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Br Dent J 2020 Jun;228(12):971-975

Orthodontics, Cambridge University Hospital Trust, Cambridge, CB1 00Q, UK.

On 30 January 2020, the World Health Organisation identified COVID-19, caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2, to be a global emergency. The risk factors already identified for developing complications from a COVID-19 infection are age, gender and comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, obesity and cardiovascular disease. These risk factors, however, do not account for the other 52% of deaths arising from COVID-19 in often seemingly healthy individuals. Read More

GMS Infect Dis 2020 26;8:Doc14. Epub 2020 Mar 26.

Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Germany.

This is the sixth chapter of the guideline "Calculated initial parenteral treatment of bacterial infections in adults - update 2018" in the 2 updated version. The German guideline by the Paul-Ehrlich-Gesellschaft für Chemotherapie e.V. Read More

J Family Med Prim Care 2020 Feb 28;9(2):759-763. Epub 2020 Feb 28.

Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Rama Dental College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Context: Dental personals are more prone to acquire infections through saliva and aerosols. Surgical masks (SMs) are used by dental professionals to reduce microorganism shedding from the mouth, nose, and face of the patient.

Aims: This aim of the study is to assess the bacterial and fungal presence and their prevalence over the contaminated surgical mask in dental practice. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 Apr;99(15):e19698

Department of Stomatology North Sichuan Medical College.

Background: Periodontal bacteria is the major pathogens in the oral cavity and the main cause of adult chronic periodontitis, but their association with incidence and prognosis in cancer is controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of periodontal bacteria infection on incidence and prognosis of cancer.

Methods: A systematic literature search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases was performed to obtain 39 studies comprising 7184 participants. Read More

PeerJ 2020 3;8:e8878. Epub 2020 Apr 3.

Shenzhen Kuichong People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.

Background: infection is a significant burden to the public health in China as it can lead to various gastric diseases including peptic ulcers and gastric cancer. Since most infections occurred during childhood, it is therefore necessary to understand the prevalence and risk determinants of this bacterial infection in children. Herewith, we conducted a cross-sectional study in the Kuichong Subdistrict of Shenzhen City to assess the prevalence and risk factors of infection among children. Read More

Rev Prat 2019 Oct;69(8):850-855

Service de stomatologie et chirurgie maxillofaciale, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.

Benign pathologies of the oral mucosa. An overview of some common benign oral diseases whose diagnostic orientation begins and is based primarily on a precise clinical analysis. Canker sores and benign traumatic ulcers must not make a novice carcinoma go unnoticed. Read More

Clin Dermatol 2020 Jan - Feb;38(1):35-41. Epub 2019 Oct 25.

Sector of Dermatology and Post-Graduation Course in Dermatology, University Hospital and School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Electronic address:

A rash is a disseminated eruption of cutaneous lesions with great variation in appearance, cause, and severity. When the physician is facing a rash, the history and physical examination of the patient are extremely important for the identification of the disease and its causal agent. There are various causes for a rash, which may be infectious, allergic, or rheumatologic, besides many others. Read More

NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2019 03 18;5(1):11. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Department of Periodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.

Years of human microbiome research have confirmed that microbes rarely live or function alone, favoring diverse communities. Yet most experimental host-pathogen studies employ single species models of infection. Here, the influence of three-species oral microbial consortium on growth, virulence, invasion and persistence in dendritic cells (DCs) was examined experimentally in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) and in patients with periodontitis (PD). Read More

PLoS Pathog 2020 03 9;16(3):e1008348. Epub 2020 Mar 9.

Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.

Disruption of the intestinal microbiota caused by intensive chemotherapy, irradiation and antibiotics can result in development of severe gut graft-versus-host disease and infectious complications, leading to poorer outcomes among allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) recipients. Although the oral cavity is also densely colonized by indigenous microorganisms, the bacterial composition in allo-HSCT recipients remains unclear. We determined the tongue microbiota composition of 45 patients with hematological disorders on the day of transplantation and compared them to 164 community-dwelling adults. Read More

J Dent Res 2020 Jun 6;99(6):597-603. Epub 2020 Mar 6.

Biofilm Research Laboratory, Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Biofilms are structured microbial communities adhered to surfaces that cause many human infections. The study of oral biofilms has revealed complex composition, spatial organization, and phenotypic/genotypic diversity of the resident microbiota at the various sites in the mouth. Yet, knowledge about the spatial arrangement, positioning, and function of the polymicrobial community across the intact biofilm architecture remains sparse. Read More

Am Fam Physician 2020 03;101(5):294-300

Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.

Upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is defined as hemorrhage from the mouth to the ligament of Treitz. Common risk factors for upper GI bleeding include prior upper GI bleeding, anticoagulant use, high-dose nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use, and older age. Causes of upper GI bleeding include peptic ulcer bleeding, gastritis, esophagitis, variceal bleeding, Mallory-Weiss syndrome, and cancer. Read More

Ann Hematol 2020 Apr 21;99(4):847-853. Epub 2020 Feb 21.

Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology & Internal Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.

Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGvHD) remains the most relevant factor affecting survival after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT). Besides corticosteroids (and ibrutinib in the USA), there is no established therapy for cGvHD. Tocilizumab, a humanized IgG1 IL6-receptor antibody, has shown efficacy in acute GvHD and cGvHD. Read More

PLoS One 2020 21;15(2):e0229375. Epub 2020 Feb 21.

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.

The ability of Streptococcus gordonii to cope with oxidative stress is important for survival and persistence in dental plaque. In this study, we used mutational, phenotypic, and biochemical approaches to characterize the role of a methionine sulfoxide reductase (MsrAB) and proteins encoded by genes in the msrAB operon and an adjacent operon in oxidative stress tolerance in S. gordonii. Read More

Bull Tokyo Dent Coll 2020 Mar 20;61(1):1-7. Epub 2020 Feb 20.

Department of Oral Pathobiological Science and Surgery, Tokyo Dental College.

During dissection for oral cancer, there is a high probability of bacteria indigenous to the oral cavity migrating to the surgical field in the neck due to the opening of new pathways of communication with the oral cavity. The risk of postoperative surgical site infection (SSI) in such patients is high due to malnutrition arising from perioperative eating disorders and dysphagia. Neck infections after neck dissection in oral cancer patients were investigated to elucidate the development of SSIs and their relationship with the results of bacterial culture. Read More

Braz Oral Res 2020 10;34:e012. Epub 2020 Feb 10.

Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, School of Dentistry, Department of Stomatology, Goiania, GO, Brazil.

Lipoproteins are important bacterial immunostimulating molecules capable of inducing receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANKL) and osteoclast formation in vitro and in vivo . Although these molecules are present in periodontopathogenic bacteria, their role in periodontitis is not known. In this study, we used Pam2CSK4 (PAM2), a synthetic molecule that mimics bacterial lipoprotein, to investigate the effects of lipoproteins on periodontitis in mice. Read More

Int J Infect Dis 2020 Apr 23;93:160-162. Epub 2020 Jan 23.

Department of Infectious Disease, CHU Hôtel Dieu, Nantes, France; CIC 1413, INSERM, France. Electronic address:

Ludwig's angina has been known for two centuries as a rapidly and frequently fatal progressive gangrenous cellulitis or necrotizing fasciitis of the neck and the floor of the mouth. The management of the usually young patients affected requires a trained team combining medical skills in surgery, antibiotic therapy, and resuscitation. The prognosis is directly related to early surgical debridement and the experience of the team managing these patients. Read More

PLoS Pathog 2020 01 17;16(1):e1008114. Epub 2020 Jan 17.

Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States of America.

Infection by Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is necessary for the development of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), which most often develops in HIV-infected individuals. KS frequently has oral manifestations and KSHV DNA can be detected in oral cells. Numerous types of cancer are associated with the alteration of microbiome including bacteria and virus. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2019 18;2019:6154867. Epub 2019 Dec 18.

Laboratory of Immunology and Virology, School of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Pedro de Alba and Manuel L. Barragán St., Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, N.L., Monterrey, 66450, Mexico.

The presence of in the oral cavity has been associated to the failure of antimicrobial therapy in patients with gastrointestinal infection and the development of oral diseases. However, it has been reported that the maintenance of good oral hygiene can improve the therapeutic success rates, where the use of mouthwashes with anti- activity would help to achieve it. The aim was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of OxOral® mouthwash against and its effect on biofilm formation. Read More

J Vet Dent 2019 Sep;36(3):171-178

Department of Clinical Veterinary Studies, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, Scotland, United Kingdom.

Thirty-nine equine cheek teeth diagnosed as having anachoretic apical infections and also having occlusal fissure fractures, but without occlusal pulpar exposure, that had been orally extracted without causing occlusal damage and 10 control teeth were used in this study. The teeth were individually imaged by computed tomography, occlusally stained with methylene blue and visually reexamined, then sectioned subocclusally at 5 mm intervals until the fissure fractures could no longer be detected. A limited histological study was then performed on 7 apically infected and 5 control teeth. Read More

PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020 01 6;14(1):e0007950. Epub 2020 Jan 6.

Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America.

