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Int J Mol Sci 2022 Jun 16;23(12). Epub 2022 Jun 16.

Université Paris Cité, CNRS, ITODYS, F-75013 Paris, France.

causes the most common sexually transmitted bacterial infection and trachoma, an eye infection. Untreated infections can lead to sequelae, such as infertility and ectopic pregnancy in women and blindness. We previously enhanced the antichlamydial activity of the fluoroquinolone ciprofloxacin by grafting a metal chelating moiety onto it. Read More

Urol Case Rep 2022 Sep 9;44:102126. Epub 2022 Jun 9.

Urology Department FSI Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia.

Acute pyelonephritis is the most common bacterial infection during pregnancy. If not diagnosed and treated promptly, it can lead to serious maternal and fetal complications. In the literature, a few cases of perirenal abscess complicating acute pyelonephritis during pregnancy have been reported. Read More

Gynecol Obstet Invest 2022 Jun 22. Epub 2022 Jun 22.

Objectives: to evaluate the possible relationship between cultural specimens and preterm birth in women admitted for threatened preterm labour. Preterm birth is the leading cause of neonatal mortality and antenatal hospitalization: several risk factors including intrauterine infections have been identified but its real causes remain poorly understood.

Design: retrospective, multicentre, cohort study including 250 women admitted for threatened preterm labour. Read More

BMJ Open 2022 Jun 21;12(6):e058003. Epub 2022 Jun 21.

CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.

Objectives: Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is an urgent notifiable disease and its early notification is essential to prevent cases. The objective of the study was to assess the sensitivity of two independent surveillance systems and to estimate the incidence of IMD.

Design: We used capture-recapture model based on two independent surveillance systems, the statutory disease reporting (SDR) system and the microbiological reporting system (MRS) of the Public Health Agency of Catalonia, between 2011 and 2015. Read More

BMC Womens Health 2022 06 20;22(1):244. Epub 2022 Jun 20.

Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Background: Bacterial vaginosis, BV, is a common inflammatory vaginal dysbiosis. The Mediterranean diet, MD, containing foods rich in antioxidant compounds, is shown to be beneficial for inflammatory conditions. This study aimed to investigate the association between MD adherence and dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) with BV. Read More

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022 Jun 20;22(1):501. Epub 2022 Jun 20.

NHC Key Lab. of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Fudan University, 400020, Shanghai, China.

Background: Reproductive tract infections can cause serious adverse outcomes for pregnant women such as spontaneous abortion and preterm birth. However, it is unclear whether maternal reproductive tract infection before pregnancy would also be related to any adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study aims to investigate the association of maternal preconception reproductive tract infections with subsequent adverse pregnancy outcomes. Read More

Sci Rep 2022 Jun 16;12(1):10148. Epub 2022 Jun 16.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Ewha Medical Research Institute, Ewha Womans University, 1071, Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985, Korea.

Ureaplasma and Prevotella infections are well-known bacteria associated with preterm birth. However, with the development of metagenome sequencing techniques, it has been found that not all Ureaplasma and Prevotella colonizations cause preterm birth. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between Ureaplasma and Prevotella colonization with the induction of preterm birth even in the presence of Lactobacillus. Read More

Infect Dis Poverty 2022 Jun 15;11(1):68. Epub 2022 Jun 15.

Capital Institute of Pediatrics, No. 2 Yabao Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China.

Background: The number of HIV-positive pregnant women accounted for about 10% of China's total over the past few years in Liangshan Prefecture, Sichuan province in China. Although cost-effectiveness of the PMTCT of HIV have been evaluated in other previous studies, no specific study has been conducted in Liangshan prefecture, nor has the expenses paid individually by HIV-positive pregnant women been included. The purpose of this study was to evaluate both the short-term and long-term cost-effectiveness of PMTCT of HIV in Liangshan Prefecture from the social perspective. Read More

Sci Transl Med 2022 Jun 15;14(649):eabl3981. Epub 2022 Jun 15.

Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.

Although modern clinical practices such as cesarean sections and perinatal antibiotics have improved infant survival, treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics alters intestinal microbiota and causes dysbiosis. Infants exposed to perinatal antibiotics have an increased likelihood of life-threatening infections, including pneumonia. Here, we investigated how the gut microbiota sculpt pulmonary immune responses, promoting recovery and resolution of infection in newborn rhesus macaques. Read More

Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2022 Jun;54(3):578-580

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.

Infective endocarditis in pregnancy is extremely rare in clinical practice. Guidelines addressing prophylaxis and management of infective endocarditis do not extensively deal with concomitant pregnancy, and case reports on infective endocarditis are scarce. Due to increased blood volume and hemodynamic changes in late pregnancy, endocardial neoplasms are easy to fall off and cause systemic or pulmonary embolism, respiratory, cardiac arrest and sudden death may occur in pregnant women, the fetus can suffer from intrauterine distress and stillbirth at any time, leading to adverse outcomes for pregnant women and fetuses. Read More

PLoS One 2022 14;17(6):e0269590. Epub 2022 Jun 14.

Microbiology, DIMES, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.

Gardnerella vaginalis (GV) is an anaerobic bacterial species involved in the pathogenesis of bacterial vaginosis (BV), a condition of vaginal dysbiosis associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. GV strains are categorized into four clades, characterized by a different ability to produce virulence factors, such as sialidase. We investigated the distribution of GV clades and sialidase genes in the vaginal ecosystem of a cohort of pregnant women, assessing the correlations between GV clades and the whole vaginal microbiome. Read More

BMC Health Serv Res 2022 Jun 14;22(1):779. Epub 2022 Jun 14.

Division of Health Sciences , Kōhatu-Centre for Hauora Māori, Otago Medical School, University of Otago, PO Box 56 , 9054, Dunedin, New Zealand.

Background: Maternal vaccinations for influenza and pertussis are recommended in New Zealand to protect mothers and their infant from infection. However, maternal immunisation coverage in New Zealand is suboptimal. Furthermore, there is unacceptable inequitable maternal immunisation rates across the country with Māori and Pacific women having significantly lower maternal immunisation rates than those of other New Zealanders. Read More

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022 Jun 13;22(1):477. Epub 2022 Jun 13.

CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Qc, Canada.

Background: In Canada, vaccination against pertussis (Tdap) during pregnancy has been recommended since 2018, with suboptimal uptake. We aimed to assess the determinants of intention and uptake of Tdap vaccine among pregnant women in Quebec.

Methods: Participants (< 21 weeks of pregnancy) were recruited in four Quebec regions. Read More

Front Immunol 2022 26;13:886810. Epub 2022 May 26.

Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States.

is an obligate intracellular bacterium which, in humans, causes the disease Q fever. Although Q fever is most often a mild, self-limiting respiratory disease, it can cause a range of severe syndromes including hepatitis, myocarditis, spontaneous abortion, chronic valvular endocarditis, and Q fever fatigue syndrome. This agent is endemic worldwide, except for New Zealand and Antarctica, transmitted aerosols, persists in the environment for long periods, and is maintained through persistent infections in domestic livestock. Read More

JAMA Netw Open 2022 Jun 1;5(6):e2216527. Epub 2022 Jun 1.

Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.

Importance: The management of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) during pregnancy is challenging, yet no systematic synthesis of evidence has accurately measured treatment outcomes.

Objective: To systematically synthesize treatment outcomes and adverse events among pregnant patients with MDR-TB.

Data Sources: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest were searched from the inception of each database through August 31, 2021. Read More

Int J Clin Pract 2022 21;2022:4774783. Epub 2022 Apr 21.

Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Background: Bacterial vaginosis (BV), caused by an imbalance in the vaginal microbiota, can be treated and prevented by probiotics. Pregnant women with BV can experience premature labor and spontaneous abortions. Probiotics and prebiotics promote the proliferation of beneficial microorganisms, alter the composition of the vaginal microbiota, and prevent intravaginal infections in postmenopausal women. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2022 Jun 10;23:e936583. Epub 2022 Jun 10.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

BACKGROUND Tuberculous spondylitis, or Pott disease, includes vertebral body osteomyelitis and intervertebral discitis following infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and can present with vertebral collapse and back pain. This report is of a 27-year-old woman diagnosed with tuberculous spondylitis, or Pott disease, during pregnancy. CASE REPORT A 27-year-old female, in her first pregnancy and at 29 weeks of gestation, presented to the Emergency Department with worsening severe neck and back pain for the past 5 months. Read More

Front Public Health 2022 23;10:884701. Epub 2022 May 23.

Laboratório de Virologia Básica e Aplicada, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil.

A multi-epitope protein expressed in a prokaryotic system, including epitopes of Env, Gag, and Tax proteins of both HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 was characterized for HTLV-1/2 serological screening. This tool can contribute to support the implementation of public policies to reduce HTLV-1/2 transmission in Brazil, the country with the highest absolute numbers of HTLV-1/2 infected individuals. The chimeric protein was tested in EIA using serum/plasma of HTLV-infected individuals and non-infected ones from four Brazilian states, including the North and Northeast regions (that present high prevalence of HTLV-1/2) and Southeast region (that presents intermediate prevalence rates) depicting different epidemiological context of HTLV-1/2 infection in our country. Read More

Obstet Gynecol 2022 Jun 2;139(6):1043-1049. Epub 2022 May 2.

Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Center for Women's Reproductive Health, and the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, and Mission Hospital, Asheville, North Carolina; and the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, Ochsner Health System, New Orleans, Louisiana, University of Utah and Intermountain Health Care, Salt Lake City, Utah, Columbia University, New York, New York, University of Mississippi, Jackson, Mississippi, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, Texas.

Objective: To estimate the association between timing of administration of adjunctive azithromycin for prophylaxis at unscheduled cesarean delivery and maternal infection and neonatal morbidity.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of a randomized trial of adjunctive azithromycin prophylaxis in patients with singleton gestations who were undergoing unscheduled cesarean delivery. The primary exposure was the timing of initiation of the study drug (after skin incision or 0-30 minutes, more than 30-60 minutes, or more than 60 minutes before skin incision). Read More

Womens Health (Lond) 2022 Jan-Dec;18:17455057221101071

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Federal Medical Centre, Keffi, Nigeria.

Background: Caesarean section, a common obstetric surgical procedure, is a major predisposing factor for puerperal infections, requiring the need for antibiotic prophylaxis. Evidence suggests that single-dose antibiotic prophylaxis has comparable efficacy to multiple-dose antibiotic prophylaxis, but with a lower cost and risk of antibiotic resistance. However, single-dose antibiotic prophylaxis after caesarean section is not generally used in many centres in sub-Saharan Africa. Read More

Lancet Microbe 2022 Jun 21;3(6):e435-e442. Epub 2022 Apr 21.

Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Background: Bacterial vaginosis might increase HIV risk by eliciting genital inflammation and epithelial barrier disruption, whereas vaginal Lactobacillus crispatus is associated with immune quiescence and HIV protection. We investigated the effect of a live biotherapeutic containing L crispatus CTV-05 (LACTIN-V) on genital immunology and key vaginal bacteria.

Methods: This substudy included women aged 18-45 years who participated in the randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2b trial of LACTIN-V to reduce bacterial vaginosis recurrence, conducted at four universities and hospitals in the USA. Read More

BMC Public Health 2022 Jun 3;22(1):1107. Epub 2022 Jun 3.

Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Unit for HIV/AIDS, STI and Blood-Borne Infections, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.

