pain, urethral stenosis, phimosis, sexual dysfunction, and if untreated, malignancy. Read More

Indian J Sex Transm Dis AIDS 2021 Jan-Jun;42(1):1-6. Epub 2021 May 3.

Department of Skin and VD, SBKS Medical Institute and Research Centre, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.

Role of male circumcision (MC) as a tool to prevent sexually transmitted infections (STIs)/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was assessed. An attempt was made to search articles related to association between MC and STIs/HIV. A thorough search was carried out to find out quality articles published in indexed specialty journals. Read More

Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd 2021 Nov;164(11):791-796

Klinik für Rinder, Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover.

Introduction: Therapy of a high-grade balanoposthitis with partial penile and preputial prolapse after unsuccessful initial therapy of a ten-year-old dexter bull. Two punctures, about 1 cm depth were found at the base of the prolapsed tissue, which were probably caused by partially perforating U-stitches by the local veterinarian. The highly inflamed and swollen tissue disabled the penis to retract. Read More

J Chin Med Assoc 2022 01;85(1):95-101

Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the presence of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in patients with penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC).

Methods: CTCs were isolated from 14 patients with PSCC, 6 patients with balanoposthitis, and 6 healthy individuals. CTCs were enriched based on cell surface markers and filtered through the IsoFlux device, followed by identification according to cell morphology and immunofluorescence studies. Read More

Asian J Androl 2022 Mar-Apr;24(2):219-220

Dermatology Department, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Seville 41013, Spain.

Braz J Microbiol 2021 Dec 6;52(4):2529-2534. Epub 2021 Aug 6.

Laboratório de Imunobiológicos e Virologia Animal, Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Viçosa, MG, 36570-000, Brazil.

Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) is a pathogen causing respiratory and reproductive clinical signs in cattle. Infected animals may develop rhinotracheitis, vulvovaginitis, balanoposthitis, and abortion. Viral latency is generally established in neuronal ganglia simultaneously to a decrease in both genes or genome expression and viral replication. Read More

J Family Med Prim Care 2021 Jun 2;10(6):2265-2271. Epub 2021 Jul 2.

Department of Dermatology, S. R. M Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Potheri, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.

Background: Balanoposthitis is defined as an inflammatory condition of glans penis and prepuce. There are wide variety of etiologies including both infectious and noninfectious conditions. This study attempts to throw light on information regarding clinical and microbiological aspects of balanoposthitis. Read More

J Paediatr Child Health 2021 Dec 2;57(12):1960-1965. Epub 2021 Jul 2.

Department of Urology and Laboratory of Pelvic Floor Muscle Function, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of topical steroid (0.1% mometasone furoate) therapy and factors affecting long-term outcome of paediatric severe phimosis in China.

Methods: A total of 1550 patients with severe phimosis classified by Kikiros system were prospectively enrolled in the study from January 2016 to February 2020. Read More

Acta Derm Venereol 2021 May 26;101(5):adv00466. Epub 2021 May 26.

Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China.

Balanoposthitis is a common inflammatory condition of male genitalia, while the overall microbiota spectrum and its relevance to contributing factors have yet to be determined. This case-control study included patients with balanoposthitis (n = 26) and matched healthy controls (n = 29), both uncircumcised. Overt fungal infection in balanoposthitis was excluded, swab samples were collected, 16S rRNA gene sequenced and analysed. Read More

Clin Exp Dermatol 2021 Oct 9;46(7):1340-1342. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Department of, Internal Diseases, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia.

Int J STD AIDS 2021 09 29;32(10):957-962. Epub 2021 Apr 29.

Male Genital Dermatology (Urodermatology) Unit, 226552Hospital de Clínicas "Dr Manuel Quintela", Montevideo, Uruguay.

The role of circumcision in partially protecting against sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and other dermatoses has been documented. Neonatal circumcision is not routinely practiced in South America. Although it is logical to assume that male genital dermatoses are more prevalent in Hispanic men, they are underrepresented in the existing literature. Read More

Indian J Sex Transm Dis AIDS 2020 Jul-Dec;41(2):176-180. Epub 2020 Jul 31.

Department of Dermatology Venereology and Leprology, Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab, India.

Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are dynamic and show a variable prevalence in different parts of the country. Moreover, the prevalence changes with time in the same geographical area. It is important to have the knowledge of current trend of STIs and partner notification (PN) rate in a particular area for the effective implementation of preventive and control measures. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021 03 31;3:CD012250. Epub 2021 Mar 31.

Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.

Background: Medical circumcisions are among the most common surgical procedures performed in males. The usual indications are phimosis (inability to completely retract the foreskin and expose the glans due to a congenital or acquired constriction of the prepuce), paraphimosis (when the foreskin is not pulled back over the glans after retraction resulting in a tight constricting band which causes swelling of the distal penis and acute discomfort), balanoposthitis (erythema and edema of the prepuce and glans) and balanitis (inflammation is confined to the glans; the foreskin is usually non-retractile). Circumcision devices have been developed to shorten the operative time, simplify techniques, and improve safety and cosmetic outcomes. Read More

IJU Case Rep 2021 Mar 12;4(2):101-103. Epub 2021 Jan 12.

Department of Urology Faculty of Medicine Saga University Nabeshima Saga Japan.