The goal of this study was to characterize how natural routes of infection affect the kinetics of pathogenic Leptospira dissemination to blood and kidney. C3H/HeJ mice were sublethally infected with L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni FioCruz L1-130 (Leptospira) through exposure of a dermis wound and through oral and nasal mucosa, in comparison to uninfected mice and to mice infected via standard intraperitoneal inoculation. Read More

BMC Pulm Med 2019 Dec 23;19(1):260. Epub 2019 Dec 23.

Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan.

Background: The emergence of multi-drug resistant pathogens is an urgent health-related problem, and the appropriate use of antibiotics is imperative. It is often difficult to identify the causative bacteria in patients with aspiration pneumonia because tracheal aspirate contains contaminants of oral bacteria. We investigated the dynamics of microbiota in mechanically ventilated patients with aspiration pneumonia to develop a treatment strategy. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Dec;98(50):e18289

Department of Infectious Diseases.

Introduction: More than 1200 different types of microbes were found in the human mouth, only some of these microorganisms were associated with intracranial bacterial infection. However, there are limited data available about the Pseudoramibacter alactolyticus (P alactolyticus) or Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) intracranial infections oral origin.

Patient Concerns: Here, we reported a rarely case with P alactolyticus and MTB coinfection in central nervous after dental extraction. Read More

Acta Med Port 2019 Dec 2;32(12):776-781. Epub 2019 Dec 2.

Serviço de Dermatovenereologia. Hospital de Santa Maria. Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Lisboa Norte. Lisboa. Clínica Universitária de Dermatologia. Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa. Lisboa. Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical. Universidade Nova de Lisboa. Portugal.

Over the last few decades, behavioral changes in sexual practices have made oral transmission of traditional sexually transmissible infections increasingly recognized. Patients harboring a sexually transmissible infection may first present lesions on the oral cavity, as these may be visible and interfere with basic functions such as speech or swallowing. Moreover, the oral cavity may function as a reservoir for future spread of these infections. Read More

Dis Mon 2020 Jul 6;66(7):100918. Epub 2019 Dec 6.

College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, Utah, United States. Electronic address:

The present review summarizes the current updates on dental perspectives on leprosy and the affording factors that are responsible for the prevalence of caries and periodontal diseases in leprosy. It also highlights immunopathological phenomena and reactional episodes of leprosy that occur due to daedal interactions between the perio-odontopathic bacteria and M. leprae. Read More

BMC Oral Health 2019 12 5;19(1):275. Epub 2019 Dec 5.

Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Background: Microbial culture-based investigations of inflamed tonsil tissues have previously indicated enrichment of several microorganisms such as Streptococcus, Staphylococcus and Prevotella. These taxa were also largely reflected in DNA sequencing studies performed using tissue material. In comparison, less is known about the response of the overall oral cavity microbiota to acute tonsillitis despite their role in human health and evidence showing that their compositions are correlated with diseases such as oral cancers. Read More

Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2019 Dec;156(6):735-744

Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany; Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany.

Introduction: In this pilot study, we aimed to determine qualitative and quantitative microbiological changes after the implementation of orthodontic appliances.

Methods: A total of 10 healthy patients aged 12-15 years were recruited who needed to undergo orthodontic treatment with buccal fixed appliances. Gingival conditions were assessed by the Gingival Index, Periodontal Screening Index, and Sulcus Bleeding Index. Read More

Int Dent J 2020 Jun 27;70(3):167-175. Epub 2019 Nov 27.

Department of Oral Health Promotion, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.

Objectives: To obtain basic data on dental caries and gingival status of students in Myanmar, and to identify related risk indicators, including socioeconomic conditions and oral health behaviours and habits.

Study Design: This cross-sectional study enrolled 537 fifth-grade students in Myanmar. Oral health behaviours and dietary patterns of students were assessed using questionnaires. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2019 Nov 22;20(23). Epub 2019 Nov 22.

Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université Côte d'Azur, EA 7354 MICORALIS (Microbiologie Orale, Immunothérapie et Santé), 06357 Nice, France.

The oral cavity contributes to overall health, psychosocial well-being and quality of human life. Oral inflammatory diseases represent a major global health problem with significant social and economic impact. The development of effective therapies, therefore, requires deeper insights into the etiopathogenesis of oral diseases. Read More

Pol Merkur Lekarski 2019 Oct;47(280):123-127

Department of Medicine, Finnmarkssykehuset Hospital Trust, Hammerfest, Norway.

The possible connection between oral health and overall health has been a subject of debate among medical practitioners and theoreticians for millenia.

Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of bacterial or fungal mouth infections in myocardial infarction patients treated with primary coronary intervention.

Materials And Methods: A total of 128 patients took part in the study (68 patients in the study group and 60 in the control group). Read More

Dent Clin North Am 2020 01 10;64(1):87-104. Epub 2019 Oct 10.

University of The West Indies, Kigston, Jamaica. Electronic address:

A variety of diseases ranging from obstructions, infections, to benign and malignant tumors occur in salivary glands. The most common problem is painful blockage of ducts by stones that prevents drainage of saliva. Sialadenitis can be due to either infectious or noninfectious factors. Read More

Adv Exp Med Biol 2019 ;1197:119-141

Biofilm Research Laboratory, Department of Orthodontics and Divisions of Pediatric Dentistry and Community Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Oral cavity harbors a complex and highly diverse microbial community. Cross-kingdom interactions between Candida and oral bacteria are critical for their co-existence, which may also affect the course and the severity of biofilm-mediated bacterial-mediated diseases. C. Read More

Adv Exp Med Biol 2019 ;1197:69-78

Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA.

Candida albicans is an opportunistic pathogen colonizing the oropharyngeal, esophageal, and gastrointestinal mucosa in most healthy humans. In immunocompromised hosts, this fungal organism can cause mucosal candidiasis in these sites. C. Read More

Fish Shellfish Immunol 2019 Dec 6;95:650-658. Epub 2019 Nov 6.

Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7803, N-5006, Bergen, Norway.

Two monovalent vaccines against pasteurellosis were developed and tested for efficacy using a previously established bath challenge model. High levels of specific antibodies were detected following vaccination. While the vaccine efficacy trial indicated that some level of protection was obtained, high mortality was still observed. Read More

J Breath Res 2019 12 16;14(1):016010. Epub 2019 Dec 16.

Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Infections by oral pathogens are one of the most common health problems worldwide. Due to the intimate connection between exhaled breath and the oral cavity, breath analysis could potentially be used to diagnose these infections. However, little is known about the volatile emissions of important oral pathogens that are connected with gingivitis and periodontitis. Read More

PLoS Pathog 2019 11 7;15(11):e1008124. Epub 2019 Nov 7.

Department of Preventive Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita-Osaka, Japan.

Porphyromonas gingivalis is a major pathogen in severe and chronic manifestations of periodontal disease, which is one of the most common infections of humans. A central feature of P. gingivalis pathogenicity is dysregulation of innate immunity at the gingival epithelial interface; however, the molecular basis underlying P. Read More

Int J Nanomedicine 2019 28;14:6937-6956. Epub 2019 Aug 28.

Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.

Oral diseases such as tooth caries, periodontal diseases, endodontic infections, etc., are prevalent worldwide. The heavy burden of oral infectious diseases and their consequences on the patients' quality of life indicates a strong need for developing effective therapies. Read More

Int J Med Sci 2019 7;16(10):1320-1327. Epub 2019 Sep 7.

Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China.

is a pivotal periodontal pathogen, and the epithelial cells serve as the first physical barrier to defend the host from bacterial attack. Within this host-bacteria interaction, can modify the host immune reaction and adjust the gene expression, which is associated with periodontitis pathogenesis and developing strategies. Herein, a meta-analysis was made to get the differential gene expression profiles in epithelial cells with or without infection. Read More

Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020 02;201(4):445-457

Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine and.

Mechanisms of HIV-associated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are poorly understood. The oral microbiome shapes the lung microbiome, and gut dysbiosis can affect lung diseases; however, relationships of the oral and gut microbiome to COPD in HIV have not been explored. To examine alterations in the oral and gut microbiome associated with pulmonary disease in persons with HIV (PWH). Read More

Immunol Lett 2019 12 31;216:79-88. Epub 2019 Oct 31.

National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, Ganeshkhind, SP Pune University Campus, Pune 411007, India. Electronic address:

Microbiota consists of commensal, symbiotic and pathogenic microorganisms found in all multicellular organisms. These micro-organisms are found in or on many parts of the body, including the intestinal tract, skin, mouth, and the reproductive tract. This review focuses on interplay of site specific microbiota, vector microbiota along with immune response and severity of Leishmaniasis. Read More

Sex Transm Dis 2019 12;46(12):819

From the Department of Dermatology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019 Nov 21;19(11):1136-1140. Epub 2019 Oct 21.

Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.

Aim: The importance of oral care has been recognized for the prevention of airway infections in older individuals who require long-term care. The present prospective cohort study was carried out a decade ago to identify risk factors with numerous intraoral conditions as possible predictors involved in the onset of pneumonia and acute viral respiratory infection (AVRI) in older people requiring long-term care during a 6-month follow-up period (including winter).

Methods: This study included 1785 older individuals residing in 31 long-term care facilities in which dental hygienists were involved in instruction on daily oral care. Read More

Infect Genet Evol 2020 01 18;77:104044. Epub 2019 Oct 18.

Programa de Pós-Graduação Biologia Parasitária na Amazônia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Rua do Una 156, Telégrafo, Belém, Pará, 66 050-540, Brazil; Seção de Bacteriologia e Micologia, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Rodovia BR-316 km 7 s/n, Levilândia, Ananindeua, Pará 67030-000, Brazil. Electronic address:

Mycobacterium bovis is the main causative agent of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) being among the animal-adapted Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. Herds can also be infected with non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) causing a negative effect on the economy and on animal and human health through zoonotic infections. Molecular tools are required for mycobacteria identification; thus, it is laborious to determine the epidemiological information of mycobacteria among herds. Read More

Pediatr Infect Dis J 2019 11;38(11):1113-1114

Departments of Pediatrics and of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.

The frequency of permanent staining of teeth of young children from doxycycline is thought to be lower than from older tetracyclines, but the precise risk is uncertain. Until more definitive data become available, doxycycline should not be used routinely to treat young children with erythema migrans, a manifestation of Lyme disease for which other antimicrobials are highly effective. Read More

Future Microbiol 2019 09;14:1207-1220

Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP 13414 903, Brazil.

To evaluate antimicrobial activity of a new nitrochalcone (NC-E08) against and , and its toxicity. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration/minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) were determined against and , as well as antibiofilm potential and toxicity (human gingival fibroblast and ). Infection and treatment were performed in . Read More

Oral Dis 2020 Jan 13;26(1):234-237. Epub 2019 Nov 13.

The Center for Visiting Dental Service, Fukuoka Dental College Medical and Dental General Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.

Objective: To investigate associated risk factors for oral candidiasis in elderly patients hospitalized in a community-based acute-care hospital with no dental units.

Methods: Two hundred and twenty-eight elderly patients (male: 105, female: 123), who were hospitalized with several systemic diseases in a community-based acute-care hospital from May 2014 to October 2016, were retrospectively analysed by multiple logistic regression.

Results: Multiple logistic regression analysis shows that bacterial pneumonia has a statistically strong relationship with oral candidiasis (p = 0. Read More

J Investig Clin Dent 2019 Nov 13;10(4):e12460. Epub 2019 Oct 13.

Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.

Aim: Randomized controlled trials might be reporting a higher postoperative infection rate for third molar surgery compared to other study designs due to unclear criteria for the classification of "infections". The aim of the present retrospective study was to assess the infection rate after third molar surgery with and without postoperative antibiotic prescription.

Methods: Case records of patients who underwent third molar extractions at the Prince Philip Dental Hospital in Hong Kong between 3 July 2012 and 22 June 2017 were evaluated retrospectively. Read More

Niger J Clin Pract 2019 Oct;22(10):1378-1387

Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.

Objective: The objective was to determine the antibacterial activity of Salvadora persica extract against bacteria isolated from dental plaque of patients.

Materials And Methods: Out of 40 different clinical specimens collected from patients suffering from plaque-induced gingivitis, 12 Staphylococcus aureus and 8 Streptococcus sp. isolates were recovered. Read More

Int J Oral Sci 2019 10 1;11(3):28. Epub 2019 Oct 1.

State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China.

Effective control of oral biofilm infectious diseases represents a major global challenge. Microorganisms in biofilms exhibit increased drug tolerance compared with planktonic cells. The present review covers innovative antimicrobial strategies for controlling oral biofilm-related infections published predominantly over the past 5 years. Read More

PLoS One 2019 27;14(9):e0222589. Epub 2019 Sep 27.

Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan.

The alteration of the microbial community in the upper respiratory tract (URT) can contribute to the colonization and invasion of respiratory pathogens. However, there are no studies regarding whether the characteristics of the URT microbiota can be affected by infections in lower respiratory tract (LRT). To elucidate the microbial profiles of the URT during pneumonia, the oral, nasal, and lung microbiota was evaluated at the early phase in a murine pneumonia model by direct intratracheal inoculation of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Read More

Dent Mater 2019 11 21;35(11):1665-1681. Epub 2019 Sep 21.

Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.

Objective: Periodontal tissue destruction and tooth loss are increasingly a worldwide problem as the population ages. Periodontitis is caused by bacterial infection and biofilm plaque buildup. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to: (1) develop a near-infrared light (NIR)-triggered core-shell nanostructure of upconversion nanoparticles and TiO (UCNPs@TiO), and (2) investigate its inhibitory effects via antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) against periodontitis-related pathogens. Read More