Background: Chlamydia trachomatis (chlamydia) is a common, frequently asymptomatic, sexually transmitted infection. It can result in severe sequelae, such as ectopic pregnancy and infertility. In Germany, chlamydia is not notifiable. Read More

Cutis 2022 Mar;109(3):160-162

University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston.

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that most commonly affects women of childbearing age. The symptoms of the disease are managed with a multitude of topical and systemic medications. The course of HS changes during pregnancy, and some women can experience postpartum flares. Read More

PLoS One 2022 3;17(6):e0269473. Epub 2022 Jun 3.

School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia.

Objective Of The Study: The objective of this study was to identify determinants of syphilis infection among pregnant women attending antenatal care in hospitals in the Wolaita zone, Southern Ethiopia,2020.

Methods: An unmatched facility-based case-control study was conducted among pregnant women who received antenatal care at four randomly selected hospitals from September 1 to October 30, 2020. A two-stage sampling technique was used in the selection of hospitals and study participants. Read More

Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022 17;12:838405. Epub 2022 May 17.

Microbiology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.

A deep comprehension of the vaginal ecosystem may hold promise for unraveling the pathophysiology of pregnancy and may provide novel biomarkers to identify subjects at risk of maternal-fetal complications. In this prospective study, we assessed the characteristics of the vaginal environment in a cohort of pregnant women throughout their different gestational ages and puerperium. Both the vaginal bacterial composition and the vaginal metabolic profiles were analyzed. Read More

Front Public Health 2022 16;10:851434. Epub 2022 May 16.

School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.

Background: Maternal Group B Streptococcus (GBS) recto-vaginal colonization is the most common route for early onset neonatal GBS diseases. A good understanding of the rate of maternal GBS colonization, vertical transmission rate, and antibiotic susceptibility profiles is needed to formulate a broad protection mechanism, like vaccine preparation. For that reason, this meta-analysis aimed at determining the pooled prevalence of GBS recto-vaginal colonization, vertical transmission rate, and antibiotic susceptibility profiles in Ethiopia. Read More

Adv Exp Med Biol 2022 ;1358:115-140

American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Male infertility is considered as a multifactorial complex reproductive illness, and male urogenital infection and inflammation are crucial etiologies contributing up to 35% of all cases. Mostly triggered by sexually transmitted diseases and uropathogens, chronic manifestation of such infection may cause irreversible infertility in the male. Male urogenital infection involves bacterial, viral, protozoal, and fungal infections many of which remain asymptomatic most of the time and are passed to the sexual partner leading to fertilization failure, pregnancy loss, and even development of illness in the offspring. Read More

Pol J Microbiol 2022 Feb 27;71(1):19-26. Epub 2022 Feb 27.

Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Epidemiology, Cracow, Poland.

Genital tract ureaplasma infections are associated with numerous complications, ranging from inflammation, through infertility, to problematic pregnancy. In the course of ureaplasma infection, the risk of human papillomavirus infection increases. Diagnostic tests for urea-plasma infections are not always carried out, especially in women with the normal Nugent test results. Read More

Wiad Lek 2022 ;75(4 pt 1):818-823

UNIVERSITY OF KUFA, KUFA, IRAQ.

Objective: The aim: The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of cefotaxime before and after skin incision in avoiding post-operative infection complications in caesarean section women, also evaluation the efficacy of cefotaxime in reducing post-caesarean section complications.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: We conducted 150 women who undergoing caesarean section in the Obstetrics & Gynecological Department, Babylon government from January, 2021 to March, 2021. The caesarean operations were done by using standard protocols. Read More

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2022 Apr;32(4):S21-S23

Department of General Surgery, Nishtar Hospital, Multan, Pakistan.

Peptic ulcer disease affects a large number of people around the world. Complications occur in 10-20% of patients and perforation develops in 2-14% of the cases. It can either be in the pyloric part of the stomach or in the first part of duodenum. Read More