Introduction: Men who require intermittent catheterization may be susceptible to balanoposthitis. Benzalkonium chloride is commonly used to disinfect reusable catheters, but the concentration of this solution is critical.

Case Presentation: A 40-year-old man presented with fever, pus around the glans and foreskin, and difficult catheterization. Read More

Aust Vet J 2021 Mar 13;99(3):89-92. Epub 2020 Dec 13.

School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, 4343, Australia.

Male guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus), especially older animals, are prone to urethritis and posthitis. Severe, chronic balanoposthitis/posthitis can result in fibrosis, localised infection and the deposition of mineralised plaques in the prepuce. Severe cases may require surgical intervention, such as penile amputation and urethrostomy, to achieve resolution. Read More

J Virol Methods 2021 03 10;289:114041. Epub 2020 Dec 10.

Institute of Virology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.

As the causative agent of Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) and Infectious Pustular Vulvovaginitis/Balanoposthitis (IPV/IPB), Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) is responsible for high economic losses in the cattle industry worldwide. This study aimed to establish a fast, colorimetric loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the detection of viral DNA. Phenol red is used as pH-sensitive readout, relying on a distinct color change from pink to yellow in case of a positive reaction. Read More

J Comp Pathol 2020 Oct 8;180:5-8. Epub 2020 Sep 8.

Setor de Patologia Veterinária, Departamento de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.

We describe a case of penile tuberculosis in a bull. The prepuce was thickened, firm and pale with multifocal to coalescent caseous nodules, and the inguinal and mesenteric lymph nodes were moderately enlarged. Lesions in the prepuce, penis and lymph nodes were characterized by multifocal to coalescent areas of caseous necrosis and marked granulomatous inflammation. Read More

Acta Virol 2020 ;64(4):409-416

Herpesviruses are DNA viruses that cause serious latent infections in humans and animals. These pathogens significantly influence the animal health and economy of animal husbandry. The reduction of production parameters, abortions, birth of weak individuals and by costs associated with the elimination and monitoring of herpesvirus diseases are among the most serious harms caused by herpesviruses. Read More

J Pediatr Urol 2020 Dec 25;16(6):842.e1-842.e6. Epub 2020 Aug 25.

Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, Cnopfsche Kinderklinik, St. Johannis-Mühlgasse 19, 90419, Nürnberg, Germany. Electronic address:

Background: Acute urinary retention is a common emergency in adult patients, foremost in older men. In childhood urinary retention is a rare entity with only sparse literature on the etiology.

Objective: To assess the etiology and treatment of acute urinary retention in the pediatric population and assess age and sex distribution. Read More

IDCases 2020 20;21:e00832. Epub 2020 May 20.

Department of Dermatology, JR Tokyo General Hospital, Japan.

The main causative organism of balanoposthitis in sexually active adolescents is reportedly the group B hemolytic streptococcus. While cases of balanoposthitis caused by group A streptococcal infection in children have been reported, their occurrence in the adolescent age group is relatively rare. We describe a case of balanoposthitis caused by (group A streptococcus) in a 31-year-old man who presented to the hospital with complaints of pain and swelling in his penile foreskin for the past 6 days. Read More

Curr Urol 2020 Mar 20;14(1):1-13. Epub 2020 Mar 20.

East and North Hertfordshire NHS Trust, Department of Urology, Lister Hospital, Stevenage.

Background: It is estimated that between 50 and 89% of non-gonococcal urethritis is not caused by . Associations between non-chlamydial non-gonococcal urethritis (NCNGU) with balanoposthitis, epididymo-orchitis and reactive arthritis have been suggested, but evidence to support these often-theoretical relationships is sparse and further investigation is called for. Concerns over increasing antimicrobial resistance has rendered the need for clarity over this question ever more pressing in recent years. Read More

Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2019 Jan-Dec;33:2058738419866582

Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a widespread disease in our country. Urogenital infections, including urinary tract infections, vaginitis, balanitis, balanoposthitis, and male accessory gland infections, show a higher risk of occurrence in patients with DM that non-diabetic subjects. Both non-drug-related and drug-related mechanisms are involved in their pathogenesis. Read More

Arch Esp Urol 2019 Dec;72(10):1056-1057

Clinica del Pilar de Zaragoza. Zaragoza. España.

Virus Res 2019 11 6;273:197742. Epub 2019 Sep 6.

University of Florida, 2187 Mowry Road, 32611, Gainesville, Florida, USA. Electronic address:

An adult male harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) stranded off the coast of Alaska displaying poor body condition, scattered mild ulcerative dermatitis, and necrotizing balanoposthitis. Necropsy findings included severe verminous panniculitis, pneumonia, hepatitis, and enteritis. Histopathological examination of skin lesions revealed a pustular epidermitis and dermatitis, with ballooning degeneration of keratinocytes and occasional amphophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies. Read More

J Pediatr Urol 2019 Aug 28;15(4):388.e1-388.e5. Epub 2019 Apr 28.

Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA; CHOC Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Phimosis is a common condition affecting most infant boys and generally resolves over time without symptoms. Severe cases of phimosis can lead to balanoposthitis, urinary tract infections, and urinary retention. Medical treatment for symptomatic phimosis includes topical corticosteroids with manual foreskin retraction. Read More

J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2019 04;17(4):456-458

Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Universitätsklinikum Halle (Saale), Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale).